ECTS credits ECTS credits: 4.5
ECTS Hours Rules/Memories Student's work ECTS: 67.5 Hours of tutorials: 2 Expository Class: 23 EEES Clinics: 20 Total: 112.5
Use languages Spanish, Galician
Type: Ordinary Degree Subject RD 1393/2007 - 822/2021
Departments: Animal Pathology
Areas: Animal Medicine and Surgery
Center Faculty of Veterinary Science
Call: Second Semester
Teaching: With teaching
Enrolment: Enrollable
Into the “GENERAL OBJECTIVES” of the Degree in Veterinary Medicine imparted by the USC it is stated: “Education in Veterinary Sciences has the aim of enduing students with the knowledge, techniques, skills and aptitudes appropriate for the profession”.
Therefore, the “General objectives” can be summarized as the training of graduates in the knowledge and professional capacitation needed to guarantee animal and human health, by means of:
- Control of hygiene, inspection and production technology and elaboration of food for human consumption from the primary production to the end consumer.
- Prevention, diagnosis and individual or collective treatment, as well as fighting against animal diseases, either as individuals or collectives, particularly in the case of zoonoses.
- Control of breeding, management, welfare, reproduction, protection and nutrition of animals, and optimization of animal productions.
- Obtaining, in excellent and profitable conditions, products of animal origin and evaluating their environmental impact.
- Knowledge of laws, regulations and administrative provisions and their application to all fields of the Veterinary profession and public health, understanding ethical implications of health in a world-wide context of transformation.
- Development of professional practice in relation with other health professionals, acquiring skills relative to team work, efficient use of resources and quality management.
- Identification of emerging risks in all fields of the Veterinary profession.
ESPECIFIC OBJECTIVES OF THE SUBJECT
-To be able to diagnose and treat the main reproductive problems affecting domestic species.
-To know the causes for subfertility, infertility and sterility, proposing measures for correction.
-To know the biological events concurring before, during and after parturition, to determine potential complications and to correct them.
INTERACTIVE SESSIONS
Practice 1 (4 h). Retal palpation in cows I: Clinical practice that will be done at the Veterinary Hospital “Rof Codina”. Students will learn the technique for rectal palpation of the genital tract of the cow, learning how to differentiate the different parts of the tract and the physiological structures normally found in the ovaries.
Practice 2 (4 h). Rectal palpation in cows II: This clinical practice will be done at the same place than the first one, and it is aimed to consolidate knowledge learned in the first practice.
Practice 3 (4 h). Ultrasonographic exam of the genital tract of the cow: Clinical practice that will be done at the Veterinary Hospital “Rof Codina”. The aim of this practice is that students become familiarized with ultrasound examination, learning the basic principles for exploration of genital structures, pregnancy diagnosis and fetal sex determination.
Practice 4 (8 h). Study of clinical cases on reproduction in small animals.
In the case where the Gayoso Castro farm is in operation, the following changes shall apply:
Practice 4 (4 h). Study of clinical cases on reproduction in small animals.
Practice 5 (4h). Diagnosis and resolution of reproductive pathologies in cows. Practice carried out in the Gayoso Castro Farm in which the students faced different reproductive pathologies in real conditions.
ELABORATION OF ASSAYS
During the quarter students must perform an assay on the topic “Dystocia in the bovine species”
EXPOSITIVE SESSIONS
BLOCK I.-PATHOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION AND OBSTETRICS IN RUMINANTS (11 h)
Chapter 1. Anatomic alterations of the genital tract: Ovarian and/or uterine hypoplasia. White heifers disease. Alterations of the sexual differentiation. Ovarian tumors. Vaginal alterations. Other pathologies of the genital tract.
Chapter 2. Functional alterations of the ovaries: Anestrus. Alterations of the follicular growth dynamics. Persistent corpus luteum. Ovulation without heat manifestation.
Chapter 3. Infertility of nutritional origin: Importance of nutrition for fertility, alterations caused by misbalance of the different diet components (energy, protein, minerals and vitamins). Effects of toxic substances.
Chapter 4. Repeat breeding syndrome: definition, incidence, etiology (heat alterations, ovulation alterations, fertilization failure and early embryo mortality). Repeated heats at irregular intervals: longer or shorter than the normal interestrus interval.
Chapter 5. Abortions: physiopathology of the abortion, incidence, non-infectious causes of abortion. Infectious causes of abortion: bacterial, fungal, viral and parasitic.
Chapter 6. Pathology of pregnancy: Extra-uterine pregnancy. Vaginal prolapse. Uterine hernia. Uterine rupture. Diseases involving fetal membranes: hydroamnios, hydroalantoides. Fetal death: mummification, maceration, fetal emphysema. Congenital defects.
Chapter 7. Dystocia: concept and diagnosis. Dystocia classification. Methods used for dystocia resolution. Consequences of dystocia: for the fetus, for the mother.
Chapter 8. Dystocia of maternal origin: Absence of expulsive efforts of uterine or abdominal origins. Obstruction of the birth canal: alteration of the pelvic bones, alteration of soft tissues, uterine topographic anomalies.
Chapter 9. Dystocia of fetal origin: anomalies of presentation, position or attitude. Large fetal volume. Twin pregnancy. Fetal malformations. Fetal membranes-dependent dystocia.
Chapter 10. Pathology of postpartum: Delay of uterine involution. Uterine prolapse. Placental retention. Uterine infections: metritis, endometritis, pyometra.
Chapter 11. Pathology of the neonate: Effects of obstetrical manipulation on the calf. Traumatisms and lesions of the neonate. Omphalophlebitis. Urachal persistence. Ani and rectum obliteration.
Chapter 12. Male infertility: General alterations. Alterations of scrotum, preputial, penis, testis, epididymis, accessory glands, and alterations of sexual behavior.
BLOCK II.- PATHOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION AND OBSTETRICS IN HORSES (4.5 h)
Chapter 13. Alterations of the estrus cycle, of ovulation, of luteal function and of sexual behavior. Ovarian tumors.
Chapter 14. Pathology of pregnancy: Uterine torsion, hydroalantoides, uterine rupture, prepubic tendon rupture, prolonged pregnancy. Embryo mortality: causes of embryonic origin, causes of maternal origin. Abortion: non-infectious and infectious causes.
Chapter 15. Dystocia: incidence, causes, resolution. Postpartum pathology: placenta retention, metritis-laminitis, hemorrhage, uterine prolapse, uterine rupture, delay of uterine involution, traumatisms of the genital tract.
Chapter 16. Infectious causes of infertility: endometritis, pyometra, contagious equine metritis, coital exanthema.
Chapter 17. Reproductive pathology of the stallion: semen anomalies, infections, physical anomalies. Psychological problems. Common genital surgeries.
BLOCK III.-REPRODUCTIVE PATHOLOGY AND OBSTETRICS IN PIGS (2.5 h)
Chapter 18. Infertility of the sow: anatomic alterations, ovarian pathology, infectious diseases, anestrus, hyperestrogenism.
Chapter 19. Pregnancy loss: non-infectious diseases, infectious diseases, detection and diagnosis.
Chapter 20. Peripartum alterations in the sow: dystocia and obstetrics. Postpartum diseases: placental retention, hematoma, laceration and contusion, uterine prolapse.
BLOCK IV.- REPRODUCTIVE PATHOLOGY AND OBSTETRICS IN DOMESTIC CARNIVORES (5 h)
Chapter 21. Reproductive pathology in the non-pregnant bitch and queen: estrous cycle alterations, cystic endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra complex, congenital and acquired diseases of vagina, vaginal vestibule and vulva.
Chapter 22. Pathology of pregnancy and parturition in the bitch and queen: embryo resorption and abortion, metabolic diseases during pregnancy, dystocia.
Chapter 23. Pathology of the postpartum period: Acute metritis, subinvolution of placental sites, mammary gland alterations. Eclampsia.
Chapter 24. Reproductive pathology of the dog and tom: cryptorchidism, testicular tumors, orchitis and epididymitis, prostatic diseases.
- Derivaux J., Ectors F. Fisiopatología de la gestación y Obstetricia Veterinaria. Ed. Acribia, 1984.
- Hafez ESE. (1996) Reproducción e inseminación artificial en animales. 3ª edición en español. Inte-ramericana McGraw-Hill. México.
- Hopper, RM (2015). Bovine Reproduction. John Wiley & Sons Inc. Iowa. USA
- Joy KP, Krishna A, Haldar C. (1999) Comparative endocrinology and reproduction. Springer-Verlag. Berlín.
- Knobil E, Neill JD. (1994) The Physiology of Reproduction. Second edition. Volumes 1 y 2. Raven Press, New York.
- Knobil E, Neill JD. (1998) Encyclopedia of reproduction. Academic Press. San Diego.
- McDonald LE, Pineda MH (1991). Endocrinología veterinaria y reproducción. Interamericana McGraw-Hill. México.
- Thibault C, Levasseur MC. (1991) La reproduction chez les mammifères et l’homme. INRA. París.
- Senger PL. (2003). Pathways to pregnancy and parturition. Current Conceptions, Inc. 2nd Edition. Washington.
- BLANCHARD, T.L.; VARNER, D.D. Y SCHUMACHER, J. (1998). Manual of equine reproduction. Mosby-Year Book. Inc. St. Louis, Missouri.
- BRINSKO, S.P., BLANCHARD, T.L.,VARNER, D.D., SCHUMACHER, J., LOVE, C.C., HIN-RICHS, K., HARTMAN, D. (2011). Manual of equine reproduction. 3ª Ed. Editorial Mosby else-vier. Maryland Heights, Missouri. Pp. 325.
- JACKSON, P.G.G. (1995). Handbook of veterinary obstetrics. Ed. W.B. Saunders, cop. Lon-don.
- KAHN, W.. Veterinary reproductive ultrasonography. Ed. Mosby-Wolfe, con. London. 1994.
- Ley, B.W. (2004). Broodmare reproduction for the equine practitioner. Editorial Teton NewMe-dia. Jackon, Wyoming. Pp. 255.
- McKINNON, A.O. Y VOSS, J.L. (1993). Equine reproduction. Editorial Willians and Wilkins. EEUU. Pp. 1137.
- International veterinary information service (IVIS). http://www.ivis.org/home.asp
- MARTINAT-BOTTÉ, F.; RENAUD, G.; MADEE, F.; COSTIOU, P. Y TERQUI, M. (2000). Ultrasonography and reproduction in swine: Principles and practical applications. INRA editions. Paris.
- Rodríguez-Estévez, V. (2010). El anestro y la infertilidad estacional de la cerda. Editorial Servet. Navarra. España. Pp. 184.
- Simpson GM, England GCW, Harvey M. (1998) Manual of Small Animal Reproduction and Neonato-logy. British Small Animal Veterinary Association. Cheltenham.
- Burke TJ. (1986). Small animal reproduction and infertility. A clinical approach to diagnosis and tre-atment. Lea and Febiger. Philadelphia.
- QUINTELA, LA; BECERRA, JJ Y HERRADÓN, PG. (2016). Essential guides on cattle farming: Uterine diseases. Ed. Servet-Grupo Asis Biomedia SL. Zaragoza, España. Pp. 69.
1.-General competences:
GVUSC01: learning and adaptation ability
GVUSC02: analysis and synthesis ability
GVUSC03: general knowledge on the work area
GVUSC04: job planning and management
GVUSC05: ability to apply knowledge to practice
GVUSC06: ability for autonomous and team work
GVUSC07: ability to work in an international context
GVUSC08: leadership, initiative and entrepreneurial spirit
GVUSC09: communication abilities in different areas
GVUSC10: ethical commitment and responsibility assumption
2.-Disciplinary specific competences:
CEDVUSC18: Knowledge of the basic procedures to warrant the correct reproductive activity as well as the technological processes and methods for resolution of obstetrical problems.
3.-Professional specific competences:
D1VUSC09: Application of the basic procedures to warrant a correct reproductive activity, the technological processes and methods for resolution of obstetrical problems.
4. Academic specific competences:
CEAVUSC01: analyzing, synthesizing, problem solving and decision making in professional areas of the veterinarian.
CEAVUSC02: exhibiting ethical behavior in the practice of their responsibilities either to the veterinary profession and society.
CEAVUSC03: divulgation of the information obtained during the professional exercise as a veterinarian, with fluency either orally or written, with colleagues, authorities and the society in general.
CEAVUSC04: searching and management of information related to veterinary activity.
CEAVUSC05: knowledge and application of the scientific method in the professional practice including evidence based medicine.
CEAVUSC06: knowing how to search advice and professional help.
CEAVUSC07: having basic knowledge of a foreign language, especially in technical aspects related to veterinary sciences.
CEAVUSC08: being aware of needing updated knowledge, abilities and attitudes of professional competences by means of a permanent education process.
5.-Cross competences:
CTVUSC01: ability for reasoning and argumentation.
CTVUSC02: ability to obtain adequate, diverse and updated information by different media, such as bibliographical information or internet, and critically analyze it.
CTVUSC03: ability to elaborate and present an organized and understandable text.
CTVUSC04: ability to do a clear, coherent and concise public exposition
CTVUSC05: ability for TICs management
CTVUSC06: use and information of foreign language
CTVUSC07: ability for solving problems by the integrated application of knowledge
As this is a subject oriented to veterinary professionals, we intend to accomplish with the following methodological conditions:
a. Keep a balance between acquisition of theoretical knowledge and practical abilities
b. Encourage continuous search of new information: reproduction is not a static discipline but it is continuously evolving, so the student needs to learn how to get new information and analyze it critically.
Inside this structure, we can describe several parts for this course:
A. A first part of theoretical work, in which the professor will expose the chapters included in the program and the student should acquire the basic knowledge of the discipline. The students should complete the assistance to lectures with the reading of recommended texts to increase their knowledge.
B. Practical work: During the course the students should assist and actively participate in the practical sessions of the subject, to learn the practical abilities needed for their future professional exercise.
Supports to the course:
During the whole course, the students will have personal support from the different professors of the discipline, in the timetable assigned to tutorials. It is recommended to assist, at least once for each block of chapters. Virtual support is also provided to enable communication with all the docents by means of e-mail, forums, etc.
Such virtual support is given through the virtual course named Reproducción y Obstetricia Veterinaria II to which all students enrolled in the subject will have access. Complementary information and exam models for self-evaluation will be available in the virtual course.
For the final evaluation of students, all the activities performed during the course will be taken into account. The following aspects will be considered:
1.- Follow-up tests of the expository teaching: several tests will be done during the course to evaluate how the students are following expositive lectures.
2. Active learning and achievements from practical sessions
3. Exam: theoretical and practical knowledge achieved by the students. The written exam will consist of 50 questions, some of them will be test type with multiple answers and some of them will be short assay questions. For the test questions, incorrect answers will never rest points, but for a question to be considered correct all the options chosen should be correct. Only one final exam will be done on the date established in the Academic Programming of the Veterinary Faculty. After publication of the provisional exam notes, students could review their exercises and pose the doubts, suggestions or claims they may consider appropriate. Dates and place for the exam review will be published together with the exam scores.
4. Assay:
-The topic proposed for the work will be announced at the beginning of the course:
-The assay can be done by groups.
-It will account 10% of the final note of the subject, and all the aspects studied will be part of the exam materials.
Final scoring for the subject:
-Follow-up tests of expository lectures: 10%
-Practical sessions: 20%
-Assay: 10%
-Exam: 60%
To pass the subject the student must have a mínimum score of “5” in the written exam; a lower score in the exam cannot be averaged with those of the practical sessions or assay.
Recommendations for recovery
In the case the student does not pass the subject at the first opportunity:
-Scores obtained for all tasks (practical sessions, assays, tests…) will be saved
- Exams of extraordinary calls will have similar formats than for the official call.
- The final note for students examined in extraordinary calls will be similar than for those in official calls.
For cases of fraudulent performance of exercises or tests, the provisions of the Regulations for the evaluation of students' academic performance and the review of qualifications will apply.
Classroom work:
-lectures: 23 h
-clinical practices: 20 h
-small group tutorials: 2 h
-total physical working: 45 h
Personal work:
-individual study: 36 h
-preparation of assays: 15 h
-literature review, library, etc.: 10 h
-assistance to meetings /other recommended activities: 2 h
-oral presentations: 2 h
-exams: 2.5 h
-total personal working: 67.5 h
Total work of the student: 112.5 h
Active assistance to lectures and practical sessions and future reading of recommended texts is strongly advised. Lecture presentations, videos, papers, web sites, etc. will be available in the virtual course. All the contents proposed should be carefully reviewed.
CONTINGENCY PLAN
MODIFICATIONS ACCORDING TO SANITARY SCENARIOS
- Expositive lectures:
Scenario 1:
Will be personally presented to the students in the classrooms arranged by the Veterinary Faculty.
Scenarios 2 and 3:
All the lectures will be taught on-line using the different tools available in the USC (virtual courses, Teams, etc)
- Practical sessions:
Scenario 1:
Will be taught in person, similar as it is stated for expositive lectures in Scenario 1
Scenario 2:
Duration of practical sessions and students number will be adapted to the normative
Session 1 (4 h).- Rectal palpation in cows I. Clinical training to be done in the Veterinary Hospital “Rof Codina”. Students will learn how to exam the genital tract of cows, to distinguish the different parts of the tract and to identify physiological ovarian structures. Practices will be done in 5 student-groups.
Session 2 (4 h).- Rectal palpation in cows II. This session will be done in the same facilities as the previous one, and it is purposed for the students to consolidate what they learned in session 1. Practices will be done in 5 student-groups.
Session 3 (4 h).- Ultrasound examination of the genital tract in cows. Clinical training to be done in the Veterinary Hospital “Rof Codina”. The aim of this session is that students become familiar with the use of ecography for the examination of the genital tract in cows. They should learn the basic knowledge for genital examination, pregnancy diagnosis and fetal sexing. Practices will be done in 5 student-groups.
Session 4 (4 h).- Study of clinical cases on small animal reproduction. Practices will be done in 5 student-groups.
In the case that the farm Gayoso Castro is working, the following changes will be applied:
Session 4 (2 h).- Study of clinical cases on small animal reproduction. Practices will be done in 5 student-groups.
Session 5 (2 h). Diagnosis and resolution of reproductive pathology in cows. Practice to be done in the farm Gayoso Castro. Students will face a variety of reproductive diseases in real conditions. Practices will be done in 5 student-groups.
Scenario 3:
All practical sessions will be suppressed. Instead on-line activities that promote learning will be carried out.
- Evaluation
Scenario 1:
Final score of the subject:
-Follow-up tests of expositive lectures: 10%
-Practical Sessions: 20% of the final score
-Assay: 10%
-Written exam: 60%
To pass the subject students must reach a mínimum score of 5 in the written exam. A lower score in the exam will not be averaged with other scores.
Scenario 2
Final score of the subject:
-Follow-up tests of expositive lectures: 10%
-Practical sessions: 20%
-Assay: 10%
-Exam: 60%. Test on-line to be done through the virtual course. This test will consist of 50 questions of which, most will be multiple choice and a few short answer questions. To pass the subject students must reach a mínimum score of 5 in the exam, otherwise it cannot be averaged with other scores.
Scenario 3:
Final score of the subject:
-Follow-up tests of expositive lectures: 20%
-Practical sessions: 20%
-Assay: 20%
-Exam: 40%. Test on-line to be done through the virtual course. This test will consist of 50 questions of which, most will be multiple choice and a few short answer questions. To pass the subject students must reach a mínimum score of 5 in the exam, otherwise it cannot be averaged with other scores
Luís Ángel Quintela Arias
Coordinador/a- Department
- Animal Pathology
- Area
- Animal Medicine and Surgery
- luisangel.quintela [at] usc.es
- Category
- Professor: University Lecturer
Ana Isabel Peña Martínez
- Department
- Animal Pathology
- Area
- Animal Medicine and Surgery
- ana.pena [at] usc.es
- Category
- Professor: University Lecturer
Juan José Becerra González
- Department
- Animal Pathology
- Area
- Animal Medicine and Surgery
- juanjose.becerra [at] usc.es
- Category
- Professor: Temporary PhD professor
Pedro José García Herradón
- Department
- Animal Pathology
- Area
- Animal Medicine and Surgery
- garcia.herradon [at] usc.es
- Category
- Professor: University Lecturer
Paula Rodriguez Villamayor
- Department
- Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology
- Area
- Genetics
- paularodriguez.villamayor [at] usc.es
- Category
- Xunta Pre-doctoral Contract
Uxia Yañez Ramil
- Department
- Animal Pathology
- Area
- Animal Medicine and Surgery
- uxia.yanez.ramil [at] usc.es
- Category
- Xunta Pre-doctoral Contract
| Monday | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 10:00-12:00 | Grupo /CLI_EEES01 | Galician, Spanish | Clinical Veterinary Hospital |
| Tuesday | |||
| 10:00-12:00 | Grupo /CLI_EEES02 | Galician, Spanish | Clinical Veterinary Hospital |
| Wednesday | |||
| 09:30-13:30 | Grupo /CLI_EEES01 | Spanish, Galician | Virtual classroom |
| 09:30-13:30 | Grupo /CLI_EEES04 | Galician, Spanish | Virtual classroom |
| 18:00-19:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS06 | Galician, Spanish | Virtual classroom |
| 18:00-19:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS08 | Spanish, Galician | Virtual classroom |
| 18:00-19:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS14 | Galician, Spanish | Virtual classroom |
| 18:00-19:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS01 | Spanish, Galician | Virtual classroom |
| 18:00-19:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS07 | Galician, Spanish | Virtual classroom |
| 18:00-19:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS09 | Spanish, Galician | Virtual classroom |
| 18:00-19:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS11 | Galician, Spanish | Virtual classroom |
| 18:00-19:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS04 | Spanish, Galician | Virtual classroom |
| 18:00-19:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS05 | Galician, Spanish | Virtual classroom |
| 18:00-19:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS12 | Galician, Spanish | Virtual classroom |
| 18:00-19:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS02 | Galician, Spanish | Virtual classroom |
| 18:00-19:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS10 | Galician, Spanish | Virtual classroom |
| 18:00-19:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS13 | Galician, Spanish | Virtual classroom |
| 18:00-19:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS03 | Galician, Spanish | Virtual classroom |
| Thursday | |||
| 09:30-13:30 | Grupo /CLI_EEES02 | Galician, Spanish | Virtual classroom |
| 09:30-13:30 | Grupo /CLI_EEES05 | Galician, Spanish | Virtual classroom |
| 18:00-19:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Galician, Spanish | Auditorium |
| Friday | |||
| 09:30-13:30 | Grupo /CLI_EEES03 | Spanish, Galician | Virtual classroom |
| 09:30-13:30 | Grupo /CLI_EEES06 | Spanish, Galician | Virtual classroom |
| 05.31.2021 12:00-14:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Classroom 1 |
| 05.31.2021 12:00-14:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Classroom 2 |
| 05.31.2021 12:00-14:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Classroom 3 |
| 06.30.2021 12:00-14:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Classroom 2 |
| 06.30.2021 12:00-14:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Classroom 3 |