Informal leadership in sports contexts
Authorship
A.A.R.
Psychology
A.A.R.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 11:30
07.14.2025 11:30
Summary
The present study analyzes informal leadership (which emerges spontaneously and must be accepted by others) in the sports context from a psychological perspective, differentiating it from formal leadership (defined by the structure of the group itself), performed by coaches or designated captains. Through a bibliographic review of ten empirical studies published between 2010 and 2024, the project examines the personal characteristics of informal leaders, the conditions that favor their emergence, the types of influence they exert on their peers, and their impact on key group variables such as cohesion, intrinsic motivation, and collective efficacy.
The present study analyzes informal leadership (which emerges spontaneously and must be accepted by others) in the sports context from a psychological perspective, differentiating it from formal leadership (defined by the structure of the group itself), performed by coaches or designated captains. Through a bibliographic review of ten empirical studies published between 2010 and 2024, the project examines the personal characteristics of informal leaders, the conditions that favor their emergence, the types of influence they exert on their peers, and their impact on key group variables such as cohesion, intrinsic motivation, and collective efficacy.
Direction
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Tutorships)
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Tutorships)
Court
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Student’s tutor)
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Student’s tutor)
Social support in alcohol consumption treatment
Authorship
L.A.G.
Psychology
L.A.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Alcohol consumption has an elevated prevalence in Spain and it entails several physical, social and psychological consequences that diminish people’s well-being. It has been established that social support influences alcohol consumption and its treatment. The present systematic review has the objective of examining the role of social support in the treatment for alcohol consumption, as well as its role as a component. In order to search for articles, databases Pubmed and Psycinfo were used, finally including a total of 13 studies. Results show that social support acts as a protective factor against emotional distress, reduces psychological symptoms, it is related to changes in motivational variables and treatment adherence. Among the main interventions that use social support as a component, social network therapies, self-help groups, rehabilitation community centers and those which make use of technology stood out. It was observed that the use of social support as a part of treatment for alcohol consumption influenced in its results, increasing abstinence rates. Analyzing the results obtained reinforces the idea that social support influences treatment success for alcohol consumption. Moreover, several interventions that use social support as a component have been found to be effective and imply a new field for future investigation
Alcohol consumption has an elevated prevalence in Spain and it entails several physical, social and psychological consequences that diminish people’s well-being. It has been established that social support influences alcohol consumption and its treatment. The present systematic review has the objective of examining the role of social support in the treatment for alcohol consumption, as well as its role as a component. In order to search for articles, databases Pubmed and Psycinfo were used, finally including a total of 13 studies. Results show that social support acts as a protective factor against emotional distress, reduces psychological symptoms, it is related to changes in motivational variables and treatment adherence. Among the main interventions that use social support as a component, social network therapies, self-help groups, rehabilitation community centers and those which make use of technology stood out. It was observed that the use of social support as a part of treatment for alcohol consumption influenced in its results, increasing abstinence rates. Analyzing the results obtained reinforces the idea that social support influences treatment success for alcohol consumption. Moreover, several interventions that use social support as a component have been found to be effective and imply a new field for future investigation
Direction
BARROSO HURTADO, MARIA (Tutorships)
BARROSO HURTADO, MARIA (Tutorships)
Court
López Durán, Ana (Chairman)
ALCARAZ GARCIA, MIGUEL ANGEL (Secretary)
Carrillo De la Peña, María Teresa (Member)
López Durán, Ana (Chairman)
ALCARAZ GARCIA, MIGUEL ANGEL (Secretary)
Carrillo De la Peña, María Teresa (Member)
The digital environment, risks and implications: a qualitative study in Galician adolescents.
Authorship
L.A.P.
Psychology
L.A.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 10:30
07.15.2025 10:30
Summary
Relationship, Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) constitute a daily space of socialization for the adolescent population, which is at a particularly vulnerable stage of development. This exposure to risks is aggravated in the digital environment with psychological phenomena such as deindividuation, where anonymity reduces internal restrictions, which can lead to manifestations of digital violence such as cyberbullying, grooming or sexting. Therefore, this study aims to explore the discourse of Galician adolescents on digital violence and their perception of the legal measures proposed in the draft bill. For this purpose, 48 4th ESO students between 15 and 18 years of age (M = 15.67; SD = 0.71), 27 females (56.25%) and 21 males (43.75%) from a secondary school in Santiago de Compostela were divided into 6 discussion groups. The results revealed that adolescents consider maturity, and not chronological age, as the fundamental criterion for establishing rules and consents in the digital environment. Likewise, the perceived seriousness of the act of violence emerges as a requirement for determining the reeducation measure, which varies from awareness-raising to referral to a reeducation center. Finally, although the co-occurrence analysis shows a strong relationship between the concept of digital violence and the legal modifications proposed in the Draft Bill, participants considered these legislative measures easy to circumvent.
Relationship, Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) constitute a daily space of socialization for the adolescent population, which is at a particularly vulnerable stage of development. This exposure to risks is aggravated in the digital environment with psychological phenomena such as deindividuation, where anonymity reduces internal restrictions, which can lead to manifestations of digital violence such as cyberbullying, grooming or sexting. Therefore, this study aims to explore the discourse of Galician adolescents on digital violence and their perception of the legal measures proposed in the draft bill. For this purpose, 48 4th ESO students between 15 and 18 years of age (M = 15.67; SD = 0.71), 27 females (56.25%) and 21 males (43.75%) from a secondary school in Santiago de Compostela were divided into 6 discussion groups. The results revealed that adolescents consider maturity, and not chronological age, as the fundamental criterion for establishing rules and consents in the digital environment. Likewise, the perceived seriousness of the act of violence emerges as a requirement for determining the reeducation measure, which varies from awareness-raising to referral to a reeducation center. Finally, although the co-occurrence analysis shows a strong relationship between the concept of digital violence and the legal modifications proposed in the Draft Bill, participants considered these legislative measures easy to circumvent.
Direction
Novo Pérez, Mercedes (Tutorships)
Novo Pérez, Mercedes (Tutorships)
Court
PEREIRO ROZAS, ARTURO JOSE (Chairman)
BRAÑA TOBIO, MARIA TERESA (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
PEREIRO ROZAS, ARTURO JOSE (Chairman)
BRAÑA TOBIO, MARIA TERESA (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
Between Calm and Chaos: A Review of the Interaction between Parenting and Emotional Regulation in the Context of Childhood and Adolescent ADHD.
Authorship
Y.A.G.
Psychology
Y.A.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a condition associated with behavioral difficulties and psychosocial adjustment challenges during childhood and adolescence. Although research has primarily focused on the core symptoms (inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity) and their pharmacological treatment, the relationship between ADHD and emotional dysregulation has received comparatively less attention. Developmental psychopathology models emphasize the need to integrate the study of emotional regulation (ER) alongside parenting practices, particularly within the context of ADHD. The primary objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between childhood and adolescent ADHD, emotional dysregulation, and parenting practices, while also exploring the potential of mindfulness as an intervention strategy. To this end, a systematic literature review was conducted using scientific databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, and PsycINFO, selecting 15 articles published between 2016 and 2024. The reviewed studies highlight ER as a key component of ADHD. Additionally, they identify parenting practices characterized by warmth, sensitivity, and consistency as protective factors against emotional lability in youth, in contrast to those marked by neglect or inconsistency. Within this framework, parental mindfulness emerges as an innovative intervention capable of reducing ADHD symptoms and strengthening affective bonds between caregivers and children. In conclusion, an integrative approach that includes mindfulness training for both caregivers and children could promote better emotional self-regulation and foster a healthier family environment.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a condition associated with behavioral difficulties and psychosocial adjustment challenges during childhood and adolescence. Although research has primarily focused on the core symptoms (inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity) and their pharmacological treatment, the relationship between ADHD and emotional dysregulation has received comparatively less attention. Developmental psychopathology models emphasize the need to integrate the study of emotional regulation (ER) alongside parenting practices, particularly within the context of ADHD. The primary objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between childhood and adolescent ADHD, emotional dysregulation, and parenting practices, while also exploring the potential of mindfulness as an intervention strategy. To this end, a systematic literature review was conducted using scientific databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, and PsycINFO, selecting 15 articles published between 2016 and 2024. The reviewed studies highlight ER as a key component of ADHD. Additionally, they identify parenting practices characterized by warmth, sensitivity, and consistency as protective factors against emotional lability in youth, in contrast to those marked by neglect or inconsistency. Within this framework, parental mindfulness emerges as an innovative intervention capable of reducing ADHD symptoms and strengthening affective bonds between caregivers and children. In conclusion, an integrative approach that includes mindfulness training for both caregivers and children could promote better emotional self-regulation and foster a healthier family environment.
Direction
VILLAR TORRES, PAULA (Tutorships)
VILLAR TORRES, PAULA (Tutorships)
Court
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Chairman)
Cadaveira Mahía, Fernando (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Chairman)
Cadaveira Mahía, Fernando (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
The influence of alcohol consumption on the adoption of risky sexual behaviors: A literature review
Authorship
A.A.S.
Psychology
A.A.S.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Alcohol consumption has been consistently linked to an increased likelihood of engaging in risky sexual behaviors (RSB), primarily due to its effects on decision-making processes, impulsivity, and risk perception. The present review aims to systematically examine empirical research addressing the relationship between alcohol use and RSB among adolescents and young adults. A total of 15 studies retrieved from the PubMed database were analyzed. Findings indicate that psychological factors such as impulsivity, emotion dysregulation, and alcohol-related expectancies, as well as contextual variables including social pressure and recreational settings, significantly contribute to this association. Additionally, gender differences were identified, with women appearing more susceptible to the influence of emotional and social factors. These results underscore the importance of developing integrative prevention strategies that target both alcohol use and the psychological and situational mechanisms underlying engagement in RSB.
Alcohol consumption has been consistently linked to an increased likelihood of engaging in risky sexual behaviors (RSB), primarily due to its effects on decision-making processes, impulsivity, and risk perception. The present review aims to systematically examine empirical research addressing the relationship between alcohol use and RSB among adolescents and young adults. A total of 15 studies retrieved from the PubMed database were analyzed. Findings indicate that psychological factors such as impulsivity, emotion dysregulation, and alcohol-related expectancies, as well as contextual variables including social pressure and recreational settings, significantly contribute to this association. Additionally, gender differences were identified, with women appearing more susceptible to the influence of emotional and social factors. These results underscore the importance of developing integrative prevention strategies that target both alcohol use and the psychological and situational mechanisms underlying engagement in RSB.
Direction
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Tutorships)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Tutorships)
Court
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Chairman)
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Secretary)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Member)
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Chairman)
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Secretary)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Member)
Exploring Competitive Anxiety in Women's Football: As Celtas (Real Club Celta de Vigo)
Authorship
S.A.A.
Psychology
S.A.A.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 12:00
07.14.2025 12:00
Summary
This study aims to analyze competitive anxiety in female football players, specifically in a sample of 22 athletes from the As Celtas team, which competes in the Spanish Third Division (Tercera RFEF). Two key dimensions were assessed: trait anxiety, using the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2), and state anxiety, through the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 Revised (CSAI-2R). A quantitative, cross-sectional, and correlational design was applied to explore relationships between anxiety variables and factors such as age, experience, and playing position. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations, ANOVA, t tests, and multiple regression. Results showed that cognitive anxiety was the most prominent component, both as a trait and as a state. A very strong correlation was found between the cognitive anxiety dimensions of the SAS-2 and CSAI-2R, and a moderate correlation was observed between their somatic components. In contrast, the disruption of concentration dimension (referred to in this study as “distraction”) did not significantly relate to any state anxiety variables, and self-confidence was not predicted by any trait anxiety factor. No significant differences were found regarding age, experience, or playing position. The findings highlight the relevance of assessing the different components of competitive anxiety and support the use of validated instruments to identify psychological profiles in high-performance sports contexts. Moreover, this study provides useful evidence for designing individualized psychological interventions and promoting more conscious emotional preparation in women’s sports.
This study aims to analyze competitive anxiety in female football players, specifically in a sample of 22 athletes from the As Celtas team, which competes in the Spanish Third Division (Tercera RFEF). Two key dimensions were assessed: trait anxiety, using the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2), and state anxiety, through the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 Revised (CSAI-2R). A quantitative, cross-sectional, and correlational design was applied to explore relationships between anxiety variables and factors such as age, experience, and playing position. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations, ANOVA, t tests, and multiple regression. Results showed that cognitive anxiety was the most prominent component, both as a trait and as a state. A very strong correlation was found between the cognitive anxiety dimensions of the SAS-2 and CSAI-2R, and a moderate correlation was observed between their somatic components. In contrast, the disruption of concentration dimension (referred to in this study as “distraction”) did not significantly relate to any state anxiety variables, and self-confidence was not predicted by any trait anxiety factor. No significant differences were found regarding age, experience, or playing position. The findings highlight the relevance of assessing the different components of competitive anxiety and support the use of validated instruments to identify psychological profiles in high-performance sports contexts. Moreover, this study provides useful evidence for designing individualized psychological interventions and promoting more conscious emotional preparation in women’s sports.
Direction
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Tutorships)
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Tutorships)
Court
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Student’s tutor)
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Student’s tutor)
Fear of Missing Out (FoMo), problematic digital use and psychological well-being in young adults
Authorship
M.L.A.B.
Psychology
M.L.A.B.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
The use of technology is widespread in today’s society. Consequently, numerous studies have focused on exploring how its problematic use may have negative consequences on mental health, particularly among young people. In this context, the present study aims to analyze the relationship between problematic Internet and mobile phone use, digital usage time, the Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) phenomenon, psychopathological symptomatology variables (depression, anxiety and stress) and psychological well-being in young adults. For this, purpose, a quantitative, cross-sectional, and non-experimental study was conducted with a sample of 134 participants aged between 18 and 29 years, residing in Spain. Data collection was carried out by means of an online questionnaire that included validated scales for the evaluation of the variables mentioned above. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations, and ANOVA tests with SPSS software. The results showed that FoMO, problematic technology use, and psychopathological symptoms are positively and significantly related. Furthermore, negative associations were found between these variables and dimensions of well-being such as self-acceptance, autonomy, and environmental mastery. These findings highlight the importance of promoting a conscious and healthy use of technology and reinforcing protective factors such as self-acceptance to foster positive mental health in the young population.
The use of technology is widespread in today’s society. Consequently, numerous studies have focused on exploring how its problematic use may have negative consequences on mental health, particularly among young people. In this context, the present study aims to analyze the relationship between problematic Internet and mobile phone use, digital usage time, the Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) phenomenon, psychopathological symptomatology variables (depression, anxiety and stress) and psychological well-being in young adults. For this, purpose, a quantitative, cross-sectional, and non-experimental study was conducted with a sample of 134 participants aged between 18 and 29 years, residing in Spain. Data collection was carried out by means of an online questionnaire that included validated scales for the evaluation of the variables mentioned above. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations, and ANOVA tests with SPSS software. The results showed that FoMO, problematic technology use, and psychopathological symptoms are positively and significantly related. Furthermore, negative associations were found between these variables and dimensions of well-being such as self-acceptance, autonomy, and environmental mastery. These findings highlight the importance of promoting a conscious and healthy use of technology and reinforcing protective factors such as self-acceptance to foster positive mental health in the young population.
Direction
MARTINEZ VISPO, CARMELA (Tutorships)
MARTINEZ VISPO, CARMELA (Tutorships)
Court
BECOÑA IGLESIAS, ELISARDO (Chairman)
REDONDO LAGO, JAIME MAURO (Secretary)
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Member)
BECOÑA IGLESIAS, ELISARDO (Chairman)
REDONDO LAGO, JAIME MAURO (Secretary)
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Member)
Return to Work after Absence due to Common Mental Disorders A Literature Review from the Employee Perspective
Authorship
M.L.A.B.
Psychology
M.L.A.B.
Psychology
Defense date
02.13.2025 10:30
02.13.2025 10:30
Summary
Common mental disorders represent one of the main causes of work absenteeism with a significant impact on both workers and organizations. Return to work due to these disorders being a complex process that requires a comprehensive approach to address the barriers, facilitators and resources, which are necessary to allow sustainable reintegration. The main objective of this work was to review the available scientific evidence on returning to work after an absence due to common mental disorders, focusing on the worker's perspective, and seeking to identify both the facilitating factors and obstacles that affect return to work. The results reveal that the return to work process involves a complex interaction of barriers and facilitators that influence workers' experiences throughout the different phases of reintegration, from initial return to the sustainability of work participation. Among the most prominent barriers are the lack of appropriate accommodations in the work environment, the stigma associated with mental health conditions and the absence of structured support. On the contrary, the most relevant facilitators include the adaptation of tasks and schedules, social support from supervisors and colleagues, and clear and effective communication. In conclusion, the results of this study emphasize the importance of a comprehensive approach that considers both work and personal aspects to effectively support workers with common mental disorders in their return to work and sustainability.
Common mental disorders represent one of the main causes of work absenteeism with a significant impact on both workers and organizations. Return to work due to these disorders being a complex process that requires a comprehensive approach to address the barriers, facilitators and resources, which are necessary to allow sustainable reintegration. The main objective of this work was to review the available scientific evidence on returning to work after an absence due to common mental disorders, focusing on the worker's perspective, and seeking to identify both the facilitating factors and obstacles that affect return to work. The results reveal that the return to work process involves a complex interaction of barriers and facilitators that influence workers' experiences throughout the different phases of reintegration, from initial return to the sustainability of work participation. Among the most prominent barriers are the lack of appropriate accommodations in the work environment, the stigma associated with mental health conditions and the absence of structured support. On the contrary, the most relevant facilitators include the adaptation of tasks and schedules, social support from supervisors and colleagues, and clear and effective communication. In conclusion, the results of this study emphasize the importance of a comprehensive approach that considers both work and personal aspects to effectively support workers with common mental disorders in their return to work and sustainability.
Direction
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Tutorships)
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Tutorships)
Court
Mirón Redondo, María Lourdes (Chairman)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Secretary)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Member)
Mirón Redondo, María Lourdes (Chairman)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Secretary)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Member)
Drug use in adolescents: a qualitative analysis
Authorship
P.A.R.
Psychology
P.A.R.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 11:00
07.15.2025 11:00
Summary
The initiation of substance use during adolescence is a priority public health challenge: national surveys show an increasingly earlier onset, a progressive loss of risk perception and the coexistence of discourses of acceptance and warning. Based on this diagnosis, the aim is to examine the motivations, risk factors and preventive resources perceived by Galician adolescents in relation to substance use in their reference group. For this purpose, seven discussion groups were developed, composed of 29 students. The results show that alcohol, tobacco and cannabis are conceived as ‘normal’ substances despite the recognition of their addictive power; the main motivations refer to the avoidance of emotional discomfort, the search for intense sensations and peer group pressure; accessibility, nightlife and media trivialisation reinforce these patterns, while a limited supply of healthy alternatives increases vulnerability. Nevertheless, adolescents themselves point to protective spaces: school talks, family accompaniment, sports activities and a strategic and preventive use of social networks. These findings are transferable to practice as a form of prevention, which invites future research to delve deeper into this phenomenon of great social relevance for the adolescent population.
The initiation of substance use during adolescence is a priority public health challenge: national surveys show an increasingly earlier onset, a progressive loss of risk perception and the coexistence of discourses of acceptance and warning. Based on this diagnosis, the aim is to examine the motivations, risk factors and preventive resources perceived by Galician adolescents in relation to substance use in their reference group. For this purpose, seven discussion groups were developed, composed of 29 students. The results show that alcohol, tobacco and cannabis are conceived as ‘normal’ substances despite the recognition of their addictive power; the main motivations refer to the avoidance of emotional discomfort, the search for intense sensations and peer group pressure; accessibility, nightlife and media trivialisation reinforce these patterns, while a limited supply of healthy alternatives increases vulnerability. Nevertheless, adolescents themselves point to protective spaces: school talks, family accompaniment, sports activities and a strategic and preventive use of social networks. These findings are transferable to practice as a form of prevention, which invites future research to delve deeper into this phenomenon of great social relevance for the adolescent population.
Direction
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Tutorships)
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Tutorships)
Court
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Student’s tutor)
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Student’s tutor)
The effects of alcohol on verbal episodic memory in adolescent and young adult populations
Authorship
C.A.B.
Psychology
C.A.B.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:30
07.16.2025 10:30
Summary
Introduction: Heavy alcohol consumption, known as binge drinking (BD), has become increasingly relevant in the field of public health, especially due to its prevalence among young people and adolescents. This pattern of consumption coincides with critical stages of brain development, which has raised concerns about its effects on essential cognitive functions, such as memory. Objective: To analyse the existing scientific evidence on the effects of alcohol consumption on verbal episodic memory in young adults and adolescents. Methodology: A systematic literature review was conducted in the PubMed database, selecting articles published between 2015 and March 2025. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to ensure the relevance of the articles to the objective of the study. A total of 12 empirical studies, both longitudinal and cross-sectional, were included. Results: The studies analysed suggest an association between BD and lower performance in immediate and delayed free recall tasks, as well as lower effectiveness in the use of mnemonic techniques. Some studies report alterations in brain activity related to verbal information retrieval. Longitudinal evidence suggests that these deficits may persist if the pattern of consumption continues, although there are indications of cognitive recovery if this behaviour ceases. Conclusions: Binge drinking during key stages of cognitive development is associated with alterations in verbal episodic memory, both functionally and structurally.
Introduction: Heavy alcohol consumption, known as binge drinking (BD), has become increasingly relevant in the field of public health, especially due to its prevalence among young people and adolescents. This pattern of consumption coincides with critical stages of brain development, which has raised concerns about its effects on essential cognitive functions, such as memory. Objective: To analyse the existing scientific evidence on the effects of alcohol consumption on verbal episodic memory in young adults and adolescents. Methodology: A systematic literature review was conducted in the PubMed database, selecting articles published between 2015 and March 2025. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to ensure the relevance of the articles to the objective of the study. A total of 12 empirical studies, both longitudinal and cross-sectional, were included. Results: The studies analysed suggest an association between BD and lower performance in immediate and delayed free recall tasks, as well as lower effectiveness in the use of mnemonic techniques. Some studies report alterations in brain activity related to verbal information retrieval. Longitudinal evidence suggests that these deficits may persist if the pattern of consumption continues, although there are indications of cognitive recovery if this behaviour ceases. Conclusions: Binge drinking during key stages of cognitive development is associated with alterations in verbal episodic memory, both functionally and structurally.
Direction
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Tutorships)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Tutorships)
Court
VAZQUEZ GONZALEZ, FERNANDO LINO (Chairman)
CID FERNANDEZ, SUSANA (Secretary)
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Member)
VAZQUEZ GONZALEZ, FERNANDO LINO (Chairman)
CID FERNANDEZ, SUSANA (Secretary)
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Member)
Study of bullying and cyberbullying among university students and its relationship to mental health
Authorship
A.A.P.
Psychology
A.A.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
Bullying and cyberbullying have been identified as forms of peer violence that have significant effects on psycho-emotional health. Most research on the subject has focused on primary and secondary education levels, considering that there is less risk in the university context. However, some studies have warned that the incidence of bullying in university settings is significant and has negative psychological consequences. This study was developed in this context, analyzing both traditional and digital bullying, taking into account the prevalence of potential victims and bullies in the university population and the associated psychological consequences. The hypothesis is that bullying, in any of its forms, is associated with higher levels of psychological symptoms. To this end, a quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 100 students. Validated instruments were used to assess bullying (Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire), cyberbullying (European Cyberbullying Intervention Project Questionnaire), and psychological symptoms (Symptom Checklist 90 - Revised). The results showed a high incidence of cyberbullying (73.7%) and traditional bullying (42.4%), as well as a significant association with different types of psychological symptoms. In conclusion, these findings show that bullying continues in university education, so there is a need to develop specific interventions for the university environment that promote the prevention, detection, and treatment of bullying, aimed at protecting the mental health of students.
Bullying and cyberbullying have been identified as forms of peer violence that have significant effects on psycho-emotional health. Most research on the subject has focused on primary and secondary education levels, considering that there is less risk in the university context. However, some studies have warned that the incidence of bullying in university settings is significant and has negative psychological consequences. This study was developed in this context, analyzing both traditional and digital bullying, taking into account the prevalence of potential victims and bullies in the university population and the associated psychological consequences. The hypothesis is that bullying, in any of its forms, is associated with higher levels of psychological symptoms. To this end, a quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 100 students. Validated instruments were used to assess bullying (Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire), cyberbullying (European Cyberbullying Intervention Project Questionnaire), and psychological symptoms (Symptom Checklist 90 - Revised). The results showed a high incidence of cyberbullying (73.7%) and traditional bullying (42.4%), as well as a significant association with different types of psychological symptoms. In conclusion, these findings show that bullying continues in university education, so there is a need to develop specific interventions for the university environment that promote the prevention, detection, and treatment of bullying, aimed at protecting the mental health of students.
Direction
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Tutorships)
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Tutorships)
Court
IGLESIAS CRIADO, MARIA DEL MAR (Chairman)
Taboada Ares, Eva María (Secretary)
VARELA MALLOU, JESUS (Member)
IGLESIAS CRIADO, MARIA DEL MAR (Chairman)
Taboada Ares, Eva María (Secretary)
VARELA MALLOU, JESUS (Member)
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder in the Perinatal Period: assessment, prevalence and course
Authorship
M.B.T.
Psychology
M.B.T.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is characterized by obsessions and compulsions that generate prominent levels of distress and interference. The perinatal period is particularly vulnerable for its onset, as it involves important biological and psychosocial changes. This systematic review aims to analyze the assessment, prevalence and course of OCD during the perinatal period. To this end, a search was carried out in PsycINFO, Pubmed and Web of Science. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, the articles found were screened and 15 studies were finally selected for analysis. The results showed a high use of general psychopathological assessment instruments (12 studies), such as the MINI or the SCL-90-R. In comparison, specific instruments to assess obsessive-compulsive symptomatology were less used, both in general population (five studies), using scales such as the YBOCS, and in the perinatal population (two studies), using scales such as the POCS. The diagnostic prevalence in the perinatal period was 8,2% and symptomatologic prevalence ranged from 9,8% to 60,8%. During pregnancy, diagnostic prevalence ranged from 2,9% to 11,4% and symptomatologic prevalence from 6,4% to 39,5%. In postpartum, diagnostic prevalence ranged from 3,3% to 14% and symptomatologic prevalence ranged from 10,9% to 17,1%. Regarding the course, results are heterogeneous. During pregnancy, some studies report a worsening, while others highlight a progressive improvement. In the postpartum period, an increase in prevalence is observed in the first months, which subsequently tends to progressively improve. It is concluded that there is no standardized use of instruments to assess OCD in the perinatal period, with a predominance of general psychopathology instruments and the MINI being the most widely used. Regarding the course of the disorder, the available data is insufficient and contradictory, mainly due to the lack of longitudinal studies. These results are in line with previous systematic reviews and suggest the need for further research on the diagnosis of OCD in the perinatal period.
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is characterized by obsessions and compulsions that generate prominent levels of distress and interference. The perinatal period is particularly vulnerable for its onset, as it involves important biological and psychosocial changes. This systematic review aims to analyze the assessment, prevalence and course of OCD during the perinatal period. To this end, a search was carried out in PsycINFO, Pubmed and Web of Science. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, the articles found were screened and 15 studies were finally selected for analysis. The results showed a high use of general psychopathological assessment instruments (12 studies), such as the MINI or the SCL-90-R. In comparison, specific instruments to assess obsessive-compulsive symptomatology were less used, both in general population (five studies), using scales such as the YBOCS, and in the perinatal population (two studies), using scales such as the POCS. The diagnostic prevalence in the perinatal period was 8,2% and symptomatologic prevalence ranged from 9,8% to 60,8%. During pregnancy, diagnostic prevalence ranged from 2,9% to 11,4% and symptomatologic prevalence from 6,4% to 39,5%. In postpartum, diagnostic prevalence ranged from 3,3% to 14% and symptomatologic prevalence ranged from 10,9% to 17,1%. Regarding the course, results are heterogeneous. During pregnancy, some studies report a worsening, while others highlight a progressive improvement. In the postpartum period, an increase in prevalence is observed in the first months, which subsequently tends to progressively improve. It is concluded that there is no standardized use of instruments to assess OCD in the perinatal period, with a predominance of general psychopathology instruments and the MINI being the most widely used. Regarding the course of the disorder, the available data is insufficient and contradictory, mainly due to the lack of longitudinal studies. These results are in line with previous systematic reviews and suggest the need for further research on the diagnosis of OCD in the perinatal period.
Direction
Míguez Varela, María del Carmen (Tutorships)
Míguez Varela, María del Carmen (Tutorships)
Court
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Chairman)
GOMEZ FRAGUELA, Xosé Antón (Secretary)
JIMENEZ GARCIA, LUIS MIGUEL (Member)
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Chairman)
GOMEZ FRAGUELA, Xosé Antón (Secretary)
JIMENEZ GARCIA, LUIS MIGUEL (Member)
Episodic memory in healthy aging
Authorship
D.B.P.
Psychology
D.B.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
This study is framed within the investigation of episodic memory in healthy aging. Based on classical memory models and research on cognitive decline, it delves into the functioning of episodic memory, which is particularly vulnerable to the passage of time. The main objective of the study is to analyze how age affects performance in a word recognition task in adults over 49 years old, distinguishing between three age groups: up to 59 years, between 60 and 70, and over 70 years old. The central hypothesis suggests that the cognitive performance of this type of memory will decline with age, both in terms of accuracy and response speed. To test this hypothesis, a verbal recognition paradigm was used, involving both new and old words, across two phases: immediate memory and delayed memory. The sample consisted of 129 cognitively healthy adults, recruited as part of the longitudinal CompAS study. Statistical analyses (ANCOVA) revealed a significant effect of age group on most variables, showing lower cognitive performance and slower reaction times in older participants. Furthermore, years of education emerged as an influential covariate in some measures. The results support the hypothesis of age-related cognitive decline and highlight the importance of investigating interindividual variability in healthy aging.
This study is framed within the investigation of episodic memory in healthy aging. Based on classical memory models and research on cognitive decline, it delves into the functioning of episodic memory, which is particularly vulnerable to the passage of time. The main objective of the study is to analyze how age affects performance in a word recognition task in adults over 49 years old, distinguishing between three age groups: up to 59 years, between 60 and 70, and over 70 years old. The central hypothesis suggests that the cognitive performance of this type of memory will decline with age, both in terms of accuracy and response speed. To test this hypothesis, a verbal recognition paradigm was used, involving both new and old words, across two phases: immediate memory and delayed memory. The sample consisted of 129 cognitively healthy adults, recruited as part of the longitudinal CompAS study. Statistical analyses (ANCOVA) revealed a significant effect of age group on most variables, showing lower cognitive performance and slower reaction times in older participants. Furthermore, years of education emerged as an influential covariate in some measures. The results support the hypothesis of age-related cognitive decline and highlight the importance of investigating interindividual variability in healthy aging.
Direction
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Tutorships)
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Tutorships)
Court
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Chairman)
AMENEDO LOSADA, MARIA ELENA (Secretary)
Vazquez Rodriguez, Maria Isabel (Member)
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Chairman)
AMENEDO LOSADA, MARIA ELENA (Secretary)
Vazquez Rodriguez, Maria Isabel (Member)
Influence of affective polarization and other collective action frameworks on the intention to participate in protests on March 8
Authorship
M.B.M.
Psychology
M.B.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Feminist mobilizations, particularly those held on International Women’s Day (8M), have driven a series of social advances in the struggle for gender equality. For this reason, the present study aims to analyze the psychosocial factors that motivate and guide participation in this type of collective action. Through a questionnaire completed by a sample of 186 Galician women aged between 18 and 65, the influence of perceived injustice, perceived efficacy, identity, past participation, and affective polarization on the intention to engage in both conventional and non-conventional forms of collective action was examined. Based on this framework, three specific objectives and their corresponding hypotheses were formulated. The results revealed statistically significant associations between several of the studied dimensions, most notably cognitive injustice, collective identity, and affective polarization. Furthermore, the ANOVA analysis indicated that the level of past participation in 8M demonstrations is a key dimension for understanding what drives individuals to take part in protest contexts.
Feminist mobilizations, particularly those held on International Women’s Day (8M), have driven a series of social advances in the struggle for gender equality. For this reason, the present study aims to analyze the psychosocial factors that motivate and guide participation in this type of collective action. Through a questionnaire completed by a sample of 186 Galician women aged between 18 and 65, the influence of perceived injustice, perceived efficacy, identity, past participation, and affective polarization on the intention to engage in both conventional and non-conventional forms of collective action was examined. Based on this framework, three specific objectives and their corresponding hypotheses were formulated. The results revealed statistically significant associations between several of the studied dimensions, most notably cognitive injustice, collective identity, and affective polarization. Furthermore, the ANOVA analysis indicated that the level of past participation in 8M demonstrations is a key dimension for understanding what drives individuals to take part in protest contexts.
Direction
PICON PRADO, EDUARDO (Tutorships)
PICON PRADO, EDUARDO (Tutorships)
Court
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Chairman)
Cadaveira Mahía, Fernando (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Chairman)
Cadaveira Mahía, Fernando (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
Relationship between frequency of use of social media and loneliness in adolescents: a quick review
Authorship
Z.B.P.
Psychology
Z.B.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 10:30
07.15.2025 10:30
Summary
The main objective of this Final Degree Project is to analyse whether there is a relationship between the frecuency of use of social medial and feelings of loneliness in adolescence. To achieve this objective, a rapid review of the scientific literature was carried out using scpecific search strategies for each database consulted (Scopus, Web of Science (WOS) and PubMed). A total of six studies were selected, according to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Half of the investigations concludes that there is a positive association between the two variables, suggesting that a higher frequency of social media use may act as a risk factor for loneliness. However, other contradictory results were found, with two studies finding no statiscally significant relationship and one study arguing for a possible negative relationship between the variables, that is, the social network use may be a protective factor for loneliness. The selected studies also explored the influence of variables such as gender, socioeconomic status or cultural context. In addition, some studies emphasized the possible impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on this relationship. In short, the findings of this Final Degree Project contribute to a more holistic, up-to-date and critical view of the impact of social media in adolescence, emphasis the importance of preventive intervetions and highlight the need for future longitudinal and culturally diverse research.
The main objective of this Final Degree Project is to analyse whether there is a relationship between the frecuency of use of social medial and feelings of loneliness in adolescence. To achieve this objective, a rapid review of the scientific literature was carried out using scpecific search strategies for each database consulted (Scopus, Web of Science (WOS) and PubMed). A total of six studies were selected, according to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Half of the investigations concludes that there is a positive association between the two variables, suggesting that a higher frequency of social media use may act as a risk factor for loneliness. However, other contradictory results were found, with two studies finding no statiscally significant relationship and one study arguing for a possible negative relationship between the variables, that is, the social network use may be a protective factor for loneliness. The selected studies also explored the influence of variables such as gender, socioeconomic status or cultural context. In addition, some studies emphasized the possible impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on this relationship. In short, the findings of this Final Degree Project contribute to a more holistic, up-to-date and critical view of the impact of social media in adolescence, emphasis the importance of preventive intervetions and highlight the need for future longitudinal and culturally diverse research.
Direction
Gómez Salgado, Patricia (Tutorships)
Gómez Salgado, Patricia (Tutorships)
Court
PEREIRO ROZAS, ARTURO JOSE (Chairman)
BRAÑA TOBIO, MARIA TERESA (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
PEREIRO ROZAS, ARTURO JOSE (Chairman)
BRAÑA TOBIO, MARIA TERESA (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
Methodological analysis of satisfaction with public services and municipal management in Lugo.
Authorship
D.B.G.
Psychology
D.B.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 11:00
07.14.2025 11:00
Summary
The presence of high quality municipal services is essential for citizens well being. Therefore, local governments must work to improve public satisfaction by providing effective and efficient services. This study aims to analyze the perceived quality of municipal services in Lugo (Spain) and its influence on citizen satisfaction, using a combined approach based on the SERVQUAL model and Importance Performance Analysis (IPA). The goal is to identify services that require no intervention, areas of potential resource overallocation, critical weaknesses, and low priority areas, in order to develop data driven improvement strategies. A questionnaire based on SERVQUAL and IPA was administered to a convenience sample of 250 residents over 18 years old (M = 46.84; SD = 14.97; 115 men and 134 women). The instrument measured importance, expectations, performance, general satisfaction, and sociodemographic variables. The results reveal a generalized dissatisfaction regarding citizens’ expectations, with noticeable differences across attributes and dimensions. Critical areas requiring urgent action such as services for the elderly and disabled or street maintenance were identified in the “Concentrate Here” quadrant. In contrast, services like waste management, street lighting, and senior centers were recognized as well performing and should be maintained. The study also detected areas where resource allocation may exceed their perceived relevance. These findings provide useful insights for the Lugo City Council to optimize municipal resources and implement targeted improvement plans.
The presence of high quality municipal services is essential for citizens well being. Therefore, local governments must work to improve public satisfaction by providing effective and efficient services. This study aims to analyze the perceived quality of municipal services in Lugo (Spain) and its influence on citizen satisfaction, using a combined approach based on the SERVQUAL model and Importance Performance Analysis (IPA). The goal is to identify services that require no intervention, areas of potential resource overallocation, critical weaknesses, and low priority areas, in order to develop data driven improvement strategies. A questionnaire based on SERVQUAL and IPA was administered to a convenience sample of 250 residents over 18 years old (M = 46.84; SD = 14.97; 115 men and 134 women). The instrument measured importance, expectations, performance, general satisfaction, and sociodemographic variables. The results reveal a generalized dissatisfaction regarding citizens’ expectations, with noticeable differences across attributes and dimensions. Critical areas requiring urgent action such as services for the elderly and disabled or street maintenance were identified in the “Concentrate Here” quadrant. In contrast, services like waste management, street lighting, and senior centers were recognized as well performing and should be maintained. The study also detected areas where resource allocation may exceed their perceived relevance. These findings provide useful insights for the Lugo City Council to optimize municipal resources and implement targeted improvement plans.
Direction
PICON PRADO, EDUARDO (Tutorships)
PICON PRADO, EDUARDO (Tutorships)
Court
PICON PRADO, EDUARDO (Student’s tutor)
PICON PRADO, EDUARDO (Student’s tutor)
Individual differences in decision-making
Authorship
E.B.L.
Psychology
E.B.L.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Alexithymia and interoception play a key role in the processing and interpretation of emotional experiences and stimuli, and even though historically they have been conceptualized as two sides of the same coin, they are now understood as two independent personality traits. An interoception moderation role has been found on alexithymia effects, both on anxiety symptoms and on the appearance of the cognitive bias known as risk aversion. Based on the postulates of dual-process theories, that differentiate between two types of cognitive processes, one fast, intuitive and emotionally guided, and another one slow, deliberate and rational, and the power that emotions have to determine which kind of process influences our judgment and decision-making, this work aims to deepen into the role that alexithymia and interoception play in decision-making. For that purpose, it has been studied how responses to a moral dilemma and a causal inference task differ depending on the level of these personality traits. Results didn´t show the expected moderation effects, however, moral judgments showed a significant correlation to both alexithymia and interoception, and utilitarism was linked to a more precise causal judgement.
Alexithymia and interoception play a key role in the processing and interpretation of emotional experiences and stimuli, and even though historically they have been conceptualized as two sides of the same coin, they are now understood as two independent personality traits. An interoception moderation role has been found on alexithymia effects, both on anxiety symptoms and on the appearance of the cognitive bias known as risk aversion. Based on the postulates of dual-process theories, that differentiate between two types of cognitive processes, one fast, intuitive and emotionally guided, and another one slow, deliberate and rational, and the power that emotions have to determine which kind of process influences our judgment and decision-making, this work aims to deepen into the role that alexithymia and interoception play in decision-making. For that purpose, it has been studied how responses to a moral dilemma and a causal inference task differ depending on the level of these personality traits. Results didn´t show the expected moderation effects, however, moral judgments showed a significant correlation to both alexithymia and interoception, and utilitarism was linked to a more precise causal judgement.
Direction
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Tutorships)
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Tutorships)
Court
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Chairman)
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Secretary)
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Member)
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Chairman)
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Secretary)
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Member)
The procces of parental forgiveness and psychological well-being in young people.
Authorship
S.B.R.
Psychology
S.B.R.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 11:30
07.15.2025 11:30
Summary
The study of forgiveness, as a psychological construct, and its therapeutic benefits have been gaining relevance in recent decades, leaving behind its religious conceptualization. Scientific literature has demonstrated the healing power of forgiveness, and late adolescence has also been identified as an important period for its study. Under this premise, the present study aimed to examine the process of forgiveness toward young people's parents and the possible relationship between this and psychoemotional well-being, as well as whether there are gender-mediated differences. To this end, a sample of 192 university students from various Galician universities was used to administer a series of measurement instruments. The results showed significant differences between sexes in most dimensions of psychopathological symptoms, but the same were not found in psychological well-being. Significant differences were also found between the level of forgiveness (high/low) psychopathological symptoms, and psychological well-being. Considering the limitations of the research, these results were consistent with previous literature, corroborating the idea of the healing properties of forgiveness. Finally, the importance of strengthening this line of research was also highlighted.
The study of forgiveness, as a psychological construct, and its therapeutic benefits have been gaining relevance in recent decades, leaving behind its religious conceptualization. Scientific literature has demonstrated the healing power of forgiveness, and late adolescence has also been identified as an important period for its study. Under this premise, the present study aimed to examine the process of forgiveness toward young people's parents and the possible relationship between this and psychoemotional well-being, as well as whether there are gender-mediated differences. To this end, a sample of 192 university students from various Galician universities was used to administer a series of measurement instruments. The results showed significant differences between sexes in most dimensions of psychopathological symptoms, but the same were not found in psychological well-being. Significant differences were also found between the level of forgiveness (high/low) psychopathological symptoms, and psychological well-being. Considering the limitations of the research, these results were consistent with previous literature, corroborating the idea of the healing properties of forgiveness. Finally, the importance of strengthening this line of research was also highlighted.
Direction
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Tutorships)
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Tutorships)
Court
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Student’s tutor)
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Student’s tutor)
Maternal grief in adult daughters: affective bond, types of grief, and psychotherapeutic intervention proposals
Authorship
S.B.T.
Psychology
S.B.T.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 12:00
07.15.2025 12:00
Summary
This paper explores grief in adult daughters after the death of their mother, from a psychological perspective. It analyzes attachment styles, types of grief, and their expression depending on the mother-daughter bond. Through a literature review, various explanatory models are discussed, and psychotherapeutic approaches adapted to the type of grief and prior relationship are proposed.
This paper explores grief in adult daughters after the death of their mother, from a psychological perspective. It analyzes attachment styles, types of grief, and their expression depending on the mother-daughter bond. Through a literature review, various explanatory models are discussed, and psychotherapeutic approaches adapted to the type of grief and prior relationship are proposed.
Direction
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Tutorships)
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Tutorships)
Court
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Student’s tutor)
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Student’s tutor)
Quantitative study on the perception of violence and sexual consent among the university population
Authorship
L.B.V.
Psychology
L.B.V.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Sexual violence is a social and public health problem that has increased in recent years, especially among the youth population. This situation has led to the development of various public policies, notably the Organic Law 10/2022 on the comprehensive guarantee of sexual freedom. This regulation introduced the concept of sexual consent as a key element in assessing the commission of a sexual offense, although there is no consensus on its definition in legal and scientific fields. In this context, the present research aims to explore university students’ perceptions and attitudes regarding violence and sexual consent. The study involved 179 students (149 women and 30 men), aged between 18 and 28, selected through accidental sampling. Data collection was carried out via an online questionnaire disseminated through social media, with voluntary participation and informed consent. Participants were classified into two groups based on their sexual experience. Those who reported having sexual experience completed the external and internal sexual consent scales, as well as the scale of acceptance of modern myths about sexual aggression; those without such experience answered only the latter. The results showed significant differences between men and women in the expression of external and internal consent. Likewise, a higher acceptance of myths about sexual aggression was identified among heterosexual individuals compared to bisexual individuals. These findings highlight the importance of understanding how university students perceive sexual consent and the need to strengthen prevention strategies.
Sexual violence is a social and public health problem that has increased in recent years, especially among the youth population. This situation has led to the development of various public policies, notably the Organic Law 10/2022 on the comprehensive guarantee of sexual freedom. This regulation introduced the concept of sexual consent as a key element in assessing the commission of a sexual offense, although there is no consensus on its definition in legal and scientific fields. In this context, the present research aims to explore university students’ perceptions and attitudes regarding violence and sexual consent. The study involved 179 students (149 women and 30 men), aged between 18 and 28, selected through accidental sampling. Data collection was carried out via an online questionnaire disseminated through social media, with voluntary participation and informed consent. Participants were classified into two groups based on their sexual experience. Those who reported having sexual experience completed the external and internal sexual consent scales, as well as the scale of acceptance of modern myths about sexual aggression; those without such experience answered only the latter. The results showed significant differences between men and women in the expression of external and internal consent. Likewise, a higher acceptance of myths about sexual aggression was identified among heterosexual individuals compared to bisexual individuals. These findings highlight the importance of understanding how university students perceive sexual consent and the need to strengthen prevention strategies.
Direction
Novo Pérez, Mercedes (Tutorships)
Novo Pérez, Mercedes (Tutorships)
Court
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Chairman)
PICON PRADO, EDUARDO (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Chairman)
PICON PRADO, EDUARDO (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
Psychological Impact on Victims of Sexual Violence
Authorship
I.B.C.
Psychology
I.B.C.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:00
07.07.2025 10:00
Summary
Sexual violence is understood as any non-consensual sexual act, encompassing a wide variety of events. Currently, it is a global problem, as between 12% and 25% of women report being victims of this violence. This entails serious short- and long-term physical and psychological consequences, with this type of act having more mental consequences than other traumas. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to analyze the psychological impact and the areas affected as a result of experiencing sexual violence. Furthermore, the profile of victims and aggressors was analyzed, along with the characteristics of the event. To this end, a sample of 86 university participants was used, who were administered an ad hoc questionnaire on various issues related to the field of sexual violence. The results showed significant differences in symptoms such as sleep problems, difficulty making decisions, or enjoying activities, when comparing the group that had experienced sexual violence with those that had not. Furthermore, it was found that experiencing sexual violence is associated with experiencing psychological damage. Additionally, regarding the sex of the victim and the aggressor, it was found that the victim is usually female and the aggressor male. Despite the study's limitations, it is concluded that further research is needed on this issue and its real impact on victims, in order to offer a therapeutic approach tailored to their needs.
Sexual violence is understood as any non-consensual sexual act, encompassing a wide variety of events. Currently, it is a global problem, as between 12% and 25% of women report being victims of this violence. This entails serious short- and long-term physical and psychological consequences, with this type of act having more mental consequences than other traumas. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to analyze the psychological impact and the areas affected as a result of experiencing sexual violence. Furthermore, the profile of victims and aggressors was analyzed, along with the characteristics of the event. To this end, a sample of 86 university participants was used, who were administered an ad hoc questionnaire on various issues related to the field of sexual violence. The results showed significant differences in symptoms such as sleep problems, difficulty making decisions, or enjoying activities, when comparing the group that had experienced sexual violence with those that had not. Furthermore, it was found that experiencing sexual violence is associated with experiencing psychological damage. Additionally, regarding the sex of the victim and the aggressor, it was found that the victim is usually female and the aggressor male. Despite the study's limitations, it is concluded that further research is needed on this issue and its real impact on victims, in order to offer a therapeutic approach tailored to their needs.
Direction
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Tutorships)
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Tutorships)
Court
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Student’s tutor)
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Student’s tutor)
The effects of emotion regulation on alcohol use in adolescent and emerging adult populations
Authorship
A.B.S.
Psychology
A.B.S.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:30
07.16.2025 10:30
Summary
Adolescence and emerging adulthood are periods characterized by greater emotional vulnerability and an increased risk of substance use, especially alcohol. Among the involved factors, emotional regulation (ER) has been identified as a possible predictor of problematic use. This study analyses the relationship between ER and alcohol consumption in adolescent and emerging adult populations through a review of recent scientific literature. For this purpose, the PRISMA guidelines were followed, and the PsychINFO and PubMed databases were consulted, selecting 17 quantitative studies published between 2019 and 2025 that examined this relationship in individuals aged 10 to 29. The findings suggest that difficulties in ER may be associated with more frequent, rapid, and problematic alcohol use. In particular, strategies such as cognitive reappraisal appear to have a protective effect, while others such as emotional suppression are linked to greater risk. Additionally, variables such as impulsivity, affect and subclinical symptomatology have been individually related to alcohol consumption. Notable differences were observed according to sex and age: males tend to consume more frequently and in larger quantities, while females report more negative consequences. Adolescents, in turn, show greater emotional and behavioural difficulties than emerging adults, suggesting increased vulnerability in earlier developmental stages. These findings reinforce the need to design preventive strategies tailored to the developmental stage and psychosocial context of youth.
Adolescence and emerging adulthood are periods characterized by greater emotional vulnerability and an increased risk of substance use, especially alcohol. Among the involved factors, emotional regulation (ER) has been identified as a possible predictor of problematic use. This study analyses the relationship between ER and alcohol consumption in adolescent and emerging adult populations through a review of recent scientific literature. For this purpose, the PRISMA guidelines were followed, and the PsychINFO and PubMed databases were consulted, selecting 17 quantitative studies published between 2019 and 2025 that examined this relationship in individuals aged 10 to 29. The findings suggest that difficulties in ER may be associated with more frequent, rapid, and problematic alcohol use. In particular, strategies such as cognitive reappraisal appear to have a protective effect, while others such as emotional suppression are linked to greater risk. Additionally, variables such as impulsivity, affect and subclinical symptomatology have been individually related to alcohol consumption. Notable differences were observed according to sex and age: males tend to consume more frequently and in larger quantities, while females report more negative consequences. Adolescents, in turn, show greater emotional and behavioural difficulties than emerging adults, suggesting increased vulnerability in earlier developmental stages. These findings reinforce the need to design preventive strategies tailored to the developmental stage and psychosocial context of youth.
Direction
MARTINEZ VISPO, CARMELA (Tutorships)
MARTINEZ VISPO, CARMELA (Tutorships)
Court
ROMERO TRIÑANES, ESTRELLA (Chairman)
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Secretary)
Gómez Salgado, Patricia (Member)
ROMERO TRIÑANES, ESTRELLA (Chairman)
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Secretary)
Gómez Salgado, Patricia (Member)
Parking the trolley. The Foreign Language Effect on moral decision making: a systematic review
Authorship
I.B.G.
Psychology
I.B.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Research on bilinguals reports an increased tendency to embrace utilitarian choices when moral dilemmas are presented in a second language, which is known as the Foreign Language Effect (FLE). This review gathers the main findings concerning such phenomenon, aiming to analyze its moderating factors and putative underlying mechanisms. An exhaustive search was conducted via Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science and PsycINFO. This led to the inclusion of 19 papers, published between April 2014 and February 2025, which compare the choices made on moral dilemmas that were elicited in participants’ first and second languages. Studies showed that scenarios where direct personal force is required (e. g., pushing a man towards a runaway trolley in order to save five people) predict FLE, though not consistently so. The effect is broadly attenuated when L2 proficiency and context of use are similar to those of L1, which might underline the role that language plays when accessing social and cultural moral norms.
Research on bilinguals reports an increased tendency to embrace utilitarian choices when moral dilemmas are presented in a second language, which is known as the Foreign Language Effect (FLE). This review gathers the main findings concerning such phenomenon, aiming to analyze its moderating factors and putative underlying mechanisms. An exhaustive search was conducted via Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science and PsycINFO. This led to the inclusion of 19 papers, published between April 2014 and February 2025, which compare the choices made on moral dilemmas that were elicited in participants’ first and second languages. Studies showed that scenarios where direct personal force is required (e. g., pushing a man towards a runaway trolley in order to save five people) predict FLE, though not consistently so. The effect is broadly attenuated when L2 proficiency and context of use are similar to those of L1, which might underline the role that language plays when accessing social and cultural moral norms.
Direction
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Tutorships)
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Tutorships)
Court
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Chairman)
Sampedro Vizcaya, María José (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Member)
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Chairman)
Sampedro Vizcaya, María José (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Member)
Alcohol and emotional regulation
Authorship
L.C.C.
Psychology
L.C.C.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Heavy alcohol consumption is a serious health problem, especially in the university population. Findings from various studies indicated that difficulties with emotional regulation and related factors, such as alexithymia, impulsivity, and emotional coping, played a fundamental role in the development and maintenance of alcohol consumption. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between emotional regulation and heavy alcohol consumption, as well as the psychological factors involved in this relationship. A search was conducted in the PubMed and Web of Science databases on March 19, 2025, selecting empirical articles focused on university students. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 16 articles were reviewed. The results showed that difficulties with emotional regulation were a strong risk factor for alcohol consumption. Impulsivity and difficulty maintaining emotional goals were associated with risky drinking and more episodes of intoxication. Other psychological factors, such as anxiety, were also linked to consumption, primarily through emotional coping motives. In conclusion, the evidence presented in this study reinforced the idea that emotional regulation and associated psychological factors were key to the prevention and treatment of heavy alcohol use.
Heavy alcohol consumption is a serious health problem, especially in the university population. Findings from various studies indicated that difficulties with emotional regulation and related factors, such as alexithymia, impulsivity, and emotional coping, played a fundamental role in the development and maintenance of alcohol consumption. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between emotional regulation and heavy alcohol consumption, as well as the psychological factors involved in this relationship. A search was conducted in the PubMed and Web of Science databases on March 19, 2025, selecting empirical articles focused on university students. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 16 articles were reviewed. The results showed that difficulties with emotional regulation were a strong risk factor for alcohol consumption. Impulsivity and difficulty maintaining emotional goals were associated with risky drinking and more episodes of intoxication. Other psychological factors, such as anxiety, were also linked to consumption, primarily through emotional coping motives. In conclusion, the evidence presented in this study reinforced the idea that emotional regulation and associated psychological factors were key to the prevention and treatment of heavy alcohol use.
Direction
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Tutorships)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Tutorships)
Court
CUTRIN MOSTEIRO, OLALLA (Chairman)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Secretary)
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Member)
CUTRIN MOSTEIRO, OLALLA (Chairman)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Secretary)
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Member)
Effectiveness of virtual reality techniques for the treatment of chronic pain
Authorship
A.C.P.
Psychology
A.C.P.
Psychology
Defense date
02.13.2025 10:30
02.13.2025 10:30
Summary
Chronic pain affects the quality of life of those who suffer from it, not only due to the limitations associated with pain and comorbid symptoms, but also because it affects social relationships and work status. There are numerous forms of treatment, but lately virtual reality (VR) is on the rise, as it provides the ability to recreate pain experiences more easily, as well as a distraction factor that helps the patient better cope with the pain situation. This systematic review focuses on analyzing the effectiveness of VR techniques to treat chronic pain. For this purpose, a search was carried out in the PsychInfo and PubMed databases, with which 10 articles were selected based on the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. The work was carried out following the PRISMA methodology, and the risk of bias of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane tool for randomized trials. The mayority of the results obtained showed that, in general, and despite the heterogeneity of the procedures used, VR is effective in treating chronic pain, achieving a reduction in the intensity of the participants' pain. The chronic pain condition with the best results was low back pain, while for fibromyalgia, VR was not effective. The evidence obtained is robust since the risk of bias of the studies was low, except for the blind condition, which is difficult to achieve given the nature of the intervention. In conclusion, VR appears effective in treating chronic pain. However, it would be important, for future research, to have a standardized procedure that would allow more generalizable and comparable conclusions between studies to be drawn.
Chronic pain affects the quality of life of those who suffer from it, not only due to the limitations associated with pain and comorbid symptoms, but also because it affects social relationships and work status. There are numerous forms of treatment, but lately virtual reality (VR) is on the rise, as it provides the ability to recreate pain experiences more easily, as well as a distraction factor that helps the patient better cope with the pain situation. This systematic review focuses on analyzing the effectiveness of VR techniques to treat chronic pain. For this purpose, a search was carried out in the PsychInfo and PubMed databases, with which 10 articles were selected based on the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. The work was carried out following the PRISMA methodology, and the risk of bias of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane tool for randomized trials. The mayority of the results obtained showed that, in general, and despite the heterogeneity of the procedures used, VR is effective in treating chronic pain, achieving a reduction in the intensity of the participants' pain. The chronic pain condition with the best results was low back pain, while for fibromyalgia, VR was not effective. The evidence obtained is robust since the risk of bias of the studies was low, except for the blind condition, which is difficult to achieve given the nature of the intervention. In conclusion, VR appears effective in treating chronic pain. However, it would be important, for future research, to have a standardized procedure that would allow more generalizable and comparable conclusions between studies to be drawn.
Direction
Carrillo De la Peña, María Teresa (Tutorships)
Carrillo De la Peña, María Teresa (Tutorships)
Court
PONTE FERNANDEZ, DOLORES (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
PONTE FERNANDEZ, DOLORES (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
Strategic teaching aimed at students with learning difficulties.
Authorship
A.C.M.
Psychology
A.C.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 12:00
07.07.2025 12:00
Summary
The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of strategic teaching on the learning of students with reading and math difficulties, through a systematic review of studies published between 2000 and 2024. It is based on the recognition that these difficulties constitute one of the main challenges of the education system, as they affect not only academic performance but also the personal, emotional, and social development of students. To address this issue, 12 studies were reviewed that implemented structured, explicit instructional interventions tailored to the needs of these students. The results reflect a general improvement in students' academic performance. In the area of reading, strategies such as peer tutoring and collaborative strategic reading stood out, showing positive effects on reading comprehension, especially in students with difficulties. In addition, progress was observed in phonological skills, reading accuracy, and vocabulary acquisition through multi-component programs that combine explicit teaching and systematic practice. In mathematics, the most effective interventions combined teacher modeling, guided practice, visual aids, technological support resources, and metacognitive strategies. Programs such as Solve It! or the concrete-representational-abstract approach showed progress in both operational fluency and conceptual understanding. Overall, it is concluded that strategic interventions promote deeper, more autonomous, and more equitable learning. However, methodological limitations are noted, such as the use of small samples or the limited evaluation of variables such as motivation and self-regulation, which are key aspects to consider in future research.
The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of strategic teaching on the learning of students with reading and math difficulties, through a systematic review of studies published between 2000 and 2024. It is based on the recognition that these difficulties constitute one of the main challenges of the education system, as they affect not only academic performance but also the personal, emotional, and social development of students. To address this issue, 12 studies were reviewed that implemented structured, explicit instructional interventions tailored to the needs of these students. The results reflect a general improvement in students' academic performance. In the area of reading, strategies such as peer tutoring and collaborative strategic reading stood out, showing positive effects on reading comprehension, especially in students with difficulties. In addition, progress was observed in phonological skills, reading accuracy, and vocabulary acquisition through multi-component programs that combine explicit teaching and systematic practice. In mathematics, the most effective interventions combined teacher modeling, guided practice, visual aids, technological support resources, and metacognitive strategies. Programs such as Solve It! or the concrete-representational-abstract approach showed progress in both operational fluency and conceptual understanding. Overall, it is concluded that strategic interventions promote deeper, more autonomous, and more equitable learning. However, methodological limitations are noted, such as the use of small samples or the limited evaluation of variables such as motivation and self-regulation, which are key aspects to consider in future research.
Direction
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Tutorships)
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Tutorships)
Court
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Student’s tutor)
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Student’s tutor)
Relationship Between Nicotine Addiction and Cognitive Interference Measured with the Smoking Stroop Test
Authorship
M.C.G.
Psychology
M.C.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:00
07.14.2025 10:00
Summary
Tobacco use remains one of the most widespread addictions globally, with significant impacts not only on physical health but also on cognitive functioning. This review aims to analyze the existing scientific literature on the relationship between nicotine addiction and cognitive interference as assessed by the Smoking Stroop Test. It explores how craving, an intense and uncontrollable urge to consume a substance, and tobacco use influence performance on tasks requiring inhibitory control and selective attention, which are key components of executive functioning. The bibliographic search was conducted between January and March 2025 in PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Google Scholar, with no strict time limit. Inclusion criteria focused on empirical studies involving smokers or abstinent individuals using the Smoking Stroop Test. Peer-reviewed articles available in full text were prioritized. Findings consistently show that smokers exhibit greater cognitive interference in response to tobacco-related stimuli, particularly under conditions of abstinence or high craving. This effect is typically reflected in slower reaction times and reduced attentional efficiency during the task. These results suggest the presence of an automatic attentional bias toward smoking-related cues. The review concludes that the Smoking Stroop Test is a valuable tool to assess attentional bias related to craving and executive function impairment in smokers, offering valuable insights for the prevention and treatment of nicotine dependence.
Tobacco use remains one of the most widespread addictions globally, with significant impacts not only on physical health but also on cognitive functioning. This review aims to analyze the existing scientific literature on the relationship between nicotine addiction and cognitive interference as assessed by the Smoking Stroop Test. It explores how craving, an intense and uncontrollable urge to consume a substance, and tobacco use influence performance on tasks requiring inhibitory control and selective attention, which are key components of executive functioning. The bibliographic search was conducted between January and March 2025 in PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Google Scholar, with no strict time limit. Inclusion criteria focused on empirical studies involving smokers or abstinent individuals using the Smoking Stroop Test. Peer-reviewed articles available in full text were prioritized. Findings consistently show that smokers exhibit greater cognitive interference in response to tobacco-related stimuli, particularly under conditions of abstinence or high craving. This effect is typically reflected in slower reaction times and reduced attentional efficiency during the task. These results suggest the presence of an automatic attentional bias toward smoking-related cues. The review concludes that the Smoking Stroop Test is a valuable tool to assess attentional bias related to craving and executive function impairment in smokers, offering valuable insights for the prevention and treatment of nicotine dependence.
Direction
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Tutorships)
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Tutorships)
Court
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Student’s tutor)
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Student’s tutor)
Evaluation of socio-emotional difficulties according to the severity of Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authorship
S.C.C.
Psychology
S.C.C.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 11:00
07.07.2025 11:00
Summary
This study analyzes the differences in the socio-emotional behaviors of boys and girls with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) based on the level of support associated with the diagnosis. ASD is characterized by deficits in social interaction, communication, and the presence of repetitive behavior patterns, and it is classified into three levels according to the required support. The research explores key aspects such as social interaction, communication, emotional regulation, and social adaptation, all of which are affected to varying degrees depending on the severity of ASD. To understand these differences, three theoretical frameworks are considered: Theory of Mind, Central Coherence Theory, and Executive Function Deficit Theory. These perspectives help identify more effective intervention strategies tailored to the different levels of support. The study is based on a systematized review of scientific literature published over the last ten years to analyze the correlation between ASD severity and socio-emotional difficulties. The results suggest a positive relationship between the level of support and the degree of socio-emotional challenges, highlighting the need for differentiated intervention approaches. As an original contribution, a questionnaire was designed for caregivers of children with ASD to assess socio-emotional difficulties according to the level of required support. It consists of 20 items distributed across four key areas and has been validated by experts, who highlighted its usefulness and suggested improvements. This tool complements the theoretical framework and has practical applications in clinical, educational, and family settings.
This study analyzes the differences in the socio-emotional behaviors of boys and girls with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) based on the level of support associated with the diagnosis. ASD is characterized by deficits in social interaction, communication, and the presence of repetitive behavior patterns, and it is classified into three levels according to the required support. The research explores key aspects such as social interaction, communication, emotional regulation, and social adaptation, all of which are affected to varying degrees depending on the severity of ASD. To understand these differences, three theoretical frameworks are considered: Theory of Mind, Central Coherence Theory, and Executive Function Deficit Theory. These perspectives help identify more effective intervention strategies tailored to the different levels of support. The study is based on a systematized review of scientific literature published over the last ten years to analyze the correlation between ASD severity and socio-emotional difficulties. The results suggest a positive relationship between the level of support and the degree of socio-emotional challenges, highlighting the need for differentiated intervention approaches. As an original contribution, a questionnaire was designed for caregivers of children with ASD to assess socio-emotional difficulties according to the level of required support. It consists of 20 items distributed across four key areas and has been validated by experts, who highlighted its usefulness and suggested improvements. This tool complements the theoretical framework and has practical applications in clinical, educational, and family settings.
Direction
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Tutorships)
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Tutorships)
Court
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Student’s tutor)
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Student’s tutor)
Adjustment difficulties on adopted children: manifestation of behavioral issues and risk factors
Authorship
S.C.C.
Psychology
S.C.C.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
The aim of this project is to conduct a literature review of existing studies on the behavioral development of adopted children. As well as the pre- and post-adoptive risk and protective factors on their psychosocial adjustment. The research was conducted in the PsycInfo database and resulted in a total of 99 articles, which were ultimately reduced to 16 after a thorough review. The selected studies include both longitudinal and crossectional designs and generally use standardized instruments, parent-reported questionnaires are the most frequently employed. The research indicates that adopted children show behavioral problems, both internalizing and externalizing, more frequently than the general population. These difficulties are mainly related to pre-adoptive adverse experiences such as abuse, neglect, or prolonged institutionalization. Findings also show that various post-adoptive factors, such as warm parenting and an authoritative parenting style within the adoptive family environment, are associated with better behavioral and emotional adjustment. The interaction between these different variables largely determines the child’s long-term development. Ultimately, these findings highlight the importance of designing interventions that support adopted children and adoptive families from a preventive and psychoeducational perspective.
The aim of this project is to conduct a literature review of existing studies on the behavioral development of adopted children. As well as the pre- and post-adoptive risk and protective factors on their psychosocial adjustment. The research was conducted in the PsycInfo database and resulted in a total of 99 articles, which were ultimately reduced to 16 after a thorough review. The selected studies include both longitudinal and crossectional designs and generally use standardized instruments, parent-reported questionnaires are the most frequently employed. The research indicates that adopted children show behavioral problems, both internalizing and externalizing, more frequently than the general population. These difficulties are mainly related to pre-adoptive adverse experiences such as abuse, neglect, or prolonged institutionalization. Findings also show that various post-adoptive factors, such as warm parenting and an authoritative parenting style within the adoptive family environment, are associated with better behavioral and emotional adjustment. The interaction between these different variables largely determines the child’s long-term development. Ultimately, these findings highlight the importance of designing interventions that support adopted children and adoptive families from a preventive and psychoeducational perspective.
Direction
CASTRO BALSA, MARIA JOSEFA (Tutorships)
Villar García, Eva (Co-tutorships)
CASTRO BALSA, MARIA JOSEFA (Tutorships)
Villar García, Eva (Co-tutorships)
Court
CASTRO BALSA, MARIA JOSEFA (Student’s tutor)
Villar García, Eva (Student’s tutor)
CASTRO BALSA, MARIA JOSEFA (Student’s tutor)
Villar García, Eva (Student’s tutor)
Interventions to prevent the abusive use of the Internet in adolescents
Authorship
T.C.A.
Psychology
T.C.A.
Psychology
Defense date
02.13.2025 10:30
02.13.2025 10:30
Summary
Internet abuse has increased significantly in the adolescent age group, giving rise to concerns about its repercussions. In view of this situation, there is a need to implement preventive programmes that address this problem at an early stage. The aim of this paper is to analyse the existence of programmes designed to prevent Internet addiction in adolescents and to obtain information on their effectiveness. For this purpose, a systematic review was carried out in three databases, identifying nine articles that met the defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. According to the results obtained, most of the studies reviewed indicate that preventive programmes are effective in reducing Internet misuse, abuse or addiction in adolescents, with eight of the nine programmes reviewed showing positive results. Furthermore, several of these studies incorporate additional variables such as social skills, mental health, academic motivation and self-regulation, also showing positive effects in these areas. Therefore, it is concluded that a preventive treatment of this phenomenon is possible and that the preventive programmes implemented so far are useful to prevent the development of Internet addiction in adolescents.
Internet abuse has increased significantly in the adolescent age group, giving rise to concerns about its repercussions. In view of this situation, there is a need to implement preventive programmes that address this problem at an early stage. The aim of this paper is to analyse the existence of programmes designed to prevent Internet addiction in adolescents and to obtain information on their effectiveness. For this purpose, a systematic review was carried out in three databases, identifying nine articles that met the defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. According to the results obtained, most of the studies reviewed indicate that preventive programmes are effective in reducing Internet misuse, abuse or addiction in adolescents, with eight of the nine programmes reviewed showing positive results. Furthermore, several of these studies incorporate additional variables such as social skills, mental health, academic motivation and self-regulation, also showing positive effects in these areas. Therefore, it is concluded that a preventive treatment of this phenomenon is possible and that the preventive programmes implemented so far are useful to prevent the development of Internet addiction in adolescents.
Direction
CUTRIN MOSTEIRO, OLALLA (Tutorships)
CUTRIN MOSTEIRO, OLALLA (Tutorships)
Court
PONTE FERNANDEZ, DOLORES (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
PONTE FERNANDEZ, DOLORES (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
Effects of cannabis on memory and attention in young consumers
Authorship
I.C.C.
Psychology
I.C.C.
Psychology
Defense date
02.13.2025 10:30
02.13.2025 10:30
Summary
Introduction: Cannabis is the most widely used illegal drug among adolescents in Spain. Early use produces changes in the structure and development of the brain, which has not yet completed its maturation, thus adolescence is a particularly vulnerable period. Objective: To identify and describe the effects of cannabis use on cognitive functions related to attention and memory in a population of adolescents and young adults. Method: A systematic literature review was carried out during November and December 2024. Eligibility criteria and search terms were defined, and the search began in the Web of Science, Dialnet, PubMed and Cochrane databases. After the search, 8 studies were selected to be included in the review. Results: Both memory and attention are impaired by cannabis use during adolescence. Episodic memory, verbal memory, selective attention and sustained attention show a poorer performance. However, the alerting system appeared to improve in the cannabis users, along with the processing speed. After a period of abstinence, the adolescent brain may be able to recover memory functions, but attention might require more time. Conclusions: More longitudinal studies are needed to investigate brain functioning under the influence of cannabis over time. Further research is also required to understand cannabis effects separately from alcohol and tobacco use, as these substances are frequently consumed alongside cannabis.
Introduction: Cannabis is the most widely used illegal drug among adolescents in Spain. Early use produces changes in the structure and development of the brain, which has not yet completed its maturation, thus adolescence is a particularly vulnerable period. Objective: To identify and describe the effects of cannabis use on cognitive functions related to attention and memory in a population of adolescents and young adults. Method: A systematic literature review was carried out during November and December 2024. Eligibility criteria and search terms were defined, and the search began in the Web of Science, Dialnet, PubMed and Cochrane databases. After the search, 8 studies were selected to be included in the review. Results: Both memory and attention are impaired by cannabis use during adolescence. Episodic memory, verbal memory, selective attention and sustained attention show a poorer performance. However, the alerting system appeared to improve in the cannabis users, along with the processing speed. After a period of abstinence, the adolescent brain may be able to recover memory functions, but attention might require more time. Conclusions: More longitudinal studies are needed to investigate brain functioning under the influence of cannabis over time. Further research is also required to understand cannabis effects separately from alcohol and tobacco use, as these substances are frequently consumed alongside cannabis.
Direction
Cadaveira Mahía, Fernando (Tutorships)
Cadaveira Mahía, Fernando (Tutorships)
Court
PONTE FERNANDEZ, DOLORES (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
PONTE FERNANDEZ, DOLORES (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
Anxiety in renal patients undergoing Renal Replacement Therapy: differences between patients on Dialylis and those with a Kidney Transplant.
Authorship
M.C.L.
Psychology
M.C.L.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:30
07.16.2025 10:30
Summary
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is characterized by a structural or functional renal alteration that has health implications and constitutes a public health issue, affecting approximately 10% of the global population. It is often accompanied by high levels of anxiety, especially in advanced stages, where Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) is required; this may include Hemodialysis (HD), Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) or Kidney Transplantation (KT); all of which entail significant changes in patients’ lives. The objective of this literature review is to determine the differences in anxiety symptomatology or anxiety disorders among CDK patients, depending on the type of RRT they receive. A systematic search was conducted in the PsycInfo, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases; covering the period from 01/01/2015 to 01/01/2025, and 9 studies were selected that examine differences in anxiety among CDK patients undergoing various RTT modalities. After reviewing these articles, the results suggest that transplanted patients generally exhibit lower levels of anxiety symptoms and anxiety disorders compared to those undergoing dialysis, particularly HD. However, the available evidence is limited, in some cases contradictory, and with poor control of sociodemographic and clinical variables.
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is characterized by a structural or functional renal alteration that has health implications and constitutes a public health issue, affecting approximately 10% of the global population. It is often accompanied by high levels of anxiety, especially in advanced stages, where Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) is required; this may include Hemodialysis (HD), Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) or Kidney Transplantation (KT); all of which entail significant changes in patients’ lives. The objective of this literature review is to determine the differences in anxiety symptomatology or anxiety disorders among CDK patients, depending on the type of RRT they receive. A systematic search was conducted in the PsycInfo, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases; covering the period from 01/01/2015 to 01/01/2025, and 9 studies were selected that examine differences in anxiety among CDK patients undergoing various RTT modalities. After reviewing these articles, the results suggest that transplanted patients generally exhibit lower levels of anxiety symptoms and anxiety disorders compared to those undergoing dialysis, particularly HD. However, the available evidence is limited, in some cases contradictory, and with poor control of sociodemographic and clinical variables.
Direction
Vazquez Rodriguez, Maria Isabel (Tutorships)
Vazquez Rodriguez, Maria Isabel (Tutorships)
Court
ROMERO TRIÑANES, ESTRELLA (Chairman)
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Secretary)
Gómez Salgado, Patricia (Member)
ROMERO TRIÑANES, ESTRELLA (Chairman)
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Secretary)
Gómez Salgado, Patricia (Member)
Relationship between social media use and anxiety-depressive problems in children and adolescents
Authorship
A.J.C.G.
Psychology
A.J.C.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Given the increasing use of social media (SM) and its potential for addiction, significant concern has arisen regarding its effects on the mental health of young people, who are at a critical stage of emotional and social development. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to determine the nature of the relationship between anxious-depressive symptomatology and social media use among children and adolescents. Five databases were consulted (MedLine, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science), resulting in the selection of 26 studies published between 2014 and 2024 that included child and adolescent populations. The findings reveal a significant association between problematic use of these digital platforms and increased symptoms of depression and anxiety. Notably, the type of interaction on social media (active versus passive use), lived experiences, and social comparisons are key factors influencing young people's perception and emotional well-being. Additionally, psychological variables such as self-esteem, emotional intelligence, self- compassion, and rumination serve as mediators and/or moderators in this relationship. In conclusion, this systematic review underscores the importance of implementing prevention and intervention strategies focused on the mental health of the child and adolescent population. Such interventions should address not only the risks associated with problematic social media use but also promote healthy use of these platforms, particularly among youth already exhibiting anxious-depressive symptoms. Based on these findings, the need to further investigate this issue is emphasized, including the development of theoretical models to explain the underlying mechanisms and promoting a comprehensive approach that considers both the positive and negative aspects of social media use.
Given the increasing use of social media (SM) and its potential for addiction, significant concern has arisen regarding its effects on the mental health of young people, who are at a critical stage of emotional and social development. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to determine the nature of the relationship between anxious-depressive symptomatology and social media use among children and adolescents. Five databases were consulted (MedLine, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science), resulting in the selection of 26 studies published between 2014 and 2024 that included child and adolescent populations. The findings reveal a significant association between problematic use of these digital platforms and increased symptoms of depression and anxiety. Notably, the type of interaction on social media (active versus passive use), lived experiences, and social comparisons are key factors influencing young people's perception and emotional well-being. Additionally, psychological variables such as self-esteem, emotional intelligence, self- compassion, and rumination serve as mediators and/or moderators in this relationship. In conclusion, this systematic review underscores the importance of implementing prevention and intervention strategies focused on the mental health of the child and adolescent population. Such interventions should address not only the risks associated with problematic social media use but also promote healthy use of these platforms, particularly among youth already exhibiting anxious-depressive symptoms. Based on these findings, the need to further investigate this issue is emphasized, including the development of theoretical models to explain the underlying mechanisms and promoting a comprehensive approach that considers both the positive and negative aspects of social media use.
Direction
ROMERO TRIÑANES, ESTRELLA (Tutorships)
ROMERO TRIÑANES, ESTRELLA (Tutorships)
Court
Alzate García, Mónica (Chairman)
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Secretary)
CORRAL VARELA, MARIA MONTSERRAT (Member)
Alzate García, Mónica (Chairman)
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Secretary)
CORRAL VARELA, MARIA MONTSERRAT (Member)
Addiction to Social Media: A Literature Review
Authorship
A.C.P.
Psychology
A.C.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 11:00
07.07.2025 11:00
Summary
The use of social media has become deeply integrated into everyday life, particularly among adolescents and young adults, leading to new forms of interaction but also significant risks to mental health. Social media addiction (SMA) is understood as a pattern of compulsive and uncontrolled use that negatively affects psychological well-being, social relationships, and academic performance. The studies reviewed in this work agree that factors such as the pursuit of immediate gratification, loneliness, stress, and poor emotional regulation play key roles in the development of SMA. Significant correlations have also been found with symptoms of anxiety, aggression, and psychological distress, especially in contexts such as the COVID-19 lockdown. Adolescence, a stage of high brain plasticity, is especially vulnerable to these behaviors due to increased sensitivity to social rewards and prolonged exposure to digital platforms. From a psychometric perspective, specific tools have been validated to assess this type of addiction, such as the ARS scale and the BSMAS, which have shown reliability across diverse cultural contexts. Current evidence highlights the need for preventive strategies, educational programs for responsible use, and therapeutic approaches focused on digital balance, emotional self-regulation, and the strengthening of personal and social protective factors.
The use of social media has become deeply integrated into everyday life, particularly among adolescents and young adults, leading to new forms of interaction but also significant risks to mental health. Social media addiction (SMA) is understood as a pattern of compulsive and uncontrolled use that negatively affects psychological well-being, social relationships, and academic performance. The studies reviewed in this work agree that factors such as the pursuit of immediate gratification, loneliness, stress, and poor emotional regulation play key roles in the development of SMA. Significant correlations have also been found with symptoms of anxiety, aggression, and psychological distress, especially in contexts such as the COVID-19 lockdown. Adolescence, a stage of high brain plasticity, is especially vulnerable to these behaviors due to increased sensitivity to social rewards and prolonged exposure to digital platforms. From a psychometric perspective, specific tools have been validated to assess this type of addiction, such as the ARS scale and the BSMAS, which have shown reliability across diverse cultural contexts. Current evidence highlights the need for preventive strategies, educational programs for responsible use, and therapeutic approaches focused on digital balance, emotional self-regulation, and the strengthening of personal and social protective factors.
Direction
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Tutorships)
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Tutorships)
Court
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Student’s tutor)
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Student’s tutor)
Depth in art: Evolution and perceptual impact
Authorship
P.D.F.
Psychology
P.D.F.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Depth perception from two-dimensional images has accompanied visual art since its beginnings, standing out as one of the most striking perceptual phenomena. By means of various pictorial cues, art succeeds in evoking three-dimensionality on the flat surface. This raises a fundamental question for the psychology of perception: What are the mechanisms that make this visual experience possible? The main objective of this literature review is to analyze the existing literature on depth perception. To this end, several interrelated aspects are addressed, such as the specificity of this ability in humans compared to other species, its evolutionary development throughout childhood or the parallelism that the history of art has with phylogenetic evolution. Additionally, the possibility is raised that in the new artistic era, characterized by important technological advances in the world of video and image, new perceptual variables not yet explored in the field of academic psychology are introduced. It concludes with the need to promote the study from its foundations, in order to update the perceptual categories and respond to the new forms of visual interaction.
Depth perception from two-dimensional images has accompanied visual art since its beginnings, standing out as one of the most striking perceptual phenomena. By means of various pictorial cues, art succeeds in evoking three-dimensionality on the flat surface. This raises a fundamental question for the psychology of perception: What are the mechanisms that make this visual experience possible? The main objective of this literature review is to analyze the existing literature on depth perception. To this end, several interrelated aspects are addressed, such as the specificity of this ability in humans compared to other species, its evolutionary development throughout childhood or the parallelism that the history of art has with phylogenetic evolution. Additionally, the possibility is raised that in the new artistic era, characterized by important technological advances in the world of video and image, new perceptual variables not yet explored in the field of academic psychology are introduced. It concludes with the need to promote the study from its foundations, in order to update the perceptual categories and respond to the new forms of visual interaction.
Direction
BLANCO RIAL, MANUEL JOSE (Tutorships)
BLANCO RIAL, MANUEL JOSE (Tutorships)
Court
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Chairman)
PICON PRADO, EDUARDO (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Chairman)
PICON PRADO, EDUARDO (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
Behavioral and emotional correlates of gambling behavior in middle adolescence
Authorship
R.D.F.
Psychology
R.D.F.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 09:30
07.14.2025 09:30
Summary
Problematic gambling among minors is a growing phenomenon that is attracting increasing interest across various health science disciplines. Early access to technology, the proliferation of online gambling platforms, and the cultural normalization of betting and games of chance are raising serious social concerns due to the potential impact of these practices on the emotional, cognitive, and social development of young people. Adolescence, with its inherent characteristics such as impulsivity, a drive for novelty, and heightened sensitivity to immediate rewards, represents a particularly vulnerable stage for the development of addictive behaviors. Given the relevance of this issue, the main objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between gambling behavior in minors and its implications for life satisfaction, depression, somatization, and suicidal ideation. The aim is to better understand how certain emotional traits and behavioral patterns may be involved in the emergence and persistence of these types of behaviors. This study was conducted using a two-stage sampling method and included 7,365 students aged 12 to 16 years (mean = 13.85; standard deviation = 1.22). Participants completed a questionnaire that included specific screening tools (such as the BAGS, LIE/BET, PHQ-9, among others). According to the collected data, 5.2% of students reported having gambled in person at some point in their lives, while 1.8% had done so online, placing the overall gambling rate at 5.7%. Between 0.9% and 1.4% showed signs of problematic gambling behavior, and 36.6% believed it is fairly or very likely to make money from betting. The results indicate a prevalence of problematic gambling that is associated with lower levels of life satisfaction and emotional well-being, and higher levels of suicidal ideation, depression, and somatization.
Problematic gambling among minors is a growing phenomenon that is attracting increasing interest across various health science disciplines. Early access to technology, the proliferation of online gambling platforms, and the cultural normalization of betting and games of chance are raising serious social concerns due to the potential impact of these practices on the emotional, cognitive, and social development of young people. Adolescence, with its inherent characteristics such as impulsivity, a drive for novelty, and heightened sensitivity to immediate rewards, represents a particularly vulnerable stage for the development of addictive behaviors. Given the relevance of this issue, the main objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between gambling behavior in minors and its implications for life satisfaction, depression, somatization, and suicidal ideation. The aim is to better understand how certain emotional traits and behavioral patterns may be involved in the emergence and persistence of these types of behaviors. This study was conducted using a two-stage sampling method and included 7,365 students aged 12 to 16 years (mean = 13.85; standard deviation = 1.22). Participants completed a questionnaire that included specific screening tools (such as the BAGS, LIE/BET, PHQ-9, among others). According to the collected data, 5.2% of students reported having gambled in person at some point in their lives, while 1.8% had done so online, placing the overall gambling rate at 5.7%. Between 0.9% and 1.4% showed signs of problematic gambling behavior, and 36.6% believed it is fairly or very likely to make money from betting. The results indicate a prevalence of problematic gambling that is associated with lower levels of life satisfaction and emotional well-being, and higher levels of suicidal ideation, depression, and somatization.
Direction
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Tutorships)
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Tutorships)
Court
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Student’s tutor)
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Student’s tutor)
Non-pharmacological treatments for ADHD in children
Authorship
E.D.R.
Psychology
E.D.R.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 13:00
07.14.2025 13:00
Summary
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized by various symptoms of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity, and it is currently one of the most frequently diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorders in the child population. One of the most widely used treatments is pharmacological; however, its long-term effectiveness is questioned. The aim of this paper is to review the current empirical evidence on the effectiveness of different non-pharmacological treatments for childhood ADHD. To this end, a systematic review of the literature on this topic was conducted using the PubMed and Dialnet databases, ultimately selecting 10 studies published between 2015 and 2025. The results indicate that, among the various treatments analyzed, cognitive-behavioral therapy and executive function training show positive effects on the different symptoms of ADHD in children.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized by various symptoms of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity, and it is currently one of the most frequently diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorders in the child population. One of the most widely used treatments is pharmacological; however, its long-term effectiveness is questioned. The aim of this paper is to review the current empirical evidence on the effectiveness of different non-pharmacological treatments for childhood ADHD. To this end, a systematic review of the literature on this topic was conducted using the PubMed and Dialnet databases, ultimately selecting 10 studies published between 2015 and 2025. The results indicate that, among the various treatments analyzed, cognitive-behavioral therapy and executive function training show positive effects on the different symptoms of ADHD in children.
Direction
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Tutorships)
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Tutorships)
Court
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Student’s tutor)
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Student’s tutor)
Pyschological intervention in fibromyalgia: A systematic review
Authorship
L.F.B.
Psychology
L.F.B.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a disease characterised by widespread musculoskeletal pain. It has a negative impact on the quality of life of the patients who suffer from it, which leads to the appearance of various psychological problems, such as depressive and anxious symptoms, which consequently often lead to the development of comorbid psychological disorders. All this, together with the unsatisfactory results of pharmacological treatments, lay the foundations fot the application of psychological intrventions that have an impact on these factors. As a consequence, there is a latent need for psychological interventions to address the psychological impact of FM. The aim of the present literature review focuses on analysing the level of efficacy of different types of psychological interventions applied to people suffering from FM. The psychotherapeutic modalities considered were: cognitive behavioural therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, attentional bias modification, attachment-based compassion therapy, personal construc therapy and EMDR therapy. The analysis of the results obtained in the different problems associated with FM, especially depressive symptomatology and poor quality of life. This finally highlights the importance of addressing theh psychological impact and, therefore, of continuing to ficus on its research.
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a disease characterised by widespread musculoskeletal pain. It has a negative impact on the quality of life of the patients who suffer from it, which leads to the appearance of various psychological problems, such as depressive and anxious symptoms, which consequently often lead to the development of comorbid psychological disorders. All this, together with the unsatisfactory results of pharmacological treatments, lay the foundations fot the application of psychological intrventions that have an impact on these factors. As a consequence, there is a latent need for psychological interventions to address the psychological impact of FM. The aim of the present literature review focuses on analysing the level of efficacy of different types of psychological interventions applied to people suffering from FM. The psychotherapeutic modalities considered were: cognitive behavioural therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, attentional bias modification, attachment-based compassion therapy, personal construc therapy and EMDR therapy. The analysis of the results obtained in the different problems associated with FM, especially depressive symptomatology and poor quality of life. This finally highlights the importance of addressing theh psychological impact and, therefore, of continuing to ficus on its research.
Direction
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Tutorships)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Tutorships)
Court
López Durán, Ana (Chairman)
ALCARAZ GARCIA, MIGUEL ANGEL (Secretary)
Carrillo De la Peña, María Teresa (Member)
López Durán, Ana (Chairman)
ALCARAZ GARCIA, MIGUEL ANGEL (Secretary)
Carrillo De la Peña, María Teresa (Member)
Psychological and sociodemographic variables preceding sustainable fashion consumption
Authorship
A.F.C.
Psychology
A.F.C.
Psychology
Defense date
02.13.2025 10:30
02.13.2025 10:30
Summary
This study aimed to analyze the psychological variables that predict sustainable consumption, with a specific focus on the fashion industry, one of the most polluting sectors due to the rise of fast fashion. Through a literature review in the PsycInfo and Web of Science databases, 19 studies were identified adressing key factors such as biospheric values, positive emotions, and social identity have been identified as playing a fundamental role in promoting responsible behaviors. The findings also highlight significant differences across generations and genders. While Generation Z prioritizes environmental benefits, Millennials tend to focus more on economic factors. Additionally, women show greater involvement in collaborative consumption. However, practical, economic, and social barriers continue to perpetuate the attitude-behavior gap. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the need for integrative and culturally tailored strategies to foster sustainable consumption. Although current research provides a solid foundation, limitations such as the predominance of studies conducted in Western contexts and the lack of longitudinal analyses present opportunities for future research.
This study aimed to analyze the psychological variables that predict sustainable consumption, with a specific focus on the fashion industry, one of the most polluting sectors due to the rise of fast fashion. Through a literature review in the PsycInfo and Web of Science databases, 19 studies were identified adressing key factors such as biospheric values, positive emotions, and social identity have been identified as playing a fundamental role in promoting responsible behaviors. The findings also highlight significant differences across generations and genders. While Generation Z prioritizes environmental benefits, Millennials tend to focus more on economic factors. Additionally, women show greater involvement in collaborative consumption. However, practical, economic, and social barriers continue to perpetuate the attitude-behavior gap. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the need for integrative and culturally tailored strategies to foster sustainable consumption. Although current research provides a solid foundation, limitations such as the predominance of studies conducted in Western contexts and the lack of longitudinal analyses present opportunities for future research.
Direction
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Tutorships)
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Tutorships)
Court
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Student’s tutor)
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Student’s tutor)
Learned violence: reviewing the evidence for intergenerational transmission of violence
Authorship
A.F.D.R.
Psychology
A.F.D.R.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 12:00
07.14.2025 12:00
Summary
This literature review explores empirical evidence from the past 10 years regarding the potential intergenerational transmission of violence, that is, whether violence witnessed or experienced during childhood is reproduced in adulthood, either as perpetration or victimization. The studies reviewed include both indirect experiences of violence (witnessing violence between parents) and direct ones (child abuse). In addition, the review analyzes whether various factors act as mediators or moderators in this relationship, and it examines the main limitations of the studies. The findings of the reviewed research are diverse and sometimes contradictory. On one hand, some studies support the hypothesis of violence being passed down from generation to generation, while others refute it. There are even studies that report inverse effects, suggesting that exposure to violence can lead to increased social engagement and active opposition to it. On the other hand, several risk factors were identified, such as hostility, fearful attachment, psychological distress, and deficits in reflective functioning. Although its mediation only explains a small part of the association, it allows us to understand that the transmission of violence is not a linear or universal process, but is influenced by multiple factors. It was also found that intimate partner violence and child abuse often coexist in the same household (poly-victimization), making their joint approach mandatory. Moreover, methodological limitations have been identified, which in turn provide avenues for improvement in future research, with the goal of designing effective interventions that halt cycles of violence or mitigate their effects.
This literature review explores empirical evidence from the past 10 years regarding the potential intergenerational transmission of violence, that is, whether violence witnessed or experienced during childhood is reproduced in adulthood, either as perpetration or victimization. The studies reviewed include both indirect experiences of violence (witnessing violence between parents) and direct ones (child abuse). In addition, the review analyzes whether various factors act as mediators or moderators in this relationship, and it examines the main limitations of the studies. The findings of the reviewed research are diverse and sometimes contradictory. On one hand, some studies support the hypothesis of violence being passed down from generation to generation, while others refute it. There are even studies that report inverse effects, suggesting that exposure to violence can lead to increased social engagement and active opposition to it. On the other hand, several risk factors were identified, such as hostility, fearful attachment, psychological distress, and deficits in reflective functioning. Although its mediation only explains a small part of the association, it allows us to understand that the transmission of violence is not a linear or universal process, but is influenced by multiple factors. It was also found that intimate partner violence and child abuse often coexist in the same household (poly-victimization), making their joint approach mandatory. Moreover, methodological limitations have been identified, which in turn provide avenues for improvement in future research, with the goal of designing effective interventions that halt cycles of violence or mitigate their effects.
Direction
Mirón Redondo, María Lourdes (Tutorships)
Mirón Redondo, María Lourdes (Tutorships)
Court
Mirón Redondo, María Lourdes (Student’s tutor)
Mirón Redondo, María Lourdes (Student’s tutor)
Grandiose Narcissism and Vulnerable Narcissism in Romantic Relationships: Expression, Dynamics and Violence
Authorship
C.C.F.F.
Psychology
C.C.F.F.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Grandiose narcissism (GN) and vulnerable narcissism (VN) are the two most widely scientifically recognized expressions of narcissism. However, they have not been studied to the same extent as narcissism as a general concept. The context of romantic relationships is no exception, even though Intimate Partner Violence is a concerning social issue with a rising prevalence. The aim of this literature review is to explore the role grandiose and vulnerable narcissism play in romantic relationships, paying special attention to violent behavior. To this end, a systematic review of the relevant literature published in the last ten years has been conducted, resulting in a comprehensive analysis of 15 articles. Results suggest that both GN and VN are associated with a higher likelihood of initiating conflicts within relationships and responding aggressively to them, but they differ in the emotional, cognitive, and motivational experience. Moreover, the type of negative consequences for the partner depends on the subtype. Regarding Intimate Partner Violence, VN predicts all of its manifestations, while the available data about NG can only confirm its predictive utility on psychological violence. It is also concluded that gender mediates these associations, although further research is needed to clarify its role. Therefore, it is relevant to distinguish between GN and VN when studying intimate partner relationships and the violence exercised within them. These dimensions could improve our understanding of narcissism in interpersonal relationships and help to develop prevention and intervention strategies to deal with Intimate Partner Violence.
Grandiose narcissism (GN) and vulnerable narcissism (VN) are the two most widely scientifically recognized expressions of narcissism. However, they have not been studied to the same extent as narcissism as a general concept. The context of romantic relationships is no exception, even though Intimate Partner Violence is a concerning social issue with a rising prevalence. The aim of this literature review is to explore the role grandiose and vulnerable narcissism play in romantic relationships, paying special attention to violent behavior. To this end, a systematic review of the relevant literature published in the last ten years has been conducted, resulting in a comprehensive analysis of 15 articles. Results suggest that both GN and VN are associated with a higher likelihood of initiating conflicts within relationships and responding aggressively to them, but they differ in the emotional, cognitive, and motivational experience. Moreover, the type of negative consequences for the partner depends on the subtype. Regarding Intimate Partner Violence, VN predicts all of its manifestations, while the available data about NG can only confirm its predictive utility on psychological violence. It is also concluded that gender mediates these associations, although further research is needed to clarify its role. Therefore, it is relevant to distinguish between GN and VN when studying intimate partner relationships and the violence exercised within them. These dimensions could improve our understanding of narcissism in interpersonal relationships and help to develop prevention and intervention strategies to deal with Intimate Partner Violence.
Direction
ROMERO TRIÑANES, ESTRELLA (Tutorships)
ROMERO TRIÑANES, ESTRELLA (Tutorships)
Court
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Chairman)
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Secretary)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Member)
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Chairman)
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Secretary)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Member)
Psychosocial factors in the reduction of meat consumption
Authorship
A.F.P.
Psychology
A.F.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 12:00
07.07.2025 12:00
Summary
Currently, climate change is one of the greatest threats facing society. One of the ways to mitigate the negative impacts of this problem is to reduce meat consumption in our diets, since it has been observed that vegetarian diets reduce on average 45% of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. For this reason, the main objective of this final degree project was to analyze whether the variables of health perception, moral obligation and pro-environmental identity were related to a tendency to reduce meat consumption. In addition, it was also proposed to compare the scores obtained in these variables between men and women. To do this, an online survey was carried out that covered a total of 188 participants (59 men and 125 women) with an average age of 27.84. The results obtained indicate that the variable moral obligation is related to a lower frequency of meat consumption. Likewise, differences were also observed in the scores between men and women for the variables health perception and moral obligation, showing the second highest scores. These results indicate that concern for animal welfare, as well as other ethical reasons, play an important role when maintaining a plant-based diet.
Currently, climate change is one of the greatest threats facing society. One of the ways to mitigate the negative impacts of this problem is to reduce meat consumption in our diets, since it has been observed that vegetarian diets reduce on average 45% of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. For this reason, the main objective of this final degree project was to analyze whether the variables of health perception, moral obligation and pro-environmental identity were related to a tendency to reduce meat consumption. In addition, it was also proposed to compare the scores obtained in these variables between men and women. To do this, an online survey was carried out that covered a total of 188 participants (59 men and 125 women) with an average age of 27.84. The results obtained indicate that the variable moral obligation is related to a lower frequency of meat consumption. Likewise, differences were also observed in the scores between men and women for the variables health perception and moral obligation, showing the second highest scores. These results indicate that concern for animal welfare, as well as other ethical reasons, play an important role when maintaining a plant-based diet.
Direction
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Tutorships)
VILA TOJO, SERGIO (Co-tutorships)
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Tutorships)
VILA TOJO, SERGIO (Co-tutorships)
Court
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Student’s tutor)
VILA TOJO, SERGIO (Student’s tutor)
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Student’s tutor)
VILA TOJO, SERGIO (Student’s tutor)
Family dynamics in same-sex families
Authorship
E.F.R.
Psychology
E.F.R.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 09:30
07.07.2025 09:30
Summary
Same-sex families are an increasingly present family model in society. Various studies have shown that this type of family faces different challenges and circumstances from those of heterosexual-parent families, resulting in family dynamics with its own unique characteristics. The aim of this study was to analyse scientific evidence from the last decade regarding the dimensions of family dynamics: impact in child’s development, parenting styles, parent-child relationship, and family communication, in order to identify differences between same-sex and heterosexual families. The methodology employed consisted of a literature review in the PsycINFO and Web of Science databases of studies published between 2015 and the present. The results of the review indicated that parent’s sexual orientation is not a relevant factor in child development and that gay and lesbian parents tend to use an authoritative parenting style. Additionally, the parent-child relationship was found to be of good quality, though it may be affected by the timing of the disclosure of parental sexual orientation and by experiences of recent homophobic microaggressions. In terms of communication, various topics were investigated, and different approaches were observed, with normalization and openness being predominant. It was also found that the socialization of these families benefits the children. Due to the homogeneity and small size of the samples, further research should increase the number of participants and study all subtypes of same-sex families for a better understanding of their family dynamics. Understanding the unique characteristics of same-sex family dynamics will allow for the design of interventions that are better adjusted to their specific context and challenges.
Same-sex families are an increasingly present family model in society. Various studies have shown that this type of family faces different challenges and circumstances from those of heterosexual-parent families, resulting in family dynamics with its own unique characteristics. The aim of this study was to analyse scientific evidence from the last decade regarding the dimensions of family dynamics: impact in child’s development, parenting styles, parent-child relationship, and family communication, in order to identify differences between same-sex and heterosexual families. The methodology employed consisted of a literature review in the PsycINFO and Web of Science databases of studies published between 2015 and the present. The results of the review indicated that parent’s sexual orientation is not a relevant factor in child development and that gay and lesbian parents tend to use an authoritative parenting style. Additionally, the parent-child relationship was found to be of good quality, though it may be affected by the timing of the disclosure of parental sexual orientation and by experiences of recent homophobic microaggressions. In terms of communication, various topics were investigated, and different approaches were observed, with normalization and openness being predominant. It was also found that the socialization of these families benefits the children. Due to the homogeneity and small size of the samples, further research should increase the number of participants and study all subtypes of same-sex families for a better understanding of their family dynamics. Understanding the unique characteristics of same-sex family dynamics will allow for the design of interventions that are better adjusted to their specific context and challenges.
Direction
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Tutorships)
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Tutorships)
Court
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Student’s tutor)
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Student’s tutor)
Families in the digital age: the impact of social media on family dynamics and child well-being
Authorship
S.F.S.
Psychology
S.F.S.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:00
07.07.2025 10:00
Summary
The main target of the literature review presented below is to analyze the psychological and family impact of social media use in households with school-aged children, focusing on developing countries. Through a systematic review of databases such as PsycINFO and Web of Science (WOS) between 2019 and 2025, the most relevant scientific articles. The results reveal that, although social media promotes interpersonal connection, excessive use without accurate parental mediation is associated with higher levels of anxiety, low self-esteem, and deterioration of family relationships. To mitigate these effects, the development of effective parental supervision strategies and digital education programs that promote critical and responsible consumption of content, thus minimizing its negative impact on child development, is proposed.
The main target of the literature review presented below is to analyze the psychological and family impact of social media use in households with school-aged children, focusing on developing countries. Through a systematic review of databases such as PsycINFO and Web of Science (WOS) between 2019 and 2025, the most relevant scientific articles. The results reveal that, although social media promotes interpersonal connection, excessive use without accurate parental mediation is associated with higher levels of anxiety, low self-esteem, and deterioration of family relationships. To mitigate these effects, the development of effective parental supervision strategies and digital education programs that promote critical and responsible consumption of content, thus minimizing its negative impact on child development, is proposed.
Direction
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Tutorships)
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Tutorships)
Court
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Student’s tutor)
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Student’s tutor)
Psychosocial risk and protective factors for the mental health of refugees. A systematic review.
Authorship
S.F.G.
Psychology
S.F.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 12:30
07.07.2025 12:30
Summary
Every year, the number of refugees worldwide continues to rise. Refugees are particularly vulnerable to mental health problems, primarily due to the traumatic experiences they endure throughout their lives. These individuals are exposed to stressful situations before, during, and after fleeing to their host countries. Therefore, this systematic review aims to identify the risk and protective factors that influence the mental health of refugees following traumatic experiences. To this end, the Scopus, Web of Science and PsycInfo databases were used as sources of information. A total of 141 articles were retrieved, of which 20 met the inclusion criteria for this study. The results indicate that traumatic experiences and stressful events significantly impact the mental health of refugees, contributing to an increase in emotional disorders and related issues. Contradictory findings were observed regarding certain risk factors, such as age, marital status, language proficiency, and residency status. These findings highlight the urgent need to provide targeted support for this vulnerable population in host countries. Efforts should focus on the prevention and early detection of risk cases, as well as on equipping refugees with the necessary tools to cope with trauma.
Every year, the number of refugees worldwide continues to rise. Refugees are particularly vulnerable to mental health problems, primarily due to the traumatic experiences they endure throughout their lives. These individuals are exposed to stressful situations before, during, and after fleeing to their host countries. Therefore, this systematic review aims to identify the risk and protective factors that influence the mental health of refugees following traumatic experiences. To this end, the Scopus, Web of Science and PsycInfo databases were used as sources of information. A total of 141 articles were retrieved, of which 20 met the inclusion criteria for this study. The results indicate that traumatic experiences and stressful events significantly impact the mental health of refugees, contributing to an increase in emotional disorders and related issues. Contradictory findings were observed regarding certain risk factors, such as age, marital status, language proficiency, and residency status. These findings highlight the urgent need to provide targeted support for this vulnerable population in host countries. Efforts should focus on the prevention and early detection of risk cases, as well as on equipping refugees with the necessary tools to cope with trauma.
Direction
Novo Pérez, Mercedes (Tutorships)
Novo Pérez, Mercedes (Tutorships)
Court
Novo Pérez, Mercedes (Student’s tutor)
Novo Pérez, Mercedes (Student’s tutor)
Smoking and cancer: Psychological interventions for smoking cessation during lung cancer screening
Authorship
C.F.B.
Psychology
C.F.B.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:30
07.16.2025 10:30
Summary
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide and is closely linked to tobacco use. In this context, early detection through screening represents a key opportunity to promote smoking cessation. This review aims to determine which smoking cessation interventions that include psychological components have been implemented in the context of lung cancer screening programs. The search was conducted in the Web of Science, Pubmed and PsycINFO databases and 14 articles were found that met the inclusion criteria. The studies were divided into two groups: interventions combining psychological components and pharmacological components (n = 10) and psychological interventions (n = 4). The abstinence rate for effective combined interventions ranged from 17.4% to 37.1%, and for psychological interventions, it ranged from 18.8% to 19.2%.The results allow us to conclude that there are effective interventions for smoking cessation in this context, both combined (n = 7) and psychological (n = 2). Their efficacy is independent of the delivery method (in-person or remote). These interventions should consist of four to six sessions, lasting between ten and 30 minutes, delivered weekly. They also should include psychological counseling (addressing aspects such as quit date planning, self-efficacy, acquisition of skills related to craving management or relapse prevention), motivational interviewing and psychoeducation.
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide and is closely linked to tobacco use. In this context, early detection through screening represents a key opportunity to promote smoking cessation. This review aims to determine which smoking cessation interventions that include psychological components have been implemented in the context of lung cancer screening programs. The search was conducted in the Web of Science, Pubmed and PsycINFO databases and 14 articles were found that met the inclusion criteria. The studies were divided into two groups: interventions combining psychological components and pharmacological components (n = 10) and psychological interventions (n = 4). The abstinence rate for effective combined interventions ranged from 17.4% to 37.1%, and for psychological interventions, it ranged from 18.8% to 19.2%.The results allow us to conclude that there are effective interventions for smoking cessation in this context, both combined (n = 7) and psychological (n = 2). Their efficacy is independent of the delivery method (in-person or remote). These interventions should consist of four to six sessions, lasting between ten and 30 minutes, delivered weekly. They also should include psychological counseling (addressing aspects such as quit date planning, self-efficacy, acquisition of skills related to craving management or relapse prevention), motivational interviewing and psychoeducation.
Direction
Míguez Varela, María del Carmen (Tutorships)
POSSE CEPEDA, CRISTINA MARIA (Co-tutorships)
Míguez Varela, María del Carmen (Tutorships)
POSSE CEPEDA, CRISTINA MARIA (Co-tutorships)
Court
ROMERO TRIÑANES, ESTRELLA (Chairman)
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Secretary)
Gómez Salgado, Patricia (Member)
ROMERO TRIÑANES, ESTRELLA (Chairman)
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Secretary)
Gómez Salgado, Patricia (Member)
Hate speech on social networks. Analysis from Spanish scientific journals.
Authorship
A.F.G.
Psychology
A.F.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 11:30
07.07.2025 11:30
Summary
Over the past decades, social media have transformed the way we communicate, share opinions and construct public discourses. These digital spaces have opened up new possibilities for expression, but they have also amplified forms of violence such as hate speech. This discourse, although pre-existing the digital world, has found in the networks a massive and uncontrolled channel of dissemination, generating growing concern in different spheres. The emerging nature of the phenomenon, its impact on society and the challenge posed by establishing limits and regulating it, make it an urgent and necessary object of study. By means of a bibliographical review of the existing national literature, this paper aims to contribute to a better understanding of the current state of research on this phenomenon. The analysis of the selected articles highlights the growing relevance given to this problem in research, as well as the concern for its increase, analysing factors such as public perception, the difficulties of regulation and the effect of these discourses on groups present in today's society. Although it is not intended to offer a definitive solution to the problem, the aim is to contribute to its study in a rigorous way in order to generate useful knowledge about the phenomenon. At the same time, it is hoped that this literature review can serve as a starting point for a broader reflection on the way in which these discourses are constructed, disseminated and combated in such a changing environment as social networks.
Over the past decades, social media have transformed the way we communicate, share opinions and construct public discourses. These digital spaces have opened up new possibilities for expression, but they have also amplified forms of violence such as hate speech. This discourse, although pre-existing the digital world, has found in the networks a massive and uncontrolled channel of dissemination, generating growing concern in different spheres. The emerging nature of the phenomenon, its impact on society and the challenge posed by establishing limits and regulating it, make it an urgent and necessary object of study. By means of a bibliographical review of the existing national literature, this paper aims to contribute to a better understanding of the current state of research on this phenomenon. The analysis of the selected articles highlights the growing relevance given to this problem in research, as well as the concern for its increase, analysing factors such as public perception, the difficulties of regulation and the effect of these discourses on groups present in today's society. Although it is not intended to offer a definitive solution to the problem, the aim is to contribute to its study in a rigorous way in order to generate useful knowledge about the phenomenon. At the same time, it is hoped that this literature review can serve as a starting point for a broader reflection on the way in which these discourses are constructed, disseminated and combated in such a changing environment as social networks.
Direction
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Tutorships)
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Tutorships)
Court
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Student’s tutor)
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Student’s tutor)
Structural Brain Alterations in the Early Stages of the Alzheimer's Disease Continuum
Authorship
A.M.F.P.
Psychology
A.M.F.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
This undergraduate thesis analyzes the utility of structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) in detecting early brain alterations associated with the clinical and biological continuum of Alzheimer´s disease (AD), based on the framework proposed by the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer´s Association (NIA-AA). A systematic review of scientific literature published between 2018 and 2025 was conducted, selecting empirical studies that jointly assessed beta-amyloid (A) and phosphorylated tau (pTau) biomarkers and included sMRI techniques in populations at different stages of the AD continuum. A total of 11 studies were included and analyzed according to their sample characteristics, imaging techniques, affected regions, and observed patterns of brain atrophy. The findings indicate that simultaneous positivity for A and pTau (A+T+) is more robustly associated with greater brain atrophy, particularly in medial temporal regions such as the hippocampus, the entorhinal cortex, and Brodmann Area 35 (BA35), even in individuals without manifest cognitive impairment. This association appears to be primarily driven by the presence of pTau, as isolated A positivity shows a weaker and less consistent relationship with structural changes. Moreover, a coherent anatomical progression was observed across clinical groups, from cognitively unimpaired individuals to patients with AD dementia, supporting the value of sMRI as an early marker of neurodegeneration. Integrating structural measures with biomarkers enhances early diagnosis, risk stratification, and the effectiveness of early-stage interventions.
This undergraduate thesis analyzes the utility of structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) in detecting early brain alterations associated with the clinical and biological continuum of Alzheimer´s disease (AD), based on the framework proposed by the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer´s Association (NIA-AA). A systematic review of scientific literature published between 2018 and 2025 was conducted, selecting empirical studies that jointly assessed beta-amyloid (A) and phosphorylated tau (pTau) biomarkers and included sMRI techniques in populations at different stages of the AD continuum. A total of 11 studies were included and analyzed according to their sample characteristics, imaging techniques, affected regions, and observed patterns of brain atrophy. The findings indicate that simultaneous positivity for A and pTau (A+T+) is more robustly associated with greater brain atrophy, particularly in medial temporal regions such as the hippocampus, the entorhinal cortex, and Brodmann Area 35 (BA35), even in individuals without manifest cognitive impairment. This association appears to be primarily driven by the presence of pTau, as isolated A positivity shows a weaker and less consistent relationship with structural changes. Moreover, a coherent anatomical progression was observed across clinical groups, from cognitively unimpaired individuals to patients with AD dementia, supporting the value of sMRI as an early marker of neurodegeneration. Integrating structural measures with biomarkers enhances early diagnosis, risk stratification, and the effectiveness of early-stage interventions.
Direction
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Tutorships)
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Tutorships)
Court
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Chairman)
AMENEDO LOSADA, MARIA ELENA (Secretary)
Vazquez Rodriguez, Maria Isabel (Member)
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Chairman)
AMENEDO LOSADA, MARIA ELENA (Secretary)
Vazquez Rodriguez, Maria Isabel (Member)
Psychological profile, decision-making, and pre-competitive anxiety in fencers
Authorship
B.G.M.
Psychology
B.G.M.
Psychology
Defense date
06.30.2025 14:00
06.30.2025 14:00
Summary
The objectives of this research were to explore the psychological profile, the decision-making process, and the levels of anxiety and self-confidence in a sample of fencers, examining the variations that may occur based on sex, competition level, and/or sports experience. Additionally, the relationships among the components of these profiles were studied. For the assessment of the psychological profile, the TOPS-3 Spanish adaptation was utilized; for the decisional profile, the CETD was used; and for competitive state anxiety and self-confidence, the CSAI-2R was applied. The obtained results indicate that the fencers participating in the study possess a robust psychological profile, highlighting skills such as Automaticity, Goal Setting, Activation, and Attentional Control. Their decisional profile does not fully conform to the typical V shape, as their Perceived Decisional Competence is somewhat low, with similar values in Anxiety and Overwhelm when Deciding, and higher values in Commitment to Decisional Learning. Differences were found based on sex, competition level, and sports experience. Specifically, higher anxiety levels were noted in women and international competitors. Greater perceived decisional competence was observed in men, among international fencers, and in those with more sports experience. The subscales of these questionnaires -TOPS-3 and CETD- showed important interrelationships. Regarding the CSAI-2R, both cognitive anxiety and self confidence stood out.
The objectives of this research were to explore the psychological profile, the decision-making process, and the levels of anxiety and self-confidence in a sample of fencers, examining the variations that may occur based on sex, competition level, and/or sports experience. Additionally, the relationships among the components of these profiles were studied. For the assessment of the psychological profile, the TOPS-3 Spanish adaptation was utilized; for the decisional profile, the CETD was used; and for competitive state anxiety and self-confidence, the CSAI-2R was applied. The obtained results indicate that the fencers participating in the study possess a robust psychological profile, highlighting skills such as Automaticity, Goal Setting, Activation, and Attentional Control. Their decisional profile does not fully conform to the typical V shape, as their Perceived Decisional Competence is somewhat low, with similar values in Anxiety and Overwhelm when Deciding, and higher values in Commitment to Decisional Learning. Differences were found based on sex, competition level, and sports experience. Specifically, higher anxiety levels were noted in women and international competitors. Greater perceived decisional competence was observed in men, among international fencers, and in those with more sports experience. The subscales of these questionnaires -TOPS-3 and CETD- showed important interrelationships. Regarding the CSAI-2R, both cognitive anxiety and self confidence stood out.
Direction
PONTE FERNANDEZ, DOLORES (Tutorships)
PONTE FERNANDEZ, DOLORES (Tutorships)
Court
PONTE FERNANDEZ, DOLORES (Student’s tutor)
PONTE FERNANDEZ, DOLORES (Student’s tutor)
Abolition of prostitution. Predictors of the intention to participate in collective action
Authorship
A.G.P.
Psychology
A.G.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 10:30
07.15.2025 10:30
Summary
Prostitution is illegal in our country, which opens the debate in society about the legislative approach that should be adopted. In this sense, a clear gender gap can be identified in this activity, with the majority of clients being men and the majority of suppliers being women, which raises the need to adopt a gender perspective for its analysis. In this study, we will focus on the abolitionist position that proposes the punishment of procurers and customers and support for prostitutes. Therefore, the objective is to analyze different psychosocial variables that drive people to participate in mobilizations in favor of the abolition of prostitution. More specifically, the relationship of attitudes toward prostitution, identity, injustice, efficacy and ideology with the intention to participate in normative collective actions (NCA) and non-normative collective actions (NNCA) was studied in a sample of 213 participants. To this end, multiple linear regression analyses with all variables and Student’s t-test were performed to check the differences in the intention to participate between people with abolitionist attitudes and identities with respect to non-abolitionist. The results have shown that negative attitude towards decriminalization, identity, efficacy and injustice are the best predictors of NCA, with attitude being eliminated from the list of NNCA predictors.
Prostitution is illegal in our country, which opens the debate in society about the legislative approach that should be adopted. In this sense, a clear gender gap can be identified in this activity, with the majority of clients being men and the majority of suppliers being women, which raises the need to adopt a gender perspective for its analysis. In this study, we will focus on the abolitionist position that proposes the punishment of procurers and customers and support for prostitutes. Therefore, the objective is to analyze different psychosocial variables that drive people to participate in mobilizations in favor of the abolition of prostitution. More specifically, the relationship of attitudes toward prostitution, identity, injustice, efficacy and ideology with the intention to participate in normative collective actions (NCA) and non-normative collective actions (NNCA) was studied in a sample of 213 participants. To this end, multiple linear regression analyses with all variables and Student’s t-test were performed to check the differences in the intention to participate between people with abolitionist attitudes and identities with respect to non-abolitionist. The results have shown that negative attitude towards decriminalization, identity, efficacy and injustice are the best predictors of NCA, with attitude being eliminated from the list of NNCA predictors.
Direction
Alzate García, Mónica (Tutorships)
FERNANDEZ CORES, TAMARA (Co-tutorships)
Alzate García, Mónica (Tutorships)
FERNANDEZ CORES, TAMARA (Co-tutorships)
Court
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Chairman)
NIETO VIEITES, ANA (Secretary)
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Member)
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Chairman)
NIETO VIEITES, ANA (Secretary)
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Member)
The use of the emotional Stroop task in the evaluation of suicide risk
Authorship
J.G.O.
Psychology
J.G.O.
Psychology
Defense date
02.13.2025 10:30
02.13.2025 10:30
Summary
People whose suicide risk is being evaluated have too many reasons to not being sincere. The emotional Stroop task has been studied as a way to deal with this problem and showed promising results, so this work’s objective is to check the scientific literature to see if the last 10 years of work allows to get a clear answer to whether the task can be used in suicide risk evaluation. The first attempts at duplicating the initial results showed different results, putting into doubt the utility of the task. Following these results, many studies of the psychometric properties of the emotional Stroop task were conducted and found that the task had poor properties overall and changes had to be made if for it to be used. A new version of the task, made using suggestions from previous studies, has shown promising results, but it is still too soon, and more research is needed. The same can be said about the predictive capabilities of the task due to lack of research in the area.
People whose suicide risk is being evaluated have too many reasons to not being sincere. The emotional Stroop task has been studied as a way to deal with this problem and showed promising results, so this work’s objective is to check the scientific literature to see if the last 10 years of work allows to get a clear answer to whether the task can be used in suicide risk evaluation. The first attempts at duplicating the initial results showed different results, putting into doubt the utility of the task. Following these results, many studies of the psychometric properties of the emotional Stroop task were conducted and found that the task had poor properties overall and changes had to be made if for it to be used. A new version of the task, made using suggestions from previous studies, has shown promising results, but it is still too soon, and more research is needed. The same can be said about the predictive capabilities of the task due to lack of research in the area.
Direction
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Tutorships)
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Tutorships)
Court
Mirón Redondo, María Lourdes (Chairman)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Secretary)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Member)
Mirón Redondo, María Lourdes (Chairman)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Secretary)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Member)
Improvement of episodic memory induced by tACS in people with cognitive impairment: different effects according to age.
Authorship
P.G.B.
Psychology
P.G.B.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 10:30
07.15.2025 10:30
Summary
Episodic memory (EM) is one of the cognitive functions most affected in the early stages of cognitive impairment, particularly subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Several studies have shown that brain oscillations in the theta and gamma frequency bands are crucial for encoding and retrieving episodic memories, and that transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) can modulate these oscillations. This study is part of the cf tES CI project, which aims to evaluate the effects of tACS with theta gamma coupling on the performance of people with SCD or MCI in a visual episodic memory (EM) recognition task. Thirty participants aged between 57 and 83 years completed two stimulation conditions (real vs placebo) in a counterbalanced crossover design. Stimulation was applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for eight consecutive sessions. Performance was assessed using the d index and reaction times. The results showed differential effects according to age. Participants aged 68 years or younger significantly improved in the d index after actual stimulation, while no significant changes were observed in the older group. No effects were found on reaction times. These results suggest that tACS theta gamma may facilitate ME in the early stages of aging.
Episodic memory (EM) is one of the cognitive functions most affected in the early stages of cognitive impairment, particularly subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Several studies have shown that brain oscillations in the theta and gamma frequency bands are crucial for encoding and retrieving episodic memories, and that transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) can modulate these oscillations. This study is part of the cf tES CI project, which aims to evaluate the effects of tACS with theta gamma coupling on the performance of people with SCD or MCI in a visual episodic memory (EM) recognition task. Thirty participants aged between 57 and 83 years completed two stimulation conditions (real vs placebo) in a counterbalanced crossover design. Stimulation was applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for eight consecutive sessions. Performance was assessed using the d index and reaction times. The results showed differential effects according to age. Participants aged 68 years or younger significantly improved in the d index after actual stimulation, while no significant changes were observed in the older group. No effects were found on reaction times. These results suggest that tACS theta gamma may facilitate ME in the early stages of aging.
Direction
CID FERNANDEZ, SUSANA (Tutorships)
CORREA JARABA, KENIA SHAILY (Co-tutorships)
CID FERNANDEZ, SUSANA (Tutorships)
CORREA JARABA, KENIA SHAILY (Co-tutorships)
Court
PEREIRO ROZAS, ARTURO JOSE (Chairman)
BRAÑA TOBIO, MARIA TERESA (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
PEREIRO ROZAS, ARTURO JOSE (Chairman)
BRAÑA TOBIO, MARIA TERESA (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
Background on Sustainable Behavior of Tourists Regarding Water Consumption
Authorship
I.G.G.
Psychology
I.G.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 11:30
07.14.2025 11:30
Summary
Growing concern for sustainability highlights the importance of efficient water management, especially in the tourism sector, where consumption tends to increase significantly. This study aimed to review the psychological factors that influence tourists' sustainable behavior with regard to water consumption, both at home and at their vacation destination. To this end, a systematic review of literature published between 2011 and 2024 was conducted in the PsycInfo, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. The studies reviewed show that factors such as environmental values, moral and social norms, perceived control, attitudes, beliefs, and previous habits influence the intention and practice of sustainable behaviors. In general, tourists tend to reproduce the habits acquired at home at their destination, although there is also a tendency to relax these behaviors during vacations. Social and moral norms, as well as perceived control, stand out as key predictors of commitment to water conservation. In addition, environmental empathy and anticipated emotions, such as pride or guilt, also play a relevant role. The results show contextual differences between home and destination, suggesting that interventions should be tailored to each environment. Taken together, these findings underscore the need to integrate psychological approaches into tourism management strategies to promote responsible water use in all contexts.
Growing concern for sustainability highlights the importance of efficient water management, especially in the tourism sector, where consumption tends to increase significantly. This study aimed to review the psychological factors that influence tourists' sustainable behavior with regard to water consumption, both at home and at their vacation destination. To this end, a systematic review of literature published between 2011 and 2024 was conducted in the PsycInfo, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. The studies reviewed show that factors such as environmental values, moral and social norms, perceived control, attitudes, beliefs, and previous habits influence the intention and practice of sustainable behaviors. In general, tourists tend to reproduce the habits acquired at home at their destination, although there is also a tendency to relax these behaviors during vacations. Social and moral norms, as well as perceived control, stand out as key predictors of commitment to water conservation. In addition, environmental empathy and anticipated emotions, such as pride or guilt, also play a relevant role. The results show contextual differences between home and destination, suggesting that interventions should be tailored to each environment. Taken together, these findings underscore the need to integrate psychological approaches into tourism management strategies to promote responsible water use in all contexts.
Direction
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Tutorships)
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Tutorships)
Court
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Student’s tutor)
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Student’s tutor)
Use of eye tracking in neuromarketing: A comparison across databases.
Authorship
L.G.M.
Psychology
L.G.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 10:00
07.15.2025 10:00
Summary
Currently, the use of eye tracking has grown in areas such as neuromarketing, where it has been considered a fundamental tool for analyzing and understanding consumer behavior, as it facilities the study of psychological factors that influence purchasing processes. The objective of this study is to compare the databases PsycInfo, Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed, based on a specific search on “eye tracking” and “consumer behavior”, analyzing the number and characteristics of the documents provided, in order to identify which plataform is most appeopiate for this field. Furthermore, we aim to understand the main applications of eye tracking in the field of neuromarketing and determine the most studied psychological aspects in this discipline. The results showed that Scopus offers the largest number of documents and a greater number of filters. WoS was similar to Scopus in some aspects, but of little use in the psychological field. PubMed was the least productive given its medical context. Finally, PsycInfo allowed for a precise search in the field of psychology, although Scopus is the most appropiate for psychology-related searches within the field of neuromarketing. In this discipline, the main applications of eye tracking are in the business sector, particularly in the study of consumer behavior, advertising, and product design. At the psychological level, the most studied aspects were decision-making, emotion, attention, and cognition.
Currently, the use of eye tracking has grown in areas such as neuromarketing, where it has been considered a fundamental tool for analyzing and understanding consumer behavior, as it facilities the study of psychological factors that influence purchasing processes. The objective of this study is to compare the databases PsycInfo, Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed, based on a specific search on “eye tracking” and “consumer behavior”, analyzing the number and characteristics of the documents provided, in order to identify which plataform is most appeopiate for this field. Furthermore, we aim to understand the main applications of eye tracking in the field of neuromarketing and determine the most studied psychological aspects in this discipline. The results showed that Scopus offers the largest number of documents and a greater number of filters. WoS was similar to Scopus in some aspects, but of little use in the psychological field. PubMed was the least productive given its medical context. Finally, PsycInfo allowed for a precise search in the field of psychology, although Scopus is the most appropiate for psychology-related searches within the field of neuromarketing. In this discipline, the main applications of eye tracking are in the business sector, particularly in the study of consumer behavior, advertising, and product design. At the psychological level, the most studied aspects were decision-making, emotion, attention, and cognition.
Direction
Leirós Lobeiras, Luz Isabel (Tutorships)
Leirós Lobeiras, Luz Isabel (Tutorships)
Court
Leirós Lobeiras, Luz Isabel (Student’s tutor)
Leirós Lobeiras, Luz Isabel (Student’s tutor)
The Dark Triad and Intimate Partner Violence
Authorship
A.G.P.
Psychology
A.G.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 13:30
07.14.2025 13:30
Summary
The Dark Triad (DT), introduced by Paulhus and Williams (2002), encompasses three traits present in the general population - psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and narcissism - characterized by manipulation, egocentrism, impulsivity, emotional coldness, and low empathy. In recent years, interest in examining their influence on intimate relationships has increased, particularly in the context of intimate partner violence (IPV). This study presents a systematic review of empirical literature aimed at analyzing the relationship between the Dark Triad and various forms of violence within romantic relationships. A total of 14 studies published between 2017 and 2025 were included, involving 6,233 adult participants from non-clinical populations. The results reveal a significant association between all three traits and violent behaviors, with psychopathy emerging as the strongest predictor, particularly in relation to psychological, verbal, and physical violence. Machiavellianism was linked to subtler forms of abuse, such as emotional manipulation and the justification of controlling behaviors, while findings regarding narcissism were more inconsistent. Additionally, several relevant mediating and moderating variables were identified - such as empathy, anxious attachment, fast life strategy, and irrational beliefs about love - which contribute to a deeper understanding of these associations. The implications of these findings for early detection and intervention in IPV contexts are discussed, emphasizing the importance of incorporating a psychosocial and gender-based perspective. Finally, methodological limitations are addressed, and future research directions are suggested.
The Dark Triad (DT), introduced by Paulhus and Williams (2002), encompasses three traits present in the general population - psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and narcissism - characterized by manipulation, egocentrism, impulsivity, emotional coldness, and low empathy. In recent years, interest in examining their influence on intimate relationships has increased, particularly in the context of intimate partner violence (IPV). This study presents a systematic review of empirical literature aimed at analyzing the relationship between the Dark Triad and various forms of violence within romantic relationships. A total of 14 studies published between 2017 and 2025 were included, involving 6,233 adult participants from non-clinical populations. The results reveal a significant association between all three traits and violent behaviors, with psychopathy emerging as the strongest predictor, particularly in relation to psychological, verbal, and physical violence. Machiavellianism was linked to subtler forms of abuse, such as emotional manipulation and the justification of controlling behaviors, while findings regarding narcissism were more inconsistent. Additionally, several relevant mediating and moderating variables were identified - such as empathy, anxious attachment, fast life strategy, and irrational beliefs about love - which contribute to a deeper understanding of these associations. The implications of these findings for early detection and intervention in IPV contexts are discussed, emphasizing the importance of incorporating a psychosocial and gender-based perspective. Finally, methodological limitations are addressed, and future research directions are suggested.
Direction
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Tutorships)
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Tutorships)
Court
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Student’s tutor)
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Student’s tutor)
Learning to Fear: Fear Conditioning in Childhood and Adolescence.
Authorship
M.G.V.
Psychology
M.G.V.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 12:00
07.14.2025 12:00
Summary
Fear is a basic emotion that is activated in response to perceived threats and triggers a defensive reaction aimed at survival (Öhman, 2000, p. 483). Humans develop defensive responses from early childhood. However, fear can become pathological and lead to anxiety disorders. Understanding the processes of fear acquisition, extinction, and generalization during childhood and adolescence is highly relevant for advancing early prevention and intervention in child psychopathology. In this context, the present work is a systematic review of the scientific literature on fear conditioning in children and adolescents, with special attention to developmental, individual, and contextual variables that influence this process. After presenting the theoretical foundations of classical fear conditioning, the selected studies are analyzed and organized into five thematic categories: (1) developmental aspects of fear conditioning, (2) individual factors related to anxiety and psychopathology, (3) the influence of early adversity, trauma, and abuse, (4) mechanisms of social and observational transmission, and (5) processes of extinction and inhibition. Finally, the main findings are summarized along with a general interpretation of the results.
Fear is a basic emotion that is activated in response to perceived threats and triggers a defensive reaction aimed at survival (Öhman, 2000, p. 483). Humans develop defensive responses from early childhood. However, fear can become pathological and lead to anxiety disorders. Understanding the processes of fear acquisition, extinction, and generalization during childhood and adolescence is highly relevant for advancing early prevention and intervention in child psychopathology. In this context, the present work is a systematic review of the scientific literature on fear conditioning in children and adolescents, with special attention to developmental, individual, and contextual variables that influence this process. After presenting the theoretical foundations of classical fear conditioning, the selected studies are analyzed and organized into five thematic categories: (1) developmental aspects of fear conditioning, (2) individual factors related to anxiety and psychopathology, (3) the influence of early adversity, trauma, and abuse, (4) mechanisms of social and observational transmission, and (5) processes of extinction and inhibition. Finally, the main findings are summarized along with a general interpretation of the results.
Direction
REDONDO LAGO, JAIME MAURO (Tutorships)
REDONDO LAGO, JAIME MAURO (Tutorships)
Court
REDONDO LAGO, JAIME MAURO (Student’s tutor)
REDONDO LAGO, JAIME MAURO (Student’s tutor)
Goal setting and sports performance: a literature review.
Authorship
M.G.V.
Psychology
M.G.V.
Psychology
Defense date
02.13.2025 11:00
02.13.2025 11:00
Summary
Motivation is a highly influential psychological construct when it comes to practicing sports, and numerous studies have been conducted to improve it. This paper examines goal setting and its relationship with sports performance, also considering the influence of motivational climate and other psychological factors. To achieve this, a literature review of nine articles sourced from the Web of Science and Scopus databases was conducted, and the results were analyzed collectively. The findings reveal a positive relationship between goal setting and sports performance, with a particular emphasis on process goals and task-oriented goals, which also provide numerous psychological benefits. On the other hand, outcome goals also yield significant results, albeit to a lesser extent than the former, and they do not contribute to psychological improvement in other areas. Similarly, ego-oriented goals positively influence performance but may generate negative psychological effects under certain circumstances. Regarding the motivational climate, a combination of cooperative and competitive approaches is supported to optimize performance. Additionally, it is shown that other factors, such as feedback, the availability of facilities, and recognition, can positively influence motivation and commitment. In conclusion, setting different types of goals and having a supportive environment where cooperation and competitiveness prevail can significantly enhance sports performance and promote athletes' psychological well-being.
Motivation is a highly influential psychological construct when it comes to practicing sports, and numerous studies have been conducted to improve it. This paper examines goal setting and its relationship with sports performance, also considering the influence of motivational climate and other psychological factors. To achieve this, a literature review of nine articles sourced from the Web of Science and Scopus databases was conducted, and the results were analyzed collectively. The findings reveal a positive relationship between goal setting and sports performance, with a particular emphasis on process goals and task-oriented goals, which also provide numerous psychological benefits. On the other hand, outcome goals also yield significant results, albeit to a lesser extent than the former, and they do not contribute to psychological improvement in other areas. Similarly, ego-oriented goals positively influence performance but may generate negative psychological effects under certain circumstances. Regarding the motivational climate, a combination of cooperative and competitive approaches is supported to optimize performance. Additionally, it is shown that other factors, such as feedback, the availability of facilities, and recognition, can positively influence motivation and commitment. In conclusion, setting different types of goals and having a supportive environment where cooperation and competitiveness prevail can significantly enhance sports performance and promote athletes' psychological well-being.
Direction
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Tutorships)
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Tutorships)
Court
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Student’s tutor)
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Student’s tutor)
Relationship between internalized stigma and adherence to farmacological treatment in individuals with schizophrenia: a literature review.
Authorship
C.G.V.
Psychology
C.G.V.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 11:00
07.07.2025 11:00
Summary
Schizophrenia constitutes a diagnosis that encompasses severe and chronic mental illnesses, of heterogeneous manifestation (positive symptoms, negative symptoms and cognitive alterations). People with this diagnosis suffer from discrimination rooted in a series of prejudices that stigmatizes them in the eyes of society, and once assumed by the person subject of them, then become the internalized stigma. One of the consequences internalized stigma can have, is that of acting to the detriment of one’s wellbeing by resulting in attitudes, coping mechanisms and habits that are harmful. This can be seen reflected in the adherence to treatment, a very important factor to the quality of life in the presence of a diagnosis of schizophrenia. This literature review is carried on with the objective of determining the existence and characteristics of this association between internalized stigma and treatment adherence; to achieve this, studies published in the last 5 years, that focus on this subject, are complied, carrying on a comprehensive analysis of said studies, then synthesizing the authors' findings, paying attention to the limitations and practical applications of the knowledge obtained. The conclusion of this revision is that there is a significant and negative association between internalized stigma and treatment adherence, alongside other associated variables. These results are of great value, as they bring attention to a critical and influential aspect in the quality of life of those living with a severe mental illness, allowing, by understanding it, to address it through relevant therapeutic and psychoeducational interventions, in order to diminish its consequences and improve wellbeing.
Schizophrenia constitutes a diagnosis that encompasses severe and chronic mental illnesses, of heterogeneous manifestation (positive symptoms, negative symptoms and cognitive alterations). People with this diagnosis suffer from discrimination rooted in a series of prejudices that stigmatizes them in the eyes of society, and once assumed by the person subject of them, then become the internalized stigma. One of the consequences internalized stigma can have, is that of acting to the detriment of one’s wellbeing by resulting in attitudes, coping mechanisms and habits that are harmful. This can be seen reflected in the adherence to treatment, a very important factor to the quality of life in the presence of a diagnosis of schizophrenia. This literature review is carried on with the objective of determining the existence and characteristics of this association between internalized stigma and treatment adherence; to achieve this, studies published in the last 5 years, that focus on this subject, are complied, carrying on a comprehensive analysis of said studies, then synthesizing the authors' findings, paying attention to the limitations and practical applications of the knowledge obtained. The conclusion of this revision is that there is a significant and negative association between internalized stigma and treatment adherence, alongside other associated variables. These results are of great value, as they bring attention to a critical and influential aspect in the quality of life of those living with a severe mental illness, allowing, by understanding it, to address it through relevant therapeutic and psychoeducational interventions, in order to diminish its consequences and improve wellbeing.
Direction
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Tutorships)
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Tutorships)
Court
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Student’s tutor)
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Student’s tutor)
Review of judicial rulings in cases of child sexual assault
Authorship
A.G.P.
Psychology
A.G.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:00
07.14.2025 10:00
Summary
Child sexual abuse has been and continues to be a problem of great magnitude in our society. In the year 2023, 9,185 reports of such offenses were recorded in Spain, with epidemiological studies estimating a much higher prevalence. Having been a victim of sexual assault at such an early age causes a large number of physical, psychological, socioeconomic, and educational consequences in the victims. The importance of psychology in the clinical and forensic context is highlighted as a means of protecting victims. The objective of this study is to delve deeper into sexual violence against minors, emphasizing the importance of the judicial response, especially the psychological expert report, as well as the intervention with victims. For this purpose, 60 judicial rulings issued by provincial courts between the years 2023 and 2024 regarding sexual abuse and assault of minors were randomly selected and a content analysis was conducted. Descriptive stadistics, including the chi-square test , and Student´s t-test, were performed. The results show a positive association between intrafamiliar assaults and longer duration of the agression, use of threats, as well as a younger age of the victim. It was also revealed that psychological expert reports that confirmed the existence of psychological harm significantly influenced the increase in compensation and the length of the sentences imposed. Finally, it is concluded that there is a need to intervene with underage victims in a responsible manner, following the principles of the Barnahus Model.
Child sexual abuse has been and continues to be a problem of great magnitude in our society. In the year 2023, 9,185 reports of such offenses were recorded in Spain, with epidemiological studies estimating a much higher prevalence. Having been a victim of sexual assault at such an early age causes a large number of physical, psychological, socioeconomic, and educational consequences in the victims. The importance of psychology in the clinical and forensic context is highlighted as a means of protecting victims. The objective of this study is to delve deeper into sexual violence against minors, emphasizing the importance of the judicial response, especially the psychological expert report, as well as the intervention with victims. For this purpose, 60 judicial rulings issued by provincial courts between the years 2023 and 2024 regarding sexual abuse and assault of minors were randomly selected and a content analysis was conducted. Descriptive stadistics, including the chi-square test , and Student´s t-test, were performed. The results show a positive association between intrafamiliar assaults and longer duration of the agression, use of threats, as well as a younger age of the victim. It was also revealed that psychological expert reports that confirmed the existence of psychological harm significantly influenced the increase in compensation and the length of the sentences imposed. Finally, it is concluded that there is a need to intervene with underage victims in a responsible manner, following the principles of the Barnahus Model.
Direction
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Tutorships)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Tutorships)
Court
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Student’s tutor)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Student’s tutor)
Victimization Surveys in Galicia
Authorship
J.G.N.
Psychology
J.G.N.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Victimization surveys are one of the most valid crime indicators to approach a region's crime rate. This research aims to study the victimization perceived by the Galician population during the year 2024, through a cross-sectional observational study conducted in the province of A Coruña. Victimization surveys were used to achieve this goal, as there is a better willingness to answer them compared to police statistics, especially regarding unreported crimes. A stratified probabilistic sampling was carried out based on sex, age, residence, and habitat, resulting in a final sample of 171 participants residing in 22 municipalities. A questionnaire developed by the Forensic Psychology Unit of the University of Santiago de Compostela was used, measuring lifetime victimization, crimes experienced in the past year, and personal and subjective perceptions of street safety. The results show that 61% of participants have been victims of some form of crime in their lifetime, and 43.3% in the past year. The most frequent crimes were those related to property and the socioeconomic order, followed by offenses against labor rights, physical assaults, and violations of personal freedom. Significant differences were also observed depending on some of the variables studied, both in lifetime victimization and in the feeling of safety. The study highlights the usefulness of these surveys in identifying frequent crimes, monitoring victimization patterns, and guiding prevention policies and victim support measures.
Victimization surveys are one of the most valid crime indicators to approach a region's crime rate. This research aims to study the victimization perceived by the Galician population during the year 2024, through a cross-sectional observational study conducted in the province of A Coruña. Victimization surveys were used to achieve this goal, as there is a better willingness to answer them compared to police statistics, especially regarding unreported crimes. A stratified probabilistic sampling was carried out based on sex, age, residence, and habitat, resulting in a final sample of 171 participants residing in 22 municipalities. A questionnaire developed by the Forensic Psychology Unit of the University of Santiago de Compostela was used, measuring lifetime victimization, crimes experienced in the past year, and personal and subjective perceptions of street safety. The results show that 61% of participants have been victims of some form of crime in their lifetime, and 43.3% in the past year. The most frequent crimes were those related to property and the socioeconomic order, followed by offenses against labor rights, physical assaults, and violations of personal freedom. Significant differences were also observed depending on some of the variables studied, both in lifetime victimization and in the feeling of safety. The study highlights the usefulness of these surveys in identifying frequent crimes, monitoring victimization patterns, and guiding prevention policies and victim support measures.
Direction
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Tutorships)
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Tutorships)
Court
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Chairman)
PICON PRADO, EDUARDO (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Chairman)
PICON PRADO, EDUARDO (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
Adverse Childhood Experiences and their impact on mental health in adulthood.
Authorship
D.G.L.
Psychology
D.G.L.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Research has shown that exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACE) increases the risk of developing significant psychological symptoms in adulthood. However, limited research has explored the impact of ACE on Spanish university students, as well as differences in exposure based on gender and academic field. Thus, a study was conducted with 275 university students, 170 women and 105 men. In terms of academic background, 183 students were from the health field, and 92 were from social and legal sciences. The Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire was used to assess childhood adversity, which includes the fourteen events that the literature identifies as adverse. Also, the SCL-90-R questionnaire was administered to evaluate psychological adjustment. The results indicate a higher manifestation of psychological symptoms in those who have experienced at least one ACE, with the symptoms being more pronounced in cases where the individual has experienced more than four ACE. Gender differences indicate greater exposure in women to bullying, parental substance abuse, emotional neglect and living with a caregiver with a mental illness or suicide attempt. In conclusion, it is necessary to deepen research on Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE), considering gender perspective and different academic fields, in order to design university support services that adequately meet the needs of students.
Research has shown that exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACE) increases the risk of developing significant psychological symptoms in adulthood. However, limited research has explored the impact of ACE on Spanish university students, as well as differences in exposure based on gender and academic field. Thus, a study was conducted with 275 university students, 170 women and 105 men. In terms of academic background, 183 students were from the health field, and 92 were from social and legal sciences. The Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire was used to assess childhood adversity, which includes the fourteen events that the literature identifies as adverse. Also, the SCL-90-R questionnaire was administered to evaluate psychological adjustment. The results indicate a higher manifestation of psychological symptoms in those who have experienced at least one ACE, with the symptoms being more pronounced in cases where the individual has experienced more than four ACE. Gender differences indicate greater exposure in women to bullying, parental substance abuse, emotional neglect and living with a caregiver with a mental illness or suicide attempt. In conclusion, it is necessary to deepen research on Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE), considering gender perspective and different academic fields, in order to design university support services that adequately meet the needs of students.
Direction
Novo Pérez, Mercedes (Tutorships)
Novo Pérez, Mercedes (Tutorships)
Court
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Chairman)
PICON PRADO, EDUARDO (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Chairman)
PICON PRADO, EDUARDO (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
Efficacy of Combined-Frequency tACS in Enhancing Memory in Populations with Cognitive Impairment.
Authorship
E.G.A.
Psychology
E.G.A.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Dementia constitutes an increasing economic and social burden, highlighting the need for effective interventions to mitigate or prevent its symptoms. Alzheimer disease is the most common form, with a continuum including early stages such as subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Memory loss, a key symptom, is linked to altered brain oscillatory activity, which can be modulated by transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS). The present study assessed for the first time the efficacy of theta-gamma cross-frequency tACS to improve memory performance in 30 participants with SCD and MCI. Multiple sessions of real and sham tACS combined with cognitive computarised training were applied, in a counterbalanced single-blind within-subjects design. It was hypothesised that memory performance would be enhanced in the real tACS condition compared to sham, and that there would be moderating effects from between-subject variables (diagnostic group, age, education and sex). However, results showed neither significant differences between stimulation conditions nor moderating effects from between-subject factors. These findings suggest theta-gamma tACS does not improve memory in individuals with SCD and MCI, underscoring the need for further research to develop more effective stimulation protocols for this specific population group.
Dementia constitutes an increasing economic and social burden, highlighting the need for effective interventions to mitigate or prevent its symptoms. Alzheimer disease is the most common form, with a continuum including early stages such as subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Memory loss, a key symptom, is linked to altered brain oscillatory activity, which can be modulated by transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS). The present study assessed for the first time the efficacy of theta-gamma cross-frequency tACS to improve memory performance in 30 participants with SCD and MCI. Multiple sessions of real and sham tACS combined with cognitive computarised training were applied, in a counterbalanced single-blind within-subjects design. It was hypothesised that memory performance would be enhanced in the real tACS condition compared to sham, and that there would be moderating effects from between-subject variables (diagnostic group, age, education and sex). However, results showed neither significant differences between stimulation conditions nor moderating effects from between-subject factors. These findings suggest theta-gamma tACS does not improve memory in individuals with SCD and MCI, underscoring the need for further research to develop more effective stimulation protocols for this specific population group.
Direction
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Tutorships)
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Tutorships)
Court
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Chairman)
Sampedro Vizcaya, María José (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Member)
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Chairman)
Sampedro Vizcaya, María José (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Member)
Impulsivity and its relationship with binge drinking among university students
Authorship
R.G.M.
Psychology
R.G.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 10:30
07.15.2025 10:30
Summary
Binge Drinking (BD) is a common risky behaviour among university students, with multiple negative consequences for health and well-being. Impulsivity has been identified as one of the most relevant psychological factors associated with this pattern of consumption. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between the different dimensions of impulsivity and binge drinking, as well as to explore possible differences based on gender. The sample consisted of 160 first-year students at the University of Santiago de Compostela, aged between 18 and 19 (87 women and 73 men). The Spanish version of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) and the Galician adaptation of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) were used. Descriptive and correlational analyses, multiple regressions and Student's t-tests for independent samples were performed. The results showed that total impulsivity and its specific dimensions were significantly and positively correlated with heavy alcohol consumption. Multiple regression indicated that cognitive and unplanned impulsivity were significant predictors of AUDIT. No significant differences were found between men and women in terms of impulsivity levels or alcohol consumption. These findings reinforce the relevance of impulsivity as a factor associated with CIA in the university setting and suggest the usefulness of preventive interventions focused on self-regulation skills training.
Binge Drinking (BD) is a common risky behaviour among university students, with multiple negative consequences for health and well-being. Impulsivity has been identified as one of the most relevant psychological factors associated with this pattern of consumption. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between the different dimensions of impulsivity and binge drinking, as well as to explore possible differences based on gender. The sample consisted of 160 first-year students at the University of Santiago de Compostela, aged between 18 and 19 (87 women and 73 men). The Spanish version of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) and the Galician adaptation of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) were used. Descriptive and correlational analyses, multiple regressions and Student's t-tests for independent samples were performed. The results showed that total impulsivity and its specific dimensions were significantly and positively correlated with heavy alcohol consumption. Multiple regression indicated that cognitive and unplanned impulsivity were significant predictors of AUDIT. No significant differences were found between men and women in terms of impulsivity levels or alcohol consumption. These findings reinforce the relevance of impulsivity as a factor associated with CIA in the university setting and suggest the usefulness of preventive interventions focused on self-regulation skills training.
Direction
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Tutorships)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Tutorships)
Court
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Student’s tutor)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Student’s tutor)
Social media addiction in adolescents: Risk factors and impact on psychological adjustment.
Authorship
X.G.J.
Psychology
X.G.J.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 11:00
07.15.2025 11:00
Summary
This paper aims to analyze the impact of problematic social media use on the psychological adjustment of adolescents. Through the analysis of empirical studies published between 2020 and 2025, we identify both the risk factors and the emotional and social consequences of this phenomenon. Adolescence is a particularly sensitive period for the use of digital technologies, and unregulated use of these platforms can generate negative consequences for mental health. The results show a bidirectional relationship between excessive social media use and symptoms of depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, and difficulties in emotional regulation. Predisposing factors such as neuroticism, disinhibition, FOMO, intolerance of discomfort, and difficulty managing boredom appear as relevant predictors that facilitate compulsive use patterns. Furthermore, it is confirmed that passive use and the algorithmic design of the platforms intensify the negative effects, especially in female adolescents, who are more vulnerable to social comparison and the search for validation. Significant psychosocial consequences are also evident, such as sleep disturbances, attention difficulties, interpersonal conflicts, and poor academic performance. The paper concludes by highlighting the need for gender-sensitive preventive interventions and digital and emotional literacy programs in the educational context.
This paper aims to analyze the impact of problematic social media use on the psychological adjustment of adolescents. Through the analysis of empirical studies published between 2020 and 2025, we identify both the risk factors and the emotional and social consequences of this phenomenon. Adolescence is a particularly sensitive period for the use of digital technologies, and unregulated use of these platforms can generate negative consequences for mental health. The results show a bidirectional relationship between excessive social media use and symptoms of depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, and difficulties in emotional regulation. Predisposing factors such as neuroticism, disinhibition, FOMO, intolerance of discomfort, and difficulty managing boredom appear as relevant predictors that facilitate compulsive use patterns. Furthermore, it is confirmed that passive use and the algorithmic design of the platforms intensify the negative effects, especially in female adolescents, who are more vulnerable to social comparison and the search for validation. Significant psychosocial consequences are also evident, such as sleep disturbances, attention difficulties, interpersonal conflicts, and poor academic performance. The paper concludes by highlighting the need for gender-sensitive preventive interventions and digital and emotional literacy programs in the educational context.
Direction
CASTRO BALSA, MARIA JOSEFA (Tutorships)
Villar García, Eva (Co-tutorships)
CASTRO BALSA, MARIA JOSEFA (Tutorships)
Villar García, Eva (Co-tutorships)
Court
CASTRO BALSA, MARIA JOSEFA (Student’s tutor)
Villar García, Eva (Student’s tutor)
CASTRO BALSA, MARIA JOSEFA (Student’s tutor)
Villar García, Eva (Student’s tutor)
Psychosocial factors involved in attitudes toward tourism development and the intention to participate in the antitouristification movement in Galiza
Authorship
C.G.L.
Psychology
C.G.L.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 10:30
07.15.2025 10:30
Summary
In the past two summers, Spain has experienced a steady increase in tourist arrivals, breaking record after record and sparking growing debate about the consequences of touristification procesess: territorial transformations, proliferation of short-term tourist rentals at the expense of permanent housing, a rising cost living and the increasing vulnerability of fragile ecosystems. This study aims to identify the factors that predict the intention to participate in collective protest actions against the current tourism model, using a sample of university students in Galicia.To explore the formation of attitudes and individual predispositions toward tourism, we drew on the frameworks of Social Exchange Theory, Social Identity Theory and the Theory of Reasoned Action. Our central research question posed was: Which psychosocial factors explain the intention to mobilize? A quantitative correlational study was conducted with a sample of 266 university students from Galicia. Data was collected regarding intention to mobilize, our dependent variable, and a range of independent variables: place attachment, place identity, sense of community, enviromental awareness, political ideology, economic dependence on tourism, percepcion of tourism impacts, attitudes toward tourisim development and knowledge of previous protest actions. The binary logistic regression analysis revealed six significant predictors: enviromental awareness, awareness of previous protests, political ideology, economic dependence on tourism, percepcion of tourism impacts, attitudes toward tourism developement. In contrast, no significant effect was found for place attachment, place identity or sense of community. We conclude that ecological values, political ideology, economic dependency and exposure to protest-related information are key variables in understanding attitudes and intention to participate in protest actions against touristification
In the past two summers, Spain has experienced a steady increase in tourist arrivals, breaking record after record and sparking growing debate about the consequences of touristification procesess: territorial transformations, proliferation of short-term tourist rentals at the expense of permanent housing, a rising cost living and the increasing vulnerability of fragile ecosystems. This study aims to identify the factors that predict the intention to participate in collective protest actions against the current tourism model, using a sample of university students in Galicia.To explore the formation of attitudes and individual predispositions toward tourism, we drew on the frameworks of Social Exchange Theory, Social Identity Theory and the Theory of Reasoned Action. Our central research question posed was: Which psychosocial factors explain the intention to mobilize? A quantitative correlational study was conducted with a sample of 266 university students from Galicia. Data was collected regarding intention to mobilize, our dependent variable, and a range of independent variables: place attachment, place identity, sense of community, enviromental awareness, political ideology, economic dependence on tourism, percepcion of tourism impacts, attitudes toward tourisim development and knowledge of previous protest actions. The binary logistic regression analysis revealed six significant predictors: enviromental awareness, awareness of previous protests, political ideology, economic dependence on tourism, percepcion of tourism impacts, attitudes toward tourism developement. In contrast, no significant effect was found for place attachment, place identity or sense of community. We conclude that ecological values, political ideology, economic dependency and exposure to protest-related information are key variables in understanding attitudes and intention to participate in protest actions against touristification
Direction
Dono Martín, Marcos (Tutorships)
DOCAMPO LOPEZ, LAURA (Co-tutorships)
Dono Martín, Marcos (Tutorships)
DOCAMPO LOPEZ, LAURA (Co-tutorships)
Court
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Chairman)
NIETO VIEITES, ANA (Secretary)
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Member)
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Chairman)
NIETO VIEITES, ANA (Secretary)
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Member)
Undergraduate dissertation
Authorship
C.G.S.
Psychology
C.G.S.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 10:30
07.15.2025 10:30
Summary
This Final Degree Project studies the relationship between the satisfaction of students' basic psychological needs (autonomy, relatedness and competence) and their self-regulated learning (SRL). It is essential to understand self-regulated learning as an active process in which students are able to guide their emotions, select strategies or achieve the proposed objectives. It also includes the use of metacognitive skills in the course of such learning, as well as the consideration of the impact of BPNs. Therefore, a total of 12 articles were reviewed, through a systematized search process, in which the relationship between SRL and the satisfaction of BPNs in students was explored. Thus, a positive association was found between autonomous types of motivation, positive academic results or the increased use of self-regulatory strategies, with the satisfaction of the three BPNs. This is why we conclude with the need to adapt the educational environments and the teaching environment to promote the satisfaction of these BPNs and to encourage a more autonomous and self-directed study. It also advocates a consideration of the emotional, motivational and social context of students when designing their learning environment.
This Final Degree Project studies the relationship between the satisfaction of students' basic psychological needs (autonomy, relatedness and competence) and their self-regulated learning (SRL). It is essential to understand self-regulated learning as an active process in which students are able to guide their emotions, select strategies or achieve the proposed objectives. It also includes the use of metacognitive skills in the course of such learning, as well as the consideration of the impact of BPNs. Therefore, a total of 12 articles were reviewed, through a systematized search process, in which the relationship between SRL and the satisfaction of BPNs in students was explored. Thus, a positive association was found between autonomous types of motivation, positive academic results or the increased use of self-regulatory strategies, with the satisfaction of the three BPNs. This is why we conclude with the need to adapt the educational environments and the teaching environment to promote the satisfaction of these BPNs and to encourage a more autonomous and self-directed study. It also advocates a consideration of the emotional, motivational and social context of students when designing their learning environment.
Direction
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Tutorships)
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Tutorships)
Court
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Student’s tutor)
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Student’s tutor)
Time perception in individuals with ADHD
Authorship
P.G.M.
Psychology
P.G.M.
Psychology
Defense date
02.13.2025 12:00
02.13.2025 12:00
Summary
This thesis provides a comprehensive review of the relationship between time perception and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Through a theoretical framework that covers key definitions, the study addresses various aspects that influence temporal perception in children with ADHD compared to those without the disorder. Firstly, the differences in temporal perception between both groups are analyzed, detailing how ADHD affects the ability to perceive and manage time. Next, the brain mechanisms involved in time perception are explored, emphasizing the brain structures implicated in these processes. Additionally, variations in responses to external stimuli are examined, which are altered in individuals with ADHD. The study also identifies factors that influence the measurement of time perception, considering environmental, cognitive, and emotional influences. In doing so, it highlights the importance of these factors in interpreting results from time-related tasks. Furthermore, the impact of stimulus presentation type on performing time-related tasks is addressed, emphasizing differences between visual, auditory, and other types of stimuli. Both classical theories and new perspectives on the sense of time are reviewed, providing a broader conceptual framework for understanding temporal perception disorders in ADHD. Lastly, the neurological alterations associated with ADHD, as well as gender differences in temporal perception, are discussed. The thesis concludes with potential implications for future research and practical applications, proposing new research lines and potential therapeutic approaches. Time perception; ADHD; Brain function; Emotional influences; Gender differences
This thesis provides a comprehensive review of the relationship between time perception and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Through a theoretical framework that covers key definitions, the study addresses various aspects that influence temporal perception in children with ADHD compared to those without the disorder. Firstly, the differences in temporal perception between both groups are analyzed, detailing how ADHD affects the ability to perceive and manage time. Next, the brain mechanisms involved in time perception are explored, emphasizing the brain structures implicated in these processes. Additionally, variations in responses to external stimuli are examined, which are altered in individuals with ADHD. The study also identifies factors that influence the measurement of time perception, considering environmental, cognitive, and emotional influences. In doing so, it highlights the importance of these factors in interpreting results from time-related tasks. Furthermore, the impact of stimulus presentation type on performing time-related tasks is addressed, emphasizing differences between visual, auditory, and other types of stimuli. Both classical theories and new perspectives on the sense of time are reviewed, providing a broader conceptual framework for understanding temporal perception disorders in ADHD. Lastly, the neurological alterations associated with ADHD, as well as gender differences in temporal perception, are discussed. The thesis concludes with potential implications for future research and practical applications, proposing new research lines and potential therapeutic approaches. Time perception; ADHD; Brain function; Emotional influences; Gender differences
Direction
BLANCO RIAL, MANUEL JOSE (Tutorships)
BLANCO RIAL, MANUEL JOSE (Tutorships)
Court
BLANCO RIAL, MANUEL JOSE (Student’s tutor)
BLANCO RIAL, MANUEL JOSE (Student’s tutor)
Social Media, Fear of Missing Out (FoMO), and Cognitive Reasoning: A study on the relationship between cognitive variables and digital behavior
Authorship
K.G.F.
Psychology
K.G.F.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Social media have evolved from mere communication platforms and have become spaces that shape our way of being, thinking, and relating to others. Their constant presence, especially among young people, has raised concerns about the formation of habits mediated by algorithms whose functioning is rarely fully understood. By deciding which content to display and which to suppress, they frame reality and influence our ideas and preferences. Under the framework of the dual models of cognition and the theory of the extended mind, this research explores whether the digital environment reinforces fast and intuitive processing (Type 1), to the detriment of more analytical and deliberative processes (Type 2). Variables such as time spent online, frequency of checking notifications, FoMO, and addiction-like symptoms (BSMAS) were analysed in relation to cognitive reflection (CRT) and actively open-minded thinking (AOT). Descriptive, correlational, and regression analyses were conducted to assess the explanatory weight of these dimensions. The results show negative associations between cognitive dispositions and the other variables, while CRT and AOT maintain a positive association. Additionally, it was found that errors in the CRT are not solely attributable to inhibitory failure. Moreover, a trend was also observed among participants: profiles with low AOT exhibit lower CRT scores and higher digital use, a pattern that is reversed in profiles with high AOT. Finally, AOT was positively predicted by CRT and negatively by FoMO, time spent online, and frequency of checking notifications, with the model accounting for 43% of the variance.
Social media have evolved from mere communication platforms and have become spaces that shape our way of being, thinking, and relating to others. Their constant presence, especially among young people, has raised concerns about the formation of habits mediated by algorithms whose functioning is rarely fully understood. By deciding which content to display and which to suppress, they frame reality and influence our ideas and preferences. Under the framework of the dual models of cognition and the theory of the extended mind, this research explores whether the digital environment reinforces fast and intuitive processing (Type 1), to the detriment of more analytical and deliberative processes (Type 2). Variables such as time spent online, frequency of checking notifications, FoMO, and addiction-like symptoms (BSMAS) were analysed in relation to cognitive reflection (CRT) and actively open-minded thinking (AOT). Descriptive, correlational, and regression analyses were conducted to assess the explanatory weight of these dimensions. The results show negative associations between cognitive dispositions and the other variables, while CRT and AOT maintain a positive association. Additionally, it was found that errors in the CRT are not solely attributable to inhibitory failure. Moreover, a trend was also observed among participants: profiles with low AOT exhibit lower CRT scores and higher digital use, a pattern that is reversed in profiles with high AOT. Finally, AOT was positively predicted by CRT and negatively by FoMO, time spent online, and frequency of checking notifications, with the model accounting for 43% of the variance.
Direction
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Tutorships)
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Tutorships)
Court
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Chairman)
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Secretary)
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Member)
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Chairman)
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Secretary)
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Member)
Basic mechanisms underlying intentional forgetting
Authorship
M.G.A.
Psychology
M.G.A.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
Intentional forgetting is a tool, both necessary and versatile, central to the correct functioning of memory as well as the maintenance of psychological well-being and functioning in daily life. Despite various investigations and enquiries into the underlying mechanisms behind targeted forgetting there is a marked lack of scholarly understanding (Gamboa et.al., 2022). It has been shown that forgetting caused by suppression of harmful memories acts as a crucial ability for maintaining a good mental health, especially when related to disorders in which these memories are nonadaptive or defective. Recent Neurological studies propose evidence related to the active role of the brain in inhibiting recovery of certain memories through a process of specific cognitive and neurochemical mechanisms (Costanzi et al., 2021). The following dissertation will look at contemporary scientific works about the cognitive mechanisms involved in intentional forgetting such as: suppression, forgetting induced by suppression (Retrieval Induced Suppression, RIF), and inhibitory control. We shall address these key points by looking at experimental paradigms and we shall pay special attention to the Think/No-Think (TNT) model. Aiming to integrate recent findings and expanding our understanding of the basic mechanisms which act as the backbone for motivated forgetting, ten experimental studies shall be compared and analysed. The findings collected in this dissertation reinforce the idea that motivated forgetting is a complex phenomenon without a single underlying process, although the role of inhibitory control as a key mechanism does stand out. Furthermore, it has been observed that direct suppression reduces the accessibility of unwanted memories but it does not remove them, and that this mechanism varies due to a variety of individual factors such as the perceived psychological-regulation.
Intentional forgetting is a tool, both necessary and versatile, central to the correct functioning of memory as well as the maintenance of psychological well-being and functioning in daily life. Despite various investigations and enquiries into the underlying mechanisms behind targeted forgetting there is a marked lack of scholarly understanding (Gamboa et.al., 2022). It has been shown that forgetting caused by suppression of harmful memories acts as a crucial ability for maintaining a good mental health, especially when related to disorders in which these memories are nonadaptive or defective. Recent Neurological studies propose evidence related to the active role of the brain in inhibiting recovery of certain memories through a process of specific cognitive and neurochemical mechanisms (Costanzi et al., 2021). The following dissertation will look at contemporary scientific works about the cognitive mechanisms involved in intentional forgetting such as: suppression, forgetting induced by suppression (Retrieval Induced Suppression, RIF), and inhibitory control. We shall address these key points by looking at experimental paradigms and we shall pay special attention to the Think/No-Think (TNT) model. Aiming to integrate recent findings and expanding our understanding of the basic mechanisms which act as the backbone for motivated forgetting, ten experimental studies shall be compared and analysed. The findings collected in this dissertation reinforce the idea that motivated forgetting is a complex phenomenon without a single underlying process, although the role of inhibitory control as a key mechanism does stand out. Furthermore, it has been observed that direct suppression reduces the accessibility of unwanted memories but it does not remove them, and that this mechanism varies due to a variety of individual factors such as the perceived psychological-regulation.
Direction
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Tutorships)
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Tutorships)
Court
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Student’s tutor)
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Student’s tutor)
Leisure activities and cognitive reserve: main indicators and analysis of the impact on cognitive performance
Authorship
I.H.R.
Psychology
I.H.R.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 11:30
07.16.2025 11:30
Summary
The present Bachelor's Thesis (TFG) carries out a systematic bibliographic review of the most recent scientific literature in databases on leisure activities that are related to cognitive reserve (CR), analyzing how these activities impact cognitive performance. Given that the world population is increasingly aging and that the relationship between aging and cognitive functioning is negative, it is of great interest to identify which activities can promote healthy cognitive aging, showing special interest in activities practiced during aging, as these are the only modifiable ones. A systematic search was carried out in Dialnet, PsycInfo, and WOS, and among the articles found, 11 were selected for meeting the criteria of this review. The results showed that leisure activities in old age such as handicrafts, mentally stimulating, artistic, and physical activities produce improvements in CR performance and in general cognitive health, producing improvements in the performance of memory tasks, executive function, visuospatial domain, motor unctioning, visuomotor, auditory-motor, verbal reasoning, learning, and verbal fluency. It is worth noting that passive leisure activities (TV, radio, going to the cinema...) were the only ones that did not show a positive relationship with CR, although they may be beneficial in other areas. Taking these results into account, we cannot forget the limitations of these studies (mostly cross-sectional, non-equitable samples, self-reported classification, etc.), promoting the need for more studies that address these biases in order to promote a more active, autonomous, and healthy aging.
The present Bachelor's Thesis (TFG) carries out a systematic bibliographic review of the most recent scientific literature in databases on leisure activities that are related to cognitive reserve (CR), analyzing how these activities impact cognitive performance. Given that the world population is increasingly aging and that the relationship between aging and cognitive functioning is negative, it is of great interest to identify which activities can promote healthy cognitive aging, showing special interest in activities practiced during aging, as these are the only modifiable ones. A systematic search was carried out in Dialnet, PsycInfo, and WOS, and among the articles found, 11 were selected for meeting the criteria of this review. The results showed that leisure activities in old age such as handicrafts, mentally stimulating, artistic, and physical activities produce improvements in CR performance and in general cognitive health, producing improvements in the performance of memory tasks, executive function, visuospatial domain, motor unctioning, visuomotor, auditory-motor, verbal reasoning, learning, and verbal fluency. It is worth noting that passive leisure activities (TV, radio, going to the cinema...) were the only ones that did not show a positive relationship with CR, although they may be beneficial in other areas. Taking these results into account, we cannot forget the limitations of these studies (mostly cross-sectional, non-equitable samples, self-reported classification, etc.), promoting the need for more studies that address these biases in order to promote a more active, autonomous, and healthy aging.
Direction
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Tutorships)
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Tutorships)
Court
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Student’s tutor)
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Student’s tutor)
Menstruation and comprehensive health: emotional, educational and social impact from a critical perspective.
Authorship
P.H.P.
Psychology
P.H.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 11:30
07.15.2025 11:30
Summary
Menstruation is a natural physiological process that affects half of the world’s population for around 40 years. Despite this and its universality, it remains a taboo topic in many cultures, often associated with shame, stigma and misinformation. As a result, the real repercussions of the menstrual cycle on daily life, especially for young people, have been rendered invisible. This paper aims to explore the current state of research addressing the impact of menstruation on the mental health, academic, and social spheres of menstruating individuals, focusing on adolescents and young women, through a literature review of 14 articles published between 2018 and the present. The results show how menstrual symptoms affect emotional well-being (anxiety, depression, irritability, insomnia), academic performance (absences, low grades, lack of concentration) and social life (isolation, stigma, limitations in relationships). Although some studies approach these dimensions comprehensively, the majority present them in a fragmented way, hindering a holistic understanding of menstrual health. Furthermore, a strong lack of early menstrual education was identified, focused almost exclusively on biological aspects, without addressing social or emotional components. It is recommended to develop inclusive educational programs where safe spaces can be created to discuss menstruation without taboos. The study also denounces the scarcity of interdisciplinary research and the lack of specific public policies are also denounced, despite this being a reality that affects more than half of the population. It is concluded that menstruation must be recognized as a central issue of public health, equity and rights.
Menstruation is a natural physiological process that affects half of the world’s population for around 40 years. Despite this and its universality, it remains a taboo topic in many cultures, often associated with shame, stigma and misinformation. As a result, the real repercussions of the menstrual cycle on daily life, especially for young people, have been rendered invisible. This paper aims to explore the current state of research addressing the impact of menstruation on the mental health, academic, and social spheres of menstruating individuals, focusing on adolescents and young women, through a literature review of 14 articles published between 2018 and the present. The results show how menstrual symptoms affect emotional well-being (anxiety, depression, irritability, insomnia), academic performance (absences, low grades, lack of concentration) and social life (isolation, stigma, limitations in relationships). Although some studies approach these dimensions comprehensively, the majority present them in a fragmented way, hindering a holistic understanding of menstrual health. Furthermore, a strong lack of early menstrual education was identified, focused almost exclusively on biological aspects, without addressing social or emotional components. It is recommended to develop inclusive educational programs where safe spaces can be created to discuss menstruation without taboos. The study also denounces the scarcity of interdisciplinary research and the lack of specific public policies are also denounced, despite this being a reality that affects more than half of the population. It is concluded that menstruation must be recognized as a central issue of public health, equity and rights.
Direction
CASTRO BALSA, MARIA JOSEFA (Tutorships)
Villar García, Eva (Co-tutorships)
CASTRO BALSA, MARIA JOSEFA (Tutorships)
Villar García, Eva (Co-tutorships)
Court
CASTRO BALSA, MARIA JOSEFA (Student’s tutor)
Villar García, Eva (Student’s tutor)
CASTRO BALSA, MARIA JOSEFA (Student’s tutor)
Villar García, Eva (Student’s tutor)
Compulsive Buying and Eating Disorders: a systematic review
Authorship
Z.I.C.
Psychology
Z.I.C.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Compulsive Buying (CB) is a phenomenon characterized by recurrent and uncontrollable impulses and/or thoughts related to shopping, which persist despite their negative consequences in different areas of functioning. This disturbance tends to manifest alongside other conditions, including Eating Disorders (ED), defined by dysfunctional eating patterns accompanied by a distorted perception of body image. In this context, the purpose of the present review is to consult the scientific literature addressing the relationship between CC and ED. For this purpose, an exhaustive search was conducted in the Scopus, Pubmed and Proquest databases, selecting 15 original research articles. The findings support the existence of a significant link between both disorders, being this more evident when EDs include binge eating or purging behaviors. Shared underlying traits were found, such as deficits in effortful and inhibitory control abilities, although CC was mainly linked to impulsivity and EDs to anxiety. Likewise, gender differences were observed in the manifestation of this comorbid expression, with young women forming an at-risk group. This greater vulnerability was related to sociocultural factors and high rates of body dissatisfaction. The results of this review guide the development of preventive programs and appropriate therapeutic approaches for patients with comorbid CB and ED.
Compulsive Buying (CB) is a phenomenon characterized by recurrent and uncontrollable impulses and/or thoughts related to shopping, which persist despite their negative consequences in different areas of functioning. This disturbance tends to manifest alongside other conditions, including Eating Disorders (ED), defined by dysfunctional eating patterns accompanied by a distorted perception of body image. In this context, the purpose of the present review is to consult the scientific literature addressing the relationship between CC and ED. For this purpose, an exhaustive search was conducted in the Scopus, Pubmed and Proquest databases, selecting 15 original research articles. The findings support the existence of a significant link between both disorders, being this more evident when EDs include binge eating or purging behaviors. Shared underlying traits were found, such as deficits in effortful and inhibitory control abilities, although CC was mainly linked to impulsivity and EDs to anxiety. Likewise, gender differences were observed in the manifestation of this comorbid expression, with young women forming an at-risk group. This greater vulnerability was related to sociocultural factors and high rates of body dissatisfaction. The results of this review guide the development of preventive programs and appropriate therapeutic approaches for patients with comorbid CB and ED.
Direction
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Tutorships)
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Tutorships)
Court
BECOÑA IGLESIAS, ELISARDO (Chairman)
REDONDO LAGO, JAIME MAURO (Secretary)
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Member)
BECOÑA IGLESIAS, ELISARDO (Chairman)
REDONDO LAGO, JAIME MAURO (Secretary)
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Member)
Relationship between Problematic Internet Use, sleep hygiene, and emotional well-being in adolescents
Authorship
L.I.M.
Psychology
L.I.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Over the years, the Internet has become a fundamental part of teenagers' lives, with social media being a phenomenon that has attracted considerable interest among them. Although these technologies can have significant positive effects, their problematic use carries risks that can affect young people at this stage of development. One factor that can be altered is sleep hygiene, which has negative consequences on both a physical and emotional level. The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between Problematic Internet Use and sleep hygiene, as well as emotional well-being, life satisfaction and somatic symptoms. To this end, a sample of 7,065 teenagers aged between 12 and 16 (M = 13.85; SD = 1.223) was used. The results show that the prevalence of PIU is 24% and that it is associated with a higher frequency of risky online behaviour and poorer sleep hygiene. In turn, poor sleep hygiene is related to lower emotional well-being, lower life satisfaction and higher somatic symptoms. In addition, significant differences were observed based on gender. The findings are useful both practically and theoretically, and encourage further research into this issue.
Over the years, the Internet has become a fundamental part of teenagers' lives, with social media being a phenomenon that has attracted considerable interest among them. Although these technologies can have significant positive effects, their problematic use carries risks that can affect young people at this stage of development. One factor that can be altered is sleep hygiene, which has negative consequences on both a physical and emotional level. The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between Problematic Internet Use and sleep hygiene, as well as emotional well-being, life satisfaction and somatic symptoms. To this end, a sample of 7,065 teenagers aged between 12 and 16 (M = 13.85; SD = 1.223) was used. The results show that the prevalence of PIU is 24% and that it is associated with a higher frequency of risky online behaviour and poorer sleep hygiene. In turn, poor sleep hygiene is related to lower emotional well-being, lower life satisfaction and higher somatic symptoms. In addition, significant differences were observed based on gender. The findings are useful both practically and theoretically, and encourage further research into this issue.
Direction
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Tutorships)
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Tutorships)
Court
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Student’s tutor)
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Student’s tutor)
The association between traditional masculinity and male violence against women
Authorship
M.L.D.
Psychology
M.L.D.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 10:30
07.15.2025 10:30
Summary
The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between adherence to traditional masculinity and intimate partner violence perpetrated by men against women. It analyzes how certain masculine ideals -such as control, emotional toughness, and self-sufficiency- act as risk factors for the use of violence, especially when combined with variables such as masculine gender role stress (MGRS), low self-esteem, or limited emotional competence. The evidence indicates that these factors do not operate alone but interact and increase the likelihood of aggressive behavior, particularly when men perceive their masculinity is being threatened. Based on the analysis of the results, the study concludes that this relationship is strong and that several mediating factors can be identified. Research in this field continues to evolve, and there is still a long way to go in testing explanatory hypotheses; nevertheless, the study of violence against women continues to provide highly valuable evidence.
The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between adherence to traditional masculinity and intimate partner violence perpetrated by men against women. It analyzes how certain masculine ideals -such as control, emotional toughness, and self-sufficiency- act as risk factors for the use of violence, especially when combined with variables such as masculine gender role stress (MGRS), low self-esteem, or limited emotional competence. The evidence indicates that these factors do not operate alone but interact and increase the likelihood of aggressive behavior, particularly when men perceive their masculinity is being threatened. Based on the analysis of the results, the study concludes that this relationship is strong and that several mediating factors can be identified. Research in this field continues to evolve, and there is still a long way to go in testing explanatory hypotheses; nevertheless, the study of violence against women continues to provide highly valuable evidence.
Direction
Mirón Redondo, María Lourdes (Tutorships)
Mirón Redondo, María Lourdes (Tutorships)
Court
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Chairman)
NIETO VIEITES, ANA (Secretary)
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Member)
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Chairman)
NIETO VIEITES, ANA (Secretary)
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Member)
Lost in translation: Analysis of the differential affective processing in bilinguals and its physiological correlates
Authorship
A.L.G.
Psychology
A.L.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
There is considerable consensus regarding the mitigation of emotional aspects of language, as well as the effectiveness with which it is processed, when information is presented in a foreign language (L2) compared to the native language (L1). This phenomenon is known as the foreign language effect, and while it used to be described based on subjective experiences, over the last 20 years it has been the subject of empirical research within the field of language psychology. The present review aims to examine the main results obtained in this research. To do so, the physiological and behavioral differences between L1 and L2 will be analyzed, and therefore studies that use pupil dilation, skin conductance response, response times, and correct answer rates as dependent variables were included. This analysis is intended to result in a delineation of the foreign language effect, as well as the factors that modulate it, and finally, to present the various explanatory theories in this regard.
There is considerable consensus regarding the mitigation of emotional aspects of language, as well as the effectiveness with which it is processed, when information is presented in a foreign language (L2) compared to the native language (L1). This phenomenon is known as the foreign language effect, and while it used to be described based on subjective experiences, over the last 20 years it has been the subject of empirical research within the field of language psychology. The present review aims to examine the main results obtained in this research. To do so, the physiological and behavioral differences between L1 and L2 will be analyzed, and therefore studies that use pupil dilation, skin conductance response, response times, and correct answer rates as dependent variables were included. This analysis is intended to result in a delineation of the foreign language effect, as well as the factors that modulate it, and finally, to present the various explanatory theories in this regard.
Direction
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Tutorships)
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Tutorships)
Court
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Chairman)
GOMEZ FRAGUELA, Xosé Antón (Secretary)
JIMENEZ GARCIA, LUIS MIGUEL (Member)
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Chairman)
GOMEZ FRAGUELA, Xosé Antón (Secretary)
JIMENEZ GARCIA, LUIS MIGUEL (Member)
Relationship between time spent on social social media and self-esteem in adolescence. A quick review.
Authorship
Y.A.L.J.
Psychology
Y.A.L.J.
Psychology
Defense date
02.13.2025 10:30
02.13.2025 10:30
Summary
Adolescence is a stage of growth and formation marked by physical, emotional and social changes that are fundamental for emotional well-being and psychological development. In this context, the use of social media has acquired special importance, since adolescents have been adapting to these new technological tools as they have emerged, shaping their individual and collective development. The aim of this Final Degree Project was to know the relationship between the time spent using social media and self-esteem in adolescence. For this purpose, a rapid literature review was carried out, consisting of an initial search for systematic reviews in Epistemonikos and a systematic search for primary studies in the Pubmed database. After application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the total number of articles included in the review was 8. The synthesis of the evidence shows that most of the studies found a statistically significant negative relationship between self-esteem and time spent using social media. At an applied level, these results point to the need to develop preventive programs on the use of social media in both school and family settings. Future research could further investigate the role of possible mediating variables in the relationship between self-esteem and social media use, such as loneliness.
Adolescence is a stage of growth and formation marked by physical, emotional and social changes that are fundamental for emotional well-being and psychological development. In this context, the use of social media has acquired special importance, since adolescents have been adapting to these new technological tools as they have emerged, shaping their individual and collective development. The aim of this Final Degree Project was to know the relationship between the time spent using social media and self-esteem in adolescence. For this purpose, a rapid literature review was carried out, consisting of an initial search for systematic reviews in Epistemonikos and a systematic search for primary studies in the Pubmed database. After application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the total number of articles included in the review was 8. The synthesis of the evidence shows that most of the studies found a statistically significant negative relationship between self-esteem and time spent using social media. At an applied level, these results point to the need to develop preventive programs on the use of social media in both school and family settings. Future research could further investigate the role of possible mediating variables in the relationship between self-esteem and social media use, such as loneliness.
Direction
Gómez Salgado, Patricia (Tutorships)
Gómez Salgado, Patricia (Tutorships)
Court
Mirón Redondo, María Lourdes (Chairman)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Secretary)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Member)
Mirón Redondo, María Lourdes (Chairman)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Secretary)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Member)
Relationship Between Problematic Internet Use and Adolescents’ Emotional Health: An Empirical Study.
Authorship
L.L.D.
Psychology
L.L.D.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 11:00
07.07.2025 11:00
Summary
The use of the Internet and social media has increased considerably in recent years, raising growing concerns about their potential implications for adolescents’ mental health, particularly in cases of inappropriate or problematic use of new technologies. Adolescence is a critical stage for emotional development, which increases vulnerability to risk factors associated with psychological distress. One of these factors, and the focus of this study, is Problematic Internet Use (PIU), a phenomenon whose terminology and classification remain under discussion. Given the current relevance of this issue, the present study aims to provide empirical evidence on Problematic Internet Use and its emotional health consequences, using a sample of 7,065 adolescents from Galicia, aged between 12 and 16. The results reveal a PIU prevalence of 27.9% among girls and 20.3% among boys. Regarding educational level, 21.6% of students in 1st/2nd grade of secondary education and 26.7% in 3rd/4th grade reported PIU. Furthermore, PIU was found to be associated with lower levels of Emotional Well-being and Life Satisfaction, as well as higher rates of Depression and Suicidal Ideation. These findings are of both theoretical and practical relevance for the development of future research in this field.
The use of the Internet and social media has increased considerably in recent years, raising growing concerns about their potential implications for adolescents’ mental health, particularly in cases of inappropriate or problematic use of new technologies. Adolescence is a critical stage for emotional development, which increases vulnerability to risk factors associated with psychological distress. One of these factors, and the focus of this study, is Problematic Internet Use (PIU), a phenomenon whose terminology and classification remain under discussion. Given the current relevance of this issue, the present study aims to provide empirical evidence on Problematic Internet Use and its emotional health consequences, using a sample of 7,065 adolescents from Galicia, aged between 12 and 16. The results reveal a PIU prevalence of 27.9% among girls and 20.3% among boys. Regarding educational level, 21.6% of students in 1st/2nd grade of secondary education and 26.7% in 3rd/4th grade reported PIU. Furthermore, PIU was found to be associated with lower levels of Emotional Well-being and Life Satisfaction, as well as higher rates of Depression and Suicidal Ideation. These findings are of both theoretical and practical relevance for the development of future research in this field.
Direction
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Tutorships)
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Tutorships)
Court
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Student’s tutor)
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Student’s tutor)
Theory of mind and emotion recognition in Post Traumatic Stress Disorder: A systematic review
Authorship
S.L.G.
Psychology
S.L.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Post traumatic stress disorder PTSD is considered one of the most severe conditions that can develop from a traumatic experience. In recent years, difficulties in social cognition have been proposed both as a risk factor and as a consequence of PTSD. This systematic review aims to explore how PTSD affects two domains of social cognition, Theory of Mind ToM and emotional recognition, while identifying the most studied cognitive processes in each area and the tools used to evaluate them. It also seeks to examine whether deficits in social cognition are a cause or consequence of PTSD. Through an exhaustive search in the PubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science, and Scopus databases conducted on November 29, 2024, studies evaluating social cognition performance in ToM or emotional recognition were selected. Studies involving adults 18 years with a PTSD diagnosis or symptomatology were included, while meta analyses, systematic reviews, case studies, or works not written in English or Spanish were excluded. A total of 14 studies were selected. The results show that deficits in ToM are consistent, although evidence regarding emotional recognition remains contradictory and limited to the analysis of basic emotions, while also using tests that differ from those considered to have high psychometric quality. ToM subprocesses are rarely studied independently, with the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test RMET predominating as the measurement tool. Studies tend to view social cognition deficits as a consequence of PTSD.
Post traumatic stress disorder PTSD is considered one of the most severe conditions that can develop from a traumatic experience. In recent years, difficulties in social cognition have been proposed both as a risk factor and as a consequence of PTSD. This systematic review aims to explore how PTSD affects two domains of social cognition, Theory of Mind ToM and emotional recognition, while identifying the most studied cognitive processes in each area and the tools used to evaluate them. It also seeks to examine whether deficits in social cognition are a cause or consequence of PTSD. Through an exhaustive search in the PubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science, and Scopus databases conducted on November 29, 2024, studies evaluating social cognition performance in ToM or emotional recognition were selected. Studies involving adults 18 years with a PTSD diagnosis or symptomatology were included, while meta analyses, systematic reviews, case studies, or works not written in English or Spanish were excluded. A total of 14 studies were selected. The results show that deficits in ToM are consistent, although evidence regarding emotional recognition remains contradictory and limited to the analysis of basic emotions, while also using tests that differ from those considered to have high psychometric quality. ToM subprocesses are rarely studied independently, with the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test RMET predominating as the measurement tool. Studies tend to view social cognition deficits as a consequence of PTSD.
Direction
CORRAL VARELA, MARIA MONTSERRAT (Tutorships)
CORRAL VARELA, MARIA MONTSERRAT (Tutorships)
Court
CUTRIN MOSTEIRO, OLALLA (Chairman)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Secretary)
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Member)
CUTRIN MOSTEIRO, OLALLA (Chairman)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Secretary)
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Member)
The relevance of pathological doubt in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Exploring its links with cognitive confidence and access to internal states
Authorship
G.L.B.
Psychology
G.L.B.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
This systematic review focuses on the relevance of pathological doubt in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and its links with cognitive confidence and internal states. Three main goals were established: to define the nature and clinical relevance of pathological doubt in OCD, to explore cognitive confidence in individuals with this disorder, and to examine their access to internal states. After conducting searches in PubMed, ProQuest, and Scopus, a selection process was carried out, resulting in the inclusion of 16 studies in the review. The findings of this review indicate that doubt is experienced in a heterogeneous manner across individuals and that its content varies. This phenomenon is associated with greater disorder severity, functional impairment, and poorer therapeutic response, making it a clinically relevant feature. As for cognitive confidence, the studies show that people with OCD exhibit a lack of confidence in their memory and perception. In addition, the repetition of actions appears to cause a reduction of memory confidence, possibly due to the phenomenon of proactive interference. Finally, the reviewed articles suggest that individuals with OCD experience difficulties in accessing their internal states, which may lead them to rely on proxies to identify them. In conclusion, pathological doubt constitutes a clinically relevant feature of OCD that is linked to deficits in cognitive confidence and in access to internal states. Further research is needed to answer the questions raised in this review and to develop a theoretical framework that integrates the key elements explored in this work.
This systematic review focuses on the relevance of pathological doubt in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and its links with cognitive confidence and internal states. Three main goals were established: to define the nature and clinical relevance of pathological doubt in OCD, to explore cognitive confidence in individuals with this disorder, and to examine their access to internal states. After conducting searches in PubMed, ProQuest, and Scopus, a selection process was carried out, resulting in the inclusion of 16 studies in the review. The findings of this review indicate that doubt is experienced in a heterogeneous manner across individuals and that its content varies. This phenomenon is associated with greater disorder severity, functional impairment, and poorer therapeutic response, making it a clinically relevant feature. As for cognitive confidence, the studies show that people with OCD exhibit a lack of confidence in their memory and perception. In addition, the repetition of actions appears to cause a reduction of memory confidence, possibly due to the phenomenon of proactive interference. Finally, the reviewed articles suggest that individuals with OCD experience difficulties in accessing their internal states, which may lead them to rely on proxies to identify them. In conclusion, pathological doubt constitutes a clinically relevant feature of OCD that is linked to deficits in cognitive confidence and in access to internal states. Further research is needed to answer the questions raised in this review and to develop a theoretical framework that integrates the key elements explored in this work.
Direction
MERINO MADRID, HIPOLITO (Tutorships)
MERINO MADRID, HIPOLITO (Tutorships)
Court
Alzate García, Mónica (Chairman)
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Secretary)
CORRAL VARELA, MARIA MONTSERRAT (Member)
Alzate García, Mónica (Chairman)
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Secretary)
CORRAL VARELA, MARIA MONTSERRAT (Member)
Psychosocial risks in policing: Implications for mental health and recommendations for action
Authorship
L.L.S.
Psychology
L.L.S.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:30
07.16.2025 10:30
Summary
The present study analyzes the relationship between work stressors and mental health in a sample of Civil Guard (CG) officers in Spain. Although there is ample evidence on the high psychological burden in police forces, research specifically focused on the CG remains scarce. A total of 809 officers, members of different professional associations of CG, completed an online form that included standardized measures of working conditions (PSQ), sleep quality (B-PSQI), anxiety symptoms (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9) and general psychological distress (GHQ-12). Descriptive, correlational analyses and stepwise hierarchical regression were performed. The results indicated that, although work stressors explain part of the psychological distress, their effect decreases significantly when mental health indicators are incorporated into the model, with depressive symptoms being the strongest predictor. These findings suggest a possible mediating effect of health factors on the relationship between stressors and distress, in line with the Theory of Job Demands and Resources, and underline the need to implement comprehensive interventions that combine the reduction of organizational demands with strategies to promote psychological well-being. In the conclusions, proposals for action derived from these results are presented.
The present study analyzes the relationship between work stressors and mental health in a sample of Civil Guard (CG) officers in Spain. Although there is ample evidence on the high psychological burden in police forces, research specifically focused on the CG remains scarce. A total of 809 officers, members of different professional associations of CG, completed an online form that included standardized measures of working conditions (PSQ), sleep quality (B-PSQI), anxiety symptoms (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9) and general psychological distress (GHQ-12). Descriptive, correlational analyses and stepwise hierarchical regression were performed. The results indicated that, although work stressors explain part of the psychological distress, their effect decreases significantly when mental health indicators are incorporated into the model, with depressive symptoms being the strongest predictor. These findings suggest a possible mediating effect of health factors on the relationship between stressors and distress, in line with the Theory of Job Demands and Resources, and underline the need to implement comprehensive interventions that combine the reduction of organizational demands with strategies to promote psychological well-being. In the conclusions, proposals for action derived from these results are presented.
Direction
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Tutorships)
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Tutorships)
Court
Dono Martín, Marcos (Chairman)
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Secretary)
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Member)
Dono Martín, Marcos (Chairman)
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Secretary)
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Member)
Perception of sexual consent and sexual aggression myths in the university community
Authorship
P.L.V.
Psychology
P.L.V.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 11:30
07.07.2025 11:30
Summary
Sexual violence is a social and public health problem that mainly affects women, but also impacts various populations in different contexts, such as the university community. Literature has identified two relevant factors for its understanding. On one hand, myths about sexual assaults, which act as preexisting biases by justifying the perpetrator, minimizing the seriousness of the act, and blaming the victim; and on the other hand, the persistent ambiguity surrounding the concept of sexual consent, despite advances in its recognition from two independent but related constructs: internal consent and external consent. This lack of conceptual clarity difficults its role as a key tool in the prevention of sexual violence. In this context, the present research aims to analyze the perception of sexual consent among university students based on the internal and external dimensions of consent, and its relationship with the acceptance of myths about sexual assaults. A sample of 109 university students (74.3% women and 25.7% men), ages between 18 and 52 years, was used. The results show significant differences in the adherence to myths between men and women. Additionally, a positive association was observed between external and internal consent, as well as a preference among participants who reported having experienced a non-consensual sexual episode to seek help from close circles and report the incident in a familiar place. The need to address consent in a comprehensive manner is highlighted, considering individual beliefs and behaviors, and to dismantle myths about sexual assault. Future research should explore the discrepancy between beliefs and behaviours and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions to internalize consent.
Sexual violence is a social and public health problem that mainly affects women, but also impacts various populations in different contexts, such as the university community. Literature has identified two relevant factors for its understanding. On one hand, myths about sexual assaults, which act as preexisting biases by justifying the perpetrator, minimizing the seriousness of the act, and blaming the victim; and on the other hand, the persistent ambiguity surrounding the concept of sexual consent, despite advances in its recognition from two independent but related constructs: internal consent and external consent. This lack of conceptual clarity difficults its role as a key tool in the prevention of sexual violence. In this context, the present research aims to analyze the perception of sexual consent among university students based on the internal and external dimensions of consent, and its relationship with the acceptance of myths about sexual assaults. A sample of 109 university students (74.3% women and 25.7% men), ages between 18 and 52 years, was used. The results show significant differences in the adherence to myths between men and women. Additionally, a positive association was observed between external and internal consent, as well as a preference among participants who reported having experienced a non-consensual sexual episode to seek help from close circles and report the incident in a familiar place. The need to address consent in a comprehensive manner is highlighted, considering individual beliefs and behaviors, and to dismantle myths about sexual assault. Future research should explore the discrepancy between beliefs and behaviours and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions to internalize consent.
Direction
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Tutorships)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Tutorships)
Court
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Student’s tutor)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Student’s tutor)
Emotional regulation and psychosocial development in early childhood: A mediation model with a gender perspective
Authorship
A.L.N.
Psychology
A.L.N.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
Emotion regulation is a fundamental pillar of children’s socio-emotional development, playing a determining role in the quality of interpersonal relationships and early psychological adjustment. The available theoretical framework postulates an association between this construct and prosociality, as well as a lower prevalence of social problems, but scientific evidence continues to present discrepancies. The objective of the present research lies in the exploration of the relationship between emotional regulation and social behaviors (prosociality and social problems), valuing the mediating role of social competencies. Additionally, it analyzes possible gender differences present in the constructs and the relationships established between them. The empirical evidence was based on data compiled in a longitudinal study, the ELISA Project. This research provided validated instruments to Galician families of 2232 boys and girls aged 3 to 6 years, with three follow-ups. The data were analyzed through correlational analyses and mediation models (path analysis). The results reflect significant gender differences, revealing higher competence, regulation, and prosociality in girls and more social problems in boys. The indirect relationships between regulation and social behaviors were significant in both genders. However, the only direct association, beyond those established with social competence, was between emotion regulation and social problems in boys, highlighting the important mediating role of social competencies. Therefore, emotional regulation alone does not constitute a unique predictor of social adjustment; it is necessary to simultaneously promote social competence to achieve optimal psychosocial development in children.
Emotion regulation is a fundamental pillar of children’s socio-emotional development, playing a determining role in the quality of interpersonal relationships and early psychological adjustment. The available theoretical framework postulates an association between this construct and prosociality, as well as a lower prevalence of social problems, but scientific evidence continues to present discrepancies. The objective of the present research lies in the exploration of the relationship between emotional regulation and social behaviors (prosociality and social problems), valuing the mediating role of social competencies. Additionally, it analyzes possible gender differences present in the constructs and the relationships established between them. The empirical evidence was based on data compiled in a longitudinal study, the ELISA Project. This research provided validated instruments to Galician families of 2232 boys and girls aged 3 to 6 years, with three follow-ups. The data were analyzed through correlational analyses and mediation models (path analysis). The results reflect significant gender differences, revealing higher competence, regulation, and prosociality in girls and more social problems in boys. The indirect relationships between regulation and social behaviors were significant in both genders. However, the only direct association, beyond those established with social competence, was between emotion regulation and social problems in boys, highlighting the important mediating role of social competencies. Therefore, emotional regulation alone does not constitute a unique predictor of social adjustment; it is necessary to simultaneously promote social competence to achieve optimal psychosocial development in children.
Direction
LOPEZ ROMERO, MARÍA LAURA (Tutorships)
LOPEZ ROMERO, MARÍA LAURA (Tutorships)
Court
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Chairman)
AMENEDO LOSADA, MARIA ELENA (Secretary)
Vazquez Rodriguez, Maria Isabel (Member)
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Chairman)
AMENEDO LOSADA, MARIA ELENA (Secretary)
Vazquez Rodriguez, Maria Isabel (Member)
Perception of legitimacy of non-normative actions in the feminist movement
Authorship
J.M.C.
Psychology
J.M.C.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
The feminist movement has been a key driver of social transformation, seeking to achieve equality between men and women. Since its beginnings, it has gone through different historical stages or waves, during which it has achieved various goals related to women's rights and visibility through collective action. These actions have ranged from more normative forms, such as peaceful protest, to others considered non-normative, such as the occupation of institutional spaces or the disruption of public events. The present research aims to analyze the psychosocial factors that influence the legitimization of non-normative actions within the context of the feminist movement, addressing an approach that remains underexplored in the existing literature. It explores how identification with the movement, the internalization of gender roles, and different justice orientations may either facilitate or hinder such legitimization. To this end, correlation analyses were conducted between the variables under study, along with a multiple linear regression analysis to explore their predictive value. Although not all results aligned with initial expectations, identification with the feminist movement emerged as the strongest predictor of the legitimization of non-normative actions, highlighting the importance of collective identity as a driver of social change.
The feminist movement has been a key driver of social transformation, seeking to achieve equality between men and women. Since its beginnings, it has gone through different historical stages or waves, during which it has achieved various goals related to women's rights and visibility through collective action. These actions have ranged from more normative forms, such as peaceful protest, to others considered non-normative, such as the occupation of institutional spaces or the disruption of public events. The present research aims to analyze the psychosocial factors that influence the legitimization of non-normative actions within the context of the feminist movement, addressing an approach that remains underexplored in the existing literature. It explores how identification with the movement, the internalization of gender roles, and different justice orientations may either facilitate or hinder such legitimization. To this end, correlation analyses were conducted between the variables under study, along with a multiple linear regression analysis to explore their predictive value. Although not all results aligned with initial expectations, identification with the feminist movement emerged as the strongest predictor of the legitimization of non-normative actions, highlighting the importance of collective identity as a driver of social change.
Direction
Dono Martín, Marcos (Tutorships)
DOCAMPO LOPEZ, LAURA (Co-tutorships)
Dono Martín, Marcos (Tutorships)
DOCAMPO LOPEZ, LAURA (Co-tutorships)
Court
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Chairman)
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Secretary)
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Member)
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Chairman)
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Secretary)
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Member)
Psychological Interventions in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS): a systematic review.
Authorship
Y.M.G.
Psychology
Y.M.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:30
07.16.2025 10:30
Summary
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease that causes severe symptoms of weakness and muscle atrophy. As a consequence of its chronic and terminal nature, ALS causes great psychological distress in both patients and their caregivers. However, from the health care point of view, efforts have been directed especially towards alleviating the physical symptoms of the disease and the application of physiotherapies aimed at slowing down the progress of this pathology. Because of this, there is a great scarcity of scientific literature on the need and application of psychological interventions aimed at helping patients to cope with the challenges that this disease implies. For this reason, this Final Degree Project aims to review the research aimed at analyzing the level of effectiveness of different types of psychological interventions in patients with ALS. For this, a review of studies published from 2013 to the present was carried out in the databases PubMed and PsycInfo, finally selecting a total of 14 studies. In general, the psychological interventions were very different in nature - such as cognitive-behavioral, mindfulness-based, Dignity Therapy, Empathy-Based Therapy or compassion-focused therapy - however, the results obtained, confirm the positive effects of all of them. Finally, the need to continue advancing in new proposals for psychological intervention in order to provide the greatest possible relief from the suffering that this disease entails is emphasized.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease that causes severe symptoms of weakness and muscle atrophy. As a consequence of its chronic and terminal nature, ALS causes great psychological distress in both patients and their caregivers. However, from the health care point of view, efforts have been directed especially towards alleviating the physical symptoms of the disease and the application of physiotherapies aimed at slowing down the progress of this pathology. Because of this, there is a great scarcity of scientific literature on the need and application of psychological interventions aimed at helping patients to cope with the challenges that this disease implies. For this reason, this Final Degree Project aims to review the research aimed at analyzing the level of effectiveness of different types of psychological interventions in patients with ALS. For this, a review of studies published from 2013 to the present was carried out in the databases PubMed and PsycInfo, finally selecting a total of 14 studies. In general, the psychological interventions were very different in nature - such as cognitive-behavioral, mindfulness-based, Dignity Therapy, Empathy-Based Therapy or compassion-focused therapy - however, the results obtained, confirm the positive effects of all of them. Finally, the need to continue advancing in new proposals for psychological intervention in order to provide the greatest possible relief from the suffering that this disease entails is emphasized.
Direction
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Tutorships)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Tutorships)
Court
ROMERO TRIÑANES, ESTRELLA (Chairman)
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Secretary)
Gómez Salgado, Patricia (Member)
ROMERO TRIÑANES, ESTRELLA (Chairman)
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Secretary)
Gómez Salgado, Patricia (Member)
Heuristics and biases in human inference: the clinical setting
Authorship
N.M.M.
Psychology
N.M.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 12:00
07.16.2025 12:00
Summary
Healthcare professionals make clinical decisions on a daily basis in contexts characterized by uncertainty, high clinical pressure, or incomplete information. In such conditions, the use of heuristics is common, as they streamline reasoning, although they may also lead to cognitive biases. The aim of this study was to analyze, through a systematized literature review, how heuristics and cognitive biases affect clinical reasoning, what type of reasoning predominates in healthcare practice, in which contexts heuristics are most frequently used, and to what extent professionals are aware of their own biases. To this end, twelve studies published between 2014 and 2024 were selected following a structured search across five academic databases. The results indicate that heuristics constitute a structural component of clinical reasoning and tend to be used more often in familiar scenarios, under high clinical demand, or when information is incomplete. Although their use does not always lead to errors, certain factors, such as lack of deliberate reflection or limited clinical knowledge, can increase their negative impact. The review also found low levels of awareness among professionals regarding their use of heuristics as well as a general absence of studies exploring the influence of emotions on the diagnostic process. Overall, the findings highlight the need to further investigate these mechanisms using integrative approaches and real clinical settings, while promoting metacognitive skills that allow the monitoring clinical reasoning.
Healthcare professionals make clinical decisions on a daily basis in contexts characterized by uncertainty, high clinical pressure, or incomplete information. In such conditions, the use of heuristics is common, as they streamline reasoning, although they may also lead to cognitive biases. The aim of this study was to analyze, through a systematized literature review, how heuristics and cognitive biases affect clinical reasoning, what type of reasoning predominates in healthcare practice, in which contexts heuristics are most frequently used, and to what extent professionals are aware of their own biases. To this end, twelve studies published between 2014 and 2024 were selected following a structured search across five academic databases. The results indicate that heuristics constitute a structural component of clinical reasoning and tend to be used more often in familiar scenarios, under high clinical demand, or when information is incomplete. Although their use does not always lead to errors, certain factors, such as lack of deliberate reflection or limited clinical knowledge, can increase their negative impact. The review also found low levels of awareness among professionals regarding their use of heuristics as well as a general absence of studies exploring the influence of emotions on the diagnostic process. Overall, the findings highlight the need to further investigate these mechanisms using integrative approaches and real clinical settings, while promoting metacognitive skills that allow the monitoring clinical reasoning.
Direction
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Tutorships)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Tutorships)
Court
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Student’s tutor)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Student’s tutor)
The mirror neuron system in autism spectrum disorder
Authorship
S.M.R.
Psychology
S.M.R.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:00
07.16.2025 10:00
Summary
This study presents a systematic review of the scientific literature from the past fifteen years on the functioning of the mirror neuron system (MNS) in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), based on findings from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies. The main objective is to examine whether MNS alterations may contribute to the social cognition difficulties typically associated with ASD. A systematic bibliographic search was conducted in the PubMed and PsycInfo databases, selecting studies that compared MNS activation and connectivity in individuals with ASD and typically developing (TD) controls during tasks involving imitation, empathy, or the attribution of intentions. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 12 studies were selected for the final review. The results show consistent patterns of hypoactivation in key MNS regions, such as the inferior frontal gyrus and inferior parietal lobule, along with reduced functional connectivity between the MNS and other social cognition networks, especially the theory of mind (ToM) network. These findings suggest an atypical integration between embodied simulation processes and higher-order mechanisms involved in understanding others’ mental states. In addition, some studies highlight variability within the autism spectrum, with differences in neural patterns associated with individual language profiles. In conclusion, the reviewed studies support the hypothesis that MNS dysfunction and its poor integration with other social networks may underlie the interpersonal and empathic challenges observed in ASD.
This study presents a systematic review of the scientific literature from the past fifteen years on the functioning of the mirror neuron system (MNS) in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), based on findings from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies. The main objective is to examine whether MNS alterations may contribute to the social cognition difficulties typically associated with ASD. A systematic bibliographic search was conducted in the PubMed and PsycInfo databases, selecting studies that compared MNS activation and connectivity in individuals with ASD and typically developing (TD) controls during tasks involving imitation, empathy, or the attribution of intentions. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 12 studies were selected for the final review. The results show consistent patterns of hypoactivation in key MNS regions, such as the inferior frontal gyrus and inferior parietal lobule, along with reduced functional connectivity between the MNS and other social cognition networks, especially the theory of mind (ToM) network. These findings suggest an atypical integration between embodied simulation processes and higher-order mechanisms involved in understanding others’ mental states. In addition, some studies highlight variability within the autism spectrum, with differences in neural patterns associated with individual language profiles. In conclusion, the reviewed studies support the hypothesis that MNS dysfunction and its poor integration with other social networks may underlie the interpersonal and empathic challenges observed in ASD.
Direction
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Tutorships)
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Tutorships)
Court
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Student’s tutor)
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Student’s tutor)
The role of the family in the development and treatment of eating disorders
Authorship
M.M.S.
Psychology
M.M.S.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 11:30
07.07.2025 11:30
Summary
The family plays a crucial role in the development and treatment of eating disorders (EDs). The aim of this literature review is to analyze and synthesize existing information on how family dynamics influence the onset, progression, and recovery of EDs. To achieve this objective, a search was conducted in the PubMed and Scopus databases, resulting in the selection of 13 studies published between 2020 and 2025. Among the main findings, it stands out that aesthetic pressure from close figures, parental perfectionism, and lack of communication within the household are significantly associated with a higher risk of developing EDs. In contrast, cohesive, emotionally supportive, and communicative family environments appear to have a protective effect. It was also identified that the active involvement of the family in treatment, through interventions such as multifamily therapy or psychoeducational support, not only improves the patient’s symptoms but also contributes to restoring the emotional balance of the family system. Additionally, it has been observed that EDs have a substantial impact on family dynamics, affecting all members of the household. This underscores the importance of providing specific support to caregivers and considering the family environment as a therapeutic unit. Finally, it is concluded that integrating the family into clinical treatment is essential to promote sustained recovery and prevent relapse, and further research is needed on how specific family profiles influence the course of the disorder.
The family plays a crucial role in the development and treatment of eating disorders (EDs). The aim of this literature review is to analyze and synthesize existing information on how family dynamics influence the onset, progression, and recovery of EDs. To achieve this objective, a search was conducted in the PubMed and Scopus databases, resulting in the selection of 13 studies published between 2020 and 2025. Among the main findings, it stands out that aesthetic pressure from close figures, parental perfectionism, and lack of communication within the household are significantly associated with a higher risk of developing EDs. In contrast, cohesive, emotionally supportive, and communicative family environments appear to have a protective effect. It was also identified that the active involvement of the family in treatment, through interventions such as multifamily therapy or psychoeducational support, not only improves the patient’s symptoms but also contributes to restoring the emotional balance of the family system. Additionally, it has been observed that EDs have a substantial impact on family dynamics, affecting all members of the household. This underscores the importance of providing specific support to caregivers and considering the family environment as a therapeutic unit. Finally, it is concluded that integrating the family into clinical treatment is essential to promote sustained recovery and prevent relapse, and further research is needed on how specific family profiles influence the course of the disorder.
Direction
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Tutorships)
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Tutorships)
Court
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Student’s tutor)
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Student’s tutor)
The physical attractiveness bias
Authorship
N.M.G.
Psychology
N.M.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
The present work is based on theoretical models of dual processing and implicit personality theories to analyze the halo effect and its interaction with negative information (specifically, crimes committed). The objectives are a) to study the first impression caused by attractiveness and different positive personality traits, b) to study the differences in the perception of people's personality before and after learning about the crime they have committed, and c) to study the influence of physical attractiveness on the perception of justice for adequate and inadequate punishments for the crime. For this purpose, an experiment was designed in which participants rated four personality traits (extroversion, intelligence, honesty and kindness) and perceived fairness of a punishment on a series of attractive and unattractive faces. The ratings were made before and after learning that the persons assessed had committed a crime. The results showed a more favorable first impression of attractive people, especially in extroversion and intelligence. However, upon learning of the crime, intelligence decreased more in attractive people, suggesting a disillusionment effect. On the other hand, the perception of justice was not affected by attractiveness. It is concluded that physical attractiveness influences initial ratings by automatic processes (System 1), but can be corrected by more critical processing (System 2) when negative information appears.
The present work is based on theoretical models of dual processing and implicit personality theories to analyze the halo effect and its interaction with negative information (specifically, crimes committed). The objectives are a) to study the first impression caused by attractiveness and different positive personality traits, b) to study the differences in the perception of people's personality before and after learning about the crime they have committed, and c) to study the influence of physical attractiveness on the perception of justice for adequate and inadequate punishments for the crime. For this purpose, an experiment was designed in which participants rated four personality traits (extroversion, intelligence, honesty and kindness) and perceived fairness of a punishment on a series of attractive and unattractive faces. The ratings were made before and after learning that the persons assessed had committed a crime. The results showed a more favorable first impression of attractive people, especially in extroversion and intelligence. However, upon learning of the crime, intelligence decreased more in attractive people, suggesting a disillusionment effect. On the other hand, the perception of justice was not affected by attractiveness. It is concluded that physical attractiveness influences initial ratings by automatic processes (System 1), but can be corrected by more critical processing (System 2) when negative information appears.
Direction
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Tutorships)
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Tutorships)
Court
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Chairman)
Sampedro Vizcaya, María José (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Member)
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Chairman)
Sampedro Vizcaya, María José (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Member)
Influence of social desirability bias on the measurement of negotiation effectiveness
Authorship
D.M.P.
Psychology
D.M.P.
Psychology
Defense date
02.13.2025 10:30
02.13.2025 10:30
Summary
The study of negotiation and the skills required to carry it out effectively is a continuously growing field, just like the research on social desirability bias and its influence on the data collection process. This paper aims to study the relationship between this contaminating variable and the measurement of negotiation effectiveness, using W.F.G. Mastenbroek's model (1987; 1991) as a starting point. To achieve this, a negotiation effectiveness questionnaire and a social desirability measure were administered to two types of samples: one with experience in negotiation tasks within a contact center company in the labor sector, and another without experience, in order to test the possible effect of this bias and any potential differences between the two populations. Through the general factor analytic procedure developed by Ferrando et al. (2009), which controls the impact of social desirability on self-report measures, the distortion was analyzed, revealing that the negotiation effectiveness measure is sensitive to social desirability. Additionally, it was observed that individuals with less experience in negotiation tasks are more sensitive to this bias, leading to higher scores in negotiation effectiveness when not corrected. The implications of these findings in the context of personnel selection training are discussed.
The study of negotiation and the skills required to carry it out effectively is a continuously growing field, just like the research on social desirability bias and its influence on the data collection process. This paper aims to study the relationship between this contaminating variable and the measurement of negotiation effectiveness, using W.F.G. Mastenbroek's model (1987; 1991) as a starting point. To achieve this, a negotiation effectiveness questionnaire and a social desirability measure were administered to two types of samples: one with experience in negotiation tasks within a contact center company in the labor sector, and another without experience, in order to test the possible effect of this bias and any potential differences between the two populations. Through the general factor analytic procedure developed by Ferrando et al. (2009), which controls the impact of social desirability on self-report measures, the distortion was analyzed, revealing that the negotiation effectiveness measure is sensitive to social desirability. Additionally, it was observed that individuals with less experience in negotiation tasks are more sensitive to this bias, leading to higher scores in negotiation effectiveness when not corrected. The implications of these findings in the context of personnel selection training are discussed.
Direction
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Tutorships)
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Tutorships)
Court
Mirón Redondo, María Lourdes (Chairman)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Secretary)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Member)
Mirón Redondo, María Lourdes (Chairman)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Secretary)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Member)
AAC: Dynamic Communicators in Hearing and Speech Disabilities
Authorship
A.M.M.R.
Psychology
A.M.M.R.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 12:30
07.07.2025 12:30
Summary
This bibliographic review analyzes the evolution of the Alternative and Augmentative Communication Systems (SAAC), with special attention to dynamic communicators used by people with hearing disabilities and/or hearing disabilities, highlighting their benefits and limitations, as well as identifying two main problems in their current adoption and implementation. The review takes as a framework of reference a manual published in 2020 and analyzes sources before and after this data with the objective of identifying some of the barriers detected in the implementation of these systems resolved in recent years. The results obtained suggest that, despite two technological and pedagogical advances, important limitations persist in the adoption and effective use of SAAC, both in educational and family contexts, due to the lack of coordination and specific training of the agents involved and the difficulty of integrating the communicators into daily routines. To respond to these shortcomings, we propose the development of a practical guide aimed at families, teachers and therapists, which includes clear guidelines on the selection, configuration and use of two dynamic communicators. This tool seeks to contribute to the improvement of accessibility, autonomy and inclusion of SAAC users.
This bibliographic review analyzes the evolution of the Alternative and Augmentative Communication Systems (SAAC), with special attention to dynamic communicators used by people with hearing disabilities and/or hearing disabilities, highlighting their benefits and limitations, as well as identifying two main problems in their current adoption and implementation. The review takes as a framework of reference a manual published in 2020 and analyzes sources before and after this data with the objective of identifying some of the barriers detected in the implementation of these systems resolved in recent years. The results obtained suggest that, despite two technological and pedagogical advances, important limitations persist in the adoption and effective use of SAAC, both in educational and family contexts, due to the lack of coordination and specific training of the agents involved and the difficulty of integrating the communicators into daily routines. To respond to these shortcomings, we propose the development of a practical guide aimed at families, teachers and therapists, which includes clear guidelines on the selection, configuration and use of two dynamic communicators. This tool seeks to contribute to the improvement of accessibility, autonomy and inclusion of SAAC users.
Direction
LOSADA VAZQUEZ, MARIA CONCEPCION (Tutorships)
LOSADA VAZQUEZ, MARIA CONCEPCION (Tutorships)
Court
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Coordinator)
LOSADA VAZQUEZ, MARIA CONCEPCION (Student’s tutor)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Coordinator)
LOSADA VAZQUEZ, MARIA CONCEPCION (Student’s tutor)
Malingering of temporary work disability due to psychological cause in the SCL-90-R
Authorship
I.M.P.
Psychology
I.M.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 12:00
07.07.2025 12:00
Summary
Feigning psychological damage is a phenomenon that should be controlled during the evaluation processes of temporary work disability (TWD) due to the secondary gains involved. Therefore, this study was proposed with the objective of analyzing the sensitivity of the SCL-90-R as a psychological assessment instrument to detect invalid responses in cases of simulated psychological symptoms in the context of temporary work disability (TWD). For this purpose, a study was designed involving 50 participants, who completed the SCL-90-R under two conditions: first, honestly, and then under instructions to feign TWD. The results showed that all participants were classified as clinical cases by the instrument, suggesting that, with proper motivation, the general population could feign psychological damage to justify a temporary work disability (TWD). It was found that the most frequent simulation strategy was indiscriminate symptom endorsement, with 90% of participants classified in five or more symptom dimensions; and symptom exaggeration or severity, as the scores of the simulation group were significantly higher in all symptom dimensions and global indices compared to the psychiatric sample. Finally, the instrument’s global indices classified 94% of the participants in the simulation condition as potential simulators, with the PSDI being the least sensitive index, identifying only 56% of participants. Based on the literature, it is concluded that the use of additional measurement instruments is necessary for the assessment of malingering in a forensic context.
Feigning psychological damage is a phenomenon that should be controlled during the evaluation processes of temporary work disability (TWD) due to the secondary gains involved. Therefore, this study was proposed with the objective of analyzing the sensitivity of the SCL-90-R as a psychological assessment instrument to detect invalid responses in cases of simulated psychological symptoms in the context of temporary work disability (TWD). For this purpose, a study was designed involving 50 participants, who completed the SCL-90-R under two conditions: first, honestly, and then under instructions to feign TWD. The results showed that all participants were classified as clinical cases by the instrument, suggesting that, with proper motivation, the general population could feign psychological damage to justify a temporary work disability (TWD). It was found that the most frequent simulation strategy was indiscriminate symptom endorsement, with 90% of participants classified in five or more symptom dimensions; and symptom exaggeration or severity, as the scores of the simulation group were significantly higher in all symptom dimensions and global indices compared to the psychiatric sample. Finally, the instrument’s global indices classified 94% of the participants in the simulation condition as potential simulators, with the PSDI being the least sensitive index, identifying only 56% of participants. Based on the literature, it is concluded that the use of additional measurement instruments is necessary for the assessment of malingering in a forensic context.
Direction
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Tutorships)
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Tutorships)
Court
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Coordinator)
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Student’s tutor)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Coordinator)
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Student’s tutor)
Academic stress amongst university students: analysis of several variables related to this phenomenon
Authorship
L.A.M.W.
Psychology
L.A.M.W.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Academic stress is a phenomenon which affects large swathes of the student population. It serves to the detriment of not only their emotional wellbeing and physical health but also their academic performance. To this end, the following bibliographic review will primarily aim to examine the prevalence of academic stress and how it relates to a variety of factors. For this, several investigations published between the years 2012 and 2025 have been chosen and compiled with the help of databases such as Scopus, Web of Science and Dialnet. Aiming to provide adequate organisation and a coherent analysis of the aforementioned material, the results have been grouped into 4 categories: psychological factors, factors which relate to lifestyle, sociodemographic factors and finally the consequences of stress. Amidst the main findings we can observe elevated levels of academic stress amongst university students. Among psychological variables, perceived social support serves as a protective factor, whereas perfectionism is linked to increased stress. Likewise, factors associated with lifestyle, like regular physical activity and following a healthy diet, appear to be linked to lower levels of stress, whilst problematic consumption of substances like alcohol and tobacco correlate positively with the analysed phenomenon. Another line of argument shows that stress is deeply linked to gender, proving a marked vulnerability amongst women. Finally, the negative consequences of academic stress prove to be multi-faceted and varied, with the revised literature showing a global impact on the wellbeing of university students.
Academic stress is a phenomenon which affects large swathes of the student population. It serves to the detriment of not only their emotional wellbeing and physical health but also their academic performance. To this end, the following bibliographic review will primarily aim to examine the prevalence of academic stress and how it relates to a variety of factors. For this, several investigations published between the years 2012 and 2025 have been chosen and compiled with the help of databases such as Scopus, Web of Science and Dialnet. Aiming to provide adequate organisation and a coherent analysis of the aforementioned material, the results have been grouped into 4 categories: psychological factors, factors which relate to lifestyle, sociodemographic factors and finally the consequences of stress. Amidst the main findings we can observe elevated levels of academic stress amongst university students. Among psychological variables, perceived social support serves as a protective factor, whereas perfectionism is linked to increased stress. Likewise, factors associated with lifestyle, like regular physical activity and following a healthy diet, appear to be linked to lower levels of stress, whilst problematic consumption of substances like alcohol and tobacco correlate positively with the analysed phenomenon. Another line of argument shows that stress is deeply linked to gender, proving a marked vulnerability amongst women. Finally, the negative consequences of academic stress prove to be multi-faceted and varied, with the revised literature showing a global impact on the wellbeing of university students.
Direction
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Tutorships)
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Tutorships)
Court
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Chairman)
Cadaveira Mahía, Fernando (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Chairman)
Cadaveira Mahía, Fernando (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
An approximation to behavioural regulation and motives underlying physical activity
Authorship
A.Y.N.M.
Psychology
A.Y.N.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Clarifying the types of behavioural regulations and motives that drive people to exercise or play sports is a booming area, since doing physical exercise has a large number of advantages. In the present study the aim will be to explore the different behavioural regulations and motives underlying physical activity taking into account the type of activity performed (physical activity or competitive sport), the gender and the intensity with which one exercises (amount of time dedicated to exercise per week). The sample was composed of 210 participants of age and that frequently exercised. To explore the behavioural regulations and motives, the following questionnaires were used in their adaptation to the Spanish population: Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-3 (BREQ-3) and Motives for Physical Activity Measure-Revised (MPAM-R). The information was then gathered online through the platform Microsoft Forms, additionally including a series of socio-sporting questions. The findings show that competitive sport-players report higher levels of self-determined regulation, while those who merely exercise were characterized by higher levels of external regulation. Moreover, differences were also found in regulation regarding gender and the intensity.
Clarifying the types of behavioural regulations and motives that drive people to exercise or play sports is a booming area, since doing physical exercise has a large number of advantages. In the present study the aim will be to explore the different behavioural regulations and motives underlying physical activity taking into account the type of activity performed (physical activity or competitive sport), the gender and the intensity with which one exercises (amount of time dedicated to exercise per week). The sample was composed of 210 participants of age and that frequently exercised. To explore the behavioural regulations and motives, the following questionnaires were used in their adaptation to the Spanish population: Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-3 (BREQ-3) and Motives for Physical Activity Measure-Revised (MPAM-R). The information was then gathered online through the platform Microsoft Forms, additionally including a series of socio-sporting questions. The findings show that competitive sport-players report higher levels of self-determined regulation, while those who merely exercise were characterized by higher levels of external regulation. Moreover, differences were also found in regulation regarding gender and the intensity.
Direction
PONTE FERNANDEZ, DOLORES (Tutorships)
PONTE FERNANDEZ, DOLORES (Tutorships)
Court
BECOÑA IGLESIAS, ELISARDO (Chairman)
REDONDO LAGO, JAIME MAURO (Secretary)
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Member)
BECOÑA IGLESIAS, ELISARDO (Chairman)
REDONDO LAGO, JAIME MAURO (Secretary)
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Member)
Adverse Childhood Experiences and their impact on women deprived of liberty
Authorship
S.N.O.
Psychology
S.N.O.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Scientific evidence has highlighted the importance and influence of adverse experiences lived during childhood for the subsequent development of people in general and especially for people with a criminal history. The present study analyzes the prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experiences and their impact on the mental health of a group of 17 women who are in a situation of deprivation of liberty in the A Lama penitentiary center (Pontevedra). Participants were aged between 29 and 65 (M = 46.53; SD = 10.46). The experience of adverse experiences was assessed with the ACES questionnaire (Forensic Psychology Unit, 2019). The psycho-emotional state was taken through the SCL-90-R questionnaire. The results obtained revealed a high prevalence of childhood trauma among participants, highlighting the death of a primary caregiver, separation of parents and sexual violence. In addition, a significant relationship was observed between having experienced at least one ACE and depressive, anxious and paranoid symptomatology; as well as the relationship between the accumulation of 4 or more, and the indicated increase in severe depressive, hostile and psychotic symptomatology. This evidence reflects the need and urgency to create prevention programs for child abuse and social inequalities, as well as specific intervention programs for women sentenced to deprivation of liberty. The latter from a gender perspective and with reinsertive purposes that improve the quality of life of these people taking into account their life trajectories and needs.
Scientific evidence has highlighted the importance and influence of adverse experiences lived during childhood for the subsequent development of people in general and especially for people with a criminal history. The present study analyzes the prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experiences and their impact on the mental health of a group of 17 women who are in a situation of deprivation of liberty in the A Lama penitentiary center (Pontevedra). Participants were aged between 29 and 65 (M = 46.53; SD = 10.46). The experience of adverse experiences was assessed with the ACES questionnaire (Forensic Psychology Unit, 2019). The psycho-emotional state was taken through the SCL-90-R questionnaire. The results obtained revealed a high prevalence of childhood trauma among participants, highlighting the death of a primary caregiver, separation of parents and sexual violence. In addition, a significant relationship was observed between having experienced at least one ACE and depressive, anxious and paranoid symptomatology; as well as the relationship between the accumulation of 4 or more, and the indicated increase in severe depressive, hostile and psychotic symptomatology. This evidence reflects the need and urgency to create prevention programs for child abuse and social inequalities, as well as specific intervention programs for women sentenced to deprivation of liberty. The latter from a gender perspective and with reinsertive purposes that improve the quality of life of these people taking into account their life trajectories and needs.
Direction
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Tutorships)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Tutorships)
Court
MERINO MADRID, HIPOLITO (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Leirós Lobeiras, Luz Isabel (Member)
MERINO MADRID, HIPOLITO (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Leirós Lobeiras, Luz Isabel (Member)
The protective role of percieved social support over the mental health of university students
Authorship
G.N.F.
Psychology
G.N.F.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 10:30
07.15.2025 10:30
Summary
In recent years, there has been an increase in mental health problems among the university population, which is why it is considered important to understand the factors that may serve as protective. The main objective of this study was to examine the protective role of perceived social support from family and friends of university students on mental health, considering differences between women and men. To this end, a sample of 150 USC students was analyzed regarding the variables of perceived social support from friends and family, and psychological distress, evaluating anxiety, depression, and somatic symptoms, measured with the PAS and BSI18 scales. The regression analysis results show that the social support perceived by students can explain a large part of their mental health symptomatology. Specifically, perceived support from family and friends predicts 33 percent of depressive symptoms, with friends having a greater influence than family. On the other hand, perceived support from friends was the only predictor of the anxiety dimension. Regarding sex differences, women show greater severity in mental health symptoms than men. Therefore, perceived social support should be a priority in addressing mental health problems among university students, with special attention given to women, as they are more affected by these issues.
In recent years, there has been an increase in mental health problems among the university population, which is why it is considered important to understand the factors that may serve as protective. The main objective of this study was to examine the protective role of perceived social support from family and friends of university students on mental health, considering differences between women and men. To this end, a sample of 150 USC students was analyzed regarding the variables of perceived social support from friends and family, and psychological distress, evaluating anxiety, depression, and somatic symptoms, measured with the PAS and BSI18 scales. The regression analysis results show that the social support perceived by students can explain a large part of their mental health symptomatology. Specifically, perceived support from family and friends predicts 33 percent of depressive symptoms, with friends having a greater influence than family. On the other hand, perceived support from friends was the only predictor of the anxiety dimension. Regarding sex differences, women show greater severity in mental health symptoms than men. Therefore, perceived social support should be a priority in addressing mental health problems among university students, with special attention given to women, as they are more affected by these issues.
Direction
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Tutorships)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Tutorships)
Court
PEREIRO ROZAS, ARTURO JOSE (Chairman)
BRAÑA TOBIO, MARIA TERESA (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
PEREIRO ROZAS, ARTURO JOSE (Chairman)
BRAÑA TOBIO, MARIA TERESA (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
Traditional masculinity: a review of its learning and its implication in the development of maladaptive behaviors
Authorship
T.N.G.
Psychology
T.N.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
Traditional masculinity imposes on a rigid model based on emotional control, self-sufficiency, and rejection of the feminine. This model has been identified as a risk factor for the psychological and social well-being of men. The main objective of this systematic review was to analyze how learning this normative model of masculinity may be the reason for the development of maladaptive behaviors in adult life, as well as for the difficulty in expressing emotional distress, isolation or violence. To do so, a systematic search of studies published between 2018 and the present was carried out. Ultimately, ten empirical investigations that study this phenomenon using different methodologies were selected. The results of this review show that the normative ideal begins to consolidate from childhood, especially in spaces such as school or peer groups, where vulnerability is sanctioned and attributes such as toughness and dominance are reinforced. The internalization of these mandates is associated in adult life with atypical depressive symptoms, poor help-seeking, difficulties in affective relationships and various forms of violence, especially the use of weapons and gender violence. Far from being due to individual dysfunctions, these behaviors are presented in this review as the consequences of a series of learned and socially reinforced gender mandates, embedded in a system that legitimizes male superiority and penalizes any deviation from the ideal. The findings seem to reinforce the need to question the current normative model and promote greater diversity in the experience of masculinity.
Traditional masculinity imposes on a rigid model based on emotional control, self-sufficiency, and rejection of the feminine. This model has been identified as a risk factor for the psychological and social well-being of men. The main objective of this systematic review was to analyze how learning this normative model of masculinity may be the reason for the development of maladaptive behaviors in adult life, as well as for the difficulty in expressing emotional distress, isolation or violence. To do so, a systematic search of studies published between 2018 and the present was carried out. Ultimately, ten empirical investigations that study this phenomenon using different methodologies were selected. The results of this review show that the normative ideal begins to consolidate from childhood, especially in spaces such as school or peer groups, where vulnerability is sanctioned and attributes such as toughness and dominance are reinforced. The internalization of these mandates is associated in adult life with atypical depressive symptoms, poor help-seeking, difficulties in affective relationships and various forms of violence, especially the use of weapons and gender violence. Far from being due to individual dysfunctions, these behaviors are presented in this review as the consequences of a series of learned and socially reinforced gender mandates, embedded in a system that legitimizes male superiority and penalizes any deviation from the ideal. The findings seem to reinforce the need to question the current normative model and promote greater diversity in the experience of masculinity.
Direction
Sampedro Vizcaya, María José (Tutorships)
Sampedro Vizcaya, María José (Tutorships)
Court
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Chairman)
ESMORIS ARRANZ, FRANCISCO JOSE (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Member)
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Chairman)
ESMORIS ARRANZ, FRANCISCO JOSE (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Member)
Event-related brain potentials in subjective cognitive decline, amnestic mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer´s disease dementia. A review of studies evaluating N200 and P300 components recorded in oddball tasks.
Authorship
A.O.G.
Psychology
A.O.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) or amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) can progress to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia. Therefore, identifying markers that allow characterizing SCD and aMCI, and predicting their progression, has become a goal of interest for many researchers. Some studies use event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to search for neurocognitive markers of SCD and aMCI, as well as of AD dementia. ERPs allow the evaluation of changes in brain electrical activity associated with different cognitive processes. In the present work, a review of studies published between 2015 and 2025 was carried out. The main aim was to know whether changes in the latency and amplitude of the N200 and/or P300 ERP components may be considered optimal neurocognitive markers of AD dementia, aMCI, and SCD. The N200 and P300 components are considered psychophysiological indexes of the evaluation and categorization of stimuli in working memory, respectively. The results of the review suggest that an increase of P300 latency could be a neurocognitive marker of AD dementia and aMCI. Adults with AD dementia also appear to show a smaller P300 amplitude and a longer N200 latency compared to healthy cognitively (HC) adults, although the results are not consistent. Finally, the only two studies reviewed that evaluated SCD adults did not find significant differences for N200 or P300 between adults with SCD adults and HC adults or aMCI adults.
Adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) or amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) can progress to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia. Therefore, identifying markers that allow characterizing SCD and aMCI, and predicting their progression, has become a goal of interest for many researchers. Some studies use event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to search for neurocognitive markers of SCD and aMCI, as well as of AD dementia. ERPs allow the evaluation of changes in brain electrical activity associated with different cognitive processes. In the present work, a review of studies published between 2015 and 2025 was carried out. The main aim was to know whether changes in the latency and amplitude of the N200 and/or P300 ERP components may be considered optimal neurocognitive markers of AD dementia, aMCI, and SCD. The N200 and P300 components are considered psychophysiological indexes of the evaluation and categorization of stimuli in working memory, respectively. The results of the review suggest that an increase of P300 latency could be a neurocognitive marker of AD dementia and aMCI. Adults with AD dementia also appear to show a smaller P300 amplitude and a longer N200 latency compared to healthy cognitively (HC) adults, although the results are not consistent. Finally, the only two studies reviewed that evaluated SCD adults did not find significant differences for N200 or P300 between adults with SCD adults and HC adults or aMCI adults.
Direction
LINDIN NOVO, MONICA (Tutorships)
Rodríguez Salgado, Dolores (Co-tutorships)
LINDIN NOVO, MONICA (Tutorships)
Rodríguez Salgado, Dolores (Co-tutorships)
Court
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Chairman)
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Secretary)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Member)
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Chairman)
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Secretary)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Member)
Risk factors associated with loneliness in adolescence: The role of social media use, bullying victimization, and personality
Authorship
A.O.R.
Psychology
A.O.R.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Unwanted loneliness is considered one of the major epidemics of today’s society, not only because of the high levels of suffering it causes, but also due to its associated social and economic consequences. In recent decades, levels of loneliness have steadily increased, especially among young people. Given the importance that peer relationships acquire during adolescence, this stage of development represents a period of vulnerability to loneliness. To prevent loneliness in this population, it is essential to understand which variables may be influencing the adolescent experience of loneliness. Thus, the main objective of this Bachelor's Thesis is to analyze the role of social media use, bullying victimization, and personality in loneliness in adolescence. After reviewing the existing literature on this topic, it can be concluded that social media use, bullying victimization, and personality may indeed explain loneliness during adolescence. Excessive and problematic use of social media, being a victim of bullying (both in-person and online), and certain personality characteristics (neuroticism, extraversion, shyness, need for social recognition, need for affiliation, self-esteem, social skills, and some maladaptive traits) are associated with higher levels of loneliness in adolescence. Understanding these relationships is crucial for developing interventions aimed at preventing and reducing loneliness in this population.
Unwanted loneliness is considered one of the major epidemics of today’s society, not only because of the high levels of suffering it causes, but also due to its associated social and economic consequences. In recent decades, levels of loneliness have steadily increased, especially among young people. Given the importance that peer relationships acquire during adolescence, this stage of development represents a period of vulnerability to loneliness. To prevent loneliness in this population, it is essential to understand which variables may be influencing the adolescent experience of loneliness. Thus, the main objective of this Bachelor's Thesis is to analyze the role of social media use, bullying victimization, and personality in loneliness in adolescence. After reviewing the existing literature on this topic, it can be concluded that social media use, bullying victimization, and personality may indeed explain loneliness during adolescence. Excessive and problematic use of social media, being a victim of bullying (both in-person and online), and certain personality characteristics (neuroticism, extraversion, shyness, need for social recognition, need for affiliation, self-esteem, social skills, and some maladaptive traits) are associated with higher levels of loneliness in adolescence. Understanding these relationships is crucial for developing interventions aimed at preventing and reducing loneliness in this population.
Direction
MERINO MADRID, HIPOLITO (Tutorships)
MERINO MADRID, HIPOLITO (Tutorships)
Court
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Chairman)
GOMEZ FRAGUELA, Xosé Antón (Secretary)
JIMENEZ GARCIA, LUIS MIGUEL (Member)
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Chairman)
GOMEZ FRAGUELA, Xosé Antón (Secretary)
JIMENEZ GARCIA, LUIS MIGUEL (Member)
Comorbidity between ADHD and dyslexia
Authorship
A.S.P.R.
Psychology
A.S.P.R.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
Neurodevelopmental disorders, particularly Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and dyslexia, are among the main causes of school failure and psychosocial difficulties in childhood and adolescence. These disorders have traditionally been studied separately, despite the high rate at which they co-occur in the same individual. This comorbidity presents a clinical and educational challenge, as it may intensify cognitive, emotional, and academic difficulties in students. The purpose of this study was to analyze the comorbidity between ADHD and dyslexia from a neuropsychological perspective, with special attention to the executive functions involved. The research was conducted through a systematic review of scientific literature published between 2015 and 2025, following the PRISMA protocol. A total of 23 empirical studies were included based on strict methodological criteria. The findings revealed that working memory, inhibition, and sustained attention were executive functions impaired in both ADHD and dyslexia, with more severe deficits in comorbid cases. Additionally, children with dual diagnoses showed a more complex neuropsychological profile, including greater difficulties in reading, writing, emotional self-regulation, and motor coordination. It was concluded that ADHD and dyslexia comorbidity represents a specific clinical profile that cannot be explained as a mere sum of both disorders. These findings highlight the need for differentiated assessments and integrated interventions that simultaneously address the cognitive, emotional, and educational needs of affected students.
Neurodevelopmental disorders, particularly Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and dyslexia, are among the main causes of school failure and psychosocial difficulties in childhood and adolescence. These disorders have traditionally been studied separately, despite the high rate at which they co-occur in the same individual. This comorbidity presents a clinical and educational challenge, as it may intensify cognitive, emotional, and academic difficulties in students. The purpose of this study was to analyze the comorbidity between ADHD and dyslexia from a neuropsychological perspective, with special attention to the executive functions involved. The research was conducted through a systematic review of scientific literature published between 2015 and 2025, following the PRISMA protocol. A total of 23 empirical studies were included based on strict methodological criteria. The findings revealed that working memory, inhibition, and sustained attention were executive functions impaired in both ADHD and dyslexia, with more severe deficits in comorbid cases. Additionally, children with dual diagnoses showed a more complex neuropsychological profile, including greater difficulties in reading, writing, emotional self-regulation, and motor coordination. It was concluded that ADHD and dyslexia comorbidity represents a specific clinical profile that cannot be explained as a mere sum of both disorders. These findings highlight the need for differentiated assessments and integrated interventions that simultaneously address the cognitive, emotional, and educational needs of affected students.
Direction
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Tutorships)
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Tutorships)
Court
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Student’s tutor)
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Student’s tutor)
Multiple sclerosis and social cognition: a review of deficits in theory of mind, emotion recognition, and empathy
Authorship
P.P.D.
Psychology
P.P.D.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:30
07.16.2025 10:30
Summary
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system and represents one of the most common non-traumatic disorders of the nervous system. In addition to causing cognitive and physical impairments, it impacts social cognition, understood as the set of processes that allow individuals to interpret, understand, and respond appropriately in different social situations. This domain encompasses theory of mind (ToM), facial emotion recognition, and empathy. The present work is a systematic review of recent scientific literature that analyzes the impact of MS on social cognition. The search was conducted in the PubMed and PsycInfo databases, and 15 studies were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The majority of the findings indicate a significant deterioration in ToM and facial emotion recognition abilities in MS patients compared to control groups. However, the results regarding empathy are less consistent across studies. Some research also identifies a possible relationship between social cognitive deficits and impairments in other neurocognitive domains, although this association is not conclusive. There is broad agreement on the negative impact of social cognitive difficulties on patients’ quality of life. In conclusion, social cognition appears to be frequently impaired in individuals with MS, with serious consequences for their everyday functioning. These findings underscore the need for further research and the development of specific clinical interventions aimed at addressing these deficits.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system and represents one of the most common non-traumatic disorders of the nervous system. In addition to causing cognitive and physical impairments, it impacts social cognition, understood as the set of processes that allow individuals to interpret, understand, and respond appropriately in different social situations. This domain encompasses theory of mind (ToM), facial emotion recognition, and empathy. The present work is a systematic review of recent scientific literature that analyzes the impact of MS on social cognition. The search was conducted in the PubMed and PsycInfo databases, and 15 studies were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The majority of the findings indicate a significant deterioration in ToM and facial emotion recognition abilities in MS patients compared to control groups. However, the results regarding empathy are less consistent across studies. Some research also identifies a possible relationship between social cognitive deficits and impairments in other neurocognitive domains, although this association is not conclusive. There is broad agreement on the negative impact of social cognitive difficulties on patients’ quality of life. In conclusion, social cognition appears to be frequently impaired in individuals with MS, with serious consequences for their everyday functioning. These findings underscore the need for further research and the development of specific clinical interventions aimed at addressing these deficits.
Direction
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Tutorships)
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Tutorships)
Court
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Student’s tutor)
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Student’s tutor)
Early cognitive impairment as a prognostic marker in Parkinson's disease
Authorship
P.P.L.
Psychology
P.P.L.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 11:00
07.14.2025 11:00
Summary
Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a chronic and persistent neurodegenerative pathology that affects the central and peripheral nervous system as a result of neuronal degeneration. It is more prevalent in men, and it is estimated that in Spain it affects 2% of people over 65 years, growing exponentially with advancing age. Among its manifestations, motor symptoms are the most evident and well-known, but interest in the study of the associated non-motor symptoms (especially in the cognitive area) has increased in recent decades, as previously it was only linked to the more advanced stages of the disease. Tgus, the main objectives of this work are to know the current research on the profile associated with PD when the first signs of objective cognitive impairment become evident and to assess the validity of early cognitive symptoms as markers of disease prognosis. A systematic search of electronic databases was conducted and 11 articles were selected. After review, the cross-sectional and longitudinal studies included point to a predominance of a non-amnesic cognitive profile, with impairment of attention, executive functions, working memory or visuospatial functions. In relation to the prognostic value, it is concluded that the early cognitive impairment is related to a higher risk of developing dementia, greater motor severity, lower daily functionality and higher mortality, without finding a significant impact on the quality of life of patients or on the burden of their caregivers. Finally, contradictory results are found regarding the influence of cognitive impairment in PD on depressive symptomatology.
Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a chronic and persistent neurodegenerative pathology that affects the central and peripheral nervous system as a result of neuronal degeneration. It is more prevalent in men, and it is estimated that in Spain it affects 2% of people over 65 years, growing exponentially with advancing age. Among its manifestations, motor symptoms are the most evident and well-known, but interest in the study of the associated non-motor symptoms (especially in the cognitive area) has increased in recent decades, as previously it was only linked to the more advanced stages of the disease. Tgus, the main objectives of this work are to know the current research on the profile associated with PD when the first signs of objective cognitive impairment become evident and to assess the validity of early cognitive symptoms as markers of disease prognosis. A systematic search of electronic databases was conducted and 11 articles were selected. After review, the cross-sectional and longitudinal studies included point to a predominance of a non-amnesic cognitive profile, with impairment of attention, executive functions, working memory or visuospatial functions. In relation to the prognostic value, it is concluded that the early cognitive impairment is related to a higher risk of developing dementia, greater motor severity, lower daily functionality and higher mortality, without finding a significant impact on the quality of life of patients or on the burden of their caregivers. Finally, contradictory results are found regarding the influence of cognitive impairment in PD on depressive symptomatology.
Direction
PEREIRO ROZAS, ARTURO JOSE (Tutorships)
PEREIRO ROZAS, ARTURO JOSE (Tutorships)
Court
PEREIRO ROZAS, ARTURO JOSE (Student’s tutor)
PEREIRO ROZAS, ARTURO JOSE (Student’s tutor)
Performance on an old/new verbal recognition task in older adults with and without mild cognitive impairment
Authorship
A.P.L.
Psychology
A.P.L.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
Population ageing has increased the need for early detection of neurodegenerative disorders such as dementia, especially in the early stages like Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD). Episodic memory, which is especially vulnerable to ageing and plays a key role in the progression to Alzheimer’s disease, is a priority domain to evaluate. The objective is to analyze performance in an old/new verbal recognition task in four groups of older adults: healthy controls, individuals with SCD, and with single-domain and multi-domain amnesic MCI. The hypothesis is that the MCI groups, especially the multidomain group, will show lower accuracy and longer reaction times compared to controls, while SCD will have a similar or slightly lower performance than healthy individuals. The quantitative study employed an experimental task composed of two phases (immediate and delayed) and collection of behavioral data (hits, errors, and reaction times) in a sample of 280 participants. Statistical analysis was performed using univariate ANOVAs in immediate and delayed recall, controlling for covariates (age, sex, and schooling), and repeated measures ANOVAs in immediate recall. The results confirm worse performance in MCI, especially multi-domain. At the intragroup level, all groups improved between the first block and the following ones in most variables, while the SCD showed a profile very close to the controls. Therefore, the usefulness of verbal recognition tasks as a sensitive tool to identify differentiated cognitive profiles in the initial stages of deterioration is highlighted.
Population ageing has increased the need for early detection of neurodegenerative disorders such as dementia, especially in the early stages like Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD). Episodic memory, which is especially vulnerable to ageing and plays a key role in the progression to Alzheimer’s disease, is a priority domain to evaluate. The objective is to analyze performance in an old/new verbal recognition task in four groups of older adults: healthy controls, individuals with SCD, and with single-domain and multi-domain amnesic MCI. The hypothesis is that the MCI groups, especially the multidomain group, will show lower accuracy and longer reaction times compared to controls, while SCD will have a similar or slightly lower performance than healthy individuals. The quantitative study employed an experimental task composed of two phases (immediate and delayed) and collection of behavioral data (hits, errors, and reaction times) in a sample of 280 participants. Statistical analysis was performed using univariate ANOVAs in immediate and delayed recall, controlling for covariates (age, sex, and schooling), and repeated measures ANOVAs in immediate recall. The results confirm worse performance in MCI, especially multi-domain. At the intragroup level, all groups improved between the first block and the following ones in most variables, while the SCD showed a profile very close to the controls. Therefore, the usefulness of verbal recognition tasks as a sensitive tool to identify differentiated cognitive profiles in the initial stages of deterioration is highlighted.
Direction
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Tutorships)
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Tutorships)
Court
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Chairman)
AMENEDO LOSADA, MARIA ELENA (Secretary)
Vazquez Rodriguez, Maria Isabel (Member)
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Chairman)
AMENEDO LOSADA, MARIA ELENA (Secretary)
Vazquez Rodriguez, Maria Isabel (Member)
Social cognition rehabilitation in patients with traumatic brain injury. A systematic review.
Authorship
E.P.M.
Psychology
E.P.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
The relevance of social cognition rehabilitation in patients with TBI lies in its direct impact on their social and functional reintegration. Objective. To examine the available evidence on interventions aimed at rehabilitating social cognition in adult patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Method. A systematic review was conducted in three databases (Scopus, PubMed, and PsycINFO) up to May 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-experimental studies, and single-case designs focusing on emotional recognition, theory of mind, social skills, and emotional self-regulation were included. Methodological quality was assessed using RoB 2.0 for RCTs and specific tools for quasi-experimental and single-case studies. Results. Twenty-two studies met the inclusion criteria, showing a generally low risk of bias in the RCTs and more variability among quasi-experimental designs. Findings highlighted the effectiveness of multicomponent and technology-based interventions (e.g., SoCoBo, telepractice) in improving emotional recognition, theory of mind, and emotional regulation. Likewise, the Cognitive Pragmatic Treatment (CPT) demonstrated high impact on pragmatic communication skills recovery. Conclusions. Multicomponent and technology-based interventions emerge as the most promising for social cognition rehabilitation in TBI. Despite positive outcomes, limitations were identified, such as heterogeneity in protocols, lack of long-term follow-up, and underrepresentation of patients in subacute phases. This review provides an updated synthesis of the evidence, underlining the need for more robust and standardized studies to optimize patients’ social integration.
The relevance of social cognition rehabilitation in patients with TBI lies in its direct impact on their social and functional reintegration. Objective. To examine the available evidence on interventions aimed at rehabilitating social cognition in adult patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Method. A systematic review was conducted in three databases (Scopus, PubMed, and PsycINFO) up to May 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-experimental studies, and single-case designs focusing on emotional recognition, theory of mind, social skills, and emotional self-regulation were included. Methodological quality was assessed using RoB 2.0 for RCTs and specific tools for quasi-experimental and single-case studies. Results. Twenty-two studies met the inclusion criteria, showing a generally low risk of bias in the RCTs and more variability among quasi-experimental designs. Findings highlighted the effectiveness of multicomponent and technology-based interventions (e.g., SoCoBo, telepractice) in improving emotional recognition, theory of mind, and emotional regulation. Likewise, the Cognitive Pragmatic Treatment (CPT) demonstrated high impact on pragmatic communication skills recovery. Conclusions. Multicomponent and technology-based interventions emerge as the most promising for social cognition rehabilitation in TBI. Despite positive outcomes, limitations were identified, such as heterogeneity in protocols, lack of long-term follow-up, and underrepresentation of patients in subacute phases. This review provides an updated synthesis of the evidence, underlining the need for more robust and standardized studies to optimize patients’ social integration.
Direction
CORRAL VARELA, MARIA MONTSERRAT (Tutorships)
CORRAL VARELA, MARIA MONTSERRAT (Tutorships)
Court
MERINO MADRID, HIPOLITO (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Leirós Lobeiras, Luz Isabel (Member)
MERINO MADRID, HIPOLITO (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Leirós Lobeiras, Luz Isabel (Member)
Gambling disorder and depression: their psychological treatment.
Authorship
S.P.S.
Psychology
S.P.S.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:30
07.16.2025 10:30
Summary
Gambling disorder, recently classified as an addictive disorder, shows comorbidity with various mental health conditions, with depression being one of the most frequent. Several studies have reported a high prevalence of depressive symptoms in individuals with gambling disorder or gambling-related problems. This literature review aims to analyze the relationship between these two disorders and explore the most effective psychological treatments when they co-occur. To this end, a bibliographic search was conducted using the PsycInfo and PubMed databases, resulting in the selection of 14 studies that met the established criteria. The findings indicate that, in both clinical and subclinical contexts, there is a significant association between gambling disorder and depression, although there is no consensus on whether depression acts as a cause or a consequence. Regarding therapeutic approaches, cognitive-behavioral therapy stands out as the most supported intervention, especially when applied in an integrated manner to address both disorders. Online interventions have also shown benefits, although with limitations in adherence and long-term outcome maintenance. Additionally, depressive symptoms may hinder treatment adherence, increasing dropout rates. This review highlights the importance of addressing gambling disorder and depression through a joint clinical approach that enables more effective and personalized interventions.
Gambling disorder, recently classified as an addictive disorder, shows comorbidity with various mental health conditions, with depression being one of the most frequent. Several studies have reported a high prevalence of depressive symptoms in individuals with gambling disorder or gambling-related problems. This literature review aims to analyze the relationship between these two disorders and explore the most effective psychological treatments when they co-occur. To this end, a bibliographic search was conducted using the PsycInfo and PubMed databases, resulting in the selection of 14 studies that met the established criteria. The findings indicate that, in both clinical and subclinical contexts, there is a significant association between gambling disorder and depression, although there is no consensus on whether depression acts as a cause or a consequence. Regarding therapeutic approaches, cognitive-behavioral therapy stands out as the most supported intervention, especially when applied in an integrated manner to address both disorders. Online interventions have also shown benefits, although with limitations in adherence and long-term outcome maintenance. Additionally, depressive symptoms may hinder treatment adherence, increasing dropout rates. This review highlights the importance of addressing gambling disorder and depression through a joint clinical approach that enables more effective and personalized interventions.
Direction
BECOÑA IGLESIAS, ELISARDO (Tutorships)
BECOÑA IGLESIAS, ELISARDO (Tutorships)
Court
Dono Martín, Marcos (Chairman)
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Secretary)
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Member)
Dono Martín, Marcos (Chairman)
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Secretary)
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Member)
Special mechanisms or basic mechanisms for the explanation of traumatic memories?
Authorship
A.P.G.
Psychology
A.P.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 11:00
07.14.2025 11:00
Summary
This research addresses the debate surrounding the explanation of traumatic memories by analysing empirical evidence in favour of both special and basic mechanisms. Our main focus is on traumatic narratives of people with PTSD, with variables such as coherence, level of detail and characteristics of these types of memories being studied. Ten studies conducted over the last decade were selected, and contradictory evidence was found. Three studies show the existence of special mechanisms for integrating traumatic memories, which could explain incoherence or fragmentation in narratives. Four studies argue that traumatic memories use the same encoding and retrieval mechanisms as non-traumatic autobiographical memories because they found no significant differences between the experimental and control groups in the analysed variables. Finally, three studies found mixed evidence in their experiments' results. These results do not provide sufficient evidence to make a unilateral decision in favour of either position. However, given that most of the current results support the principles of the basic versus special mechanisms position, we must take this into account.
This research addresses the debate surrounding the explanation of traumatic memories by analysing empirical evidence in favour of both special and basic mechanisms. Our main focus is on traumatic narratives of people with PTSD, with variables such as coherence, level of detail and characteristics of these types of memories being studied. Ten studies conducted over the last decade were selected, and contradictory evidence was found. Three studies show the existence of special mechanisms for integrating traumatic memories, which could explain incoherence or fragmentation in narratives. Four studies argue that traumatic memories use the same encoding and retrieval mechanisms as non-traumatic autobiographical memories because they found no significant differences between the experimental and control groups in the analysed variables. Finally, three studies found mixed evidence in their experiments' results. These results do not provide sufficient evidence to make a unilateral decision in favour of either position. However, given that most of the current results support the principles of the basic versus special mechanisms position, we must take this into account.
Direction
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Tutorships)
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Tutorships)
Court
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Student’s tutor)
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Student’s tutor)
The role of emotion recognition in the differential diagnosis between behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's dementia: a systematic review
Authorship
J.P.F.
Psychology
J.P.F.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
The frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is the third most common disease in people older than 65 years. Its behavioral variant (bvFTD), which entails 50% of the cases, is associated with a progressive degeneration of the neural routes involved in social cognition. On the other hand, the most frequent Alzheimer’s dementia (AD) presentation is associated with a hippocampus degeneration and defined by a noticeable decline of the episodic memory, while its frontal variant presents a more behavioral symptomatology. The possibility of mixing both diseases, and their high prevalence in society, makes it necessary to optimize the differential diagnosis between both types of dementia. The present systematic review aims to study the role of emotional recognition, a social cognition process affected in the bvFTD, to differentiate it from AD. In this review, we included articles that assessed the emotion recognition ability of bvFTD and AD patients. On 10th December 2024, we did a research in Scopus, Pubmed and Psycinfo, of which we extracted the 10 final studies that we used. The total sample of all the studies reaches an amount of 373 bvFTD participants and 335 AD participants. It was observed that the bvFTD group had a more severe deficit in emotion recognition compared to the control group and the AD group, to basic and complex emotions and, especially, toward negative emotions. Therefore, it is considered appropriate to use emotion recognition tests in dementia assessment protocols, to ease the differential diagnosis.
The frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is the third most common disease in people older than 65 years. Its behavioral variant (bvFTD), which entails 50% of the cases, is associated with a progressive degeneration of the neural routes involved in social cognition. On the other hand, the most frequent Alzheimer’s dementia (AD) presentation is associated with a hippocampus degeneration and defined by a noticeable decline of the episodic memory, while its frontal variant presents a more behavioral symptomatology. The possibility of mixing both diseases, and their high prevalence in society, makes it necessary to optimize the differential diagnosis between both types of dementia. The present systematic review aims to study the role of emotional recognition, a social cognition process affected in the bvFTD, to differentiate it from AD. In this review, we included articles that assessed the emotion recognition ability of bvFTD and AD patients. On 10th December 2024, we did a research in Scopus, Pubmed and Psycinfo, of which we extracted the 10 final studies that we used. The total sample of all the studies reaches an amount of 373 bvFTD participants and 335 AD participants. It was observed that the bvFTD group had a more severe deficit in emotion recognition compared to the control group and the AD group, to basic and complex emotions and, especially, toward negative emotions. Therefore, it is considered appropriate to use emotion recognition tests in dementia assessment protocols, to ease the differential diagnosis.
Direction
CORRAL VARELA, MARIA MONTSERRAT (Tutorships)
CORRAL VARELA, MARIA MONTSERRAT (Tutorships)
Court
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Chairman)
Sampedro Vizcaya, María José (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Member)
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Chairman)
Sampedro Vizcaya, María José (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Member)
Bullying in adolescence: perception and strategies for prevention and intervention
Authorship
U.P.M.
Psychology
U.P.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
Bullying is a highly complex social phenomenon, whose prevalence and seriousness have placed it as a priority issue both in the field of public health and in school coexistence. Despite this, in Spain its study is still limited, and there is little research that has focused on knowing the perception and awareness of children and adolescents of this problem. The objective of this qualitative study is to explore the discourse of adolescents around bullying. To this end, a sample of 47 adolescents enrolled in the first cycle of Compulsory Secondary Education was used. The distribution by sex was 48.9% men and 51.1% women. The ages of the participants ranged from 12 to 16 years (M = 13.19; SD = 1.03). They were divided into six discussion groups of between 6 and 10 people. Each group debated on some questions that the moderator was offering. The content of the discussion was recorded in audio and was subsequently analyzed with the help of ATLAS.ti software, which allowed the identification of relevant discursive patterns. The results offer a deep understanding of how students understand and perceive bullying, revealing the need to design preventive programs more adjusted to their experiences and concerns.
Bullying is a highly complex social phenomenon, whose prevalence and seriousness have placed it as a priority issue both in the field of public health and in school coexistence. Despite this, in Spain its study is still limited, and there is little research that has focused on knowing the perception and awareness of children and adolescents of this problem. The objective of this qualitative study is to explore the discourse of adolescents around bullying. To this end, a sample of 47 adolescents enrolled in the first cycle of Compulsory Secondary Education was used. The distribution by sex was 48.9% men and 51.1% women. The ages of the participants ranged from 12 to 16 years (M = 13.19; SD = 1.03). They were divided into six discussion groups of between 6 and 10 people. Each group debated on some questions that the moderator was offering. The content of the discussion was recorded in audio and was subsequently analyzed with the help of ATLAS.ti software, which allowed the identification of relevant discursive patterns. The results offer a deep understanding of how students understand and perceive bullying, revealing the need to design preventive programs more adjusted to their experiences and concerns.
Direction
Novo Pérez, Mercedes (Tutorships)
Novo Pérez, Mercedes (Tutorships)
Court
IGLESIAS CRIADO, MARIA DEL MAR (Chairman)
Taboada Ares, Eva María (Secretary)
VARELA MALLOU, JESUS (Member)
IGLESIAS CRIADO, MARIA DEL MAR (Chairman)
Taboada Ares, Eva María (Secretary)
VARELA MALLOU, JESUS (Member)
The effectiveness of Dialectical Behavior Therapy in people with Borderline Personality Disorder. A sistematic review.
Authorship
J.P.G.
Psychology
J.P.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:30
07.16.2025 10:30
Summary
The present undergraduate thesis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) in individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). To achieve this objective, a systematic review of the scientific literature published over the last ten years was conducted, drawing on the main databases Scopus and PsycINFO. Specific inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to identify a total of eleven relevant studies. These studies encompass various methodologies and clinical contexts, including both outpatient and inpatient interventions, as well as comparisons with other active treatments. Additionally, the review considered the outcomes of DBT interventions of different durations, ranging from short-term programs to longer treatment formats. The analysis focused on key variables such as the reduction of core BPD symptoms, improvements in emotional regulation and impulsivity, and other factors associated with the patients’ psychological well-being. Moreover, the effects of DBT on self-compassion and integrative self-knowledge were explored, which are crucial elements in the therapeutic approach to this disorder. The findings from the reviewed studies offer an updated perspective on the application of DBT for individuals with BPD and provide a synthesis of the most relevant results, contributing to a broader understanding of its therapeutic potential and its clinical implications.
The present undergraduate thesis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) in individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). To achieve this objective, a systematic review of the scientific literature published over the last ten years was conducted, drawing on the main databases Scopus and PsycINFO. Specific inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to identify a total of eleven relevant studies. These studies encompass various methodologies and clinical contexts, including both outpatient and inpatient interventions, as well as comparisons with other active treatments. Additionally, the review considered the outcomes of DBT interventions of different durations, ranging from short-term programs to longer treatment formats. The analysis focused on key variables such as the reduction of core BPD symptoms, improvements in emotional regulation and impulsivity, and other factors associated with the patients’ psychological well-being. Moreover, the effects of DBT on self-compassion and integrative self-knowledge were explored, which are crucial elements in the therapeutic approach to this disorder. The findings from the reviewed studies offer an updated perspective on the application of DBT for individuals with BPD and provide a synthesis of the most relevant results, contributing to a broader understanding of its therapeutic potential and its clinical implications.
Direction
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Tutorships)
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Tutorships)
Court
VAZQUEZ GONZALEZ, FERNANDO LINO (Chairman)
CID FERNANDEZ, SUSANA (Secretary)
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Member)
VAZQUEZ GONZALEZ, FERNANDO LINO (Chairman)
CID FERNANDEZ, SUSANA (Secretary)
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Member)
Efficacy of suicidal behavior prevention programs in older adults: A mini-systematic review
Authorship
U.P.L.
Psychology
U.P.L.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
The high prevalence of suicide among older adults demands urgent research into this phenomenon, particularly studies examining the efficacy of interventions aimed at preventing suicidal behaviors in this age group. This paper presents a systematic review of suicidal behavior prevention programs for adults aged 50 and older, sourced from PsycInfo, Medline, and WoS. The selected articles were published in peer-reviewed journals and employed experimental or quasi-experimental designs to validly assess cause-effect relationships between interventions and their outcomes. Among the 12 reviewed articles, 7 involved clinical samples and 5 used subclinical/community-based samples. Interventions analyzed in studies with clinical samples primarily included collaborative care in primary care settings and psychotherapy, whereas studies with subclinical or community samples focused on community-based interventions. Notably, both clinical and subclinical/community studies predominantly featured multicomponent interventions. The selected articles introduce innovative approaches not covered in previous reviews, particularly psychoeducation programs targeting primary care physicians, interventions designed for institutional settings where older adults reside, and those incorporating new technologies. Findings on efficacy are encouraging, generally reporting positive impacts on reducing suicidal behaviors, especially suicidal ideation, particularly in interventions targeting participants recruited from clinical contexts, who typically exhibit higher risk factors and prior suicidal behavior.
The high prevalence of suicide among older adults demands urgent research into this phenomenon, particularly studies examining the efficacy of interventions aimed at preventing suicidal behaviors in this age group. This paper presents a systematic review of suicidal behavior prevention programs for adults aged 50 and older, sourced from PsycInfo, Medline, and WoS. The selected articles were published in peer-reviewed journals and employed experimental or quasi-experimental designs to validly assess cause-effect relationships between interventions and their outcomes. Among the 12 reviewed articles, 7 involved clinical samples and 5 used subclinical/community-based samples. Interventions analyzed in studies with clinical samples primarily included collaborative care in primary care settings and psychotherapy, whereas studies with subclinical or community samples focused on community-based interventions. Notably, both clinical and subclinical/community studies predominantly featured multicomponent interventions. The selected articles introduce innovative approaches not covered in previous reviews, particularly psychoeducation programs targeting primary care physicians, interventions designed for institutional settings where older adults reside, and those incorporating new technologies. Findings on efficacy are encouraging, generally reporting positive impacts on reducing suicidal behaviors, especially suicidal ideation, particularly in interventions targeting participants recruited from clinical contexts, who typically exhibit higher risk factors and prior suicidal behavior.
Direction
PEREIRO ROZAS, ARTURO JOSE (Tutorships)
PEREIRO ROZAS, ARTURO JOSE (Tutorships)
Court
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Chairman)
ESMORIS ARRANZ, FRANCISCO JOSE (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Member)
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Chairman)
ESMORIS ARRANZ, FRANCISCO JOSE (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Member)
Psychological treatment to control positive psychotic symptoms
Authorship
P.P.H.
Psychology
P.P.H.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 11:30
07.07.2025 11:30
Summary
Psychotic disorders are defined by the presence of symptoms that significantly distort patients' perception of reality. Positive symptoms of schizophrenia, including delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized thought and behavior, represent core features of these conditions. Although the pharmaceutical industry has devoted considerable effort to mitigating these symptoms, antipsychotic medications demonstrate only limited efficacy in symptom control. Furthermore, the adverse side effects associated with these drugs constitute a major barrier to long-term treatment adherence. The present study aims to evaluate the potential effectiveness of psychotherapy in the management of positive symptoms in individuals with psychotic disorders. To this end, a comprehensive review of the literature was conducted, focusing on studies examining the impact of various psychological interventions, primarily cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and its derivatives. The review also considered different modes of delivery (individual, group, and digital formats), alongside potential effects on additional clinical outcomes, including negative symptoms, depressive symptoms, social functioning, and insight. The findings suggest a consistent trend toward symptomatic improvement through psychotherapy; however, the magnitude of these effects varies depending on the specific intervention employed. Notably, combining psychotherapy with pharmacological treatment appears to produce superior outcomes compared to medication alone. These results offer valuable guidance for enhancing clinical practice in the treatment of severe mental disorders. Nonetheless, further research is needed to refine and expand upon these findings.
Psychotic disorders are defined by the presence of symptoms that significantly distort patients' perception of reality. Positive symptoms of schizophrenia, including delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized thought and behavior, represent core features of these conditions. Although the pharmaceutical industry has devoted considerable effort to mitigating these symptoms, antipsychotic medications demonstrate only limited efficacy in symptom control. Furthermore, the adverse side effects associated with these drugs constitute a major barrier to long-term treatment adherence. The present study aims to evaluate the potential effectiveness of psychotherapy in the management of positive symptoms in individuals with psychotic disorders. To this end, a comprehensive review of the literature was conducted, focusing on studies examining the impact of various psychological interventions, primarily cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and its derivatives. The review also considered different modes of delivery (individual, group, and digital formats), alongside potential effects on additional clinical outcomes, including negative symptoms, depressive symptoms, social functioning, and insight. The findings suggest a consistent trend toward symptomatic improvement through psychotherapy; however, the magnitude of these effects varies depending on the specific intervention employed. Notably, combining psychotherapy with pharmacological treatment appears to produce superior outcomes compared to medication alone. These results offer valuable guidance for enhancing clinical practice in the treatment of severe mental disorders. Nonetheless, further research is needed to refine and expand upon these findings.
Direction
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Tutorships)
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Tutorships)
Court
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Student’s tutor)
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Student’s tutor)
Analysis of the efficacy of three psychosocial interventions for the treatment of bipolar disorder
Authorship
L.P.C.
Psychology
L.P.C.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Bipolar disorder is a chronic, complex mental disorder, characterized by the alternating presence of depressive, manic or hypomanic episodes, that can cause a deterioration in different areas of life for those who suffer from it, affecting their quality of life. In recent years, attention has been increasingly paid to the development of specific psychosocial treatments for bipolar disorder, partly due to the disappointingly low remission and recovery rates achieved with the application of psychotropic drugs alone. Therefore, the aim of the present dissertation was to analyse, through the review of 17 clinical trials, the efficacy of three of the psychological interventions with current empirical support for the management of this disorder: Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Family-Focused Therapy (FFT), and Interpersonal and Social Rhythm Therapy (IPSRT). Namely, this dissertation investigated the main results obtained related to affective symptomatology, relapses, pharmacological adherence and use of health services, quality of life, and functioning in various areas of the lives of the patients. The results indicate that the three therapies can provide clinical benefits compared to pharmacological treatment alone or other interventions used as controls, with FFT presenting the most consistent efficacy. Ultimately, the adoption of an integrative approach, combining pharmacotherapy with an evidence-based psychological intervention, seems to be the best option to guarantee a good clinical course and an improvement in the functioning and quality of life of people suffering from this disorder.
Bipolar disorder is a chronic, complex mental disorder, characterized by the alternating presence of depressive, manic or hypomanic episodes, that can cause a deterioration in different areas of life for those who suffer from it, affecting their quality of life. In recent years, attention has been increasingly paid to the development of specific psychosocial treatments for bipolar disorder, partly due to the disappointingly low remission and recovery rates achieved with the application of psychotropic drugs alone. Therefore, the aim of the present dissertation was to analyse, through the review of 17 clinical trials, the efficacy of three of the psychological interventions with current empirical support for the management of this disorder: Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Family-Focused Therapy (FFT), and Interpersonal and Social Rhythm Therapy (IPSRT). Namely, this dissertation investigated the main results obtained related to affective symptomatology, relapses, pharmacological adherence and use of health services, quality of life, and functioning in various areas of the lives of the patients. The results indicate that the three therapies can provide clinical benefits compared to pharmacological treatment alone or other interventions used as controls, with FFT presenting the most consistent efficacy. Ultimately, the adoption of an integrative approach, combining pharmacotherapy with an evidence-based psychological intervention, seems to be the best option to guarantee a good clinical course and an improvement in the functioning and quality of life of people suffering from this disorder.
Direction
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Tutorships)
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Tutorships)
Court
CUTRIN MOSTEIRO, OLALLA (Chairman)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Secretary)
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Member)
CUTRIN MOSTEIRO, OLALLA (Chairman)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Secretary)
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Member)
Psychological treatments for quitting dual use of tobacco and cannabis.
Authorship
L.Q.D.
Psychology
L.Q.D.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
The dual use of tobacco and cannabis represents a complex addictive behavior that poses specific challenges for therapeutic intervention. In this context, it is essential to identify effective interventions that address this issue. The aim of this paper is to provide an updated review of psychological treatments, administered alone or in combination with pharmacological treatments, for quitting the dual use of tobacco and cannabis, in order to analyze their main characteristics and results. A total of 14 studies with various designs were included, focusing mainly on young adults. The most common psychological treatments were cognitive-behavioral therapy, motivational interviewing and contingency management, while the combined interventions included medications such as varenicline, N-acetylcysteine or nicotine replacement therapy. The findings show promising preliminary results for both types of interventions in terms of reducing and quitting dual use. However, methodological heterogeneity, a lack of long-term abstinence measures and the absence of studies in diverse populations limit the generalization of these findings. There is a need to design treatments adapted to the profiles of the users and current social changes, integrating new technologies and application formats such as group-based interventions.
The dual use of tobacco and cannabis represents a complex addictive behavior that poses specific challenges for therapeutic intervention. In this context, it is essential to identify effective interventions that address this issue. The aim of this paper is to provide an updated review of psychological treatments, administered alone or in combination with pharmacological treatments, for quitting the dual use of tobacco and cannabis, in order to analyze their main characteristics and results. A total of 14 studies with various designs were included, focusing mainly on young adults. The most common psychological treatments were cognitive-behavioral therapy, motivational interviewing and contingency management, while the combined interventions included medications such as varenicline, N-acetylcysteine or nicotine replacement therapy. The findings show promising preliminary results for both types of interventions in terms of reducing and quitting dual use. However, methodological heterogeneity, a lack of long-term abstinence measures and the absence of studies in diverse populations limit the generalization of these findings. There is a need to design treatments adapted to the profiles of the users and current social changes, integrating new technologies and application formats such as group-based interventions.
Direction
BARROSO HURTADO, MARIA (Tutorships)
BARROSO HURTADO, MARIA (Tutorships)
Court
Alzate García, Mónica (Chairman)
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Secretary)
CORRAL VARELA, MARIA MONTSERRAT (Member)
Alzate García, Mónica (Chairman)
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Secretary)
CORRAL VARELA, MARIA MONTSERRAT (Member)
The Emotional Stroop Task and War Veterans
Authorship
N.Q.G.
Psychology
N.Q.G.
Psychology
Defense date
02.13.2025 10:30
02.13.2025 10:30
Summary
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is an intense and persistent condition that is associated with both physical symptoms and an important level of comorbidity with other disorders, such as depression, anxiety, and substance abuse. One of the most affected populations is war veterans, who are often impacted due to prolonged exposure to traumatic events and constant threats to their physical integrity. The Emotional Stroop Task is a test that evaluates the impact of emotional stimuli, such as words related to threatening or traumatic situations, on selective attention processes and cognitive control. The objective is to name the colour in which the words are written, and longer response times are observed for words that are emotionally relevant to the individual. The purpose of this study is to analyse the differences observed between war veterans with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and those without the condition in the execution of the task. To achieve this, a literature review was conducted, and a total of 10 articles were selected for an in-depth analysis. The main results indicate that war veterans with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder show greater delays in naming the colour of words related to combat compared to other word categories and the control group. Despite methodological differences among the reviewed studies, the results are consistent, demonstrating an attentional bias in these individuals toward threatening stimuli.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is an intense and persistent condition that is associated with both physical symptoms and an important level of comorbidity with other disorders, such as depression, anxiety, and substance abuse. One of the most affected populations is war veterans, who are often impacted due to prolonged exposure to traumatic events and constant threats to their physical integrity. The Emotional Stroop Task is a test that evaluates the impact of emotional stimuli, such as words related to threatening or traumatic situations, on selective attention processes and cognitive control. The objective is to name the colour in which the words are written, and longer response times are observed for words that are emotionally relevant to the individual. The purpose of this study is to analyse the differences observed between war veterans with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and those without the condition in the execution of the task. To achieve this, a literature review was conducted, and a total of 10 articles were selected for an in-depth analysis. The main results indicate that war veterans with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder show greater delays in naming the colour of words related to combat compared to other word categories and the control group. Despite methodological differences among the reviewed studies, the results are consistent, demonstrating an attentional bias in these individuals toward threatening stimuli.
Direction
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Tutorships)
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Tutorships)
Court
PONTE FERNANDEZ, DOLORES (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
PONTE FERNANDEZ, DOLORES (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
Evaluation of Malingered Psychological Damage in Rape Cases Using the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI)
Authorship
P.Q.G.
Psychology
P.Q.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 12:30
07.07.2025 12:30
Summary
Sexual violence crimes are characterized by the difficulty in providing evidence because of witnesses’ absence. Medical evidence, such as vaginal injuries, or biological evidence, such as the presence of the accused´s DNA, can be justified as a consent sexual relation. In this context, psychologycal intervention may have a determinant role by the evaluation of the victim´s psychological damage. In legal context, the psychological victim´s assessment is not enough, it becomes imperative to ensure their validity, ruling out malingering. Thus, every psychological assessment applied must have scales to control malingering, besides including scales to evaluate psychological symptomatology. One of the assessments that adjusts to these requirements is the Personality Inventory Assessment. Therefore, there´s few evidence about its application in the Spanish context and, more specifically, in sexual violence context. As a result, this study´s principal objective is to analyze PAI´s effectiveness in the forensic psychological assessment of simulated psychological damage in cases of rape. To do so, it was performed a simulation design (quasi-experimental and intra-subject, in this case), in which participate 33 women of legal age, in absence of mental illness and of sexual victimization. These women should complete the PAI under two conditions: reality and simulation. In the first case, they should fulfill the assessment honestly, whereas in simulation´s case, they should try to simulate the psychological damage characteristic after rape cases. The results show that women are not only capable of faking symptomatology they don´t have, they also can incorporate successfully the symptomatology typical after a rape case in its primary form (PTSD) and even in its secondary form (Anxiety, Depression…). To do so, they used two strategies: “symptoms severity” and “indiscriminate symptomatology aggregation”. On the other hand, the study of the sensitivity of the PAI validity indicators questions their effectiveness in detecting malingering. To conclude, thinking about professional practice, these findings warn about the need of using the PIA combined with other techniques within multi-method and multi-measure protocols.
Sexual violence crimes are characterized by the difficulty in providing evidence because of witnesses’ absence. Medical evidence, such as vaginal injuries, or biological evidence, such as the presence of the accused´s DNA, can be justified as a consent sexual relation. In this context, psychologycal intervention may have a determinant role by the evaluation of the victim´s psychological damage. In legal context, the psychological victim´s assessment is not enough, it becomes imperative to ensure their validity, ruling out malingering. Thus, every psychological assessment applied must have scales to control malingering, besides including scales to evaluate psychological symptomatology. One of the assessments that adjusts to these requirements is the Personality Inventory Assessment. Therefore, there´s few evidence about its application in the Spanish context and, more specifically, in sexual violence context. As a result, this study´s principal objective is to analyze PAI´s effectiveness in the forensic psychological assessment of simulated psychological damage in cases of rape. To do so, it was performed a simulation design (quasi-experimental and intra-subject, in this case), in which participate 33 women of legal age, in absence of mental illness and of sexual victimization. These women should complete the PAI under two conditions: reality and simulation. In the first case, they should fulfill the assessment honestly, whereas in simulation´s case, they should try to simulate the psychological damage characteristic after rape cases. The results show that women are not only capable of faking symptomatology they don´t have, they also can incorporate successfully the symptomatology typical after a rape case in its primary form (PTSD) and even in its secondary form (Anxiety, Depression…). To do so, they used two strategies: “symptoms severity” and “indiscriminate symptomatology aggregation”. On the other hand, the study of the sensitivity of the PAI validity indicators questions their effectiveness in detecting malingering. To conclude, thinking about professional practice, these findings warn about the need of using the PIA combined with other techniques within multi-method and multi-measure protocols.
Direction
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Tutorships)
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Tutorships)
Court
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Coordinator)
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Student’s tutor)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Coordinator)
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Student’s tutor)
Assessment of Sexual Consent in Consensual and Non-Consensual Relationships among University Students: A Systematic Review
Authorship
N.R.C.
Psychology
N.R.C.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 12:00
07.15.2025 12:00
Summary
Sexual consent, understood as the free and voluntary expression of the desire to engage in sexual activity, is a complex process influenced by relational and contextual factors. In the university setting, where vulnerability and sexual exploration often converge, its understanding and measurement remain ambiguous. This paper examines how sexual consent has been conceptualized and assessed in both wanted and unwanted sexual experiences. The aim of this study is to analyze how consent is measured among university populations, addressing both consensual and non-consensual sexual encounters. Through a systematic review of 35 studies published between 2020 and 2025, various methodologies, definitions, and instruments used to assess this complex and multidimensional construct were explored. The findings reveal considerable methodological heterogeneity and a lack of standardized instruments. Many studies do not explicitly define consent, and its communication ranges from verbal to non-verbal cues, including implicit signals. Factors such as alcohol use, social pressure, gender, and previous relationships significantly influence how consent is expressed. Furthermore, the coexistence of consent without desire (sexual compliance) was noted, which challenges the validity of understanding consent solely as affirmative agreement. The conclusion highlights the urgent need for clearer definitions and more sensitive measurement tools that can capture the complexity of consent in university contexts. This would support the development of more ethical, inclusive, and realistic educational interventions.
Sexual consent, understood as the free and voluntary expression of the desire to engage in sexual activity, is a complex process influenced by relational and contextual factors. In the university setting, where vulnerability and sexual exploration often converge, its understanding and measurement remain ambiguous. This paper examines how sexual consent has been conceptualized and assessed in both wanted and unwanted sexual experiences. The aim of this study is to analyze how consent is measured among university populations, addressing both consensual and non-consensual sexual encounters. Through a systematic review of 35 studies published between 2020 and 2025, various methodologies, definitions, and instruments used to assess this complex and multidimensional construct were explored. The findings reveal considerable methodological heterogeneity and a lack of standardized instruments. Many studies do not explicitly define consent, and its communication ranges from verbal to non-verbal cues, including implicit signals. Factors such as alcohol use, social pressure, gender, and previous relationships significantly influence how consent is expressed. Furthermore, the coexistence of consent without desire (sexual compliance) was noted, which challenges the validity of understanding consent solely as affirmative agreement. The conclusion highlights the urgent need for clearer definitions and more sensitive measurement tools that can capture the complexity of consent in university contexts. This would support the development of more ethical, inclusive, and realistic educational interventions.
Direction
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Tutorships)
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Tutorships)
Court
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Student’s tutor)
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Student’s tutor)
Eating disorders in artistic gymnasts.
Authorship
R.R.S.
Psychology
R.R.S.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:00
07.07.2025 10:00
Summary
This study addresses eating disorders (ED) in artistic gymnasts, with the aim of identifying their prevalence, associated risk factors and consequences on both their physical and psychological health. The main results of the literature review coincide in characterizing these disorders as an alteration in eating and weight control, which is often exacerbated in the practitioners of this aesthetic sport given the high aesthetic and performance demands to which they are exposed, and the social pressure exerted by their coaches and family members to achieve sporting success. Since in this sport thinness is perceived as a determinant of success, it is common for gymnasts to show high body dissatisfaction, which together with the need to achieve perfection in all areas of their lives and the anxiety they suffer as a result, increases the risk of developing an eating disorder and adopting restrictive diets and behaviors harmful to their overall health. The latter leads to a set of hormonal disorders, menstrual alterations and loss of bone density, known as the “female athlete triad”, which increases the risk of fractures and metabolic problems, as well as depression and anxiety, affecting their quality of life. Furthermore, the studies reviewed show that the prevalence of ED in athletes (especially in aesthetic sports) is higher than in the general population, with the incidence in Spanish gymnasts being 23%, which reflects the seriousness of the problem and the importance of prevention and early intervention to identify the first signs of ED and thus minimize its impact, ensuring the welfare of gymnasts.
This study addresses eating disorders (ED) in artistic gymnasts, with the aim of identifying their prevalence, associated risk factors and consequences on both their physical and psychological health. The main results of the literature review coincide in characterizing these disorders as an alteration in eating and weight control, which is often exacerbated in the practitioners of this aesthetic sport given the high aesthetic and performance demands to which they are exposed, and the social pressure exerted by their coaches and family members to achieve sporting success. Since in this sport thinness is perceived as a determinant of success, it is common for gymnasts to show high body dissatisfaction, which together with the need to achieve perfection in all areas of their lives and the anxiety they suffer as a result, increases the risk of developing an eating disorder and adopting restrictive diets and behaviors harmful to their overall health. The latter leads to a set of hormonal disorders, menstrual alterations and loss of bone density, known as the “female athlete triad”, which increases the risk of fractures and metabolic problems, as well as depression and anxiety, affecting their quality of life. Furthermore, the studies reviewed show that the prevalence of ED in athletes (especially in aesthetic sports) is higher than in the general population, with the incidence in Spanish gymnasts being 23%, which reflects the seriousness of the problem and the importance of prevention and early intervention to identify the first signs of ED and thus minimize its impact, ensuring the welfare of gymnasts.
Direction
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Tutorships)
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Tutorships)
Court
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Student’s tutor)
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Student’s tutor)
Biases in the emotional processing of faces in depression: a review of studies with evoked potentials
Authorship
N.R.G.
Psychology
N.R.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 11:30
07.14.2025 11:30
Summary
Major depression (MD) is a mood disorder characterized by a persistently low mood and a loss of pleasure or interest in previously enjoyable activities, lasting for a minimum of two weeks, every day or almost every day. In individuals with MD, a bias toward emotionally negative content may play a significant role, both in increasing initial vulnerability to the disorder and in elevating the risk of recurrence. Thus, the main objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of studies that have investigated potential biases in the early and late processing of faces with different emotional expressions in samples of individuals with major depression (MD), using the event-related potential (ERP) technique. The findings from the reviewed studies suggest that individuals diagnosed with MD do indeed exhibit this negativity bias. These individuals allocate more attentional resources to, and perceive more accurately, stimuli that are congruent with their mood. Furthermore, psychophysiological results show that this bias modulates ERP components that reflect both early (P1, P2, N170) and late stages of processing (P3, LPP, or N250).
Major depression (MD) is a mood disorder characterized by a persistently low mood and a loss of pleasure or interest in previously enjoyable activities, lasting for a minimum of two weeks, every day or almost every day. In individuals with MD, a bias toward emotionally negative content may play a significant role, both in increasing initial vulnerability to the disorder and in elevating the risk of recurrence. Thus, the main objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of studies that have investigated potential biases in the early and late processing of faces with different emotional expressions in samples of individuals with major depression (MD), using the event-related potential (ERP) technique. The findings from the reviewed studies suggest that individuals diagnosed with MD do indeed exhibit this negativity bias. These individuals allocate more attentional resources to, and perceive more accurately, stimuli that are congruent with their mood. Furthermore, psychophysiological results show that this bias modulates ERP components that reflect both early (P1, P2, N170) and late stages of processing (P3, LPP, or N250).
Direction
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Tutorships)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Tutorships)
Court
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Student’s tutor)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Student’s tutor)
Lexical Descriptors of Personality in Galician.
Authorship
E.R.G.
Psychology
E.R.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:30
07.16.2025 10:30
Summary
This final degree project aims to explore lexical descriptors of personality in Galician based on spontaneous contributions from its speakers, using an emic approach, in which the speakers themselves provide the terms according to their own linguistic context. The Big Five Personality Model is the theoretical framework of reference, proposing five fundamental dimensions: extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience (cf. Goldberg, 1981). Galician speakers' most frequently evoked adjectives to describe personality traits were identified, and their affective load and psychological categorization were analyzed. A free evocation methodology was used, and the data were analyzed with the JASP program. To obtain additional information on valence and arousal, the emoFinder database was used, and to consult the frequency of terms in written language use, the Tesouro Informatizado da Lingua Galega (TILG) corpus was consulted. The results show a prevalence of terms with positive valence, coinciding with previous studies in other Romance languages. The classification according to the Big Five model reveals a greater representation of the dimensions of extraversion and agreeableness. This research represents a first empirical approach to the lexicon of personality in the Galician language. It highlights the need to develop specific resources adapted to the linguistic reality of the language.
This final degree project aims to explore lexical descriptors of personality in Galician based on spontaneous contributions from its speakers, using an emic approach, in which the speakers themselves provide the terms according to their own linguistic context. The Big Five Personality Model is the theoretical framework of reference, proposing five fundamental dimensions: extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience (cf. Goldberg, 1981). Galician speakers' most frequently evoked adjectives to describe personality traits were identified, and their affective load and psychological categorization were analyzed. A free evocation methodology was used, and the data were analyzed with the JASP program. To obtain additional information on valence and arousal, the emoFinder database was used, and to consult the frequency of terms in written language use, the Tesouro Informatizado da Lingua Galega (TILG) corpus was consulted. The results show a prevalence of terms with positive valence, coinciding with previous studies in other Romance languages. The classification according to the Big Five model reveals a greater representation of the dimensions of extraversion and agreeableness. This research represents a first empirical approach to the lexicon of personality in the Galician language. It highlights the need to develop specific resources adapted to the linguistic reality of the language.
Direction
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Tutorships)
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Tutorships)
Court
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Student’s tutor)
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Student’s tutor)
Psychosocial Risk and Protective Factors for Heavy Alcohol Consumption in Young People
Authorship
A.R.J.
Psychology
A.R.J.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:30
07.16.2025 10:30
Summary
Alcohol use among adolescents and youth, with a prevalence of 62,7% who have consumed it the last month, constitutes a practice shaped by diverse variables that can act as both risk and protective factors. This study aims to review and analyze the main psychosocial factors influencing alcohol consumption patterns in this population, with particular emphasis on how these dimensions affect both the initation and maintenance of use. Furthermore, considering the complex relationship between psychosocial factors and alcohol use, and the way these dynamics manifest differently depending on variables such as age and sex, a literature review was conducted to examine the role of family environment, social influences, cognitive styles, and emotional and personality traits in shaping adolescent drinking behavior. Likewise, protective factors like adaptive coping styles, family support, or self-esteem are also analyzed, as they may reduce or moderate the likelihood of alcohol use in this age group. To achieve this, a systematic search was carried out using the Web of Science, PsycINFO and PubMed databases, rescricting the selection to articles published between 2020 and the present. Finally, a total of 17 articles meeting the established eligibility and methodoligical quality criteria were included in the review.
Alcohol use among adolescents and youth, with a prevalence of 62,7% who have consumed it the last month, constitutes a practice shaped by diverse variables that can act as both risk and protective factors. This study aims to review and analyze the main psychosocial factors influencing alcohol consumption patterns in this population, with particular emphasis on how these dimensions affect both the initation and maintenance of use. Furthermore, considering the complex relationship between psychosocial factors and alcohol use, and the way these dynamics manifest differently depending on variables such as age and sex, a literature review was conducted to examine the role of family environment, social influences, cognitive styles, and emotional and personality traits in shaping adolescent drinking behavior. Likewise, protective factors like adaptive coping styles, family support, or self-esteem are also analyzed, as they may reduce or moderate the likelihood of alcohol use in this age group. To achieve this, a systematic search was carried out using the Web of Science, PsycINFO and PubMed databases, rescricting the selection to articles published between 2020 and the present. Finally, a total of 17 articles meeting the established eligibility and methodoligical quality criteria were included in the review.
Direction
Cadaveira Mahía, Fernando (Tutorships)
Cadaveira Mahía, Fernando (Tutorships)
Court
VAZQUEZ GONZALEZ, FERNANDO LINO (Chairman)
CID FERNANDEZ, SUSANA (Secretary)
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Member)
VAZQUEZ GONZALEZ, FERNANDO LINO (Chairman)
CID FERNANDEZ, SUSANA (Secretary)
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Member)
Social isolation in individuals with hearing disabilities.
Authorship
G.R.M.
Psychology
G.R.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 12:00
07.07.2025 12:00
Summary
Hearing loss has several consequences that can affect individuals' lives, particularly in terms of social and psychological/emotional development. One of the most frequent consequences is social isolation, which results from the communication difficulties faced by individuals with hearing impairment in various everyday situations, significantly impacting their overall well-being. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between social isolation and hearing loss through a systematic literature review. The databases WOS and PsycInfo were used for the literature search. Studies that investigated the association between social isolation and hearing loss were included, while those focusing on unrelated topics or on psychiatric disorders such as dementia or schizophrenia were excluded. Out of 173 articles initially identified, 14 were selected for the final review. The results indicate a clear association between social is olation, reduced social participation, and a diminished support network. Moreover, advancing age appears to increase the risk of social isolation among individuals with more severe hearing loss, while the use of interventions such as hearing aids was associated with improvements. Additionally, individuals experiencing social isolation may develop emotional consequences, including depression. In conclusion, preventing social isolation among individuals with hearing loss is essential to avoid negative socio-emotional outcomes and to promote overall well-being.
Hearing loss has several consequences that can affect individuals' lives, particularly in terms of social and psychological/emotional development. One of the most frequent consequences is social isolation, which results from the communication difficulties faced by individuals with hearing impairment in various everyday situations, significantly impacting their overall well-being. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between social isolation and hearing loss through a systematic literature review. The databases WOS and PsycInfo were used for the literature search. Studies that investigated the association between social isolation and hearing loss were included, while those focusing on unrelated topics or on psychiatric disorders such as dementia or schizophrenia were excluded. Out of 173 articles initially identified, 14 were selected for the final review. The results indicate a clear association between social is olation, reduced social participation, and a diminished support network. Moreover, advancing age appears to increase the risk of social isolation among individuals with more severe hearing loss, while the use of interventions such as hearing aids was associated with improvements. Additionally, individuals experiencing social isolation may develop emotional consequences, including depression. In conclusion, preventing social isolation among individuals with hearing loss is essential to avoid negative socio-emotional outcomes and to promote overall well-being.
Direction
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Tutorships)
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Tutorships)
Court
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Student’s tutor)
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Student’s tutor)
Risk and protective factors for the development of posttraumatic growth in people who have ost a loved one to suicide: a systematic review
Authorship
M.R.O.
Psychology
M.R.O.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Suicide entails significant psychological and social consequences for close individuals, who present a high risk of developing complicated grief, as well as other adaptive difficulties, partly due to the associated stigma. These circumstances may hinder the return to everyday life. The objective of this review was to identify risk and protective factors for the development of posttraumatic growth (PTG or CPT in spanish) in people who have lost a loved one to suicide. A systematic review was conducted in PsycINFO, SCOPUS, and Medline. Quantitative studies were included that analyzed factors related to PTG, evaluated posttraumatic growth as a primary or secondary variable, included individuals affected by suicide loss, used standardized instruments, and were published in English or Spanish with full text available. A total of 13 studies were selected: seven addressed interpersonal factors, four analyzed intrapersonal variables, and two evaluated concomitant factors. The findings indicated that variables such as perceived social support, self-disclosure, and self-forgiveness were positively associated with PTG, whereas thwarted belongingness and perceived social stigma were negatively associated. It is concluded that multiple factors influence PTG following a suicide loss, although further longitudinal and cross-cultural research is needed on PTG, with diverse samples and standardized measures, in order to deepen the understanding of adaptation and recovery processes in this population.
Suicide entails significant psychological and social consequences for close individuals, who present a high risk of developing complicated grief, as well as other adaptive difficulties, partly due to the associated stigma. These circumstances may hinder the return to everyday life. The objective of this review was to identify risk and protective factors for the development of posttraumatic growth (PTG or CPT in spanish) in people who have lost a loved one to suicide. A systematic review was conducted in PsycINFO, SCOPUS, and Medline. Quantitative studies were included that analyzed factors related to PTG, evaluated posttraumatic growth as a primary or secondary variable, included individuals affected by suicide loss, used standardized instruments, and were published in English or Spanish with full text available. A total of 13 studies were selected: seven addressed interpersonal factors, four analyzed intrapersonal variables, and two evaluated concomitant factors. The findings indicated that variables such as perceived social support, self-disclosure, and self-forgiveness were positively associated with PTG, whereas thwarted belongingness and perceived social stigma were negatively associated. It is concluded that multiple factors influence PTG following a suicide loss, although further longitudinal and cross-cultural research is needed on PTG, with diverse samples and standardized measures, in order to deepen the understanding of adaptation and recovery processes in this population.
Direction
VAZQUEZ GONZALEZ, FERNANDO LINO (Tutorships)
COTARDO VALCARCEL, TANIA (Co-tutorships)
VAZQUEZ GONZALEZ, FERNANDO LINO (Tutorships)
COTARDO VALCARCEL, TANIA (Co-tutorships)
Court
López Durán, Ana (Chairman)
ALCARAZ GARCIA, MIGUEL ANGEL (Secretary)
Carrillo De la Peña, María Teresa (Member)
López Durán, Ana (Chairman)
ALCARAZ GARCIA, MIGUEL ANGEL (Secretary)
Carrillo De la Peña, María Teresa (Member)
Generative AI: The Fear of Missing Out (FoMO)
Authorship
M.R.B.
Psychology
M.R.B.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 09:30
07.07.2025 09:30
Summary
The research carried out will test the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as the main theoretical framework. However, this model will be adapted to Generative Artificial Intelligence with the aim of analyzing the factors that influence the intention to use artificial intelligence, more specifically, ChatGPT, by university students. In addition to the variables that make up the model (perceived usefulness, ease of use, attitude toward use, and intention to use), the relationship between the use of Artificial Intelligence, perceived anxiety, and perceived risk will also be studied, as well as the possible relationship that may exist with FoMO (Fear of Missing Out), that is, the fear of missing something. This study focuses on the relationship between these variables, studying how emotional and social aspects may influence the acceptance of a technology. In order to carry out this research, a pilot study was designed with a sample of participants consisting of 115 individuals, 14 men and 101 women between 18 and 22 years old, all of them first-year students of the Psychology Degree at the University of Santiago de Compostela, who were administered the structured questionnaire with the different scales used. The research method used includes descriptive statistical analyses, reliability analysis using Cronbach’s alpha, bivariate correlation analyses, multiple linear regressions, and a non- parametric Mann-Whitney U test. The main results showed that perceived usefulness, positive attitude, and FoMO significantly predict the intention to use ChatGPT, while anxiety and perceived risk have a negative but less significant influence. This research provides a deeper understanding of the adoption of new technologies from an integrative perspective.
The research carried out will test the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as the main theoretical framework. However, this model will be adapted to Generative Artificial Intelligence with the aim of analyzing the factors that influence the intention to use artificial intelligence, more specifically, ChatGPT, by university students. In addition to the variables that make up the model (perceived usefulness, ease of use, attitude toward use, and intention to use), the relationship between the use of Artificial Intelligence, perceived anxiety, and perceived risk will also be studied, as well as the possible relationship that may exist with FoMO (Fear of Missing Out), that is, the fear of missing something. This study focuses on the relationship between these variables, studying how emotional and social aspects may influence the acceptance of a technology. In order to carry out this research, a pilot study was designed with a sample of participants consisting of 115 individuals, 14 men and 101 women between 18 and 22 years old, all of them first-year students of the Psychology Degree at the University of Santiago de Compostela, who were administered the structured questionnaire with the different scales used. The research method used includes descriptive statistical analyses, reliability analysis using Cronbach’s alpha, bivariate correlation analyses, multiple linear regressions, and a non- parametric Mann-Whitney U test. The main results showed that perceived usefulness, positive attitude, and FoMO significantly predict the intention to use ChatGPT, while anxiety and perceived risk have a negative but less significant influence. This research provides a deeper understanding of the adoption of new technologies from an integrative perspective.
Direction
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Tutorships)
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Tutorships)
Court
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Student’s tutor)
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Student’s tutor)
Effect of HD-tACS Stimulation with Combined Theta-Gamma Frequencies on Working Memory: A Pilot Study
Authorship
M.R.B.
Psychology
M.R.B.
Psychology
Defense date
02.13.2025 12:30
02.13.2025 12:30
Summary
Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique that modulates cognitive processes by altering brain oscillatory rhythms. Previous studies have demonstrated its efficacy in working memory (WM) using theta (4-8 Hz) and gamma (30-80 Hz) stimulation frequencies. However, there is still very little evidence regarding the use of the combined theta-gamma wave frequency, especially in healthy aging populations or within the continuum of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, the aim of this pilot study is to determine whether high-density tACS (HD-tACS) with combined theta-gamma frequencies (6 Hz and 50 Hz), applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), improves performance in a WM task in a sample of 16 individuals diagnosed with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) or Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD). To test this, a single-blind, randomized, within-subject pilot study was conducted, in which 16 participants (11 men and 5 women) aged 57-83 years were evaluated up to three times on a visuospatial working memory task (match to sample). Between evaluation sessions, participants received either HD-tACS stimulation or a placebo. Behavioral data from the variables D prime, RT (Reaction Time)-Hits, RT-False Alarms, and RT-Correct Rejections were subjected to a 2x2 analysis of variance (ANOVA), with one main factor being Session (two levels: pre-intervention evaluation and post-intervention evaluation) and the other main factor being Treatment (two levels: real stimulation and placebo stimulation). The results showed only a marginally significant effect for the D prime variable in the main factor Session, meaning there were differences between pre- and post-stimulation sessions but not in relation to the type of stimulation received. No significant differences were found in the remaining variables. These findings do not support the initial hypothesis that combined theta-gamma HD-tACS improves WM performance compared to the placebo condition.
Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique that modulates cognitive processes by altering brain oscillatory rhythms. Previous studies have demonstrated its efficacy in working memory (WM) using theta (4-8 Hz) and gamma (30-80 Hz) stimulation frequencies. However, there is still very little evidence regarding the use of the combined theta-gamma wave frequency, especially in healthy aging populations or within the continuum of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, the aim of this pilot study is to determine whether high-density tACS (HD-tACS) with combined theta-gamma frequencies (6 Hz and 50 Hz), applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), improves performance in a WM task in a sample of 16 individuals diagnosed with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) or Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD). To test this, a single-blind, randomized, within-subject pilot study was conducted, in which 16 participants (11 men and 5 women) aged 57-83 years were evaluated up to three times on a visuospatial working memory task (match to sample). Between evaluation sessions, participants received either HD-tACS stimulation or a placebo. Behavioral data from the variables D prime, RT (Reaction Time)-Hits, RT-False Alarms, and RT-Correct Rejections were subjected to a 2x2 analysis of variance (ANOVA), with one main factor being Session (two levels: pre-intervention evaluation and post-intervention evaluation) and the other main factor being Treatment (two levels: real stimulation and placebo stimulation). The results showed only a marginally significant effect for the D prime variable in the main factor Session, meaning there were differences between pre- and post-stimulation sessions but not in relation to the type of stimulation received. No significant differences were found in the remaining variables. These findings do not support the initial hypothesis that combined theta-gamma HD-tACS improves WM performance compared to the placebo condition.
Direction
Díaz Fernández, Fernando (Tutorships)
CORREA JARABA, KENIA SHAILY (Co-tutorships)
Díaz Fernández, Fernando (Tutorships)
CORREA JARABA, KENIA SHAILY (Co-tutorships)
Court
CORREA JARABA, KENIA SHAILY (Student’s tutor)
Díaz Fernández, Fernando (Student’s tutor)
CORREA JARABA, KENIA SHAILY (Student’s tutor)
Díaz Fernández, Fernando (Student’s tutor)
The effectiveness of universal prevention in antisocial behavior
Authorship
P.R.D.
Psychology
P.R.D.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Antisocial behavior poses a significant challenge to society, manifesting in actions that violate norms and rights, such as aggression, theft, and vandalism. Given its high prevalence in adolescence and its negative consequences for society and the individual development of minors, early prevention is an essential strategy during this vulnerable stage. In this context, universal prevention programs implemented in school settings and based on teaching social and life skills are particularly useful, intervening before problems become entrenched. However, the effectiveness of these interventions must be rigorously evaluated to ensure resources are directed towards evidence-based interventions. The objective of this Degree Final Proyect is to analyze the efficacy of these preventive programs for antisocial behavior in child and adolescent populations. To achieve this, a literature search was conducted, selecting 10 studies that evaluate the impact of such interventions. Their methodological characteristics, program components, and the observed effects on behaviors and skills associated with antisocial conduct were analyzed. The results of this review revealed clear improvements in problematic behavior but inconsistent benefits in social skills for children under 12. There's a notable lack of long-term effects and limited efficacy against bullying or criminal violence, despite positively modifying attitudes and resistance skills to peer influence. Children with higher initial behavioral risk benefited more from the intervention. Program effectiveness increases with longer duration, multicomponent approaches, fidelity in implementation and adaptation to each developmental stage. These findings highlight the need for continued research to optimize preventive interventions.
Antisocial behavior poses a significant challenge to society, manifesting in actions that violate norms and rights, such as aggression, theft, and vandalism. Given its high prevalence in adolescence and its negative consequences for society and the individual development of minors, early prevention is an essential strategy during this vulnerable stage. In this context, universal prevention programs implemented in school settings and based on teaching social and life skills are particularly useful, intervening before problems become entrenched. However, the effectiveness of these interventions must be rigorously evaluated to ensure resources are directed towards evidence-based interventions. The objective of this Degree Final Proyect is to analyze the efficacy of these preventive programs for antisocial behavior in child and adolescent populations. To achieve this, a literature search was conducted, selecting 10 studies that evaluate the impact of such interventions. Their methodological characteristics, program components, and the observed effects on behaviors and skills associated with antisocial conduct were analyzed. The results of this review revealed clear improvements in problematic behavior but inconsistent benefits in social skills for children under 12. There's a notable lack of long-term effects and limited efficacy against bullying or criminal violence, despite positively modifying attitudes and resistance skills to peer influence. Children with higher initial behavioral risk benefited more from the intervention. Program effectiveness increases with longer duration, multicomponent approaches, fidelity in implementation and adaptation to each developmental stage. These findings highlight the need for continued research to optimize preventive interventions.
Direction
CUTRIN MOSTEIRO, OLALLA (Tutorships)
CUTRIN MOSTEIRO, OLALLA (Tutorships)
Court
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Chairman)
Cadaveira Mahía, Fernando (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Chairman)
Cadaveira Mahía, Fernando (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
This is Not a Game: Effects of Gamification on Job Performance
Authorship
A.G.R.G.
Psychology
A.G.R.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:30
07.16.2025 10:30
Summary
In the last decade, technology advancements have given way to the rise of a new discipline: Gamification, the use of game design elements in non-game contexts, mainly with the purpose of promoting motivation. Its implementation in educational, formative and even fitness contexts has gained a substantial amount of popularity and academic attention, which have favoured their development. Workplace related applications of gamification haven’t been investigated with the same depth, and consequently, the specific effects of a gamified redesign of job-related tasks remain unkown. This TFG tries to uncover these effects by conducting a systematic revision of the available literature on the subject, aiming specifically at the effects that gamified interventions on the workplace have on the performance of the employees. Performance-associated variables, with empirical and theoretical backing, are also considered, such as engagement, job satisfaction or motivation. Upon synthetizing 22 empirical investigations in which job design had been gamified, overall positive effects on performance and engagement were found. Nonetheless, the results are found to be interdependent and inseparable of the external and contextual variables that surround a gamified intervention. Positive results promote discussion on the implications they have for the future of the field, just as much as negative results promote discussion on their possible explanations and solutions, with those mainly being attributed to intrinsic job characteristics.
In the last decade, technology advancements have given way to the rise of a new discipline: Gamification, the use of game design elements in non-game contexts, mainly with the purpose of promoting motivation. Its implementation in educational, formative and even fitness contexts has gained a substantial amount of popularity and academic attention, which have favoured their development. Workplace related applications of gamification haven’t been investigated with the same depth, and consequently, the specific effects of a gamified redesign of job-related tasks remain unkown. This TFG tries to uncover these effects by conducting a systematic revision of the available literature on the subject, aiming specifically at the effects that gamified interventions on the workplace have on the performance of the employees. Performance-associated variables, with empirical and theoretical backing, are also considered, such as engagement, job satisfaction or motivation. Upon synthetizing 22 empirical investigations in which job design had been gamified, overall positive effects on performance and engagement were found. Nonetheless, the results are found to be interdependent and inseparable of the external and contextual variables that surround a gamified intervention. Positive results promote discussion on the implications they have for the future of the field, just as much as negative results promote discussion on their possible explanations and solutions, with those mainly being attributed to intrinsic job characteristics.
Direction
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Tutorships)
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Tutorships)
Court
Dono Martín, Marcos (Chairman)
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Secretary)
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Member)
Dono Martín, Marcos (Chairman)
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Secretary)
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Member)
FoMO (Fear of Missing Out) and its relationship with states of psychological distress and psychosocial variables
Authorship
M.R.G.
Psychology
M.R.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 12:30
07.14.2025 12:30
Summary
FoMo is a recent phenomenon, linked to the use of social networks and characterized by the fear that a subject experiences of missing something, fear or discomfort that he perceives as the feeling that others are having more rewarding experiences or doing, owning or learn things that the person who feels it cannot. FoMO is linked to the problematic use of social networks (from now on PSU) and has a broad relationship with different types of problemas de saúde mental, such as anxiety and depression, to mental states or cognitive distortions such as boredom, impulsivity or maximization; with perceptions such as self-esteem or with social and relational aspects such as the feeling of belonging to the group, fear of exclusion or anxious attachment. The complexity of studying FoMO has to do with a predisposition of some people to suffer from it, but also with environmental situations, stages of life, social and cultural elements. In this paper, a series of studies from the Ref Work database are reviewed in which relationships or mediations are established between FoMO and elements specific to or associated with mental health. For this, a series of screenings was carried out from 59 articles on the FoMO. After three screenings, 8 articles were finally selected. Of these eight articles, six of them study FoMo and factors associated with mental health, another is presented as a small monograph where, based on a bibliographic review, the relationship between FoMO and health in the broadest sense, according to the WHO definition, is discussed. Which include psychological, physical and social aspects. The remaining article reports a FoMO therapy experience from a cognitive behavioral perspective and a mindfulness technique component, based on social savoring. The main conclusion that can be intuited from this analysis is that there are clear relationships between FoMO and some mental problems, especially depression and anxiety, but this relationship is always mediated by multiple factors, and in many cases the results are not conclusive because some were not taken into account variables that matter more than expected. It also follows that there is a profile that predisposes to FoMO and that works that take this predisposition into account give results compatible with those expected. Finally, it is clear that the relationship between FoMO and mental health is a subject to be studied. Purchase to carry out more work that includes unstudied elements related to educational, cultural and social aspects and carry out therapeutic treatment experiences with a comprehensive approach.
FoMo is a recent phenomenon, linked to the use of social networks and characterized by the fear that a subject experiences of missing something, fear or discomfort that he perceives as the feeling that others are having more rewarding experiences or doing, owning or learn things that the person who feels it cannot. FoMO is linked to the problematic use of social networks (from now on PSU) and has a broad relationship with different types of problemas de saúde mental, such as anxiety and depression, to mental states or cognitive distortions such as boredom, impulsivity or maximization; with perceptions such as self-esteem or with social and relational aspects such as the feeling of belonging to the group, fear of exclusion or anxious attachment. The complexity of studying FoMO has to do with a predisposition of some people to suffer from it, but also with environmental situations, stages of life, social and cultural elements. In this paper, a series of studies from the Ref Work database are reviewed in which relationships or mediations are established between FoMO and elements specific to or associated with mental health. For this, a series of screenings was carried out from 59 articles on the FoMO. After three screenings, 8 articles were finally selected. Of these eight articles, six of them study FoMo and factors associated with mental health, another is presented as a small monograph where, based on a bibliographic review, the relationship between FoMO and health in the broadest sense, according to the WHO definition, is discussed. Which include psychological, physical and social aspects. The remaining article reports a FoMO therapy experience from a cognitive behavioral perspective and a mindfulness technique component, based on social savoring. The main conclusion that can be intuited from this analysis is that there are clear relationships between FoMO and some mental problems, especially depression and anxiety, but this relationship is always mediated by multiple factors, and in many cases the results are not conclusive because some were not taken into account variables that matter more than expected. It also follows that there is a profile that predisposes to FoMO and that works that take this predisposition into account give results compatible with those expected. Finally, it is clear that the relationship between FoMO and mental health is a subject to be studied. Purchase to carry out more work that includes unstudied elements related to educational, cultural and social aspects and carry out therapeutic treatment experiences with a comprehensive approach.
Direction
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Tutorships)
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Tutorships)
Court
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Student’s tutor)
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Student’s tutor)
Influence of emotional regulation on alcohol consumption in university students
Authorship
P.R.L.
Psychology
P.R.L.
Psychology
Defense date
02.13.2025 13:00
02.13.2025 13:00
Summary
Low tolerance to distress may be associated with poor emotional regulation and contribute to motivations for drinking as a way to cope with problems. Numerous studies in the literature have found that difficulties in emotional regulation are positively related to increased alcohol consumption. The aim of this study is to examine this relationship, taking into account the different dimensions of the Emotional Regulation Difficulties Scale (DERS) and gender differences, in a sample of 185 students from the University of Santiago de Compostela, aged between 19 and 21. To this end, participants completed the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). The results show that deficits in emotional regulation are significantly associated with heavy alcohol consumption, particularly in the dimensions of Goals, Clarity, Strategies, and Impulse. Specifically, Goals and Clarity are the dimensions that best predict AUDIT scores, accounting for 11.6% of the variance. However, no significant data were found regarding gender differences. The findings of this study highlight the importance of developing interventions that incorporate emotional skill-building as a key strategy for preventing and addressing excessive alcohol consumption.
Low tolerance to distress may be associated with poor emotional regulation and contribute to motivations for drinking as a way to cope with problems. Numerous studies in the literature have found that difficulties in emotional regulation are positively related to increased alcohol consumption. The aim of this study is to examine this relationship, taking into account the different dimensions of the Emotional Regulation Difficulties Scale (DERS) and gender differences, in a sample of 185 students from the University of Santiago de Compostela, aged between 19 and 21. To this end, participants completed the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). The results show that deficits in emotional regulation are significantly associated with heavy alcohol consumption, particularly in the dimensions of Goals, Clarity, Strategies, and Impulse. Specifically, Goals and Clarity are the dimensions that best predict AUDIT scores, accounting for 11.6% of the variance. However, no significant data were found regarding gender differences. The findings of this study highlight the importance of developing interventions that incorporate emotional skill-building as a key strategy for preventing and addressing excessive alcohol consumption.
Direction
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Tutorships)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Tutorships)
Court
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Student’s tutor)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Student’s tutor)
Impact of non-environmental influencers on promoting pro-environmental behaviors in galician youth.
Authorship
C.S.R.P.
Psychology
C.S.R.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 11:00
07.16.2025 11:00
Summary
Climate change and the current environmental crisis demand the promotion of more sustainable consumption habits, such as reducing the utilization of single-use plastics. In this context, social media platforms are a key tool to encourage pro-environmental behaviors, especially among younger populations. This study analyzes the effect of different communicative strategies in Instagram posts published by non-environmental influencers. The aim is to assess whether perceived authenticity and expert opinion, as well as the presence of dynamic social norms, influence message credibility, persuasiveness, and the intention to engage in pro-environmental behaviour. To this end, an online experiment with a 2x2 between-subjects design was conducted, involving 272 young people from Galicia (Spain). Each participant viewed a single fictitious post that combined the experimental conditions and then completed a questionnaire assessing the dependent variables. Results showed no significant effects of authenticity or expert opinion alone. However, the presence of dynamic norms increased the intention to adopt sustainable behaviors, particularly when combined with authenticity. This study offers relevant insights for the design of effective environmental messages through non-specialized influencers and contributes to the broader goal of engaging citizens in sustainable consumption changes to reduce the environmental impact of plastic in the current climate emergency context.
Climate change and the current environmental crisis demand the promotion of more sustainable consumption habits, such as reducing the utilization of single-use plastics. In this context, social media platforms are a key tool to encourage pro-environmental behaviors, especially among younger populations. This study analyzes the effect of different communicative strategies in Instagram posts published by non-environmental influencers. The aim is to assess whether perceived authenticity and expert opinion, as well as the presence of dynamic social norms, influence message credibility, persuasiveness, and the intention to engage in pro-environmental behaviour. To this end, an online experiment with a 2x2 between-subjects design was conducted, involving 272 young people from Galicia (Spain). Each participant viewed a single fictitious post that combined the experimental conditions and then completed a questionnaire assessing the dependent variables. Results showed no significant effects of authenticity or expert opinion alone. However, the presence of dynamic norms increased the intention to adopt sustainable behaviors, particularly when combined with authenticity. This study offers relevant insights for the design of effective environmental messages through non-specialized influencers and contributes to the broader goal of engaging citizens in sustainable consumption changes to reduce the environmental impact of plastic in the current climate emergency context.
Direction
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Tutorships)
VILA TOJO, SERGIO (Co-tutorships)
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Tutorships)
VILA TOJO, SERGIO (Co-tutorships)
Court
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Student’s tutor)
VILA TOJO, SERGIO (Student’s tutor)
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Student’s tutor)
VILA TOJO, SERGIO (Student’s tutor)
The relationship between Borderline Personality Disorder and emotional instability: a systematic review.
Authorship
P.R.V.
Psychology
P.R.V.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a severe psychopathological condition, prevalent and characterized by high comorbidity. Among the factors that most contribute to its diagnostic and therapeutic complexity is emotional instability, which is considered a core feature of the disorder. In this context, the present work conducts a systematic review on the relationship between BPD and emotional instability, examining the latter’s role as an explanatory mechanism, mediator and central feature within the clinical profile. The literature search was conducted in two scientific databases, Scopus and ProQuest, following the PRISMA 2020 Model guidelines. Sixteen empirical studies published between 2013 and 2024 that specifically addressed the relationship between BPD and emotional instability were included. The results show that emotional instability not only constitutes an observable clinical trait but also plays a structural role in the psychopathology of BPD. It acts as a cross-cutting axis that influences the emergence, maintenance and intensification of symptoms such as impulsivity, aggressiveness, self-injury or interpersonal instability. The identification of distinct subtypes of BPD based on patterns of emotional dysregulation reinforces the notion of its clinical heterogeneity. These findings raise the need to consider instability not just as another symptom, but as one of the priority targets for the assessment and design of more effective and personalized therapeutic interventions.
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a severe psychopathological condition, prevalent and characterized by high comorbidity. Among the factors that most contribute to its diagnostic and therapeutic complexity is emotional instability, which is considered a core feature of the disorder. In this context, the present work conducts a systematic review on the relationship between BPD and emotional instability, examining the latter’s role as an explanatory mechanism, mediator and central feature within the clinical profile. The literature search was conducted in two scientific databases, Scopus and ProQuest, following the PRISMA 2020 Model guidelines. Sixteen empirical studies published between 2013 and 2024 that specifically addressed the relationship between BPD and emotional instability were included. The results show that emotional instability not only constitutes an observable clinical trait but also plays a structural role in the psychopathology of BPD. It acts as a cross-cutting axis that influences the emergence, maintenance and intensification of symptoms such as impulsivity, aggressiveness, self-injury or interpersonal instability. The identification of distinct subtypes of BPD based on patterns of emotional dysregulation reinforces the notion of its clinical heterogeneity. These findings raise the need to consider instability not just as another symptom, but as one of the priority targets for the assessment and design of more effective and personalized therapeutic interventions.
Direction
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Tutorships)
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Tutorships)
Court
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Chairman)
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Secretary)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Member)
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Chairman)
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Secretary)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Member)
Parenting Styles and Self-Esteem in Adolescence
Authorship
P.R.F.
Psychology
P.R.F.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
The development of self-esteem during adolescence is a key factor for the emotional and social well-being of young people, and it is closely influenced by the parenting styles adopted by parents. Various studies have shown how different parenting styles significantly impact the formation and maintenance of self-esteem during this critical period of development. The aim of this work was to review the existing scientific literature on the relationship between parenting styles and adolescent self-esteem, in order to identify the styles that foster healthy psychological development. To this end, a systematic search was conducted in the PsychInfo and Web of Science databases. Twenty articles published between 2010 and 2025 were included. The review showed that the authoritative style is associated with higher self-esteem and better psychological adjustment. However, it was also observed that in certain cultural contexts, such as in Mediterranean or Latin American countries, an indulgent style based on warmth without strict control may be even more beneficial for the development of self-esteem. The studies, mostly cross-sectional and based on adolescent self-reports, highlight the need for longitudinal studies that also include perspectives from parents and other contextual variables, such as gender and culture, for a more complete understanding of this phenomenon. Better understanding of how parenting styles influence adolescent self-esteem will help develop more effective intervention strategies to promote the emotional well-being of young people.
The development of self-esteem during adolescence is a key factor for the emotional and social well-being of young people, and it is closely influenced by the parenting styles adopted by parents. Various studies have shown how different parenting styles significantly impact the formation and maintenance of self-esteem during this critical period of development. The aim of this work was to review the existing scientific literature on the relationship between parenting styles and adolescent self-esteem, in order to identify the styles that foster healthy psychological development. To this end, a systematic search was conducted in the PsychInfo and Web of Science databases. Twenty articles published between 2010 and 2025 were included. The review showed that the authoritative style is associated with higher self-esteem and better psychological adjustment. However, it was also observed that in certain cultural contexts, such as in Mediterranean or Latin American countries, an indulgent style based on warmth without strict control may be even more beneficial for the development of self-esteem. The studies, mostly cross-sectional and based on adolescent self-reports, highlight the need for longitudinal studies that also include perspectives from parents and other contextual variables, such as gender and culture, for a more complete understanding of this phenomenon. Better understanding of how parenting styles influence adolescent self-esteem will help develop more effective intervention strategies to promote the emotional well-being of young people.
Direction
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Tutorships)
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Tutorships)
Court
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Student’s tutor)
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Student’s tutor)
Analysis of the relevance of cognitive biases, personality, and individual factors in the credibility and dissemination of fake news.
Authorship
P.S.P.
Psychology
P.S.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
The aim of this assignment is to be able to comprehend why does it look like fake news are spread more quickly and the reach further than true information, as well as to analyze mental processes that make us more likely to believe them. We will try to answer why do fake news exist, what happens at a cognitive level when users are in front of them, as well as if personal characteristics that make us more or less able to tell apart falsehood from true really exist. First, we will begin giving some definitions os the concept of fake news to understand what are we talking about, also, we will give a small review to it’s history highlighting three key moments where they suffered a zenith. As well as a small preview of the issues that will be analyzed in more depth throughout the assignment. Next, the method, with the corresponding inclusion and exclusion criteria, as the PRISMA model demands. Afterwards, the most relevant results found in the articles included will finally be presented, both those that confirm the initial research hypothesis and those that continue to raise doubts about the possible influence of the personal factors on the credibility of fake news. Therefore, in the discusion we will try to summarize the overlapping results, relating them to the initial hypothesis, contrasting those that showed more disparate results. Finally, the conclusions will briefly present the most contrasted results, as well as the limitations found in the articles included in those less studied aspects.
The aim of this assignment is to be able to comprehend why does it look like fake news are spread more quickly and the reach further than true information, as well as to analyze mental processes that make us more likely to believe them. We will try to answer why do fake news exist, what happens at a cognitive level when users are in front of them, as well as if personal characteristics that make us more or less able to tell apart falsehood from true really exist. First, we will begin giving some definitions os the concept of fake news to understand what are we talking about, also, we will give a small review to it’s history highlighting three key moments where they suffered a zenith. As well as a small preview of the issues that will be analyzed in more depth throughout the assignment. Next, the method, with the corresponding inclusion and exclusion criteria, as the PRISMA model demands. Afterwards, the most relevant results found in the articles included will finally be presented, both those that confirm the initial research hypothesis and those that continue to raise doubts about the possible influence of the personal factors on the credibility of fake news. Therefore, in the discusion we will try to summarize the overlapping results, relating them to the initial hypothesis, contrasting those that showed more disparate results. Finally, the conclusions will briefly present the most contrasted results, as well as the limitations found in the articles included in those less studied aspects.
Direction
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Tutorships)
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Tutorships)
Court
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Student’s tutor)
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Student’s tutor)
Psychological-Forensic Assessment of Malingered Psychopathology with the MMPI-2-RF in Cases of Criminal inimputability
Authorship
M.S.T.
Psychology
M.S.T.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
For the assesment of criminal responsability within the Spanish legal system, the defendant´s cognition and volition at the time of the offense are the primary factors considered. The absence or impairment of either of theese may result in legal benefits for the defendant regarding sentencing. Consequently, the simulation of psychopathological symptoms is a common practice that must be carefully evaluated in jucidial cases. The MMPI-2-RF is a psychometric test used in clinical assessment that records psychopathological symptoms and analyzes malingering. The main objective of the present study was to assess the usefulness of the MMPI-2-RF as a tool for forensic psychological evaluation of criminal responsibility. To this end, 40 participants without severe mental disorders or criminal records completed the MMPI-2-RF under two conditions: a) Simulation: participants were instructed to respond as if they were simulating a severe mental disorder in order to justify a declaration of non-responsability in a trial; and b) Honesty: participants were asked to respond truthfully. Therefore, a classic simulation design was used. The results showed that individuals from the general population are capable of simulating symptoms corresponding to severe mental disorders, specifically psychotic disorders, which could support a declaration of non-responsibility. On the other hand, the validity scales of the instrument demonstrated good sensivity in detecting simulated cases, specifically the F-r and RBS scales, which detected 85% and 72.5% of simulators respectively. However, no single scale, nor any combination of scales, was fully effective in identifying all cases within the simulation condition. Thus, the assessment of criminal responsibility requires a multimethod protocol that ensures a reliable differential diagnosis of malingering.
For the assesment of criminal responsability within the Spanish legal system, the defendant´s cognition and volition at the time of the offense are the primary factors considered. The absence or impairment of either of theese may result in legal benefits for the defendant regarding sentencing. Consequently, the simulation of psychopathological symptoms is a common practice that must be carefully evaluated in jucidial cases. The MMPI-2-RF is a psychometric test used in clinical assessment that records psychopathological symptoms and analyzes malingering. The main objective of the present study was to assess the usefulness of the MMPI-2-RF as a tool for forensic psychological evaluation of criminal responsibility. To this end, 40 participants without severe mental disorders or criminal records completed the MMPI-2-RF under two conditions: a) Simulation: participants were instructed to respond as if they were simulating a severe mental disorder in order to justify a declaration of non-responsability in a trial; and b) Honesty: participants were asked to respond truthfully. Therefore, a classic simulation design was used. The results showed that individuals from the general population are capable of simulating symptoms corresponding to severe mental disorders, specifically psychotic disorders, which could support a declaration of non-responsibility. On the other hand, the validity scales of the instrument demonstrated good sensivity in detecting simulated cases, specifically the F-r and RBS scales, which detected 85% and 72.5% of simulators respectively. However, no single scale, nor any combination of scales, was fully effective in identifying all cases within the simulation condition. Thus, the assessment of criminal responsibility requires a multimethod protocol that ensures a reliable differential diagnosis of malingering.
Direction
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Tutorships)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Tutorships)
Court
MERINO MADRID, HIPOLITO (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Leirós Lobeiras, Luz Isabel (Member)
MERINO MADRID, HIPOLITO (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Leirós Lobeiras, Luz Isabel (Member)
Evoked potentials in motor imagery
Authorship
U.S.P.
Psychology
U.S.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 09:30
07.16.2025 09:30
Summary
Introduction: motor imagery (MI), the mental representation of a movement without physical action, is a tool of great interest in recent decades due to its application and good results in important areas such as sport and clinical practice. To better understand the process and its brain correlates, among the most widely used techniques is encephalography (EEG), especially, due to its advantages, through the analysis of evoked potentials (ERP), variations in EEG voltage due to sensory, motor or cognitive processes. Objective: to analyse, through a review of studies using evoked potentials, the main brain correlates linked to motor imagination, to identify the variables that mediate brain activity, and to be able to assess the possibilities of applying this process. Method: systematic search in the databases Web of Science, Scopus and manual search, following the recommendations of the PRISMA model, by implementing inclusion and exclusion criteria to obtain the most accurate search possible. Results: The 12 papers show the appearance of ERP components such as N1, P1, N2, P3 or LRP, and that in several of them no differences in amplitude and/or latency of the manifest and imagined movement execution conditions are observed. Conclusions: it is confirmed that motor imagery is an efficient resource to generate brain activity by itself and has promising utility in various fields such as sports, clinical practice or certain technologies, such as Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI).
Introduction: motor imagery (MI), the mental representation of a movement without physical action, is a tool of great interest in recent decades due to its application and good results in important areas such as sport and clinical practice. To better understand the process and its brain correlates, among the most widely used techniques is encephalography (EEG), especially, due to its advantages, through the analysis of evoked potentials (ERP), variations in EEG voltage due to sensory, motor or cognitive processes. Objective: to analyse, through a review of studies using evoked potentials, the main brain correlates linked to motor imagination, to identify the variables that mediate brain activity, and to be able to assess the possibilities of applying this process. Method: systematic search in the databases Web of Science, Scopus and manual search, following the recommendations of the PRISMA model, by implementing inclusion and exclusion criteria to obtain the most accurate search possible. Results: The 12 papers show the appearance of ERP components such as N1, P1, N2, P3 or LRP, and that in several of them no differences in amplitude and/or latency of the manifest and imagined movement execution conditions are observed. Conclusions: it is confirmed that motor imagery is an efficient resource to generate brain activity by itself and has promising utility in various fields such as sports, clinical practice or certain technologies, such as Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI).
Direction
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Tutorships)
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Tutorships)
Court
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Student’s tutor)
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Student’s tutor)
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and alcohol use in women
Authorship
L.S.B.
Psychology
L.S.B.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental disorder characterized by the presence of intrusion symptoms, avoidance, negative alterations in cognition and mood, and hyperarousal following exposure to a traumatic event. Its prevalence, duration, and severity are generally higher in women, and it is frequently associated with problematic alcohol use, which has recently increased significantly among women. The main objective of this paper is to conduct a literature review focused on the relationship between PTSD and alcohol consumption in women, considering the directionality of this relationship and its characteristics in this population. To this end, a literature review of recent publications was carried out using the PsycInfo and PubMed databases, from which 14 articles published between 2020 and 2024 were selected. The results showed that the most studied relationship in women is the one in which PTSD precedes alcohol use, with the substance being used as a coping strategy. Bidirectional relationships were also found, with the most common pattern in women being that PTSD increases the risk of alcohol consumption. Emotional dysregulation emerged as a key psychological mechanism in this relationship. In terms of the quantity and types of trauma, sexual assault, intimate partner violence, and the experience of multiple traumas stood out as factors contributing to the worsening of PTSD and alcohol use in women.
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental disorder characterized by the presence of intrusion symptoms, avoidance, negative alterations in cognition and mood, and hyperarousal following exposure to a traumatic event. Its prevalence, duration, and severity are generally higher in women, and it is frequently associated with problematic alcohol use, which has recently increased significantly among women. The main objective of this paper is to conduct a literature review focused on the relationship between PTSD and alcohol consumption in women, considering the directionality of this relationship and its characteristics in this population. To this end, a literature review of recent publications was carried out using the PsycInfo and PubMed databases, from which 14 articles published between 2020 and 2024 were selected. The results showed that the most studied relationship in women is the one in which PTSD precedes alcohol use, with the substance being used as a coping strategy. Bidirectional relationships were also found, with the most common pattern in women being that PTSD increases the risk of alcohol consumption. Emotional dysregulation emerged as a key psychological mechanism in this relationship. In terms of the quantity and types of trauma, sexual assault, intimate partner violence, and the experience of multiple traumas stood out as factors contributing to the worsening of PTSD and alcohol use in women.
Direction
López Durán, Ana (Tutorships)
López Durán, Ana (Tutorships)
Court
BECOÑA IGLESIAS, ELISARDO (Chairman)
REDONDO LAGO, JAIME MAURO (Secretary)
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Member)
BECOÑA IGLESIAS, ELISARDO (Chairman)
REDONDO LAGO, JAIME MAURO (Secretary)
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Member)
Relationship between Self-Esteem and Disordered Eating Symptoms in Adolescent Population, A Literature Review
Authorship
F.S.F.
Psychology
F.S.F.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:30
07.16.2025 10:30
Summary
This study aims to analyze the relationship between self-esteem and disordered eating symptoms in adolescents, based on a systematic review of recent studies. To this end, twelve investigations published between 2020 and 2024 were selected, all of which assess this association in adolescent populations. The reviewed studies consistently report a negative association between self-esteem and disordered eating symptoms - that is, the lower the self-esteem, the more frequent the presence of maladaptive eating behaviors. This relationship becomes particularly evident when body-related self-esteem is examined, as it shows a stronger connection to these symptoms than global self-esteem. Additionally, other factors are identified as influencing this association, such as dissatisfaction with one’s own body, difficulties in emotion regulation, and social pressure, including the impact of social media use. Overall, the reviewed literature contributes to a better understanding of the role that self-esteem plays in the development and persistence of disordered eating in adolescence, while also highlighting the need for further research from a broader perspective and with methodologies that allow the evolution of this relationship to be explored over time.
This study aims to analyze the relationship between self-esteem and disordered eating symptoms in adolescents, based on a systematic review of recent studies. To this end, twelve investigations published between 2020 and 2024 were selected, all of which assess this association in adolescent populations. The reviewed studies consistently report a negative association between self-esteem and disordered eating symptoms - that is, the lower the self-esteem, the more frequent the presence of maladaptive eating behaviors. This relationship becomes particularly evident when body-related self-esteem is examined, as it shows a stronger connection to these symptoms than global self-esteem. Additionally, other factors are identified as influencing this association, such as dissatisfaction with one’s own body, difficulties in emotion regulation, and social pressure, including the impact of social media use. Overall, the reviewed literature contributes to a better understanding of the role that self-esteem plays in the development and persistence of disordered eating in adolescence, while also highlighting the need for further research from a broader perspective and with methodologies that allow the evolution of this relationship to be explored over time.
Direction
MARTINEZ VISPO, CARMELA (Tutorships)
MARTINEZ VISPO, CARMELA (Tutorships)
Court
VAZQUEZ GONZALEZ, FERNANDO LINO (Chairman)
CID FERNANDEZ, SUSANA (Secretary)
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Member)
VAZQUEZ GONZALEZ, FERNANDO LINO (Chairman)
CID FERNANDEZ, SUSANA (Secretary)
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Member)
Differential neural bases of self-reflection and other-reflection.
Authorship
N.S.F.
Psychology
N.S.F.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 13:00
07.07.2025 13:00
Summary
This literature review addresses self-reflection and hetero-reflection from their neural bases, based on recents studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in healthy adults. Special attention is given to the different dimensions involved in both processes. The findings consistently point out the involvement of cortical regions associated with the default mode network. Regarding self-reflection, the media prefrontal cortex plays a key role, with a functional division between the dorsal and ventral mPFC, the latter showing greater activation when reflecting on self-concept. In constrast, hetero-reflection showed broader and more diverse activation patterns, modulated by social distance and the type of relationship with the participant. Finally, the results also indicate a differentation of the various dimensions of the self and others (physical, mental, social), allowing for a more precise mapping of metacognitive processes.
This literature review addresses self-reflection and hetero-reflection from their neural bases, based on recents studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in healthy adults. Special attention is given to the different dimensions involved in both processes. The findings consistently point out the involvement of cortical regions associated with the default mode network. Regarding self-reflection, the media prefrontal cortex plays a key role, with a functional division between the dorsal and ventral mPFC, the latter showing greater activation when reflecting on self-concept. In constrast, hetero-reflection showed broader and more diverse activation patterns, modulated by social distance and the type of relationship with the participant. Finally, the results also indicate a differentation of the various dimensions of the self and others (physical, mental, social), allowing for a more precise mapping of metacognitive processes.
Direction
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Tutorships)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Tutorships)
Court
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Student’s tutor)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Student’s tutor)
Effectiveness of positive psychology-based interventions on the well-being of patients with advanced illnes and poor prognosis: a systematic review
Authorship
E.S.M.
Psychology
E.S.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
People with advanced and life-limiting illness often experience significant existential, emotional and spiritual suffering. In recent years, multiple interventions based on positive psychology have been developed to enhace the well-being of these population. The aim of this review is to analyze the effectiveness of these interventions in end-of-life care. A literature search was conducted in three databases: Web of Sciencie, PsycINFO and Scopus; resulting in the selection of 14 studies that met predefined elegibility criteria. The results were organized into three main categories: existential well-being, psychological distress, and attitudes toward death and the end of life. Among the main findings, the interventions showed positive effects on existential well-being; mixed results regarding psychological distress; and preliminary evidence concerning attitudes toward death and the end of life, although limited by the small number of studies addressing this dimension. It is concluded that these interventions are promising, although further rigorous research is needed to support their effectiveness and clinical implementation.
People with advanced and life-limiting illness often experience significant existential, emotional and spiritual suffering. In recent years, multiple interventions based on positive psychology have been developed to enhace the well-being of these population. The aim of this review is to analyze the effectiveness of these interventions in end-of-life care. A literature search was conducted in three databases: Web of Sciencie, PsycINFO and Scopus; resulting in the selection of 14 studies that met predefined elegibility criteria. The results were organized into three main categories: existential well-being, psychological distress, and attitudes toward death and the end of life. Among the main findings, the interventions showed positive effects on existential well-being; mixed results regarding psychological distress; and preliminary evidence concerning attitudes toward death and the end of life, although limited by the small number of studies addressing this dimension. It is concluded that these interventions are promising, although further rigorous research is needed to support their effectiveness and clinical implementation.
Direction
VAZQUEZ GONZALEZ, FERNANDO LINO (Tutorships)
BOUZA PETEIRO, QUEILA (Co-tutorships)
VAZQUEZ GONZALEZ, FERNANDO LINO (Tutorships)
BOUZA PETEIRO, QUEILA (Co-tutorships)
Court
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Chairman)
GOMEZ FRAGUELA, Xosé Antón (Secretary)
JIMENEZ GARCIA, LUIS MIGUEL (Member)
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Chairman)
GOMEZ FRAGUELA, Xosé Antón (Secretary)
JIMENEZ GARCIA, LUIS MIGUEL (Member)
Heuristics and Biases in Human Inference: The Illusion of Control
Authorship
A.S.R.
Psychology
A.S.R.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
The illusion of control is a cognitive bias that leads individuals to overestimate their ability to influence random outcomes. This distortion has been related to irrational decision making in contexts of uncertainty and ambiguity, especially in the field of gambling. The present work aims to review empirical evidence on the effect of the illusion of control on risky behaviors, with special attention to its manifestation in games of chance. To this end, a systematic review of 10 studies was conducted, identified through searches in specialized databases (Web of Science, Scopus, PsycInfo, and PubMed), selecting those that met the eligibility criteria. The results were organized into three thematic blocks: (1) factors that modulate the emergence of the bias, (2) differences between player profiles, and (3) explanatory models of the phenomenon. Among the main findings, a risk continuum was identified, ranging from non-problematic to pathological gamblers, including new gaming contexts such as digital environments. Additionally, the review highlights factors that amplify or mitigate the bias and notes the absence of research on whether metacognitive awareness of the bias could reduce its impact. Finally, it is concluded that the illusion of control is a relevant mechanism in gaming behavior, and that future research should explore its identification and attenuation.
The illusion of control is a cognitive bias that leads individuals to overestimate their ability to influence random outcomes. This distortion has been related to irrational decision making in contexts of uncertainty and ambiguity, especially in the field of gambling. The present work aims to review empirical evidence on the effect of the illusion of control on risky behaviors, with special attention to its manifestation in games of chance. To this end, a systematic review of 10 studies was conducted, identified through searches in specialized databases (Web of Science, Scopus, PsycInfo, and PubMed), selecting those that met the eligibility criteria. The results were organized into three thematic blocks: (1) factors that modulate the emergence of the bias, (2) differences between player profiles, and (3) explanatory models of the phenomenon. Among the main findings, a risk continuum was identified, ranging from non-problematic to pathological gamblers, including new gaming contexts such as digital environments. Additionally, the review highlights factors that amplify or mitigate the bias and notes the absence of research on whether metacognitive awareness of the bias could reduce its impact. Finally, it is concluded that the illusion of control is a relevant mechanism in gaming behavior, and that future research should explore its identification and attenuation.
Direction
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Tutorships)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Tutorships)
Court
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Chairman)
ESMORIS ARRANZ, FRANCISCO JOSE (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Member)
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Chairman)
ESMORIS ARRANZ, FRANCISCO JOSE (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Member)
Diagnosis and manifestations of dyslexia in adults. An analysis of its clinical and diagnostic characteristics
Authorship
H.J.S.L.
Psychology
H.J.S.L.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 11:00
07.14.2025 11:00
Summary
Dyslexia can be defined as a specific learning difficulty that has been extensively studied in child populations, yet its manifestation in adulthood still presents significant gaps in the scientific literature. This paper aims to conduct an exhaustive literature review on dyslexia in adults, exploring its clinical characteristics, neurocognitive implications, diagnosis, and intervention strategies. To fulfill this main objective, a thorough review has been carried out. The results indicate that, despite progress in the development of compensatory strategies, reading difficulties in adults persist and can significantly affect academic, occupational, and emotional domains. The analysis addresses persistent challenges in reading fluency, spelling, and phonological processing faced by adults with dyslexia, influenced by factors such as the orthographic transparency of the language and educational level.The review also highlights the heterogeneity of the disorder, which complicates its diagnosis this is closely linked to current limitations in diagnostic tools, along with a scarce supply of intervention programs tailored to the adult population. This reflects an increased need for clinical and scientific attention specifically, the need for personalized interventions that harness brain plasticity and strengthen skills such as working memory.This paper underscores the importance of addressing dyslexia from a multidimensional perspective, taking into account its impact on quality of life and the need to promote inclusive educational and workplace policies that support this population. It also emphasizes the urgency of future research that explores multicultural contexts and technologies to enhance intervention.
Dyslexia can be defined as a specific learning difficulty that has been extensively studied in child populations, yet its manifestation in adulthood still presents significant gaps in the scientific literature. This paper aims to conduct an exhaustive literature review on dyslexia in adults, exploring its clinical characteristics, neurocognitive implications, diagnosis, and intervention strategies. To fulfill this main objective, a thorough review has been carried out. The results indicate that, despite progress in the development of compensatory strategies, reading difficulties in adults persist and can significantly affect academic, occupational, and emotional domains. The analysis addresses persistent challenges in reading fluency, spelling, and phonological processing faced by adults with dyslexia, influenced by factors such as the orthographic transparency of the language and educational level.The review also highlights the heterogeneity of the disorder, which complicates its diagnosis this is closely linked to current limitations in diagnostic tools, along with a scarce supply of intervention programs tailored to the adult population. This reflects an increased need for clinical and scientific attention specifically, the need for personalized interventions that harness brain plasticity and strengthen skills such as working memory.This paper underscores the importance of addressing dyslexia from a multidimensional perspective, taking into account its impact on quality of life and the need to promote inclusive educational and workplace policies that support this population. It also emphasizes the urgency of future research that explores multicultural contexts and technologies to enhance intervention.
Direction
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Tutorships)
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Tutorships)
Court
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Student’s tutor)
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Student’s tutor)
Analysis of sentences for juvenile offenders: child-to-parent violence
Authorship
C.S.P.
Psychology
C.S.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
Child-to-parent violence has been a phenomenon of recent relevance in research, generating much concern especially for the consequences it entails for all the members of the family unit. The aim of this work is to analyse the personal characteristics of the minor, as well as the psychological, socio-familiar and academic risk factors present. In addition, it was also considered relevant to examine both the criminal classification and the measure imposed. For this purpose, 30 cases considered as child-to-parent violence were selected by convenience sampling, obtained from sentences, reports and various documents available in a centre for the reeducation of minors located in A Coruña. The analysis, carried out using descriptive statistics, allows us to observe a clear victimisation of the maternal figure and a high presence of psychological, family and academic factors. It is concluded that filioparental violence is caused and maintained by complex dynamics that require a multidisciplinary intervention with greater relevance in prevention
Child-to-parent violence has been a phenomenon of recent relevance in research, generating much concern especially for the consequences it entails for all the members of the family unit. The aim of this work is to analyse the personal characteristics of the minor, as well as the psychological, socio-familiar and academic risk factors present. In addition, it was also considered relevant to examine both the criminal classification and the measure imposed. For this purpose, 30 cases considered as child-to-parent violence were selected by convenience sampling, obtained from sentences, reports and various documents available in a centre for the reeducation of minors located in A Coruña. The analysis, carried out using descriptive statistics, allows us to observe a clear victimisation of the maternal figure and a high presence of psychological, family and academic factors. It is concluded that filioparental violence is caused and maintained by complex dynamics that require a multidisciplinary intervention with greater relevance in prevention
Direction
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Tutorships)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Tutorships)
Court
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Student’s tutor)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Student’s tutor)
Gender biases in social camouflage
Authorship
T.S.M.
Psychology
T.S.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 12:00
07.16.2025 12:00
Summary
The present work analyzes the phenomenon of social camouflage in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), focusing on gender differences. Based on a bibliographic review of recent literature, in which various quantitative studies are compiled, the different factors involved in the underdetection of the disorder in the female gender were analyzed, focusing on social camouflage as a possible factor in this issue. The different studies show that women present greater social camouflage than men, thus relating it to late diagnosis or even to not being detected. The use of this strategy appears to be modulated by social and cultural factors, in which a gender bias is observed, leading women to learn and use this strategy more frequently. Likewise, differences at the neuroanatomical level were observed, especially in those areas linked to social cognition. These results reinforce the need to incorporate a gender perspective in diagnostic evaluation, in order to avoid underdiagnosis and its repercussions on women's mental health.
The present work analyzes the phenomenon of social camouflage in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), focusing on gender differences. Based on a bibliographic review of recent literature, in which various quantitative studies are compiled, the different factors involved in the underdetection of the disorder in the female gender were analyzed, focusing on social camouflage as a possible factor in this issue. The different studies show that women present greater social camouflage than men, thus relating it to late diagnosis or even to not being detected. The use of this strategy appears to be modulated by social and cultural factors, in which a gender bias is observed, leading women to learn and use this strategy more frequently. Likewise, differences at the neuroanatomical level were observed, especially in those areas linked to social cognition. These results reinforce the need to incorporate a gender perspective in diagnostic evaluation, in order to avoid underdiagnosis and its repercussions on women's mental health.
Direction
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Tutorships)
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Tutorships)
Court
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Student’s tutor)
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Student’s tutor)
Effectiveness of new technologies in educational intervention for students with Dyslexia.
Authorship
U.S.M.
Psychology
U.S.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 11:30
07.14.2025 11:30
Summary
This paper studies the impact in Spain of the use of new technologies in the teaching-learning process of children with Dyslexia, for which a scope review in the field of psychology has been carried out. Dyslexia is one of the most prevalent learning disorders in the school population, with an estimated incidence of around 10% in Spain. Its repercussions in the academic environment are significant, mainly affecting reading, writing and, consequently, the overall performance of students. In this context, new technologies offer a promising potential to support educational intervention, allowing personalized adaptations, greater accessibility and an improvement in the motivation and self-esteem of students with Dyslexia. In this regard, the results obtained in this work show a favorable effect on the development of reading and writing skills after the use of various technological tools, mainly video games such as DytectiveU, which allow a more playful and interactive learning. Due to this, the need to design technological tools that support the educational intervention of students with Dyslexia in order to promote the full development of their abilities is highlighted. Likewise, it concludes by emphasizing the importance of promoting future research to obtain more robust results due to the scarcity of studies in the Spanish context.
This paper studies the impact in Spain of the use of new technologies in the teaching-learning process of children with Dyslexia, for which a scope review in the field of psychology has been carried out. Dyslexia is one of the most prevalent learning disorders in the school population, with an estimated incidence of around 10% in Spain. Its repercussions in the academic environment are significant, mainly affecting reading, writing and, consequently, the overall performance of students. In this context, new technologies offer a promising potential to support educational intervention, allowing personalized adaptations, greater accessibility and an improvement in the motivation and self-esteem of students with Dyslexia. In this regard, the results obtained in this work show a favorable effect on the development of reading and writing skills after the use of various technological tools, mainly video games such as DytectiveU, which allow a more playful and interactive learning. Due to this, the need to design technological tools that support the educational intervention of students with Dyslexia in order to promote the full development of their abilities is highlighted. Likewise, it concludes by emphasizing the importance of promoting future research to obtain more robust results due to the scarcity of studies in the Spanish context.
Direction
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Tutorships)
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Tutorships)
Court
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Student’s tutor)
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Student’s tutor)
Una versión máUnderstanding Gender-Based Violence from the Perspective of Adolescents: A Qualitative Study
Authorship
A.S.Q.
Psychology
A.S.Q.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
Gender-based violence in dating relationships represents a serious and often overlooked issue, encompassing forms of physical, psychological, sexual and digital abuse. The aim of this qualitative research is to explore the discourse of young people regarding this problem in order to understand their perspective. To achieve this, six discussion groups were conducted with a sample of 48 adolescents aged between 15 and 18 years, and the content was subsequently analyzed using ATLAS.ti software. The results showed that both boys and girls identify physical and psychological violence as the most common forms of abuse in romantic relationships, while other manifestations, such as sexual and digital violence, tend to go unrecognized. In addition to identifying warning signs, participants reealed a certain degree of normalization of violence and an understanding of it as a bidirectional phenomenon. The family and the media were perceived as risk environments, in contrast to peers and educational institutions, which were seen as having preventive potencial. However, the effectiveness of educational interventions was questioned due to the limited support provided. Among the proposed prevention measures are emotional education, legal training, psychological intervention, and the development and implementation of practical strategies tailored to their reality.
Gender-based violence in dating relationships represents a serious and often overlooked issue, encompassing forms of physical, psychological, sexual and digital abuse. The aim of this qualitative research is to explore the discourse of young people regarding this problem in order to understand their perspective. To achieve this, six discussion groups were conducted with a sample of 48 adolescents aged between 15 and 18 years, and the content was subsequently analyzed using ATLAS.ti software. The results showed that both boys and girls identify physical and psychological violence as the most common forms of abuse in romantic relationships, while other manifestations, such as sexual and digital violence, tend to go unrecognized. In addition to identifying warning signs, participants reealed a certain degree of normalization of violence and an understanding of it as a bidirectional phenomenon. The family and the media were perceived as risk environments, in contrast to peers and educational institutions, which were seen as having preventive potencial. However, the effectiveness of educational interventions was questioned due to the limited support provided. Among the proposed prevention measures are emotional education, legal training, psychological intervention, and the development and implementation of practical strategies tailored to their reality.
Direction
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Tutorships)
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Tutorships)
Court
IGLESIAS CRIADO, MARIA DEL MAR (Chairman)
Taboada Ares, Eva María (Secretary)
VARELA MALLOU, JESUS (Member)
IGLESIAS CRIADO, MARIA DEL MAR (Chairman)
Taboada Ares, Eva María (Secretary)
VARELA MALLOU, JESUS (Member)
Heuristics and biases in human inference: a systematic review on social media and disinformation
Authorship
D.A.S.P.
Psychology
D.A.S.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
Disinformation, fake news, post-truth, infoxication… these are terms that are increasingly resonating in our society. On social media and other digital communication platforms there is an overabundance of information, the veracity of which is uncertain, as neither the sources nor the content follows strict reliability standards. As a result, the responsibility for verifying the information they consume and share online falls on the users. However, their ability to process such a large volume of data is limited. This systematic review analyses experimental evidence on the cognitive mechanisms that lead individuals to believe misinformation on digital media, especially on social media. It also reviews the literature examining users’ credibility criteria and the influence of heuristics and biases on their attitudes and behaviours toward disinformation on these platforms. To that end, a search was conducted in three databases: Scopus, PsycInfo and Dialnet. Results suggest that the excess of online information and the speed at which it spreads encourage the use of fast and automatic thinking, characteristic of System 1, with little or no cognitive reflection, guided by numerous heuristics, which often result in cognitive biases. This highlights the need to strengthen critical thinking based on System 2, slow, deliberate and analytical, as a key strategy to counter misinformation.
Disinformation, fake news, post-truth, infoxication… these are terms that are increasingly resonating in our society. On social media and other digital communication platforms there is an overabundance of information, the veracity of which is uncertain, as neither the sources nor the content follows strict reliability standards. As a result, the responsibility for verifying the information they consume and share online falls on the users. However, their ability to process such a large volume of data is limited. This systematic review analyses experimental evidence on the cognitive mechanisms that lead individuals to believe misinformation on digital media, especially on social media. It also reviews the literature examining users’ credibility criteria and the influence of heuristics and biases on their attitudes and behaviours toward disinformation on these platforms. To that end, a search was conducted in three databases: Scopus, PsycInfo and Dialnet. Results suggest that the excess of online information and the speed at which it spreads encourage the use of fast and automatic thinking, characteristic of System 1, with little or no cognitive reflection, guided by numerous heuristics, which often result in cognitive biases. This highlights the need to strengthen critical thinking based on System 2, slow, deliberate and analytical, as a key strategy to counter misinformation.
Direction
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Tutorships)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Tutorships)
Court
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Chairman)
ESMORIS ARRANZ, FRANCISCO JOSE (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Member)
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Chairman)
ESMORIS ARRANZ, FRANCISCO JOSE (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Member)
Influence of cognitive reserve on subjective cognitive decline
Authorship
C.S.V.
Psychology
C.S.V.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 09:30
07.07.2025 09:30
Summary
The purpose of this literature review is to evaluate the main findings of the last 5 years regarding the influence of cognitive reserve (CR) on subjective cognitive decline (SCD). To this end, an exhaustive search was conducted in the PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. After analyzing the results, we conclude that there is indeed a relationship between CR and SCD, and that different CR indicators can act as protective factors against cognitive decline. Not all indicators carry the same weight or act in the same way. Modifiable factors allow for increased CR, while non-modifiable factors mediate the acquisition process. Further research is still needed, especially in the development of models and tools that allow for the unification and homogenization of available data for a better understanding of SCD and its relationship with CR.
The purpose of this literature review is to evaluate the main findings of the last 5 years regarding the influence of cognitive reserve (CR) on subjective cognitive decline (SCD). To this end, an exhaustive search was conducted in the PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. After analyzing the results, we conclude that there is indeed a relationship between CR and SCD, and that different CR indicators can act as protective factors against cognitive decline. Not all indicators carry the same weight or act in the same way. Modifiable factors allow for increased CR, while non-modifiable factors mediate the acquisition process. Further research is still needed, especially in the development of models and tools that allow for the unification and homogenization of available data for a better understanding of SCD and its relationship with CR.
Direction
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Tutorships)
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Tutorships)
Court
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Student’s tutor)
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Student’s tutor)
Adult-Onset ADHD? Diagnostic Controversies and Clinical Characterization
Authorship
V.B.T.M.
Psychology
V.B.T.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has traditionally been considered a childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorder. However, in recent years, there has been growing interest in cases that appear to begin in adulthood, without evident symptoms during childhood. In line with this, a literature review was conducted with the aim of analyzing the diagnostic validity of adult-onset ADHD, its clinical profile, associated factors, and key aspects of its assessment. To this end, through a systematic process of search, screening and selection, 17 studies were reviewed whose samples included individuals diagnosed in adulthood. The results reflect the ongoing controversy regarding the validity of this presentation, as although a significant number of cases are identified, many are influenced by comorbidities or substance abuse. The clinical profile is similar to that of persistent ADHD, with significant impairment across various areas; however, it is marked by an apparently higher intelligence quotient and a greater proportion of women. Moreover, various individual and environmental factors have been identified that may contribute to the late onset of symptoms. Regarding its assessment, it is necessary to use multiple instruments and sources of information to increase the reliability of the process. Finally, the main limitations identified are discussed, including the limited research available on this specific presentation, as well as future lines of study aimed at achieving a better understanding of the phenomenon.
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has traditionally been considered a childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorder. However, in recent years, there has been growing interest in cases that appear to begin in adulthood, without evident symptoms during childhood. In line with this, a literature review was conducted with the aim of analyzing the diagnostic validity of adult-onset ADHD, its clinical profile, associated factors, and key aspects of its assessment. To this end, through a systematic process of search, screening and selection, 17 studies were reviewed whose samples included individuals diagnosed in adulthood. The results reflect the ongoing controversy regarding the validity of this presentation, as although a significant number of cases are identified, many are influenced by comorbidities or substance abuse. The clinical profile is similar to that of persistent ADHD, with significant impairment across various areas; however, it is marked by an apparently higher intelligence quotient and a greater proportion of women. Moreover, various individual and environmental factors have been identified that may contribute to the late onset of symptoms. Regarding its assessment, it is necessary to use multiple instruments and sources of information to increase the reliability of the process. Finally, the main limitations identified are discussed, including the limited research available on this specific presentation, as well as future lines of study aimed at achieving a better understanding of the phenomenon.
Direction
ROMERO TRIÑANES, ESTRELLA (Tutorships)
ROMERO TRIÑANES, ESTRELLA (Tutorships)
Court
CUTRIN MOSTEIRO, OLALLA (Chairman)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Secretary)
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Member)
CUTRIN MOSTEIRO, OLALLA (Chairman)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Secretary)
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Member)
Artificial Intelligence and its impact on the Psychology of Testimony
Authorship
M.T.M.
Psychology
M.T.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 09:30
07.15.2025 09:30
Summary
Artificial Intelligence is increasingly impacting modern society and may pose certain disadvantages for the field of testimonial psychology, due to its ability to humanize responses and access vast databases to generate highly coherent narratives. This study aimed to examine the perceived credibility of testimonies from victims of sexual assault that were created using AI and through simulation, presented alongside real testimonies (all randomly distributed), to a sample comprising individuals with training in psychology and members of the general population. The objective was to analyze whether credibility assessments varied according to the participants' level of psychological knowledge. The results indicated no statistically significant differences between both groups in most cases, and overall low accuracy rates in identifying simulated or AI-generated testimonies. These findings highlight the difficulty of detecting false testimonies, even when applying rational reasoning, and raise questions about the reliability of human judgment when facing artificially produced narratives. From both theoretical and applied perspectives, the study underscores the need for further research in this field, with larger samples and improved methodological design, in order to better understand the potential risks and limitations that artificial intelligence may entail in sensitive contexts such as testimonial evaluation.
Artificial Intelligence is increasingly impacting modern society and may pose certain disadvantages for the field of testimonial psychology, due to its ability to humanize responses and access vast databases to generate highly coherent narratives. This study aimed to examine the perceived credibility of testimonies from victims of sexual assault that were created using AI and through simulation, presented alongside real testimonies (all randomly distributed), to a sample comprising individuals with training in psychology and members of the general population. The objective was to analyze whether credibility assessments varied according to the participants' level of psychological knowledge. The results indicated no statistically significant differences between both groups in most cases, and overall low accuracy rates in identifying simulated or AI-generated testimonies. These findings highlight the difficulty of detecting false testimonies, even when applying rational reasoning, and raise questions about the reliability of human judgment when facing artificially produced narratives. From both theoretical and applied perspectives, the study underscores the need for further research in this field, with larger samples and improved methodological design, in order to better understand the potential risks and limitations that artificial intelligence may entail in sensitive contexts such as testimonial evaluation.
Direction
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Tutorships)
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Tutorships)
Court
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Coordinator)
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Student’s tutor)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Coordinator)
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Student’s tutor)
Study of the Faciliting Psychological Factors in Collective Action Against the Housing Business in Spain. Analysis based on the AICAM model
Authorship
C.T.C.
Psychology
C.T.C.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 10:30
07.15.2025 10:30
Summary
The present research stems from an interest in understanding and delving into the psychosocial factors that drive participation in collective actions in response to the growing commodification of housing in Spain. Based on the SIMCA model (van Zomeren et al., 2008) and its extension in the AICAM model (Sabucedo et al., 2018), variables such as politicized collective identity, perceptions of efficacy and injustice, political ideology, and moral obligation are analyzed, integrated with sociodemographic factors. Four hypotheses were proposed (H1) younger people are more predisposed to collective action. The perception of efficacy has limited predictive power (H2), whereas politicized collective identity and perception of injustice are relevant psychosocial factors (H3) and moral obligation is the most robust predictor (H4). Based on a sample (113 participants), correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were applied. The results confirm the first and fourth hypotheses (H1, H4), meaning that young people, and especially moral obligation, significantly predict the intention to participate. Identity also emerges as a key factor (H3), while perceptions of efficacy and injustice show less relevance than expected (H2). Likewise, political ideology (left-wing progressive) emerges as a relevant explanatory element. These findings reinforce the utility of the AICAM model and open new avenues for research on social mobilization amid the current housing crisis.
The present research stems from an interest in understanding and delving into the psychosocial factors that drive participation in collective actions in response to the growing commodification of housing in Spain. Based on the SIMCA model (van Zomeren et al., 2008) and its extension in the AICAM model (Sabucedo et al., 2018), variables such as politicized collective identity, perceptions of efficacy and injustice, political ideology, and moral obligation are analyzed, integrated with sociodemographic factors. Four hypotheses were proposed (H1) younger people are more predisposed to collective action. The perception of efficacy has limited predictive power (H2), whereas politicized collective identity and perception of injustice are relevant psychosocial factors (H3) and moral obligation is the most robust predictor (H4). Based on a sample (113 participants), correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were applied. The results confirm the first and fourth hypotheses (H1, H4), meaning that young people, and especially moral obligation, significantly predict the intention to participate. Identity also emerges as a key factor (H3), while perceptions of efficacy and injustice show less relevance than expected (H2). Likewise, political ideology (left-wing progressive) emerges as a relevant explanatory element. These findings reinforce the utility of the AICAM model and open new avenues for research on social mobilization amid the current housing crisis.
Direction
Alzate García, Mónica (Tutorships)
FERNANDEZ CORES, TAMARA (Co-tutorships)
Alzate García, Mónica (Tutorships)
FERNANDEZ CORES, TAMARA (Co-tutorships)
Court
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Chairman)
NIETO VIEITES, ANA (Secretary)
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Member)
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Chairman)
NIETO VIEITES, ANA (Secretary)
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Member)
Sowing equity: the seeds that spark collective action against wealth inequality
Authorship
M.T.C.
Psychology
M.T.C.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
This study analyzes the cognitive, moral, and emotional factors that motivate the intention to engage in collective actions against wealth inequality. Based on Gamson’s (1992) classic model, its three frames are explored: injustice, identity, and efficacy. The role of moral obligation and certain emotions (anger, hope, optimism, and pride) are also studied as predictors of protest. Three main hypotheses were proposed: that the aforementioned emotions are predictors of the intention to protest, that politicized identity is a stronger predictor than injustice and efficacy, and that moral obligation has the highest predictive power. To test them, a Google Forms questionnaire was shared via social media, obtaining a sample of 214 valid responses. The statistical analysis was based on descriptive statistics, correlation analyses, and multiple linear regression. Finally, the results showed that all the variables of interest are significantly correlated with the intention to engage in collective actions against economic disparity, although only identity, moral obligation, injustice, and efficacy formed the most powerful predictive model, explaining 62.7% of the variance. Emotions did not achieve sufficient statistical significance to be solid predictors, but their proven relationship with cognitive variables suggests their influence on the intention to protest through those variables. Even considering the methodological limitations of this study, its conclusions support the findings of pioneering research in the field, highlighting the role of cognitions, emotions, and moral aspects as motivators of collective action against inequality.
This study analyzes the cognitive, moral, and emotional factors that motivate the intention to engage in collective actions against wealth inequality. Based on Gamson’s (1992) classic model, its three frames are explored: injustice, identity, and efficacy. The role of moral obligation and certain emotions (anger, hope, optimism, and pride) are also studied as predictors of protest. Three main hypotheses were proposed: that the aforementioned emotions are predictors of the intention to protest, that politicized identity is a stronger predictor than injustice and efficacy, and that moral obligation has the highest predictive power. To test them, a Google Forms questionnaire was shared via social media, obtaining a sample of 214 valid responses. The statistical analysis was based on descriptive statistics, correlation analyses, and multiple linear regression. Finally, the results showed that all the variables of interest are significantly correlated with the intention to engage in collective actions against economic disparity, although only identity, moral obligation, injustice, and efficacy formed the most powerful predictive model, explaining 62.7% of the variance. Emotions did not achieve sufficient statistical significance to be solid predictors, but their proven relationship with cognitive variables suggests their influence on the intention to protest through those variables. Even considering the methodological limitations of this study, its conclusions support the findings of pioneering research in the field, highlighting the role of cognitions, emotions, and moral aspects as motivators of collective action against inequality.
Direction
SABUCEDO CAMESELLE, JOSE MANUEL (Tutorships)
SABUCEDO CAMESELLE, JOSE MANUEL (Tutorships)
Court
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Chairman)
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Secretary)
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Member)
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Chairman)
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Secretary)
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Member)
Neural correlates of deception: a literature review of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) studies.
Authorship
N.V.V.
Psychology
N.V.V.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 12:00
07.14.2025 12:00
Summary
In recent years, the study of deception has attracted increasing interest in the field of neuroscience, especially because of its relevance in social, ethical and forensic contexts. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has made it possible to precisely observe the brain regions involved in this complex process. As a central objective, this study focuses on a literature review of empirical investigations that have employed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to identify the neural correlates associated with deception versus truth by performing visual tasks in healthy young adult individuals. For this purpose, a literature review was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases, covering the period from 2010 to 2025. Combinations of terms such as “deception”, “fMRI”, ‘lying’, “cognitive neuroscience” and “interrogation” were used, applying inclusion criteria that required the use of experimental tasks and the participation of individuals free of neurological damage. Six articles were selected that met the established methodological criteria. In addition, tasks with social interaction or economic incentives showed additional activation in regions associated with theory of mind and the reward system. The results confirm that deception activates a flexible brain network that varies according to task type, motivational context and social demands.
In recent years, the study of deception has attracted increasing interest in the field of neuroscience, especially because of its relevance in social, ethical and forensic contexts. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has made it possible to precisely observe the brain regions involved in this complex process. As a central objective, this study focuses on a literature review of empirical investigations that have employed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to identify the neural correlates associated with deception versus truth by performing visual tasks in healthy young adult individuals. For this purpose, a literature review was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases, covering the period from 2010 to 2025. Combinations of terms such as “deception”, “fMRI”, ‘lying’, “cognitive neuroscience” and “interrogation” were used, applying inclusion criteria that required the use of experimental tasks and the participation of individuals free of neurological damage. Six articles were selected that met the established methodological criteria. In addition, tasks with social interaction or economic incentives showed additional activation in regions associated with theory of mind and the reward system. The results confirm that deception activates a flexible brain network that varies according to task type, motivational context and social demands.
Direction
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Tutorships)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Tutorships)
Court
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Student’s tutor)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Student’s tutor)
Undergraduate dissertation
Authorship
L.V.H.
Psychology
L.V.H.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is a highly prevalent condition that can become chronic if not properly treated. Exposure therapy is one of the most effective interventions for its treatment, although it presents certain limitations. This paper analyzes the effectiveness, limitations, and current challenges of Exposure Therapy as a treatment for SAD. Through a systematic review of scientific literature published over the past five years, various exposure-based interventions, mostly using Virtual Reality (VR), are examined, along with emerging lines of research focused on modulating variables such as testosterone levels and sleep quality. Findings provide evidence that VR is a promising and effective tool for treating SAD, as it allows for greater control and customization of anxiety-provoking stimuli. Self-guided interventions may also improve accessibility, although their effectiveness may be limited when implemented without any form of supervision. The review also highlights the importance of treatment personalization as a promising path to optimizing therapeutic outcomes.
Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is a highly prevalent condition that can become chronic if not properly treated. Exposure therapy is one of the most effective interventions for its treatment, although it presents certain limitations. This paper analyzes the effectiveness, limitations, and current challenges of Exposure Therapy as a treatment for SAD. Through a systematic review of scientific literature published over the past five years, various exposure-based interventions, mostly using Virtual Reality (VR), are examined, along with emerging lines of research focused on modulating variables such as testosterone levels and sleep quality. Findings provide evidence that VR is a promising and effective tool for treating SAD, as it allows for greater control and customization of anxiety-provoking stimuli. Self-guided interventions may also improve accessibility, although their effectiveness may be limited when implemented without any form of supervision. The review also highlights the importance of treatment personalization as a promising path to optimizing therapeutic outcomes.
Direction
ALCARAZ GARCIA, MIGUEL ANGEL (Tutorships)
ALCARAZ GARCIA, MIGUEL ANGEL (Tutorships)
Court
ALCARAZ GARCIA, MIGUEL ANGEL (Student’s tutor)
ALCARAZ GARCIA, MIGUEL ANGEL (Student’s tutor)
Burnout syndrome in teachers
Authorship
J.V.F.
Psychology
J.V.F.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:30
07.16.2025 10:30
Summary
Burnout is one of the main challenges currently impacting the working population. It is a syndrome characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and a low sense of personal accomplishment. Although their effects are often underestimated, chronic work-related stress and burnout can often cause physical, psychological and emotional consequences that are harmful to workers' health. These negative effects also result in a decline in job performance, impacting the overall functioning of affected organizations. Burnout can occur in a wide range of professions, but it is especially prevalent in the healthcare and education sectors, with the latter being the focus of this study. The objective of this literature review is to analyze the main findings from studies published since 2020 on teacher burnout. More specifically, it examines the relationships between burnout syndrome (and its three dimensions), work-related stress, job satisfaction, and a set of demographic, personal and contextual variables. The data revealed a strong association between the three dimensions of burnout, and between these dimensions and overall burnout with various types of occupational stress and with job satisfaction. The findings also identified multiple statistically significant relationships between burnout and different demographic (gender, years of experience, civil status, etc.), personal (self-efficacy, emotional regulation, trait anxiety, etc.), and contextual (number of students, grade level taught, social relationships, etc.) variables. When looked at together, these results highlight the complexity of burnout syndrome and the impact that these diverse variables have on burnout levels.
Burnout is one of the main challenges currently impacting the working population. It is a syndrome characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and a low sense of personal accomplishment. Although their effects are often underestimated, chronic work-related stress and burnout can often cause physical, psychological and emotional consequences that are harmful to workers' health. These negative effects also result in a decline in job performance, impacting the overall functioning of affected organizations. Burnout can occur in a wide range of professions, but it is especially prevalent in the healthcare and education sectors, with the latter being the focus of this study. The objective of this literature review is to analyze the main findings from studies published since 2020 on teacher burnout. More specifically, it examines the relationships between burnout syndrome (and its three dimensions), work-related stress, job satisfaction, and a set of demographic, personal and contextual variables. The data revealed a strong association between the three dimensions of burnout, and between these dimensions and overall burnout with various types of occupational stress and with job satisfaction. The findings also identified multiple statistically significant relationships between burnout and different demographic (gender, years of experience, civil status, etc.), personal (self-efficacy, emotional regulation, trait anxiety, etc.), and contextual (number of students, grade level taught, social relationships, etc.) variables. When looked at together, these results highlight the complexity of burnout syndrome and the impact that these diverse variables have on burnout levels.
Direction
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Tutorships)
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Tutorships)
Court
Dono Martín, Marcos (Chairman)
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Secretary)
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Member)
Dono Martín, Marcos (Chairman)
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Secretary)
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Member)
The impact of expressed emotion on the prognosis and treatment of adolescence anorexia nervosa
Authorship
S.V.G.
Psychology
S.V.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder that primarily affects adolescent females. This disorder is characterized by its clinical severity, therapeutic complexity, and high relapse rate, being the mental disorder with the highest mortality rate, due to suicide or physical complications. In this context, family involvement, measured through Expressed Emotion (EE), emerges as a key factor in the course of AN. This study aims to analyze the impact of family EE on the prognosis and treatment of AN in adolescents. To achieve this, a review of the scientific literature was conducted using the PsycInfo and Web of Science (WOS) databases, resulting in the selection of 15 articles published between 2010 and 2023. Results show that high levels of negative EE correlate with worse clinical outcomes, lower treatment adherence, and higher relapse risk. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that family-focused interventions reduce EE levels, improve caregivers’ well-being, and promote patient recovery. Similarly, the differentiated role of maternal and paternal EE is highlighted, as well as the relevance of the expressed emotion perceived by the patient, which influences the effectiveness of the interventions and their emotional distress. In conclusion, EE is a critical variable in the treatment and prognosis of AN in adolescence. Its inclusion in intervention programs through family psychoeducation modules may foster adaptive emotional expression among affected adolescents and their families.
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder that primarily affects adolescent females. This disorder is characterized by its clinical severity, therapeutic complexity, and high relapse rate, being the mental disorder with the highest mortality rate, due to suicide or physical complications. In this context, family involvement, measured through Expressed Emotion (EE), emerges as a key factor in the course of AN. This study aims to analyze the impact of family EE on the prognosis and treatment of AN in adolescents. To achieve this, a review of the scientific literature was conducted using the PsycInfo and Web of Science (WOS) databases, resulting in the selection of 15 articles published between 2010 and 2023. Results show that high levels of negative EE correlate with worse clinical outcomes, lower treatment adherence, and higher relapse risk. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that family-focused interventions reduce EE levels, improve caregivers’ well-being, and promote patient recovery. Similarly, the differentiated role of maternal and paternal EE is highlighted, as well as the relevance of the expressed emotion perceived by the patient, which influences the effectiveness of the interventions and their emotional distress. In conclusion, EE is a critical variable in the treatment and prognosis of AN in adolescence. Its inclusion in intervention programs through family psychoeducation modules may foster adaptive emotional expression among affected adolescents and their families.
Direction
VILLAR TORRES, PAULA (Tutorships)
VILLAR TORRES, PAULA (Tutorships)
Court
Alzate García, Mónica (Chairman)
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Secretary)
CORRAL VARELA, MARIA MONTSERRAT (Member)
Alzate García, Mónica (Chairman)
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Secretary)
CORRAL VARELA, MARIA MONTSERRAT (Member)
Precompetitive Anxiety and Sports Performance
Authorship
L.V.F.
Psychology
L.V.F.
Psychology
Defense date
02.17.2025 11:00
02.17.2025 11:00
Summary
The objective of this literature review is to analyze the impact of precompetitive anxiety on sports performance and examine what factors influence precompetitive anxiety. To this end, a bibliographic search has been carried out in the Web of Science (WoS) database of the most recent research on anxiety in the sports context; specifically, in the moment before the competition in different sports. To carry out the systematic review, 10 articles have been selected. The results indicate that precompetitive anxiety is a complex phenomenon, since it depends on various variables, such as the type of sport (individual or collective), sporting level, gender, context, motivational and social climate, as well as characteristics. individual. The factor mainly linked to precompetitive anxiety is self-confidence, which is inversely correlated with self-confidence, so it would be necessary to work on the self confidence of athletes to reduce anxiety levels. Finally, the importance of training athletes in emotional management to improve their well-being and optimize sports performance is emphasized. Coaches and psychologists are also invited to become aware of the importance of managing precompetitive anxiety appropriately to provide better performance and well-being in athletes. This includes specific and personalized programs, which prioritize reinforcing self-confidence and fostering supportive motivational and social climates that reward effort more than victory.
The objective of this literature review is to analyze the impact of precompetitive anxiety on sports performance and examine what factors influence precompetitive anxiety. To this end, a bibliographic search has been carried out in the Web of Science (WoS) database of the most recent research on anxiety in the sports context; specifically, in the moment before the competition in different sports. To carry out the systematic review, 10 articles have been selected. The results indicate that precompetitive anxiety is a complex phenomenon, since it depends on various variables, such as the type of sport (individual or collective), sporting level, gender, context, motivational and social climate, as well as characteristics. individual. The factor mainly linked to precompetitive anxiety is self-confidence, which is inversely correlated with self-confidence, so it would be necessary to work on the self confidence of athletes to reduce anxiety levels. Finally, the importance of training athletes in emotional management to improve their well-being and optimize sports performance is emphasized. Coaches and psychologists are also invited to become aware of the importance of managing precompetitive anxiety appropriately to provide better performance and well-being in athletes. This includes specific and personalized programs, which prioritize reinforcing self-confidence and fostering supportive motivational and social climates that reward effort more than victory.
Direction
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Tutorships)
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Tutorships)
Court
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Student’s tutor)
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Student’s tutor)
Psychological intervention in adolescent and young adult cancer survivors: a systematic review
Authorship
R.V.L.
Psychology
R.V.L.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
A cancer diagnosis during adolescence and early adulthood represents a unique challenge that profoundly affects the personal and psychosocial development of those who suffer from it. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of various psychological interventions aimed at adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors, considering their developmental characteristics and specific needs. A systematic review was conducted of 16 scientific studies found in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science (WoS). These included various psychological therapies (cognitive-behavioral therapy, mindfulness, acceptance and commitment therapy, positive psychology, creative and expressive therapies, coaching, and multimodal therapies). The results showed that all the therapeutic approaches evaluated achieved positive effects, contributing to alleviating psychological distress and improving the quality of life of young people. However, limitations were identified, including the small sample size due to difficulties in recruiting this population, and the methodological and therapeutic diversity of the studies. As a future direction, we propose advancing the design of specific and rigorous psychological interventions for AYA cancer survivors, as well as improving these young people's access to mental health services.
A cancer diagnosis during adolescence and early adulthood represents a unique challenge that profoundly affects the personal and psychosocial development of those who suffer from it. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of various psychological interventions aimed at adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors, considering their developmental characteristics and specific needs. A systematic review was conducted of 16 scientific studies found in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science (WoS). These included various psychological therapies (cognitive-behavioral therapy, mindfulness, acceptance and commitment therapy, positive psychology, creative and expressive therapies, coaching, and multimodal therapies). The results showed that all the therapeutic approaches evaluated achieved positive effects, contributing to alleviating psychological distress and improving the quality of life of young people. However, limitations were identified, including the small sample size due to difficulties in recruiting this population, and the methodological and therapeutic diversity of the studies. As a future direction, we propose advancing the design of specific and rigorous psychological interventions for AYA cancer survivors, as well as improving these young people's access to mental health services.
Direction
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Tutorships)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Tutorships)
Court
López Durán, Ana (Chairman)
ALCARAZ GARCIA, MIGUEL ANGEL (Secretary)
Carrillo De la Peña, María Teresa (Member)
López Durán, Ana (Chairman)
ALCARAZ GARCIA, MIGUEL ANGEL (Secretary)
Carrillo De la Peña, María Teresa (Member)
Psychological interventions for chronic kidney disease patients on renal replacement therapy: impact on anxiety, depression, and quality of life
Authorship
S.D.Z.V.
Psychology
S.D.Z.V.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Depression, anxiety, and low quality of life are common among individuals with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, or who have received a kidney transplant. There are multiple psychological interventions designed to address these problems. This review aimed to analyze the effects of different psychological interventions on depressive symptoms, anxiety, and quality of life in this population. A systematic search was conducted in the PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases, including studies published between 2015 and 2025. A total of 20 articles meeting the inclusion criteria were selected. The results indicate that various interventions, such as mindfulness, cognitive-behavioral therapy, relaxation techniques, psychoeducation, and multimodal approaches, can improve mental health and quality of life, especially in patients undergoing hemodialysis, where evidence is more abundant. In transplant recipients, although studies are scarce, benefits were also observed, particularly through expressive interventions, positive psychology, and psychoeducation. However, methodological heterogeneity across studies limits the generalizability of the findings and highlights the need for further research.
Depression, anxiety, and low quality of life are common among individuals with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, or who have received a kidney transplant. There are multiple psychological interventions designed to address these problems. This review aimed to analyze the effects of different psychological interventions on depressive symptoms, anxiety, and quality of life in this population. A systematic search was conducted in the PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases, including studies published between 2015 and 2025. A total of 20 articles meeting the inclusion criteria were selected. The results indicate that various interventions, such as mindfulness, cognitive-behavioral therapy, relaxation techniques, psychoeducation, and multimodal approaches, can improve mental health and quality of life, especially in patients undergoing hemodialysis, where evidence is more abundant. In transplant recipients, although studies are scarce, benefits were also observed, particularly through expressive interventions, positive psychology, and psychoeducation. However, methodological heterogeneity across studies limits the generalizability of the findings and highlights the need for further research.
Direction
Vazquez Rodriguez, Maria Isabel (Tutorships)
Vazquez Rodriguez, Maria Isabel (Tutorships)
Court
MERINO MADRID, HIPOLITO (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Leirós Lobeiras, Luz Isabel (Member)
MERINO MADRID, HIPOLITO (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Leirós Lobeiras, Luz Isabel (Member)