Transcribe the different pronunciations of the following spellings, and provide some examples: <oo>, <g> and <ol>.
| Spelling | Pronunciations | Examples |
| <oo> | 1. usually /uː/ | hoop, booze |
| 2. before k, d/ʊ/ | look, wood | |
| 3. before r /ɔː/ | door, mooring | |
| 4. other minor values: | a. /ʊ/ | wool, foot, soot | b. /oʊ/ | brooch |
| c. /uː/ | food, brood, spook | |
| d. /ʌ/ | blood, flood | e. /ʊə/, /ɒə/ | poor | <g> | 1. before e, i, y, ae, /dʒ/ | gentle, magic, gyrate,page, algae |
| 2. in -gm, gn- or –gn Ø | diaphragm, gnome, signing, reign | |
| 3. elsewhere /ɡ/ | gang, go, great, guest | |
| 4. other minor values: | ||
| a. /ɡ/ | ||
| b. /ʒ/ | get, eager, algae (RP) | |
| c. /ɡ/ | collage, gigue | |
| d. /dʒ/ | signify, repugnant | |
| <g> in <gg> | 5. /ɡ/ | margarine |
| 6. other minor values: | gstagger, flagging | |
| a. /dʒ/ | ||
| <g> in <gh> | 8. elsewhere Ø | ghost, ghastly |
| 9. other minor values: | dough, high, right, daughter | |
| a. /f/ | ||
| b. /p/ | laugh, enough,hiccough | |
| <ol> | 1. in <old> /əʊld/ | blindfold, older, bold |
| minor value: /əld/ | scaffold, kobold | |
| 2. in <olk> /əʊk/ | yolk, folk | |
| 3. in <oll> /ɒl/ | doll, follow, colletc., holler | |
| minor value: /əʊl/ | roll, stroller, polling, tollway | |
| 4. in <olm> /ɒlm/ | olm, dolmen | |
| minor value: /əʊlm/ | enrolment, holmium |
Give all the possible spellings of the following sounds, providing some examples: /uː/, /aɪ/ and /ʧ/.
| Pronunciation | Spellings | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| /uː/ | oo, u, o, u…e, ou, ew, ue, o…e, ui, eu, oeu, oe, ough, wo, ioux, ieu, oup, w, u | tool, luminous, who, flute, soup, jewel, true, lose, fruit, maneuver, manoeuvre (Br. variant of prec.), canoe, through (form. variant of "thru"), two, Sioux, lieutenant, coup, cwm, thru (inf.) |
| /aɪ/ | ae, ai, aie, aille, ais, ay, aye, ei, eigh, ey, eye, i, i…e, ia, ie, ic, ig, igh, is, ui, uy, y…e, ye | maestro, krait, shanghaied, canaille (RP), aisle, kayak, aye, heist, height, geyser (US), eye, mic, fine, diaper,,tie, indict, sign, high, isle, guide, buy, type, bye, chin, nature, batch, bastion (some accents), cello, bocce, putsch, Czech |
| /ʧ/ | ch, t, tch, ti, c, cc, tsch, cz | chin,nature, batch, bastion (some accents), cello, bocce, putsch, Czech |
Homographs. Transcribe the two different pronunciations of the following words:
| 1. conduct | 2. alternate | 3. house | 4. moderate | 5. project |
| 6. does | 7. minute | 8. subject | 9. refuse | 10. polish |
| 11. sow | 12. rebel | 13. read | 14. tear | 15. wind |
| 16. live | 17. wound | 18. close | 19. bow | 20. record |
| 1. /ˈkɒndʌkt/, /kənˈdʌkt/ |
2. /ˈɒltəneɪt/,/ɒlˈtɜːnət/, |
3. /haʊs/, /hauz/ |
4. /ˈmɒdərət/,/mɒˈdəreɪt/ |
5. /ˈprɒdʒəkt/,/prəˈdʒekt/ |
| 6. /dʌz/, /dəʊz/ |
7. /ˈmɪnɪt/,/maɪˈnjuːt/ |
8. /ˈsʌbʤəkt/, /səbˈʤekt/ |
9 . /ˈrefjuːs/,/rɪˈfuːz/ |
10. /ˈpɒlɪʃ/, /ˈpəʊlɪʃ/ |
| 11. /səʊ/, /saʊ/ |
12. /ˈrebl̩/, /rɪˈbel/ |
13. /riːd/, /red/ |
14 . /tɪə/, /teə/ |
15 . /wɪnd/, /waɪnd/ |
| 16. /lɪv/, /laɪv/ |
17. /wʊnd/, /waʊnd/ |
18. /kləʊs/, /kləʊz/ |
19. /bəʊ/, /baʊ/ |
20. /ˈrekəd/, /rɪˈkɔːd/ |
Homophones. The following transcriptions represent a pair of homophones (unless otherwise stated). Give their spellings
| 1. /ˈpræktɪs/ | 2. /fɔːθ/ | 3. /riːd/ | 4. /red/ | 5. /kɔːt/ |
| 6. /sent/ | 7. /ˈaɪdl̩/ | 8 ./nɒt/ | 9. /wɔː/ | 10. /pɔː/ |
| 11. /biːʧ/ | 12. /saɪt/ | 13. /feǝ/ | 14. /fɔːt/ | 15. /ˈfɔ:mǝli/ |
| 16. /hɒʊl/ | 17. /meɪl/ | 18. /rǝud/ | 19. /siː/ | 20. /pɑːst/ |
| 21. /plʌm/ | 22. /piːs/ | 23. /haɪә/ | 24. /nəʊz/ | 25. /bɔːl/ |
| 1. practice, practise |
2. forth, fourth |
3. read, reed |
4. read, red |
5. caught, court |
| 6. sent, scent, cent |
7. idol, idle |
8. not, knot |
9. war, wore |
10. poor, pore, paw, pour |
| 11. beach, beech |
12. sight, cite, site |
13. fair, fare |
14. fort, fought |
15. formerly, formally |
| 16. whole, hole |
17. male, mail |
18. road, rode |
19. see, sea |
20. past, passed |
| 21. plum, plumb |
22. peace, piece |
23. higher, hire |
24. nose, knows |
25. ball, bawl |
Identify the silent consonants in the following words and transcribe them. There is one word which does not contain silent letters.
| 1. climber | 2. blackguard | 3. sigh | 4. honest | 5. Greenwich |
| 6. where | 7. sight | 8. thought | 9. campaing | 10. sandwich |
| 11. kindness | 12. enough | 13. whom | 14. gnostic | 15. yacht |
| 16. muscle | 17. debt | 18. half | 19. heir | 20. psalm |
| 21. ballet | 22. isle | 23. empty | 24. could | 25. subtle |
| 26. tomb | 27. handsome | 28. autumn | 29. castle | 30. undoubtedly |
The word with no silent letters is <enough>.
| 1. /klaɪmə/ |
2. /ˈblӕgɑːd/ |
3. /saɪ/ |
4. /ˈɒnɪst/ |
5. /ˈgrenɪʧ/ |
| 6. /weə/ |
7. /saɪt/ |
8. /ðəʊ/ |
9. /kəmˈpeɪn/ |
10. /ˈsӕnwɪʤ/ |
| 11. /ˈkaɪnnəs/ |
12. /ɪˈnʌf/ |
13 . /huːm/ |
14. /ˈnɒstɪk/ |
15. /jɔːt/ |
| 16. /ˈmʌsl̩/ |
17. /det/ |
18. /hɑːf/ |
19. /eə/ |
20. /sɑːm/ |
| 21. /ˈbӕleɪ/ | 22. /aɪl/ | 23. /ˈemti/ | 24. /kʊd/ | 25. /ˈsʌtl̩/ |
| 26. /tuːm/ | 27. /ˈhӕnsəm/ | 28. /ˈɔːtm̩/ | 29. /ˈkɑːsl̩/ | 30. /ʌnˈdautɪdli/ |