Demographic gender bias in Artificial Intelligence
Authorship
L.A.B.L.
Master in Philosophy: Knowledge and Citizenship
L.A.B.L.
Master in Philosophy: Knowledge and Citizenship
Defense date
02.13.2025 10:00
02.13.2025 10:00
Summary
The study analyses the problem of gender bias in the artificial intelligence environment using theoretical knowledge to solve its complexity. Initially, it classifies the categories of bias by responding to the group contexts in implicit psychological tests (IATs). The results are processed into semantic and syntactic representations using natural language conceptualization. Word associations (WEAT) are processed using optimization vectors in coding and translation circuits. Next, some methods of elimination, statistical summaries, and contextualizations of occupational and sectoral contexts are contrasted. In this way, it is possible to arrive at objective relationships of the environments, and profiles of the characters by certain socio-demographic criteria, and gender indices. Finally, the ethical and cultural impact is analysed by observing the existing rules guides reflecting on existing knowledge.
The study analyses the problem of gender bias in the artificial intelligence environment using theoretical knowledge to solve its complexity. Initially, it classifies the categories of bias by responding to the group contexts in implicit psychological tests (IATs). The results are processed into semantic and syntactic representations using natural language conceptualization. Word associations (WEAT) are processed using optimization vectors in coding and translation circuits. Next, some methods of elimination, statistical summaries, and contextualizations of occupational and sectoral contexts are contrasted. In this way, it is possible to arrive at objective relationships of the environments, and profiles of the characters by certain socio-demographic criteria, and gender indices. Finally, the ethical and cultural impact is analysed by observing the existing rules guides reflecting on existing knowledge.
Direction
LATORRE RUIZ, ENRIQUE (Tutorships)
LATORRE RUIZ, ENRIQUE (Tutorships)
Court
DOLDAN GARCIA, XOAN RAMON (Chairman)
CONDE SOTO, FRANCISCO (Secretary)
Donato Rodríguez, Javier de (Member)
DOLDAN GARCIA, XOAN RAMON (Chairman)
CONDE SOTO, FRANCISCO (Secretary)
Donato Rodríguez, Javier de (Member)
Can a machine be fair, philosophical approach to the problem of bias
Authorship
L.A.B.L.
Master in Philosophy: Knowledge and Citizenship
L.A.B.L.
Master in Philosophy: Knowledge and Citizenship
Defense date
07.07.2025 12:00
07.07.2025 12:00
Summary
This paper analyzes the problem of bias in artificial intelligence, questioning whether it is possible to design truly neutral systems in terms of objectivity, knowledge, and justice. To this end, it introduces the concept of bias through examples of algorithmic discrimination and exclusion from access to digital services. As a possible solution, it explores prejudice and injustice from a critical perspective, examining the various types of bias embedded in technological design. It investigates how machines learn from past decisions that are shaped by structural inequalities. And finally, the paper analyses different understandings of justice in AI, focusing on the notion of fairness from a philosophical political perspective. It asks whether a machine can be just and invites reflection on what kind of technologies and what kind of world we want to build with them.
This paper analyzes the problem of bias in artificial intelligence, questioning whether it is possible to design truly neutral systems in terms of objectivity, knowledge, and justice. To this end, it introduces the concept of bias through examples of algorithmic discrimination and exclusion from access to digital services. As a possible solution, it explores prejudice and injustice from a critical perspective, examining the various types of bias embedded in technological design. It investigates how machines learn from past decisions that are shaped by structural inequalities. And finally, the paper analyses different understandings of justice in AI, focusing on the notion of fairness from a philosophical political perspective. It asks whether a machine can be just and invites reflection on what kind of technologies and what kind of world we want to build with them.
Direction
LATORRE RUIZ, ENRIQUE (Tutorships)
LATORRE RUIZ, ENRIQUE (Tutorships)
Court
DOLDAN GARCIA, XOAN RAMON (Chairman)
CONDE SOTO, FRANCISCO (Secretary)
Donato Rodríguez, Javier de (Member)
DOLDAN GARCIA, XOAN RAMON (Chairman)
CONDE SOTO, FRANCISCO (Secretary)
Donato Rodríguez, Javier de (Member)
Women Leadership: An Ethnographic Study on Gender, Diversity, and Inclusion in Contemporary Organizations
Authorship
R.C.G.
Master in Philosophy: Knowledge and Citizenship
R.C.G.
Master in Philosophy: Knowledge and Citizenship
Defense date
07.07.2025 16:30
07.07.2025 16:30
Summary
This study analyzes women leadership in contemporary organizations from a critical, intersectional, and situated perspective. Through an ethnographic study of the Horizonte Life program, a Portugue- se mentoring initiative promoted by the Movimento Life in the healthcare sector, it examines the ex- periences of women leaders in contexts shaped by gendered organizational structures. The theoreti- cal framework integrates contributions from Michel Foucault, Judith Butler, Carol Gilligan and bell hooks, Kimberlé Crenshaw and Audre Lorde, and Joan Acker. The methodology is based on ethno- graphic fieldwork, including participant observation, in-depth interviews, and discourse analysis of institutional narratives. The findings reveal that women leadership cannot be reduced to a matter of numerical representation; rather, it entails a critical practice grounded in care, agency, and the resig- nification of subjectivities. Despite the internal tensions and contradictions of the program studied, the research highlights the emergence of relational and transformative forms of leadership that cha- llenge traditional power logics and open pathways toward more inclusive and ethical organizational cultures.
This study analyzes women leadership in contemporary organizations from a critical, intersectional, and situated perspective. Through an ethnographic study of the Horizonte Life program, a Portugue- se mentoring initiative promoted by the Movimento Life in the healthcare sector, it examines the ex- periences of women leaders in contexts shaped by gendered organizational structures. The theoreti- cal framework integrates contributions from Michel Foucault, Judith Butler, Carol Gilligan and bell hooks, Kimberlé Crenshaw and Audre Lorde, and Joan Acker. The methodology is based on ethno- graphic fieldwork, including participant observation, in-depth interviews, and discourse analysis of institutional narratives. The findings reveal that women leadership cannot be reduced to a matter of numerical representation; rather, it entails a critical practice grounded in care, agency, and the resig- nification of subjectivities. Despite the internal tensions and contradictions of the program studied, the research highlights the emergence of relational and transformative forms of leadership that cha- llenge traditional power logics and open pathways toward more inclusive and ethical organizational cultures.
Direction
ALLEN-PERKINS AVENDAÑO, DIEGO (Tutorships)
ALLEN-PERKINS AVENDAÑO, DIEGO (Tutorships)
Court
AGIS VILLAVERDE, MARCELINO (Chairman)
VAZQUEZ LOBEIRAS, MARIA XESUS (Secretary)
GARCIA SOTO, LUIS MODESTO (Member)
AGIS VILLAVERDE, MARCELINO (Chairman)
VAZQUEZ LOBEIRAS, MARIA XESUS (Secretary)
GARCIA SOTO, LUIS MODESTO (Member)
Religion and communication: from the community feeling to the community of feelings
Authorship
M.G.P.
Master in Philosophy: Knowledge and Citizenship
M.G.P.
Master in Philosophy: Knowledge and Citizenship
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:00
07.07.2025 10:00
Summary
According to one possible interpretation, the etymological origin of the term religion lies in the Latin verb religare, meaning “to reunite.” In this view, religion would consist in the recovery of a sacred union that had once been “lost.” However, most approaches to the study of this phenomenon adopt either reductionist or essentialist perspectives. Against this background, the present work defends, from a philosophical-anthropological standpoint, that religious experience should be understood as a singular experience of harmony, communion, union, or genuine communication with the Other. Ultimately, this Other, whether conceived as “transcendent” or proximate, divine or human, is always an Absolutely Other, insofar as it exceeds individual experience. This bond is incarnated in an affective relationship with proximate others, through whom community is formed. Yet community itself rests upon a paradoxical dynamic: the feeling of belonging (subjective, claimed as one’s own) which unites individuals and opens them to the possibility of religious experience, is in fact grounded in an absence (the common) which escapes subjectivity and any claim to objectification. Thus, religious experience and community can only subsist insofar as they remain inexpressible; yet this inexpressibility must necessarily confront the challenge of being manifested in ritualized narratives to be sustained.
According to one possible interpretation, the etymological origin of the term religion lies in the Latin verb religare, meaning “to reunite.” In this view, religion would consist in the recovery of a sacred union that had once been “lost.” However, most approaches to the study of this phenomenon adopt either reductionist or essentialist perspectives. Against this background, the present work defends, from a philosophical-anthropological standpoint, that religious experience should be understood as a singular experience of harmony, communion, union, or genuine communication with the Other. Ultimately, this Other, whether conceived as “transcendent” or proximate, divine or human, is always an Absolutely Other, insofar as it exceeds individual experience. This bond is incarnated in an affective relationship with proximate others, through whom community is formed. Yet community itself rests upon a paradoxical dynamic: the feeling of belonging (subjective, claimed as one’s own) which unites individuals and opens them to the possibility of religious experience, is in fact grounded in an absence (the common) which escapes subjectivity and any claim to objectification. Thus, religious experience and community can only subsist insofar as they remain inexpressible; yet this inexpressibility must necessarily confront the challenge of being manifested in ritualized narratives to be sustained.
Direction
PARCERO OUBIÑA, OSCAR (Tutorships)
PARCERO OUBIÑA, OSCAR (Tutorships)
Court
DOLDAN GARCIA, XOAN RAMON (Chairman)
CONDE SOTO, FRANCISCO (Secretary)
Donato Rodríguez, Javier de (Member)
DOLDAN GARCIA, XOAN RAMON (Chairman)
CONDE SOTO, FRANCISCO (Secretary)
Donato Rodríguez, Javier de (Member)
Institutional Violence against Women Experiencing Homelessness
Authorship
L.L.P.
Master in Philosophy: Knowledge and Citizenship
L.L.P.
Master in Philosophy: Knowledge and Citizenship
Defense date
07.07.2025 17:30
07.07.2025 17:30
Summary
Female homelessness is one of the most extreme expressions of social exclusion. In this phenomenon, multiple forms of violence that emanate from institutions, and that the state permits, legitimises and perpetuates, intersect. Through the contributions of sociology, social work, feminist and gender studies and first-person narratives, the consequences of living in a patriarchal system are examined and denounced, in confluence with other multiple axes of oppression, and which constitute the structural basis of the institutional violence analysed. After a brief approach to the phenomenon, in which the idea of home is questioned and the main concepts and processes that explain female homelessness today are described, the consequences of the regulation of public space and aporophobic and (in)mobility dynamics are analysed, followed by an in-depth analysis of the specific violence of the security forces, the judiciary and the third sector of social action. The aim is thus to contribute to a complex and situated understanding of female homelessness that focuses on the repressive agents and devices that sustain and reproduce exclusion, and that operate through punishment, normalisation and the denial of autonomy, problematising the notion of imposed vulnerability and denaturalising welfare narratives in the face of the recognition of the rights of homeless women, not as concessions, but as unavoidable political demands.
Female homelessness is one of the most extreme expressions of social exclusion. In this phenomenon, multiple forms of violence that emanate from institutions, and that the state permits, legitimises and perpetuates, intersect. Through the contributions of sociology, social work, feminist and gender studies and first-person narratives, the consequences of living in a patriarchal system are examined and denounced, in confluence with other multiple axes of oppression, and which constitute the structural basis of the institutional violence analysed. After a brief approach to the phenomenon, in which the idea of home is questioned and the main concepts and processes that explain female homelessness today are described, the consequences of the regulation of public space and aporophobic and (in)mobility dynamics are analysed, followed by an in-depth analysis of the specific violence of the security forces, the judiciary and the third sector of social action. The aim is thus to contribute to a complex and situated understanding of female homelessness that focuses on the repressive agents and devices that sustain and reproduce exclusion, and that operate through punishment, normalisation and the denial of autonomy, problematising the notion of imposed vulnerability and denaturalising welfare narratives in the face of the recognition of the rights of homeless women, not as concessions, but as unavoidable political demands.
Direction
MARTINEZ SUAREZ, YOLANDA (Tutorships)
MARTINEZ SUAREZ, YOLANDA (Tutorships)
Court
AGIS VILLAVERDE, MARCELINO (Chairman)
VAZQUEZ LOBEIRAS, MARIA XESUS (Secretary)
GARCIA SOTO, LUIS MODESTO (Member)
AGIS VILLAVERDE, MARCELINO (Chairman)
VAZQUEZ LOBEIRAS, MARIA XESUS (Secretary)
GARCIA SOTO, LUIS MODESTO (Member)
The use of emotional discourse on television and its effects on democracy. A critical analysis of Horizonte during the Valencia dana
Authorship
E.M.G.
Master in Philosophy: Knowledge and Citizenship
E.M.G.
Master in Philosophy: Knowledge and Citizenship
Defense date
07.07.2025 18:30
07.07.2025 18:30
Summary
This paper aims to approach the new role of the media as a fundamental pillar of social and political development. To this end, we have analysed whether television uses emotions as a strategy to approach viewers, and we have examined its possible impact on the democratic quality of states. The study combined two perspectives: on the one hand, communication, in order to understand the role of the media in the construction of discourse; and on the other, political philosophy, exploring the impact of emotions on the public sphere and political life. To this end, the Horizonte programme, broadcast by the Cuatro television channel during the development of the Valencia dana in November 2024, has been taken as the object of study. The results obtained have demonstrated a close relationship between the use of emotions in television discourse and their impact on democracy, as described by authors such as Martha Nussbaum and Sara Ahmed.
This paper aims to approach the new role of the media as a fundamental pillar of social and political development. To this end, we have analysed whether television uses emotions as a strategy to approach viewers, and we have examined its possible impact on the democratic quality of states. The study combined two perspectives: on the one hand, communication, in order to understand the role of the media in the construction of discourse; and on the other, political philosophy, exploring the impact of emotions on the public sphere and political life. To this end, the Horizonte programme, broadcast by the Cuatro television channel during the development of the Valencia dana in November 2024, has been taken as the object of study. The results obtained have demonstrated a close relationship between the use of emotions in television discourse and their impact on democracy, as described by authors such as Martha Nussbaum and Sara Ahmed.
Direction
FRANCO BARRERA, ALBERTO JOSE (Tutorships)
FRANCO BARRERA, ALBERTO JOSE (Tutorships)
Court
AGIS VILLAVERDE, MARCELINO (Chairman)
VAZQUEZ LOBEIRAS, MARIA XESUS (Secretary)
GARCIA SOTO, LUIS MODESTO (Member)
AGIS VILLAVERDE, MARCELINO (Chairman)
VAZQUEZ LOBEIRAS, MARIA XESUS (Secretary)
GARCIA SOTO, LUIS MODESTO (Member)
The Cognitive Closure
Authorship
J.P.R.P.
Master in Philosophy: Knowledge and Citizenship
J.P.R.P.
Master in Philosophy: Knowledge and Citizenship
Defense date
02.13.2025 12:00
02.13.2025 12:00
Summary
This study analyzes the nature of cognitive closure, its role in the consolidation of beliefs, and its impact on the structuring of cognitive systems. Belief is examined as a necessary mental state, exploring its role in human experience and its inevitability in the construction of thought. Furthermore, reflection is given to the rational process underlying all belief, as well as to the psychological and cognitive limits of this process and its insufficiency in consolidating reality and achieving closure, a process that also depends on motivational factors; this, in turn, blurs the line that typically separates so-called knowledge from mere belief. Finally, the problem of infinite regress is addressed to observe how even the most introspective and reliable beliefs do not constitute a fundamental basis for thought and how their content cannot be understood as something given or imposed, but rather as a coherent construction derived from other assumed realities within the mind.
This study analyzes the nature of cognitive closure, its role in the consolidation of beliefs, and its impact on the structuring of cognitive systems. Belief is examined as a necessary mental state, exploring its role in human experience and its inevitability in the construction of thought. Furthermore, reflection is given to the rational process underlying all belief, as well as to the psychological and cognitive limits of this process and its insufficiency in consolidating reality and achieving closure, a process that also depends on motivational factors; this, in turn, blurs the line that typically separates so-called knowledge from mere belief. Finally, the problem of infinite regress is addressed to observe how even the most introspective and reliable beliefs do not constitute a fundamental basis for thought and how their content cannot be understood as something given or imposed, but rather as a coherent construction derived from other assumed realities within the mind.
Direction
Donato Rodríguez, Javier de (Tutorships)
Donato Rodríguez, Javier de (Tutorships)
Court
AGIS VILLAVERDE, MARCELINO (Chairman)
VAZQUEZ LOBEIRAS, MARIA XESUS (Secretary)
GARCIA SOTO, LUIS MODESTO (Member)
AGIS VILLAVERDE, MARCELINO (Chairman)
VAZQUEZ LOBEIRAS, MARIA XESUS (Secretary)
GARCIA SOTO, LUIS MODESTO (Member)
Love as a Motivating Force: Ibn Hazm´s Contribution to Scholastic Philosophy
Authorship
M.R.R.
Master in Philosophy: Knowledge and Citizenship
M.R.R.
Master in Philosophy: Knowledge and Citizenship
Defense date
07.07.2025 11:00
07.07.2025 11:00
Summary
This research work studies the philosophy of love in Ibn Hazm of Córdoba within the framework of Andalusian thought and, not only that, but also understanding its relevant influence on Christian scholasticism. Through the historical and philosophical contextualization to his time, as well as the analysis of The Necklace of the Dove, the philosophical, ethical and metaphysical aspects of love are explored, always defending the importance of putting them in dialogue with other different Mediterranean traditions, such as the Hebraic (where, in this case, we will highlight the figure of Leo Hebrew) and the Christian (in this case, studied mainly through the contributions of Thomas Aquinas). This approach will be based on one of my major beliefs when doing philosophy, namely, on a comparative perspective based on interdisciplinarity and interculturality, which seek to revalue, among others, peripheral philosophies.
This research work studies the philosophy of love in Ibn Hazm of Córdoba within the framework of Andalusian thought and, not only that, but also understanding its relevant influence on Christian scholasticism. Through the historical and philosophical contextualization to his time, as well as the analysis of The Necklace of the Dove, the philosophical, ethical and metaphysical aspects of love are explored, always defending the importance of putting them in dialogue with other different Mediterranean traditions, such as the Hebraic (where, in this case, we will highlight the figure of Leo Hebrew) and the Christian (in this case, studied mainly through the contributions of Thomas Aquinas). This approach will be based on one of my major beliefs when doing philosophy, namely, on a comparative perspective based on interdisciplinarity and interculturality, which seek to revalue, among others, peripheral philosophies.
Direction
AGIS VILLAVERDE, MARCELINO (Tutorships)
AGIS VILLAVERDE, MARCELINO (Tutorships)
Court
DOLDAN GARCIA, XOAN RAMON (Chairman)
CONDE SOTO, FRANCISCO (Secretary)
Donato Rodríguez, Javier de (Member)
DOLDAN GARCIA, XOAN RAMON (Chairman)
CONDE SOTO, FRANCISCO (Secretary)
Donato Rodríguez, Javier de (Member)