ECTS credits ECTS credits: 6
ECTS Hours Rules/Memories Student's work ECTS: 92 Hours of tutorials: 3 Expository Class: 35 Interactive Classroom: 20 Total: 150
Use languages Spanish, Galician
Type: Ordinary Degree Subject RD 1393/2007 - 822/2021
Departments: Psychiatry, Radiology, Public Health, Nursing and Medicine
Areas: Preventive Medicine and Public Health
Center Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry
Call: Second Semester
Teaching: Sin docencia (Extinguida)
Enrolment: No Matriculable
This subject allows to the student have an integral vision of the continuous health-illness. Up to now, the student has studied to morphology and normal function of the human being. From here, his study will centre in the ill person, in his or her diagnostic and treatment. This subject acts as a link between these two visions of the human being. It allows to the student know which are the personal, environmental, socioeconomic factors etc, that they are determining the health of the people. Likewise, it allows knowing the way of transmission of the illnesses and the basic measures for prevention. Also it allows to the students know the scientific bases for the establishment of the relations of causality between the different factors of risk and the loss of the health, as well as the principles of the evaluation of the technicians, procedures and available resources for the promotion and restoration of the health.
The aim of the subject Public Health is to achieve that the student, at the end of his study, was able, by means of the acquisition of the knowledges, attitudes and corresponding habits, of:
1.- Identify the risk factors that can achieve to the human health and know as they act.
2.- Analyse the different designs of epidemiological investigation, as well as its use in the context in which the dentist develops his practice.
3.- Know the hygienic and prophylactic measures, in persons and communities, more suitable for the prevention of the illness and for the promotion of the health.
4.- Take part in the sanitary education of the population.
5.- Help to his patient in the smoking cessation.
6.- Contribute to the planning of the sanitary attention to the community:
a) identifying the problems of health and analysing them by means of the application of the epidemiological method;
b) collaborating in the execution of the plans of health care and of promotion of the oral health.
“Concept of health. Public health. Epidemiological method. Environment and health. Transmissible diseases: epidemiology and prophylaxis. Lifestyle and health. Epidemiology, treatment and prevention of smoking. Health system organization. National and international organizations related with the health”.
The syllabus is organised in 32 lessons, organised in 6 thematic blocks.
Block I: Concepts
Lecture 1. Concept of health. Its determinants. Natural history of the disease. Levels of prevention.
Lecture 2. Public health: Historical evolution, concept and contents.
Block II: Epidemiological methodology
Lecture 3. Sanitary demography: Static and dynamic.
Lecture 4. Concept and uses of the epidemiology.
Lecture 5. Sources of data about health. Health Information Systems Epidemiological surveillance.
Lecture 6. Descriptive epidemiology. Characteristics of person, place and time. Hypothesis design.
Lecture 7. Causality in epidemiology. Errors and biases in epidemiology: random errors, selection bias, confounding bias and information bias.
Lecture 8. Classification of the epidemiological studies. Experimental epidemiology: Clinical trial.
Lecture 9. Analytical epidemiology: Cohort Studies.
Lecture 10. Case control studies.
Lecture 11. Transversal studies. Ecological studies.
Lecture 12. Screening studies.
BLOCK III: Environment and human health
Lecture 13. Ecology and health.
Lecture 14. Atmospheric pollution. Effects on the health.
Lecture 15. Drinking water. Waterborne diseases. Physical and chemist characteristics of drinking water. Water purification.
Lecture 16. Sewage: Problems and treatment.
Lecture 17. Municipal Waste. Bio-medical waste.
BLOCK IV: General epidemiology and prophylaxis of the transmissible diseases
Lecture 18. General epidemiology of the transmissible diseases. The epidemiological chain. Concept of epidemic, endemic and pandemic.
Lecture 19. General and specific prophylaxis of the transmissible diseases. Prophylaxis against the source of infection.
Lecture 20. Vaccination. Pharmacologic prophylaxis. Gamma globulin prophylaxis.
Lecture 21. Classification of the transmissible diseases. Fecal-oral transmitted diseases.
Lecture 22. Epidemiology and prevention of the airborne diseases. Epidemiology and prevention of the pulmonary tuberculosis, meningococcal meningitis and flu.
Lecture 23. Epidemiology and prevention of the direct contact diseases: Sexually transmitted diseases.
Lecture 24. Epidemiology and prevention of the arthropod-borne diseases: Malaria.
Lecture 25. Epidemiology and prevention of the healthcare associated infections.
BLOCK V: Health and behaviour
Lecture 26. Health education: concept, methods and applications.
Lecture 27. Substance abuse: Concepts. Epidemiology and prevention of the dependency to psychoactive drugs.
Lecture 28. Epidemiology and prevention of the alcohol dependency
Lecture 29. Epidemiology, treatment and prevention of the tobacco dependency.
BLOCK VI: Health organization
Lecture 30. Health system. Main models. The Spanish health system. The General Health Law.
Lecture 31. Health organization of the Autonomous Community of Galicia. Galician Health Service (SERGAS). The Galicia health map. Health care levels.
Lecture 32. Health planning and programming. Health care services evaluation.
Lecture 33. International organizations related to health. The World Health Organization and other international organizations. Non Governmental Organizations: The Red Cross.
Program of practices and seminars
The practical program includes five practices of laboratory and four seminars.
Practice 1. Demographical indicators. Morbidity indicators: Incidence and prevalence.
Practical 2. Design and analysis of an experimental study
Practice 3. Design and analysis of a cohort study
Practical 4. Design and analysis of a case control study
controls 5. Design and analysis of a transversal study. Screening study.
Seminar 1. Waste treatment: Visit to wastewater treatment plant of Santiago (Scenarios 1). Bibliographic research work about the different methods of wastewater treatment (Scenarios 2/3)
Seminar 2. Inequalities in health
Seminar 4. Health systems and healthcare wallet
Seminar 5. Diagnostic and therapeutic attitude in tobacco cessation.
- Piédrola Gil: “Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública”. 12ª Ed. Elsevier-Masson. 2015. (Texto de referencia básico da materia)
- Cuenca y Baca: “ODONTOLOGÍA PREVENTIVA Y COMUNITARIA: Principios, métodos y aplicaciones”. 4ª Ed. Elsevier-Masson. 2013. Available at: https://www.academia.edu/26941287/Odontologia.Preventiva.y.Comunitaria…
- Ahlbom, Alfredsson Y Alfven: “Fundamentos de epidemiología”. 9ª Ed. Siglo XXI de España Editores. 2009.
- Jokin de Irala Estevez (et al): EPIDEMIOLOGIA APLICADA. 2ª Ed. ARIEL, 2008.
- European Environmental Agency. Air quality in Europe — 2018 report. Available at: https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/air-quality-in-europe-2018
- Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica. Perfil Ambiental de España 2017. Disponible en:
https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/calidad-y-evaluacion-ambiental/publicacion…
- Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente. Programa estatal de prevención de residuos 2014-2020. Disponible en: https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/calidad-y-evaluacion-ambiental/planes-y-es…
- Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente. Plan estatal marco de gestión de residuos (PEMAR) 2016-2020. Disponible en: https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/calidad-y-evaluacion-ambiental/planes-y-es…
- Observatorio de la Sostenibilidad. Disponible en: https://www.observatoriosostenibilidad.com/
- Red Española de Ciudades Saludables. Disponible en: http://recs.es/
- Vida sostenible. Disponible en: http://www.vidasostenible.org/
- WHO Regional Office for Europe. Social inequalities and their influence on housing risk factors and health. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2014. Disponible en: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/107955/E92729.pdf?sequ…
- Xunta de Galicia. Consellería de Medio Ambiente, Territorio e Vivenda. Plan de xestión de residuos urbanos de Galicia (PXRUG) 2010-2020. Disponible en: https://sirga.xunta.gal/c/document_library/get_file?uuid=88abfd7c-9c05-…
- U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Guide to Clinical Preventive Services 2014. Disponible en: https://www.ahrq.gov/professionals/clinicians-providers/guidelines-reco…
- WHO guidelines on tuberculosis infection prevention and control2019 update. Disponible en: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/311259/9789241550512-e…
Competences of the carier to which contributes the subject ( Orden CIN/2136/2008):
7. Promote the learning of new knowledge and techniques in an autonomous way, as well as the motivation by the quality.
8. Know to share information with other health professionals and work with a team.
9. Comprise the importance to keep and use the registers with information of the patient for its analysis, preserving the confidentiality of the data.
18. Know, evaluate and know use the sources of clinical and biomedical information to obtain, organise, interpret and communicate the scientific and health information.
19. Know the scientific method and have criticism capacity to value the knowledge established and the new information. Be able to formulate hypothesis, collect and evaluate the information for the resolution of problems, following the scientific method.
29. Recognise the determinants of the oral health in the population, so much the genetic like the dependents of the lifestyle, demographical, environmental, social, economic, psychological and cultural.
31. Know the National Health System, as well as the basic appearances of the health legislation, clinical management and suitable utilisation of the health resources, comprising the importance of the paper of the dentist in the field of the Primary Care.
Specific competences of the matter:
o Know the scientific method and have critical capacity to evaluate the established knowledge and the new information.
o Know the procedures and diagnostic’s clinical and laboratory tests, know his reliability and diagnostic validity and be competent in the interpretation of the results.
o Know the dental biomaterials: its manipulation, properties, indications, allergies, bio-compatibility, toxicity, waste treatment and environmental impact.
o Know the tobacco effects on the oral health and take part in the measures that help to the patient that wishes to cease in the smoking habit. The same, know the complex interactions between the environmental, social and behavioural factors with the oral and general health.
o Know the procedures in order to asses the diagnose of oral health in the community and know interpret the results.
o Know the repercussions of the demographical and epidemiological trends in the practice of the odontology.
GENERAL COMPETENCES
1. INSTRUMENTAL:
- Capacity of analysis and synthesis.
- Capacity of organisation and planning.
- Oral and written communication in the native language.
- Knowledge of a foreign language.
- Computing knowledge related to the object of study.
- Capacity of information management.
- Resolution of problems.
2 PERSONAL
- Work in team.
- Critical argument.
3. SISTÉMICAS
- Autonomous learning.
- Creativity.
- Sensitivity on the environmental.
SCENARIO 1 facing the COVID-19 pandemic: all teaching activity is face-to-face
In the first session, the professor will guide the most relevant bibliography for the study of the topics. In the lectures, the professor will indicate the objectives that the student will have to achieve, will present the subjects emphasizing the most relevant and current aspects, promoting the participation of the students.
The student will make an exhaustive reading of the class materials and the recommended bibliography, and will reflect on the contents of the subject.
Format of the seminars:
Before the seminar sessions, the professor will communicate the objectives of the seminar, facilitate the basic bibliography and guide in the search for complementary bibliography, and organize the work in different groups to promote teamwork. The student must previously work on the topic. The seminar session will be very active and participatory, assuming the role of presenter of the subject and guide and moderator of the discussions, making the presentations of the subjects to be studied to the teacher.
Laboratory practice format:
The content corresponds to the second block of the theoretical program (lessons three to twelve). It consists of five sessions lasting 2 hours.
At the beginning of the practice there will be a short presentation of 15 minutes that recalls the content of the practice that will take place next. Subsequently, the practice will be carried out by the students, dedicating part of the time to solving the practical questions and the rest to the discussion, with the teacher acting as moderator.
SCENARIO 2 facing the COVID-19 pandemic: Lectures are non-presential, interactive teaching is presential.
The lectures will follow the same format as in scenario 1, but it will be carried out synchronously through the TEAMS tool, at the same time that it was scheduled for face-to-face classes.
Seminars and laboratory practices will be taught in the same way as in scenario 1.
SCENARIO 3 facing the COVID-19 pandemic: All teaching activity is non-presential.
The lectures will follow the same format as in scenario 1, but it will be carried out synchronously through the TEAMS tool, at the same time that it was scheduled for face-to-face classes.
Format of the seminars:
Before the seminar sessions, the professor will communicate the objectives of the seminar through the virtual campus, provide the basic bibliography and guide in the search for complementary bibliography. The student must previously work on the topic. The seminar session will try to be participatory, being carried out in some cases through the TEAMS tool and in other cases with the development of work on the virtual campus.
Laboratory practices format:
They will follow a format similar to scenario 1, but will be developed through the TEAMS tool in synchronous mode at the scheduled time.
The tutoring will be done non-presential: individually by email and in group through the virtual classroom forum.
SCENARIO 1: The assessment system will combine diferent items: the student’s participation in the lectures, the individual work in the seminars and in the practices, as well the capacity of interaction with the group.
The evaluation of the student will be done in function of the following parameters:
1. Test on theoretical-practical content: 70%
The test could be oral for evaluating transversal competences also, and/or writing by means of long questions, short questions and/or multiple choice test. In this last case, test’s qualifications will be corrected for controlling the probability to get right by chance. For this the following formula will be applied:
Score = (((NRxNO)-NP) / ((NO-1) x NP)) X10
(Number of questions answered properly (NR), number of possible choices (NO) and total number of questions (NP) )
2. Evaluation of practices with the following criteria: 10%
2.1 Resolution of the problem
2.2 Clarity in the presentation
2.3 Participation in the discussion
3. Planned tasks during the course: 15%
3.1 7.5% 3.1 Individual work about search of information and calculating demographical indicators.
3.2 7.5% Group work for designing a epidemiological investigation project to determine the existence (or not) of a risk factor for the oral health. Compulsory structure: introduction (based on the bibliographic research on the state of art), the approach of the work with specific aims, material and method, bibliography (in the text and the references at the end).
4. Answering to questions done in the classroom to all the students: 5%
Students will need to get a minimum score of 5 points (from 10) for passing the matter.
In the second option of July the system of evaluation and the weight of each part will be kept.
In case of fraudulent conduct in exercises or tests it will be application of the provisions of the Regulations for the evaluation of the academic performance of students and review of grades.
SCENARIOS 2 and 3
If the final test cannot be done face to face, it will consist of an oral test carried out by videoconference synchronously using the TEAMS tool.
The rest of the evaluation system will remain as in scenario 1.
Hours in the classroom:
- Lectures: 35
- Practices: 10
- Seminars: 10
Hours for personal work:
- Reading of basic and additional texts: 50
- Realisation of the works proposed: 35
Total hours: 150
Although they do not exist prerequisites normative, to comprise and take advantage to the maximum in this subject the student will have to have basic knowledge of the microorganisms that can cause alterations of the health of the human beings. Therefore it will have to have studied and passed the Microbiology and immunology subject.
Likewise also, the studient will have to have studied and passed the matter Bioestadística and Introduction to the investigation.
For taking advantage of the scientific literature also is recommended a basic knowledge of the English language, as well as of the realisation of bibliographic researches for which is very useful to realise the course on bibliographic research offered by the faculty library
Plan de Contingencia:
Adaptaciones a los posibles escenarios debido a la situación epidemiológica por la COVID-19:
CONTENIDOS:
Escenarios 3: El seminario 1 se sustituye por un trabajo de busca bibliográfica sobre los diferentes métodos de depuración de las aguas residuales
METODOLOGÍA DE La ENSEÑANZA :
ESCENARIO 1: Toda la actividad docente es presencial
ESCENARIO 2: La docencia expositiva es no presencial, la docencia interactiva presencial.
ESCENARIO 3: Toda la actividad docente es no presencial
SISTEMA DE EVALUACIÓN
ESCENARIOS 2 y 3: Si la prueba final no se puede realizar de forma presencial consistirá en una prueba oral realizada por videoconferencia de forma síncrona mediante la herramienta TEAMS. El resto del sistema de evaluación se mantendrá como en el escenario 1.
Margarita Taracido Trunk
- Department
- Psychiatry, Radiology, Public Health, Nursing and Medicine
- Area
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health
- Phone
- 881812279
- margarita.taracido [at] usc.es
- Category
- Professor: University Lecturer
Agustin Montes Martinez
Coordinador/a- Department
- Psychiatry, Radiology, Public Health, Nursing and Medicine
- Area
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health
- Phone
- 881812271
- agustin.montes [at] usc.es
- Category
- Professor: University Lecturer
| Tuesday | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 10:30-12:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Galician, Spanish | Dentistry-A. Suárez Nuñez |
| 12:00-14:00 | Grupo /CLIL_01 | Galician | Dentistry-A. Suárez Nuñez |
| 12:00-14:00 | Grupo /CLIL_01 | Galician | Dentistry-Computer Room |
| 16:30-18:30 | Grupo /CLIL_01 | Galician | Dentistry-A. Suárez Nuñez |
| 16:30-18:30 | Grupo /CLIL_01 | Galician | Dentistry-Computer Room |
| Wednesday | |||
| 10:30-12:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Spanish, Galician | Dentistry-A. Suárez Nuñez |
| 06.08.2021 12:00-14:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Dentistry-A. Suárez Nuñez |
| 06.08.2021 12:00-14:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Dentistry-Classroom 3 |
| 07.13.2021 00:00-11:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Dentistry-Classroom 3 |
| 07.13.2021 09:00-11:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Dentistry-A. Suárez Nuñez |