Social support in alcohol consumption treatment
Authorship
L.A.G.
Psychology
L.A.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Alcohol consumption has an elevated prevalence in Spain and it entails several physical, social and psychological consequences that diminish people’s well-being. It has been established that social support influences alcohol consumption and its treatment. The present systematic review has the objective of examining the role of social support in the treatment for alcohol consumption, as well as its role as a component. In order to search for articles, databases Pubmed and Psycinfo were used, finally including a total of 13 studies. Results show that social support acts as a protective factor against emotional distress, reduces psychological symptoms, it is related to changes in motivational variables and treatment adherence. Among the main interventions that use social support as a component, social network therapies, self-help groups, rehabilitation community centers and those which make use of technology stood out. It was observed that the use of social support as a part of treatment for alcohol consumption influenced in its results, increasing abstinence rates. Analyzing the results obtained reinforces the idea that social support influences treatment success for alcohol consumption. Moreover, several interventions that use social support as a component have been found to be effective and imply a new field for future investigation
Alcohol consumption has an elevated prevalence in Spain and it entails several physical, social and psychological consequences that diminish people’s well-being. It has been established that social support influences alcohol consumption and its treatment. The present systematic review has the objective of examining the role of social support in the treatment for alcohol consumption, as well as its role as a component. In order to search for articles, databases Pubmed and Psycinfo were used, finally including a total of 13 studies. Results show that social support acts as a protective factor against emotional distress, reduces psychological symptoms, it is related to changes in motivational variables and treatment adherence. Among the main interventions that use social support as a component, social network therapies, self-help groups, rehabilitation community centers and those which make use of technology stood out. It was observed that the use of social support as a part of treatment for alcohol consumption influenced in its results, increasing abstinence rates. Analyzing the results obtained reinforces the idea that social support influences treatment success for alcohol consumption. Moreover, several interventions that use social support as a component have been found to be effective and imply a new field for future investigation
Direction
BARROSO HURTADO, MARIA (Tutorships)
BARROSO HURTADO, MARIA (Tutorships)
Court
López Durán, Ana (Chairman)
ALCARAZ GARCIA, MIGUEL ANGEL (Secretary)
Carrillo De la Peña, María Teresa (Member)
López Durán, Ana (Chairman)
ALCARAZ GARCIA, MIGUEL ANGEL (Secretary)
Carrillo De la Peña, María Teresa (Member)
Between Calm and Chaos: A Review of the Interaction between Parenting and Emotional Regulation in the Context of Childhood and Adolescent ADHD.
Authorship
Y.A.G.
Psychology
Y.A.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a condition associated with behavioral difficulties and psychosocial adjustment challenges during childhood and adolescence. Although research has primarily focused on the core symptoms (inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity) and their pharmacological treatment, the relationship between ADHD and emotional dysregulation has received comparatively less attention. Developmental psychopathology models emphasize the need to integrate the study of emotional regulation (ER) alongside parenting practices, particularly within the context of ADHD. The primary objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between childhood and adolescent ADHD, emotional dysregulation, and parenting practices, while also exploring the potential of mindfulness as an intervention strategy. To this end, a systematic literature review was conducted using scientific databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, and PsycINFO, selecting 15 articles published between 2016 and 2024. The reviewed studies highlight ER as a key component of ADHD. Additionally, they identify parenting practices characterized by warmth, sensitivity, and consistency as protective factors against emotional lability in youth, in contrast to those marked by neglect or inconsistency. Within this framework, parental mindfulness emerges as an innovative intervention capable of reducing ADHD symptoms and strengthening affective bonds between caregivers and children. In conclusion, an integrative approach that includes mindfulness training for both caregivers and children could promote better emotional self-regulation and foster a healthier family environment.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a condition associated with behavioral difficulties and psychosocial adjustment challenges during childhood and adolescence. Although research has primarily focused on the core symptoms (inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity) and their pharmacological treatment, the relationship between ADHD and emotional dysregulation has received comparatively less attention. Developmental psychopathology models emphasize the need to integrate the study of emotional regulation (ER) alongside parenting practices, particularly within the context of ADHD. The primary objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between childhood and adolescent ADHD, emotional dysregulation, and parenting practices, while also exploring the potential of mindfulness as an intervention strategy. To this end, a systematic literature review was conducted using scientific databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, and PsycINFO, selecting 15 articles published between 2016 and 2024. The reviewed studies highlight ER as a key component of ADHD. Additionally, they identify parenting practices characterized by warmth, sensitivity, and consistency as protective factors against emotional lability in youth, in contrast to those marked by neglect or inconsistency. Within this framework, parental mindfulness emerges as an innovative intervention capable of reducing ADHD symptoms and strengthening affective bonds between caregivers and children. In conclusion, an integrative approach that includes mindfulness training for both caregivers and children could promote better emotional self-regulation and foster a healthier family environment.
Direction
VILLAR TORRES, PAULA (Tutorships)
VILLAR TORRES, PAULA (Tutorships)
Court
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Chairman)
Cadaveira Mahía, Fernando (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Chairman)
Cadaveira Mahía, Fernando (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
The influence of alcohol consumption on the adoption of risky sexual behaviors: A literature review
Authorship
A.A.S.
Psychology
A.A.S.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Alcohol consumption has been consistently linked to an increased likelihood of engaging in risky sexual behaviors (RSB), primarily due to its effects on decision-making processes, impulsivity, and risk perception. The present review aims to systematically examine empirical research addressing the relationship between alcohol use and RSB among adolescents and young adults. A total of 15 studies retrieved from the PubMed database were analyzed. Findings indicate that psychological factors such as impulsivity, emotion dysregulation, and alcohol-related expectancies, as well as contextual variables including social pressure and recreational settings, significantly contribute to this association. Additionally, gender differences were identified, with women appearing more susceptible to the influence of emotional and social factors. These results underscore the importance of developing integrative prevention strategies that target both alcohol use and the psychological and situational mechanisms underlying engagement in RSB.
Alcohol consumption has been consistently linked to an increased likelihood of engaging in risky sexual behaviors (RSB), primarily due to its effects on decision-making processes, impulsivity, and risk perception. The present review aims to systematically examine empirical research addressing the relationship between alcohol use and RSB among adolescents and young adults. A total of 15 studies retrieved from the PubMed database were analyzed. Findings indicate that psychological factors such as impulsivity, emotion dysregulation, and alcohol-related expectancies, as well as contextual variables including social pressure and recreational settings, significantly contribute to this association. Additionally, gender differences were identified, with women appearing more susceptible to the influence of emotional and social factors. These results underscore the importance of developing integrative prevention strategies that target both alcohol use and the psychological and situational mechanisms underlying engagement in RSB.
Direction
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Tutorships)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Tutorships)
Court
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Chairman)
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Secretary)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Member)
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Chairman)
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Secretary)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Member)
Fear of Missing Out (FoMo), problematic digital use and psychological well-being in young adults
Authorship
M.L.A.B.
Psychology
M.L.A.B.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
The use of technology is widespread in today’s society. Consequently, numerous studies have focused on exploring how its problematic use may have negative consequences on mental health, particularly among young people. In this context, the present study aims to analyze the relationship between problematic Internet and mobile phone use, digital usage time, the Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) phenomenon, psychopathological symptomatology variables (depression, anxiety and stress) and psychological well-being in young adults. For this, purpose, a quantitative, cross-sectional, and non-experimental study was conducted with a sample of 134 participants aged between 18 and 29 years, residing in Spain. Data collection was carried out by means of an online questionnaire that included validated scales for the evaluation of the variables mentioned above. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations, and ANOVA tests with SPSS software. The results showed that FoMO, problematic technology use, and psychopathological symptoms are positively and significantly related. Furthermore, negative associations were found between these variables and dimensions of well-being such as self-acceptance, autonomy, and environmental mastery. These findings highlight the importance of promoting a conscious and healthy use of technology and reinforcing protective factors such as self-acceptance to foster positive mental health in the young population.
The use of technology is widespread in today’s society. Consequently, numerous studies have focused on exploring how its problematic use may have negative consequences on mental health, particularly among young people. In this context, the present study aims to analyze the relationship between problematic Internet and mobile phone use, digital usage time, the Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) phenomenon, psychopathological symptomatology variables (depression, anxiety and stress) and psychological well-being in young adults. For this, purpose, a quantitative, cross-sectional, and non-experimental study was conducted with a sample of 134 participants aged between 18 and 29 years, residing in Spain. Data collection was carried out by means of an online questionnaire that included validated scales for the evaluation of the variables mentioned above. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations, and ANOVA tests with SPSS software. The results showed that FoMO, problematic technology use, and psychopathological symptoms are positively and significantly related. Furthermore, negative associations were found between these variables and dimensions of well-being such as self-acceptance, autonomy, and environmental mastery. These findings highlight the importance of promoting a conscious and healthy use of technology and reinforcing protective factors such as self-acceptance to foster positive mental health in the young population.
Direction
MARTINEZ VISPO, CARMELA (Tutorships)
MARTINEZ VISPO, CARMELA (Tutorships)
Court
BECOÑA IGLESIAS, ELISARDO (Chairman)
REDONDO LAGO, JAIME MAURO (Secretary)
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Member)
BECOÑA IGLESIAS, ELISARDO (Chairman)
REDONDO LAGO, JAIME MAURO (Secretary)
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Member)
Return to Work after Absence due to Common Mental Disorders A Literature Review from the Employee Perspective
Authorship
M.L.A.B.
Psychology
M.L.A.B.
Psychology
Defense date
02.13.2025 10:30
02.13.2025 10:30
Summary
Common mental disorders represent one of the main causes of work absenteeism with a significant impact on both workers and organizations. Return to work due to these disorders being a complex process that requires a comprehensive approach to address the barriers, facilitators and resources, which are necessary to allow sustainable reintegration. The main objective of this work was to review the available scientific evidence on returning to work after an absence due to common mental disorders, focusing on the worker's perspective, and seeking to identify both the facilitating factors and obstacles that affect return to work. The results reveal that the return to work process involves a complex interaction of barriers and facilitators that influence workers' experiences throughout the different phases of reintegration, from initial return to the sustainability of work participation. Among the most prominent barriers are the lack of appropriate accommodations in the work environment, the stigma associated with mental health conditions and the absence of structured support. On the contrary, the most relevant facilitators include the adaptation of tasks and schedules, social support from supervisors and colleagues, and clear and effective communication. In conclusion, the results of this study emphasize the importance of a comprehensive approach that considers both work and personal aspects to effectively support workers with common mental disorders in their return to work and sustainability.
Common mental disorders represent one of the main causes of work absenteeism with a significant impact on both workers and organizations. Return to work due to these disorders being a complex process that requires a comprehensive approach to address the barriers, facilitators and resources, which are necessary to allow sustainable reintegration. The main objective of this work was to review the available scientific evidence on returning to work after an absence due to common mental disorders, focusing on the worker's perspective, and seeking to identify both the facilitating factors and obstacles that affect return to work. The results reveal that the return to work process involves a complex interaction of barriers and facilitators that influence workers' experiences throughout the different phases of reintegration, from initial return to the sustainability of work participation. Among the most prominent barriers are the lack of appropriate accommodations in the work environment, the stigma associated with mental health conditions and the absence of structured support. On the contrary, the most relevant facilitators include the adaptation of tasks and schedules, social support from supervisors and colleagues, and clear and effective communication. In conclusion, the results of this study emphasize the importance of a comprehensive approach that considers both work and personal aspects to effectively support workers with common mental disorders in their return to work and sustainability.
Direction
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Tutorships)
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Tutorships)
Court
Mirón Redondo, María Lourdes (Chairman)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Secretary)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Member)
Mirón Redondo, María Lourdes (Chairman)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Secretary)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Member)
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder in the Perinatal Period: assessment, prevalence and course
Authorship
M.B.T.
Psychology
M.B.T.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is characterized by obsessions and compulsions that generate prominent levels of distress and interference. The perinatal period is particularly vulnerable for its onset, as it involves important biological and psychosocial changes. This systematic review aims to analyze the assessment, prevalence and course of OCD during the perinatal period. To this end, a search was carried out in PsycINFO, Pubmed and Web of Science. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, the articles found were screened and 15 studies were finally selected for analysis. The results showed a high use of general psychopathological assessment instruments (12 studies), such as the MINI or the SCL-90-R. In comparison, specific instruments to assess obsessive-compulsive symptomatology were less used, both in general population (five studies), using scales such as the YBOCS, and in the perinatal population (two studies), using scales such as the POCS. The diagnostic prevalence in the perinatal period was 8,2% and symptomatologic prevalence ranged from 9,8% to 60,8%. During pregnancy, diagnostic prevalence ranged from 2,9% to 11,4% and symptomatologic prevalence from 6,4% to 39,5%. In postpartum, diagnostic prevalence ranged from 3,3% to 14% and symptomatologic prevalence ranged from 10,9% to 17,1%. Regarding the course, results are heterogeneous. During pregnancy, some studies report a worsening, while others highlight a progressive improvement. In the postpartum period, an increase in prevalence is observed in the first months, which subsequently tends to progressively improve. It is concluded that there is no standardized use of instruments to assess OCD in the perinatal period, with a predominance of general psychopathology instruments and the MINI being the most widely used. Regarding the course of the disorder, the available data is insufficient and contradictory, mainly due to the lack of longitudinal studies. These results are in line with previous systematic reviews and suggest the need for further research on the diagnosis of OCD in the perinatal period.
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is characterized by obsessions and compulsions that generate prominent levels of distress and interference. The perinatal period is particularly vulnerable for its onset, as it involves important biological and psychosocial changes. This systematic review aims to analyze the assessment, prevalence and course of OCD during the perinatal period. To this end, a search was carried out in PsycINFO, Pubmed and Web of Science. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, the articles found were screened and 15 studies were finally selected for analysis. The results showed a high use of general psychopathological assessment instruments (12 studies), such as the MINI or the SCL-90-R. In comparison, specific instruments to assess obsessive-compulsive symptomatology were less used, both in general population (five studies), using scales such as the YBOCS, and in the perinatal population (two studies), using scales such as the POCS. The diagnostic prevalence in the perinatal period was 8,2% and symptomatologic prevalence ranged from 9,8% to 60,8%. During pregnancy, diagnostic prevalence ranged from 2,9% to 11,4% and symptomatologic prevalence from 6,4% to 39,5%. In postpartum, diagnostic prevalence ranged from 3,3% to 14% and symptomatologic prevalence ranged from 10,9% to 17,1%. Regarding the course, results are heterogeneous. During pregnancy, some studies report a worsening, while others highlight a progressive improvement. In the postpartum period, an increase in prevalence is observed in the first months, which subsequently tends to progressively improve. It is concluded that there is no standardized use of instruments to assess OCD in the perinatal period, with a predominance of general psychopathology instruments and the MINI being the most widely used. Regarding the course of the disorder, the available data is insufficient and contradictory, mainly due to the lack of longitudinal studies. These results are in line with previous systematic reviews and suggest the need for further research on the diagnosis of OCD in the perinatal period.
Direction
Míguez Varela, María del Carmen (Tutorships)
Míguez Varela, María del Carmen (Tutorships)
Court
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Chairman)
GOMEZ FRAGUELA, Xosé Antón (Secretary)
JIMENEZ GARCIA, LUIS MIGUEL (Member)
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Chairman)
GOMEZ FRAGUELA, Xosé Antón (Secretary)
JIMENEZ GARCIA, LUIS MIGUEL (Member)
Influence of affective polarization and other collective action frameworks on the intention to participate in protests on March 8
Authorship
M.B.M.
Psychology
M.B.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Feminist mobilizations, particularly those held on International Women’s Day (8M), have driven a series of social advances in the struggle for gender equality. For this reason, the present study aims to analyze the psychosocial factors that motivate and guide participation in this type of collective action. Through a questionnaire completed by a sample of 186 Galician women aged between 18 and 65, the influence of perceived injustice, perceived efficacy, identity, past participation, and affective polarization on the intention to engage in both conventional and non-conventional forms of collective action was examined. Based on this framework, three specific objectives and their corresponding hypotheses were formulated. The results revealed statistically significant associations between several of the studied dimensions, most notably cognitive injustice, collective identity, and affective polarization. Furthermore, the ANOVA analysis indicated that the level of past participation in 8M demonstrations is a key dimension for understanding what drives individuals to take part in protest contexts.
Feminist mobilizations, particularly those held on International Women’s Day (8M), have driven a series of social advances in the struggle for gender equality. For this reason, the present study aims to analyze the psychosocial factors that motivate and guide participation in this type of collective action. Through a questionnaire completed by a sample of 186 Galician women aged between 18 and 65, the influence of perceived injustice, perceived efficacy, identity, past participation, and affective polarization on the intention to engage in both conventional and non-conventional forms of collective action was examined. Based on this framework, three specific objectives and their corresponding hypotheses were formulated. The results revealed statistically significant associations between several of the studied dimensions, most notably cognitive injustice, collective identity, and affective polarization. Furthermore, the ANOVA analysis indicated that the level of past participation in 8M demonstrations is a key dimension for understanding what drives individuals to take part in protest contexts.
Direction
PICON PRADO, EDUARDO (Tutorships)
PICON PRADO, EDUARDO (Tutorships)
Court
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Chairman)
Cadaveira Mahía, Fernando (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Chairman)
Cadaveira Mahía, Fernando (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
Individual differences in decision-making
Authorship
E.B.L.
Psychology
E.B.L.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Alexithymia and interoception play a key role in the processing and interpretation of emotional experiences and stimuli, and even though historically they have been conceptualized as two sides of the same coin, they are now understood as two independent personality traits. An interoception moderation role has been found on alexithymia effects, both on anxiety symptoms and on the appearance of the cognitive bias known as risk aversion. Based on the postulates of dual-process theories, that differentiate between two types of cognitive processes, one fast, intuitive and emotionally guided, and another one slow, deliberate and rational, and the power that emotions have to determine which kind of process influences our judgment and decision-making, this work aims to deepen into the role that alexithymia and interoception play in decision-making. For that purpose, it has been studied how responses to a moral dilemma and a causal inference task differ depending on the level of these personality traits. Results didn´t show the expected moderation effects, however, moral judgments showed a significant correlation to both alexithymia and interoception, and utilitarism was linked to a more precise causal judgement.
Alexithymia and interoception play a key role in the processing and interpretation of emotional experiences and stimuli, and even though historically they have been conceptualized as two sides of the same coin, they are now understood as two independent personality traits. An interoception moderation role has been found on alexithymia effects, both on anxiety symptoms and on the appearance of the cognitive bias known as risk aversion. Based on the postulates of dual-process theories, that differentiate between two types of cognitive processes, one fast, intuitive and emotionally guided, and another one slow, deliberate and rational, and the power that emotions have to determine which kind of process influences our judgment and decision-making, this work aims to deepen into the role that alexithymia and interoception play in decision-making. For that purpose, it has been studied how responses to a moral dilemma and a causal inference task differ depending on the level of these personality traits. Results didn´t show the expected moderation effects, however, moral judgments showed a significant correlation to both alexithymia and interoception, and utilitarism was linked to a more precise causal judgement.
Direction
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Tutorships)
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Tutorships)
Court
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Chairman)
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Secretary)
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Member)
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Chairman)
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Secretary)
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Member)
Quantitative study on the perception of violence and sexual consent among the university population
Authorship
L.B.V.
Psychology
L.B.V.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Sexual violence is a social and public health problem that has increased in recent years, especially among the youth population. This situation has led to the development of various public policies, notably the Organic Law 10/2022 on the comprehensive guarantee of sexual freedom. This regulation introduced the concept of sexual consent as a key element in assessing the commission of a sexual offense, although there is no consensus on its definition in legal and scientific fields. In this context, the present research aims to explore university students’ perceptions and attitudes regarding violence and sexual consent. The study involved 179 students (149 women and 30 men), aged between 18 and 28, selected through accidental sampling. Data collection was carried out via an online questionnaire disseminated through social media, with voluntary participation and informed consent. Participants were classified into two groups based on their sexual experience. Those who reported having sexual experience completed the external and internal sexual consent scales, as well as the scale of acceptance of modern myths about sexual aggression; those without such experience answered only the latter. The results showed significant differences between men and women in the expression of external and internal consent. Likewise, a higher acceptance of myths about sexual aggression was identified among heterosexual individuals compared to bisexual individuals. These findings highlight the importance of understanding how university students perceive sexual consent and the need to strengthen prevention strategies.
Sexual violence is a social and public health problem that has increased in recent years, especially among the youth population. This situation has led to the development of various public policies, notably the Organic Law 10/2022 on the comprehensive guarantee of sexual freedom. This regulation introduced the concept of sexual consent as a key element in assessing the commission of a sexual offense, although there is no consensus on its definition in legal and scientific fields. In this context, the present research aims to explore university students’ perceptions and attitudes regarding violence and sexual consent. The study involved 179 students (149 women and 30 men), aged between 18 and 28, selected through accidental sampling. Data collection was carried out via an online questionnaire disseminated through social media, with voluntary participation and informed consent. Participants were classified into two groups based on their sexual experience. Those who reported having sexual experience completed the external and internal sexual consent scales, as well as the scale of acceptance of modern myths about sexual aggression; those without such experience answered only the latter. The results showed significant differences between men and women in the expression of external and internal consent. Likewise, a higher acceptance of myths about sexual aggression was identified among heterosexual individuals compared to bisexual individuals. These findings highlight the importance of understanding how university students perceive sexual consent and the need to strengthen prevention strategies.
Direction
Novo Pérez, Mercedes (Tutorships)
Novo Pérez, Mercedes (Tutorships)
Court
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Chairman)
PICON PRADO, EDUARDO (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Chairman)
PICON PRADO, EDUARDO (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
Psychological Impact on Victims of Sexual Violence
Authorship
I.B.C.
Psychology
I.B.C.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:00
07.07.2025 10:00
Summary
Sexual violence is understood as any non-consensual sexual act, encompassing a wide variety of events. Currently, it is a global problem, as between 12% and 25% of women report being victims of this violence. This entails serious short- and long-term physical and psychological consequences, with this type of act having more mental consequences than other traumas. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to analyze the psychological impact and the areas affected as a result of experiencing sexual violence. Furthermore, the profile of victims and aggressors was analyzed, along with the characteristics of the event. To this end, a sample of 86 university participants was used, who were administered an ad hoc questionnaire on various issues related to the field of sexual violence. The results showed significant differences in symptoms such as sleep problems, difficulty making decisions, or enjoying activities, when comparing the group that had experienced sexual violence with those that had not. Furthermore, it was found that experiencing sexual violence is associated with experiencing psychological damage. Additionally, regarding the sex of the victim and the aggressor, it was found that the victim is usually female and the aggressor male. Despite the study's limitations, it is concluded that further research is needed on this issue and its real impact on victims, in order to offer a therapeutic approach tailored to their needs.
Sexual violence is understood as any non-consensual sexual act, encompassing a wide variety of events. Currently, it is a global problem, as between 12% and 25% of women report being victims of this violence. This entails serious short- and long-term physical and psychological consequences, with this type of act having more mental consequences than other traumas. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to analyze the psychological impact and the areas affected as a result of experiencing sexual violence. Furthermore, the profile of victims and aggressors was analyzed, along with the characteristics of the event. To this end, a sample of 86 university participants was used, who were administered an ad hoc questionnaire on various issues related to the field of sexual violence. The results showed significant differences in symptoms such as sleep problems, difficulty making decisions, or enjoying activities, when comparing the group that had experienced sexual violence with those that had not. Furthermore, it was found that experiencing sexual violence is associated with experiencing psychological damage. Additionally, regarding the sex of the victim and the aggressor, it was found that the victim is usually female and the aggressor male. Despite the study's limitations, it is concluded that further research is needed on this issue and its real impact on victims, in order to offer a therapeutic approach tailored to their needs.
Direction
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Tutorships)
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Tutorships)
Court
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Student’s tutor)
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Student’s tutor)
Parking the trolley. The Foreign Language Effect on moral decision making: a systematic review
Authorship
I.B.G.
Psychology
I.B.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Research on bilinguals reports an increased tendency to embrace utilitarian choices when moral dilemmas are presented in a second language, which is known as the Foreign Language Effect (FLE). This review gathers the main findings concerning such phenomenon, aiming to analyze its moderating factors and putative underlying mechanisms. An exhaustive search was conducted via Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science and PsycINFO. This led to the inclusion of 19 papers, published between April 2014 and February 2025, which compare the choices made on moral dilemmas that were elicited in participants’ first and second languages. Studies showed that scenarios where direct personal force is required (e. g., pushing a man towards a runaway trolley in order to save five people) predict FLE, though not consistently so. The effect is broadly attenuated when L2 proficiency and context of use are similar to those of L1, which might underline the role that language plays when accessing social and cultural moral norms.
Research on bilinguals reports an increased tendency to embrace utilitarian choices when moral dilemmas are presented in a second language, which is known as the Foreign Language Effect (FLE). This review gathers the main findings concerning such phenomenon, aiming to analyze its moderating factors and putative underlying mechanisms. An exhaustive search was conducted via Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science and PsycINFO. This led to the inclusion of 19 papers, published between April 2014 and February 2025, which compare the choices made on moral dilemmas that were elicited in participants’ first and second languages. Studies showed that scenarios where direct personal force is required (e. g., pushing a man towards a runaway trolley in order to save five people) predict FLE, though not consistently so. The effect is broadly attenuated when L2 proficiency and context of use are similar to those of L1, which might underline the role that language plays when accessing social and cultural moral norms.
Direction
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Tutorships)
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Tutorships)
Court
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Chairman)
Sampedro Vizcaya, María José (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Member)
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Chairman)
Sampedro Vizcaya, María José (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Member)
Alcohol and emotional regulation
Authorship
L.C.C.
Psychology
L.C.C.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Heavy alcohol consumption is a serious health problem, especially in the university population. Findings from various studies indicated that difficulties with emotional regulation and related factors, such as alexithymia, impulsivity, and emotional coping, played a fundamental role in the development and maintenance of alcohol consumption. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between emotional regulation and heavy alcohol consumption, as well as the psychological factors involved in this relationship. A search was conducted in the PubMed and Web of Science databases on March 19, 2025, selecting empirical articles focused on university students. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 16 articles were reviewed. The results showed that difficulties with emotional regulation were a strong risk factor for alcohol consumption. Impulsivity and difficulty maintaining emotional goals were associated with risky drinking and more episodes of intoxication. Other psychological factors, such as anxiety, were also linked to consumption, primarily through emotional coping motives. In conclusion, the evidence presented in this study reinforced the idea that emotional regulation and associated psychological factors were key to the prevention and treatment of heavy alcohol use.
Heavy alcohol consumption is a serious health problem, especially in the university population. Findings from various studies indicated that difficulties with emotional regulation and related factors, such as alexithymia, impulsivity, and emotional coping, played a fundamental role in the development and maintenance of alcohol consumption. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between emotional regulation and heavy alcohol consumption, as well as the psychological factors involved in this relationship. A search was conducted in the PubMed and Web of Science databases on March 19, 2025, selecting empirical articles focused on university students. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 16 articles were reviewed. The results showed that difficulties with emotional regulation were a strong risk factor for alcohol consumption. Impulsivity and difficulty maintaining emotional goals were associated with risky drinking and more episodes of intoxication. Other psychological factors, such as anxiety, were also linked to consumption, primarily through emotional coping motives. In conclusion, the evidence presented in this study reinforced the idea that emotional regulation and associated psychological factors were key to the prevention and treatment of heavy alcohol use.
Direction
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Tutorships)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Tutorships)
Court
CUTRIN MOSTEIRO, OLALLA (Chairman)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Secretary)
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Member)
CUTRIN MOSTEIRO, OLALLA (Chairman)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Secretary)
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Member)
Effectiveness of virtual reality techniques for the treatment of chronic pain
Authorship
A.C.P.
Psychology
A.C.P.
Psychology
Defense date
02.13.2025 10:30
02.13.2025 10:30
Summary
Chronic pain affects the quality of life of those who suffer from it, not only due to the limitations associated with pain and comorbid symptoms, but also because it affects social relationships and work status. There are numerous forms of treatment, but lately virtual reality (VR) is on the rise, as it provides the ability to recreate pain experiences more easily, as well as a distraction factor that helps the patient better cope with the pain situation. This systematic review focuses on analyzing the effectiveness of VR techniques to treat chronic pain. For this purpose, a search was carried out in the PsychInfo and PubMed databases, with which 10 articles were selected based on the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. The work was carried out following the PRISMA methodology, and the risk of bias of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane tool for randomized trials. The mayority of the results obtained showed that, in general, and despite the heterogeneity of the procedures used, VR is effective in treating chronic pain, achieving a reduction in the intensity of the participants' pain. The chronic pain condition with the best results was low back pain, while for fibromyalgia, VR was not effective. The evidence obtained is robust since the risk of bias of the studies was low, except for the blind condition, which is difficult to achieve given the nature of the intervention. In conclusion, VR appears effective in treating chronic pain. However, it would be important, for future research, to have a standardized procedure that would allow more generalizable and comparable conclusions between studies to be drawn.
Chronic pain affects the quality of life of those who suffer from it, not only due to the limitations associated with pain and comorbid symptoms, but also because it affects social relationships and work status. There are numerous forms of treatment, but lately virtual reality (VR) is on the rise, as it provides the ability to recreate pain experiences more easily, as well as a distraction factor that helps the patient better cope with the pain situation. This systematic review focuses on analyzing the effectiveness of VR techniques to treat chronic pain. For this purpose, a search was carried out in the PsychInfo and PubMed databases, with which 10 articles were selected based on the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. The work was carried out following the PRISMA methodology, and the risk of bias of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane tool for randomized trials. The mayority of the results obtained showed that, in general, and despite the heterogeneity of the procedures used, VR is effective in treating chronic pain, achieving a reduction in the intensity of the participants' pain. The chronic pain condition with the best results was low back pain, while for fibromyalgia, VR was not effective. The evidence obtained is robust since the risk of bias of the studies was low, except for the blind condition, which is difficult to achieve given the nature of the intervention. In conclusion, VR appears effective in treating chronic pain. However, it would be important, for future research, to have a standardized procedure that would allow more generalizable and comparable conclusions between studies to be drawn.
Direction
Carrillo De la Peña, María Teresa (Tutorships)
Carrillo De la Peña, María Teresa (Tutorships)
Court
PONTE FERNANDEZ, DOLORES (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
PONTE FERNANDEZ, DOLORES (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
Strategic teaching aimed at students with learning difficulties.
Authorship
A.C.M.
Psychology
A.C.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 12:00
07.07.2025 12:00
Summary
The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of strategic teaching on the learning of students with reading and math difficulties, through a systematic review of studies published between 2000 and 2024. It is based on the recognition that these difficulties constitute one of the main challenges of the education system, as they affect not only academic performance but also the personal, emotional, and social development of students. To address this issue, 12 studies were reviewed that implemented structured, explicit instructional interventions tailored to the needs of these students. The results reflect a general improvement in students' academic performance. In the area of reading, strategies such as peer tutoring and collaborative strategic reading stood out, showing positive effects on reading comprehension, especially in students with difficulties. In addition, progress was observed in phonological skills, reading accuracy, and vocabulary acquisition through multi-component programs that combine explicit teaching and systematic practice. In mathematics, the most effective interventions combined teacher modeling, guided practice, visual aids, technological support resources, and metacognitive strategies. Programs such as Solve It! or the concrete-representational-abstract approach showed progress in both operational fluency and conceptual understanding. Overall, it is concluded that strategic interventions promote deeper, more autonomous, and more equitable learning. However, methodological limitations are noted, such as the use of small samples or the limited evaluation of variables such as motivation and self-regulation, which are key aspects to consider in future research.
The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of strategic teaching on the learning of students with reading and math difficulties, through a systematic review of studies published between 2000 and 2024. It is based on the recognition that these difficulties constitute one of the main challenges of the education system, as they affect not only academic performance but also the personal, emotional, and social development of students. To address this issue, 12 studies were reviewed that implemented structured, explicit instructional interventions tailored to the needs of these students. The results reflect a general improvement in students' academic performance. In the area of reading, strategies such as peer tutoring and collaborative strategic reading stood out, showing positive effects on reading comprehension, especially in students with difficulties. In addition, progress was observed in phonological skills, reading accuracy, and vocabulary acquisition through multi-component programs that combine explicit teaching and systematic practice. In mathematics, the most effective interventions combined teacher modeling, guided practice, visual aids, technological support resources, and metacognitive strategies. Programs such as Solve It! or the concrete-representational-abstract approach showed progress in both operational fluency and conceptual understanding. Overall, it is concluded that strategic interventions promote deeper, more autonomous, and more equitable learning. However, methodological limitations are noted, such as the use of small samples or the limited evaluation of variables such as motivation and self-regulation, which are key aspects to consider in future research.
Direction
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Tutorships)
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Tutorships)
Court
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Student’s tutor)
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Student’s tutor)
Evaluation of socio-emotional difficulties according to the severity of Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authorship
S.C.C.
Psychology
S.C.C.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 11:00
07.07.2025 11:00
Summary
This study analyzes the differences in the socio-emotional behaviors of boys and girls with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) based on the level of support associated with the diagnosis. ASD is characterized by deficits in social interaction, communication, and the presence of repetitive behavior patterns, and it is classified into three levels according to the required support. The research explores key aspects such as social interaction, communication, emotional regulation, and social adaptation, all of which are affected to varying degrees depending on the severity of ASD. To understand these differences, three theoretical frameworks are considered: Theory of Mind, Central Coherence Theory, and Executive Function Deficit Theory. These perspectives help identify more effective intervention strategies tailored to the different levels of support. The study is based on a systematized review of scientific literature published over the last ten years to analyze the correlation between ASD severity and socio-emotional difficulties. The results suggest a positive relationship between the level of support and the degree of socio-emotional challenges, highlighting the need for differentiated intervention approaches. As an original contribution, a questionnaire was designed for caregivers of children with ASD to assess socio-emotional difficulties according to the level of required support. It consists of 20 items distributed across four key areas and has been validated by experts, who highlighted its usefulness and suggested improvements. This tool complements the theoretical framework and has practical applications in clinical, educational, and family settings.
This study analyzes the differences in the socio-emotional behaviors of boys and girls with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) based on the level of support associated with the diagnosis. ASD is characterized by deficits in social interaction, communication, and the presence of repetitive behavior patterns, and it is classified into three levels according to the required support. The research explores key aspects such as social interaction, communication, emotional regulation, and social adaptation, all of which are affected to varying degrees depending on the severity of ASD. To understand these differences, three theoretical frameworks are considered: Theory of Mind, Central Coherence Theory, and Executive Function Deficit Theory. These perspectives help identify more effective intervention strategies tailored to the different levels of support. The study is based on a systematized review of scientific literature published over the last ten years to analyze the correlation between ASD severity and socio-emotional difficulties. The results suggest a positive relationship between the level of support and the degree of socio-emotional challenges, highlighting the need for differentiated intervention approaches. As an original contribution, a questionnaire was designed for caregivers of children with ASD to assess socio-emotional difficulties according to the level of required support. It consists of 20 items distributed across four key areas and has been validated by experts, who highlighted its usefulness and suggested improvements. This tool complements the theoretical framework and has practical applications in clinical, educational, and family settings.
Direction
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Tutorships)
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Tutorships)
Court
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Student’s tutor)
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Student’s tutor)
Adjustment difficulties on adopted children: manifestation of behavioral issues and risk factors
Authorship
S.C.C.
Psychology
S.C.C.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
The aim of this project is to conduct a literature review of existing studies on the behavioral development of adopted children. As well as the pre- and post-adoptive risk and protective factors on their psychosocial adjustment. The research was conducted in the PsycInfo database and resulted in a total of 99 articles, which were ultimately reduced to 16 after a thorough review. The selected studies include both longitudinal and crossectional designs and generally use standardized instruments, parent-reported questionnaires are the most frequently employed. The research indicates that adopted children show behavioral problems, both internalizing and externalizing, more frequently than the general population. These difficulties are mainly related to pre-adoptive adverse experiences such as abuse, neglect, or prolonged institutionalization. Findings also show that various post-adoptive factors, such as warm parenting and an authoritative parenting style within the adoptive family environment, are associated with better behavioral and emotional adjustment. The interaction between these different variables largely determines the child’s long-term development. Ultimately, these findings highlight the importance of designing interventions that support adopted children and adoptive families from a preventive and psychoeducational perspective.
The aim of this project is to conduct a literature review of existing studies on the behavioral development of adopted children. As well as the pre- and post-adoptive risk and protective factors on their psychosocial adjustment. The research was conducted in the PsycInfo database and resulted in a total of 99 articles, which were ultimately reduced to 16 after a thorough review. The selected studies include both longitudinal and crossectional designs and generally use standardized instruments, parent-reported questionnaires are the most frequently employed. The research indicates that adopted children show behavioral problems, both internalizing and externalizing, more frequently than the general population. These difficulties are mainly related to pre-adoptive adverse experiences such as abuse, neglect, or prolonged institutionalization. Findings also show that various post-adoptive factors, such as warm parenting and an authoritative parenting style within the adoptive family environment, are associated with better behavioral and emotional adjustment. The interaction between these different variables largely determines the child’s long-term development. Ultimately, these findings highlight the importance of designing interventions that support adopted children and adoptive families from a preventive and psychoeducational perspective.
Direction
CASTRO BALSA, MARIA JOSEFA (Tutorships)
Villar García, Eva (Co-tutorships)
CASTRO BALSA, MARIA JOSEFA (Tutorships)
Villar García, Eva (Co-tutorships)
Court
CASTRO BALSA, MARIA JOSEFA (Student’s tutor)
Villar García, Eva (Student’s tutor)
CASTRO BALSA, MARIA JOSEFA (Student’s tutor)
Villar García, Eva (Student’s tutor)
Interventions to prevent the abusive use of the Internet in adolescents
Authorship
T.C.A.
Psychology
T.C.A.
Psychology
Defense date
02.13.2025 10:30
02.13.2025 10:30
Summary
Internet abuse has increased significantly in the adolescent age group, giving rise to concerns about its repercussions. In view of this situation, there is a need to implement preventive programmes that address this problem at an early stage. The aim of this paper is to analyse the existence of programmes designed to prevent Internet addiction in adolescents and to obtain information on their effectiveness. For this purpose, a systematic review was carried out in three databases, identifying nine articles that met the defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. According to the results obtained, most of the studies reviewed indicate that preventive programmes are effective in reducing Internet misuse, abuse or addiction in adolescents, with eight of the nine programmes reviewed showing positive results. Furthermore, several of these studies incorporate additional variables such as social skills, mental health, academic motivation and self-regulation, also showing positive effects in these areas. Therefore, it is concluded that a preventive treatment of this phenomenon is possible and that the preventive programmes implemented so far are useful to prevent the development of Internet addiction in adolescents.
Internet abuse has increased significantly in the adolescent age group, giving rise to concerns about its repercussions. In view of this situation, there is a need to implement preventive programmes that address this problem at an early stage. The aim of this paper is to analyse the existence of programmes designed to prevent Internet addiction in adolescents and to obtain information on their effectiveness. For this purpose, a systematic review was carried out in three databases, identifying nine articles that met the defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. According to the results obtained, most of the studies reviewed indicate that preventive programmes are effective in reducing Internet misuse, abuse or addiction in adolescents, with eight of the nine programmes reviewed showing positive results. Furthermore, several of these studies incorporate additional variables such as social skills, mental health, academic motivation and self-regulation, also showing positive effects in these areas. Therefore, it is concluded that a preventive treatment of this phenomenon is possible and that the preventive programmes implemented so far are useful to prevent the development of Internet addiction in adolescents.
Direction
CUTRIN MOSTEIRO, OLALLA (Tutorships)
CUTRIN MOSTEIRO, OLALLA (Tutorships)
Court
PONTE FERNANDEZ, DOLORES (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
PONTE FERNANDEZ, DOLORES (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
Effects of cannabis on memory and attention in young consumers
Authorship
I.C.C.
Psychology
I.C.C.
Psychology
Defense date
02.13.2025 10:30
02.13.2025 10:30
Summary
Introduction: Cannabis is the most widely used illegal drug among adolescents in Spain. Early use produces changes in the structure and development of the brain, which has not yet completed its maturation, thus adolescence is a particularly vulnerable period. Objective: To identify and describe the effects of cannabis use on cognitive functions related to attention and memory in a population of adolescents and young adults. Method: A systematic literature review was carried out during November and December 2024. Eligibility criteria and search terms were defined, and the search began in the Web of Science, Dialnet, PubMed and Cochrane databases. After the search, 8 studies were selected to be included in the review. Results: Both memory and attention are impaired by cannabis use during adolescence. Episodic memory, verbal memory, selective attention and sustained attention show a poorer performance. However, the alerting system appeared to improve in the cannabis users, along with the processing speed. After a period of abstinence, the adolescent brain may be able to recover memory functions, but attention might require more time. Conclusions: More longitudinal studies are needed to investigate brain functioning under the influence of cannabis over time. Further research is also required to understand cannabis effects separately from alcohol and tobacco use, as these substances are frequently consumed alongside cannabis.
Introduction: Cannabis is the most widely used illegal drug among adolescents in Spain. Early use produces changes in the structure and development of the brain, which has not yet completed its maturation, thus adolescence is a particularly vulnerable period. Objective: To identify and describe the effects of cannabis use on cognitive functions related to attention and memory in a population of adolescents and young adults. Method: A systematic literature review was carried out during November and December 2024. Eligibility criteria and search terms were defined, and the search began in the Web of Science, Dialnet, PubMed and Cochrane databases. After the search, 8 studies were selected to be included in the review. Results: Both memory and attention are impaired by cannabis use during adolescence. Episodic memory, verbal memory, selective attention and sustained attention show a poorer performance. However, the alerting system appeared to improve in the cannabis users, along with the processing speed. After a period of abstinence, the adolescent brain may be able to recover memory functions, but attention might require more time. Conclusions: More longitudinal studies are needed to investigate brain functioning under the influence of cannabis over time. Further research is also required to understand cannabis effects separately from alcohol and tobacco use, as these substances are frequently consumed alongside cannabis.
Direction
Cadaveira Mahía, Fernando (Tutorships)
Cadaveira Mahía, Fernando (Tutorships)
Court
PONTE FERNANDEZ, DOLORES (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
PONTE FERNANDEZ, DOLORES (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
Relationship between social media use and anxiety-depressive problems in children and adolescents
Authorship
A.J.C.G.
Psychology
A.J.C.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Given the increasing use of social media (SM) and its potential for addiction, significant concern has arisen regarding its effects on the mental health of young people, who are at a critical stage of emotional and social development. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to determine the nature of the relationship between anxious-depressive symptomatology and social media use among children and adolescents. Five databases were consulted (MedLine, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science), resulting in the selection of 26 studies published between 2014 and 2024 that included child and adolescent populations. The findings reveal a significant association between problematic use of these digital platforms and increased symptoms of depression and anxiety. Notably, the type of interaction on social media (active versus passive use), lived experiences, and social comparisons are key factors influencing young people's perception and emotional well-being. Additionally, psychological variables such as self-esteem, emotional intelligence, self- compassion, and rumination serve as mediators and/or moderators in this relationship. In conclusion, this systematic review underscores the importance of implementing prevention and intervention strategies focused on the mental health of the child and adolescent population. Such interventions should address not only the risks associated with problematic social media use but also promote healthy use of these platforms, particularly among youth already exhibiting anxious-depressive symptoms. Based on these findings, the need to further investigate this issue is emphasized, including the development of theoretical models to explain the underlying mechanisms and promoting a comprehensive approach that considers both the positive and negative aspects of social media use.
Given the increasing use of social media (SM) and its potential for addiction, significant concern has arisen regarding its effects on the mental health of young people, who are at a critical stage of emotional and social development. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to determine the nature of the relationship between anxious-depressive symptomatology and social media use among children and adolescents. Five databases were consulted (MedLine, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science), resulting in the selection of 26 studies published between 2014 and 2024 that included child and adolescent populations. The findings reveal a significant association between problematic use of these digital platforms and increased symptoms of depression and anxiety. Notably, the type of interaction on social media (active versus passive use), lived experiences, and social comparisons are key factors influencing young people's perception and emotional well-being. Additionally, psychological variables such as self-esteem, emotional intelligence, self- compassion, and rumination serve as mediators and/or moderators in this relationship. In conclusion, this systematic review underscores the importance of implementing prevention and intervention strategies focused on the mental health of the child and adolescent population. Such interventions should address not only the risks associated with problematic social media use but also promote healthy use of these platforms, particularly among youth already exhibiting anxious-depressive symptoms. Based on these findings, the need to further investigate this issue is emphasized, including the development of theoretical models to explain the underlying mechanisms and promoting a comprehensive approach that considers both the positive and negative aspects of social media use.
Direction
ROMERO TRIÑANES, ESTRELLA (Tutorships)
ROMERO TRIÑANES, ESTRELLA (Tutorships)
Court
Alzate García, Mónica (Chairman)
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Secretary)
CORRAL VARELA, MARIA MONTSERRAT (Member)
Alzate García, Mónica (Chairman)
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Secretary)
CORRAL VARELA, MARIA MONTSERRAT (Member)
Addiction to Social Media: A Literature Review
Authorship
A.C.P.
Psychology
A.C.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 11:00
07.07.2025 11:00
Summary
The use of social media has become deeply integrated into everyday life, particularly among adolescents and young adults, leading to new forms of interaction but also significant risks to mental health. Social media addiction (SMA) is understood as a pattern of compulsive and uncontrolled use that negatively affects psychological well-being, social relationships, and academic performance. The studies reviewed in this work agree that factors such as the pursuit of immediate gratification, loneliness, stress, and poor emotional regulation play key roles in the development of SMA. Significant correlations have also been found with symptoms of anxiety, aggression, and psychological distress, especially in contexts such as the COVID-19 lockdown. Adolescence, a stage of high brain plasticity, is especially vulnerable to these behaviors due to increased sensitivity to social rewards and prolonged exposure to digital platforms. From a psychometric perspective, specific tools have been validated to assess this type of addiction, such as the ARS scale and the BSMAS, which have shown reliability across diverse cultural contexts. Current evidence highlights the need for preventive strategies, educational programs for responsible use, and therapeutic approaches focused on digital balance, emotional self-regulation, and the strengthening of personal and social protective factors.
The use of social media has become deeply integrated into everyday life, particularly among adolescents and young adults, leading to new forms of interaction but also significant risks to mental health. Social media addiction (SMA) is understood as a pattern of compulsive and uncontrolled use that negatively affects psychological well-being, social relationships, and academic performance. The studies reviewed in this work agree that factors such as the pursuit of immediate gratification, loneliness, stress, and poor emotional regulation play key roles in the development of SMA. Significant correlations have also been found with symptoms of anxiety, aggression, and psychological distress, especially in contexts such as the COVID-19 lockdown. Adolescence, a stage of high brain plasticity, is especially vulnerable to these behaviors due to increased sensitivity to social rewards and prolonged exposure to digital platforms. From a psychometric perspective, specific tools have been validated to assess this type of addiction, such as the ARS scale and the BSMAS, which have shown reliability across diverse cultural contexts. Current evidence highlights the need for preventive strategies, educational programs for responsible use, and therapeutic approaches focused on digital balance, emotional self-regulation, and the strengthening of personal and social protective factors.
Direction
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Tutorships)
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Tutorships)
Court
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Student’s tutor)
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Student’s tutor)
Depth in art: Evolution and perceptual impact
Authorship
P.D.F.
Psychology
P.D.F.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Depth perception from two-dimensional images has accompanied visual art since its beginnings, standing out as one of the most striking perceptual phenomena. By means of various pictorial cues, art succeeds in evoking three-dimensionality on the flat surface. This raises a fundamental question for the psychology of perception: What are the mechanisms that make this visual experience possible? The main objective of this literature review is to analyze the existing literature on depth perception. To this end, several interrelated aspects are addressed, such as the specificity of this ability in humans compared to other species, its evolutionary development throughout childhood or the parallelism that the history of art has with phylogenetic evolution. Additionally, the possibility is raised that in the new artistic era, characterized by important technological advances in the world of video and image, new perceptual variables not yet explored in the field of academic psychology are introduced. It concludes with the need to promote the study from its foundations, in order to update the perceptual categories and respond to the new forms of visual interaction.
Depth perception from two-dimensional images has accompanied visual art since its beginnings, standing out as one of the most striking perceptual phenomena. By means of various pictorial cues, art succeeds in evoking three-dimensionality on the flat surface. This raises a fundamental question for the psychology of perception: What are the mechanisms that make this visual experience possible? The main objective of this literature review is to analyze the existing literature on depth perception. To this end, several interrelated aspects are addressed, such as the specificity of this ability in humans compared to other species, its evolutionary development throughout childhood or the parallelism that the history of art has with phylogenetic evolution. Additionally, the possibility is raised that in the new artistic era, characterized by important technological advances in the world of video and image, new perceptual variables not yet explored in the field of academic psychology are introduced. It concludes with the need to promote the study from its foundations, in order to update the perceptual categories and respond to the new forms of visual interaction.
Direction
BLANCO RIAL, MANUEL JOSE (Tutorships)
BLANCO RIAL, MANUEL JOSE (Tutorships)
Court
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Chairman)
PICON PRADO, EDUARDO (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Chairman)
PICON PRADO, EDUARDO (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
Pyschological intervention in fibromyalgia: A systematic review
Authorship
L.F.B.
Psychology
L.F.B.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a disease characterised by widespread musculoskeletal pain. It has a negative impact on the quality of life of the patients who suffer from it, which leads to the appearance of various psychological problems, such as depressive and anxious symptoms, which consequently often lead to the development of comorbid psychological disorders. All this, together with the unsatisfactory results of pharmacological treatments, lay the foundations fot the application of psychological intrventions that have an impact on these factors. As a consequence, there is a latent need for psychological interventions to address the psychological impact of FM. The aim of the present literature review focuses on analysing the level of efficacy of different types of psychological interventions applied to people suffering from FM. The psychotherapeutic modalities considered were: cognitive behavioural therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, attentional bias modification, attachment-based compassion therapy, personal construc therapy and EMDR therapy. The analysis of the results obtained in the different problems associated with FM, especially depressive symptomatology and poor quality of life. This finally highlights the importance of addressing theh psychological impact and, therefore, of continuing to ficus on its research.
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a disease characterised by widespread musculoskeletal pain. It has a negative impact on the quality of life of the patients who suffer from it, which leads to the appearance of various psychological problems, such as depressive and anxious symptoms, which consequently often lead to the development of comorbid psychological disorders. All this, together with the unsatisfactory results of pharmacological treatments, lay the foundations fot the application of psychological intrventions that have an impact on these factors. As a consequence, there is a latent need for psychological interventions to address the psychological impact of FM. The aim of the present literature review focuses on analysing the level of efficacy of different types of psychological interventions applied to people suffering from FM. The psychotherapeutic modalities considered were: cognitive behavioural therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, attentional bias modification, attachment-based compassion therapy, personal construc therapy and EMDR therapy. The analysis of the results obtained in the different problems associated with FM, especially depressive symptomatology and poor quality of life. This finally highlights the importance of addressing theh psychological impact and, therefore, of continuing to ficus on its research.
Direction
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Tutorships)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Tutorships)
Court
López Durán, Ana (Chairman)
ALCARAZ GARCIA, MIGUEL ANGEL (Secretary)
Carrillo De la Peña, María Teresa (Member)
López Durán, Ana (Chairman)
ALCARAZ GARCIA, MIGUEL ANGEL (Secretary)
Carrillo De la Peña, María Teresa (Member)
Psychological and sociodemographic variables preceding sustainable fashion consumption
Authorship
A.F.C.
Psychology
A.F.C.
Psychology
Defense date
02.13.2025 10:30
02.13.2025 10:30
Summary
This study aimed to analyze the psychological variables that predict sustainable consumption, with a specific focus on the fashion industry, one of the most polluting sectors due to the rise of fast fashion. Through a literature review in the PsycInfo and Web of Science databases, 19 studies were identified adressing key factors such as biospheric values, positive emotions, and social identity have been identified as playing a fundamental role in promoting responsible behaviors. The findings also highlight significant differences across generations and genders. While Generation Z prioritizes environmental benefits, Millennials tend to focus more on economic factors. Additionally, women show greater involvement in collaborative consumption. However, practical, economic, and social barriers continue to perpetuate the attitude-behavior gap. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the need for integrative and culturally tailored strategies to foster sustainable consumption. Although current research provides a solid foundation, limitations such as the predominance of studies conducted in Western contexts and the lack of longitudinal analyses present opportunities for future research.
This study aimed to analyze the psychological variables that predict sustainable consumption, with a specific focus on the fashion industry, one of the most polluting sectors due to the rise of fast fashion. Through a literature review in the PsycInfo and Web of Science databases, 19 studies were identified adressing key factors such as biospheric values, positive emotions, and social identity have been identified as playing a fundamental role in promoting responsible behaviors. The findings also highlight significant differences across generations and genders. While Generation Z prioritizes environmental benefits, Millennials tend to focus more on economic factors. Additionally, women show greater involvement in collaborative consumption. However, practical, economic, and social barriers continue to perpetuate the attitude-behavior gap. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the need for integrative and culturally tailored strategies to foster sustainable consumption. Although current research provides a solid foundation, limitations such as the predominance of studies conducted in Western contexts and the lack of longitudinal analyses present opportunities for future research.
Direction
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Tutorships)
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Tutorships)
Court
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Student’s tutor)
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Student’s tutor)
Grandiose Narcissism and Vulnerable Narcissism in Romantic Relationships: Expression, Dynamics and Violence
Authorship
C.C.F.F.
Psychology
C.C.F.F.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Grandiose narcissism (GN) and vulnerable narcissism (VN) are the two most widely scientifically recognized expressions of narcissism. However, they have not been studied to the same extent as narcissism as a general concept. The context of romantic relationships is no exception, even though Intimate Partner Violence is a concerning social issue with a rising prevalence. The aim of this literature review is to explore the role grandiose and vulnerable narcissism play in romantic relationships, paying special attention to violent behavior. To this end, a systematic review of the relevant literature published in the last ten years has been conducted, resulting in a comprehensive analysis of 15 articles. Results suggest that both GN and VN are associated with a higher likelihood of initiating conflicts within relationships and responding aggressively to them, but they differ in the emotional, cognitive, and motivational experience. Moreover, the type of negative consequences for the partner depends on the subtype. Regarding Intimate Partner Violence, VN predicts all of its manifestations, while the available data about NG can only confirm its predictive utility on psychological violence. It is also concluded that gender mediates these associations, although further research is needed to clarify its role. Therefore, it is relevant to distinguish between GN and VN when studying intimate partner relationships and the violence exercised within them. These dimensions could improve our understanding of narcissism in interpersonal relationships and help to develop prevention and intervention strategies to deal with Intimate Partner Violence.
Grandiose narcissism (GN) and vulnerable narcissism (VN) are the two most widely scientifically recognized expressions of narcissism. However, they have not been studied to the same extent as narcissism as a general concept. The context of romantic relationships is no exception, even though Intimate Partner Violence is a concerning social issue with a rising prevalence. The aim of this literature review is to explore the role grandiose and vulnerable narcissism play in romantic relationships, paying special attention to violent behavior. To this end, a systematic review of the relevant literature published in the last ten years has been conducted, resulting in a comprehensive analysis of 15 articles. Results suggest that both GN and VN are associated with a higher likelihood of initiating conflicts within relationships and responding aggressively to them, but they differ in the emotional, cognitive, and motivational experience. Moreover, the type of negative consequences for the partner depends on the subtype. Regarding Intimate Partner Violence, VN predicts all of its manifestations, while the available data about NG can only confirm its predictive utility on psychological violence. It is also concluded that gender mediates these associations, although further research is needed to clarify its role. Therefore, it is relevant to distinguish between GN and VN when studying intimate partner relationships and the violence exercised within them. These dimensions could improve our understanding of narcissism in interpersonal relationships and help to develop prevention and intervention strategies to deal with Intimate Partner Violence.
Direction
ROMERO TRIÑANES, ESTRELLA (Tutorships)
ROMERO TRIÑANES, ESTRELLA (Tutorships)
Court
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Chairman)
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Secretary)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Member)
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Chairman)
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Secretary)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Member)
Psychosocial factors in the reduction of meat consumption
Authorship
A.F.P.
Psychology
A.F.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 12:00
07.07.2025 12:00
Summary
Currently, climate change is one of the greatest threats facing society. One of the ways to mitigate the negative impacts of this problem is to reduce meat consumption in our diets, since it has been observed that vegetarian diets reduce on average 45% of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. For this reason, the main objective of this final degree project was to analyze whether the variables of health perception, moral obligation and pro-environmental identity were related to a tendency to reduce meat consumption. In addition, it was also proposed to compare the scores obtained in these variables between men and women. To do this, an online survey was carried out that covered a total of 188 participants (59 men and 125 women) with an average age of 27.84. The results obtained indicate that the variable moral obligation is related to a lower frequency of meat consumption. Likewise, differences were also observed in the scores between men and women for the variables health perception and moral obligation, showing the second highest scores. These results indicate that concern for animal welfare, as well as other ethical reasons, play an important role when maintaining a plant-based diet.
Currently, climate change is one of the greatest threats facing society. One of the ways to mitigate the negative impacts of this problem is to reduce meat consumption in our diets, since it has been observed that vegetarian diets reduce on average 45% of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. For this reason, the main objective of this final degree project was to analyze whether the variables of health perception, moral obligation and pro-environmental identity were related to a tendency to reduce meat consumption. In addition, it was also proposed to compare the scores obtained in these variables between men and women. To do this, an online survey was carried out that covered a total of 188 participants (59 men and 125 women) with an average age of 27.84. The results obtained indicate that the variable moral obligation is related to a lower frequency of meat consumption. Likewise, differences were also observed in the scores between men and women for the variables health perception and moral obligation, showing the second highest scores. These results indicate that concern for animal welfare, as well as other ethical reasons, play an important role when maintaining a plant-based diet.
Direction
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Tutorships)
VILA TOJO, SERGIO (Co-tutorships)
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Tutorships)
VILA TOJO, SERGIO (Co-tutorships)
Court
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Student’s tutor)
VILA TOJO, SERGIO (Student’s tutor)
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Student’s tutor)
VILA TOJO, SERGIO (Student’s tutor)
Family dynamics in same-sex families
Authorship
E.F.R.
Psychology
E.F.R.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 09:30
07.07.2025 09:30
Summary
Same-sex families are an increasingly present family model in society. Various studies have shown that this type of family faces different challenges and circumstances from those of heterosexual-parent families, resulting in family dynamics with its own unique characteristics. The aim of this study was to analyse scientific evidence from the last decade regarding the dimensions of family dynamics: impact in child’s development, parenting styles, parent-child relationship, and family communication, in order to identify differences between same-sex and heterosexual families. The methodology employed consisted of a literature review in the PsycINFO and Web of Science databases of studies published between 2015 and the present. The results of the review indicated that parent’s sexual orientation is not a relevant factor in child development and that gay and lesbian parents tend to use an authoritative parenting style. Additionally, the parent-child relationship was found to be of good quality, though it may be affected by the timing of the disclosure of parental sexual orientation and by experiences of recent homophobic microaggressions. In terms of communication, various topics were investigated, and different approaches were observed, with normalization and openness being predominant. It was also found that the socialization of these families benefits the children. Due to the homogeneity and small size of the samples, further research should increase the number of participants and study all subtypes of same-sex families for a better understanding of their family dynamics. Understanding the unique characteristics of same-sex family dynamics will allow for the design of interventions that are better adjusted to their specific context and challenges.
Same-sex families are an increasingly present family model in society. Various studies have shown that this type of family faces different challenges and circumstances from those of heterosexual-parent families, resulting in family dynamics with its own unique characteristics. The aim of this study was to analyse scientific evidence from the last decade regarding the dimensions of family dynamics: impact in child’s development, parenting styles, parent-child relationship, and family communication, in order to identify differences between same-sex and heterosexual families. The methodology employed consisted of a literature review in the PsycINFO and Web of Science databases of studies published between 2015 and the present. The results of the review indicated that parent’s sexual orientation is not a relevant factor in child development and that gay and lesbian parents tend to use an authoritative parenting style. Additionally, the parent-child relationship was found to be of good quality, though it may be affected by the timing of the disclosure of parental sexual orientation and by experiences of recent homophobic microaggressions. In terms of communication, various topics were investigated, and different approaches were observed, with normalization and openness being predominant. It was also found that the socialization of these families benefits the children. Due to the homogeneity and small size of the samples, further research should increase the number of participants and study all subtypes of same-sex families for a better understanding of their family dynamics. Understanding the unique characteristics of same-sex family dynamics will allow for the design of interventions that are better adjusted to their specific context and challenges.
Direction
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Tutorships)
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Tutorships)
Court
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Student’s tutor)
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Student’s tutor)
Families in the digital age: the impact of social media on family dynamics and child well-being
Authorship
S.F.S.
Psychology
S.F.S.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:00
07.07.2025 10:00
Summary
The main target of the literature review presented below is to analyze the psychological and family impact of social media use in households with school-aged children, focusing on developing countries. Through a systematic review of databases such as PsycINFO and Web of Science (WOS) between 2019 and 2025, the most relevant scientific articles. The results reveal that, although social media promotes interpersonal connection, excessive use without accurate parental mediation is associated with higher levels of anxiety, low self-esteem, and deterioration of family relationships. To mitigate these effects, the development of effective parental supervision strategies and digital education programs that promote critical and responsible consumption of content, thus minimizing its negative impact on child development, is proposed.
The main target of the literature review presented below is to analyze the psychological and family impact of social media use in households with school-aged children, focusing on developing countries. Through a systematic review of databases such as PsycINFO and Web of Science (WOS) between 2019 and 2025, the most relevant scientific articles. The results reveal that, although social media promotes interpersonal connection, excessive use without accurate parental mediation is associated with higher levels of anxiety, low self-esteem, and deterioration of family relationships. To mitigate these effects, the development of effective parental supervision strategies and digital education programs that promote critical and responsible consumption of content, thus minimizing its negative impact on child development, is proposed.
Direction
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Tutorships)
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Tutorships)
Court
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Student’s tutor)
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Student’s tutor)
Psychosocial risk and protective factors for the mental health of refugees. A systematic review.
Authorship
S.F.G.
Psychology
S.F.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 12:30
07.07.2025 12:30
Summary
Every year, the number of refugees worldwide continues to rise. Refugees are particularly vulnerable to mental health problems, primarily due to the traumatic experiences they endure throughout their lives. These individuals are exposed to stressful situations before, during, and after fleeing to their host countries. Therefore, this systematic review aims to identify the risk and protective factors that influence the mental health of refugees following traumatic experiences. To this end, the Scopus, Web of Science and PsycInfo databases were used as sources of information. A total of 141 articles were retrieved, of which 20 met the inclusion criteria for this study. The results indicate that traumatic experiences and stressful events significantly impact the mental health of refugees, contributing to an increase in emotional disorders and related issues. Contradictory findings were observed regarding certain risk factors, such as age, marital status, language proficiency, and residency status. These findings highlight the urgent need to provide targeted support for this vulnerable population in host countries. Efforts should focus on the prevention and early detection of risk cases, as well as on equipping refugees with the necessary tools to cope with trauma.
Every year, the number of refugees worldwide continues to rise. Refugees are particularly vulnerable to mental health problems, primarily due to the traumatic experiences they endure throughout their lives. These individuals are exposed to stressful situations before, during, and after fleeing to their host countries. Therefore, this systematic review aims to identify the risk and protective factors that influence the mental health of refugees following traumatic experiences. To this end, the Scopus, Web of Science and PsycInfo databases were used as sources of information. A total of 141 articles were retrieved, of which 20 met the inclusion criteria for this study. The results indicate that traumatic experiences and stressful events significantly impact the mental health of refugees, contributing to an increase in emotional disorders and related issues. Contradictory findings were observed regarding certain risk factors, such as age, marital status, language proficiency, and residency status. These findings highlight the urgent need to provide targeted support for this vulnerable population in host countries. Efforts should focus on the prevention and early detection of risk cases, as well as on equipping refugees with the necessary tools to cope with trauma.
Direction
Novo Pérez, Mercedes (Tutorships)
Novo Pérez, Mercedes (Tutorships)
Court
Novo Pérez, Mercedes (Student’s tutor)
Novo Pérez, Mercedes (Student’s tutor)
Hate speech on social networks. Analysis from Spanish scientific journals.
Authorship
A.F.G.
Psychology
A.F.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 11:30
07.07.2025 11:30
Summary
Over the past decades, social media have transformed the way we communicate, share opinions and construct public discourses. These digital spaces have opened up new possibilities for expression, but they have also amplified forms of violence such as hate speech. This discourse, although pre-existing the digital world, has found in the networks a massive and uncontrolled channel of dissemination, generating growing concern in different spheres. The emerging nature of the phenomenon, its impact on society and the challenge posed by establishing limits and regulating it, make it an urgent and necessary object of study. By means of a bibliographical review of the existing national literature, this paper aims to contribute to a better understanding of the current state of research on this phenomenon. The analysis of the selected articles highlights the growing relevance given to this problem in research, as well as the concern for its increase, analysing factors such as public perception, the difficulties of regulation and the effect of these discourses on groups present in today's society. Although it is not intended to offer a definitive solution to the problem, the aim is to contribute to its study in a rigorous way in order to generate useful knowledge about the phenomenon. At the same time, it is hoped that this literature review can serve as a starting point for a broader reflection on the way in which these discourses are constructed, disseminated and combated in such a changing environment as social networks.
Over the past decades, social media have transformed the way we communicate, share opinions and construct public discourses. These digital spaces have opened up new possibilities for expression, but they have also amplified forms of violence such as hate speech. This discourse, although pre-existing the digital world, has found in the networks a massive and uncontrolled channel of dissemination, generating growing concern in different spheres. The emerging nature of the phenomenon, its impact on society and the challenge posed by establishing limits and regulating it, make it an urgent and necessary object of study. By means of a bibliographical review of the existing national literature, this paper aims to contribute to a better understanding of the current state of research on this phenomenon. The analysis of the selected articles highlights the growing relevance given to this problem in research, as well as the concern for its increase, analysing factors such as public perception, the difficulties of regulation and the effect of these discourses on groups present in today's society. Although it is not intended to offer a definitive solution to the problem, the aim is to contribute to its study in a rigorous way in order to generate useful knowledge about the phenomenon. At the same time, it is hoped that this literature review can serve as a starting point for a broader reflection on the way in which these discourses are constructed, disseminated and combated in such a changing environment as social networks.
Direction
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Tutorships)
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Tutorships)
Court
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Student’s tutor)
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Student’s tutor)
Psychological profile, decision-making, and pre-competitive anxiety in fencers
Authorship
B.G.M.
Psychology
B.G.M.
Psychology
Defense date
06.30.2025 14:00
06.30.2025 14:00
Summary
The objectives of this research were to explore the psychological profile, the decision-making process, and the levels of anxiety and self-confidence in a sample of fencers, examining the variations that may occur based on sex, competition level, and/or sports experience. Additionally, the relationships among the components of these profiles were studied. For the assessment of the psychological profile, the TOPS-3 Spanish adaptation was utilized; for the decisional profile, the CETD was used; and for competitive state anxiety and self-confidence, the CSAI-2R was applied. The obtained results indicate that the fencers participating in the study possess a robust psychological profile, highlighting skills such as Automaticity, Goal Setting, Activation, and Attentional Control. Their decisional profile does not fully conform to the typical V shape, as their Perceived Decisional Competence is somewhat low, with similar values in Anxiety and Overwhelm when Deciding, and higher values in Commitment to Decisional Learning. Differences were found based on sex, competition level, and sports experience. Specifically, higher anxiety levels were noted in women and international competitors. Greater perceived decisional competence was observed in men, among international fencers, and in those with more sports experience. The subscales of these questionnaires -TOPS-3 and CETD- showed important interrelationships. Regarding the CSAI-2R, both cognitive anxiety and self confidence stood out.
The objectives of this research were to explore the psychological profile, the decision-making process, and the levels of anxiety and self-confidence in a sample of fencers, examining the variations that may occur based on sex, competition level, and/or sports experience. Additionally, the relationships among the components of these profiles were studied. For the assessment of the psychological profile, the TOPS-3 Spanish adaptation was utilized; for the decisional profile, the CETD was used; and for competitive state anxiety and self-confidence, the CSAI-2R was applied. The obtained results indicate that the fencers participating in the study possess a robust psychological profile, highlighting skills such as Automaticity, Goal Setting, Activation, and Attentional Control. Their decisional profile does not fully conform to the typical V shape, as their Perceived Decisional Competence is somewhat low, with similar values in Anxiety and Overwhelm when Deciding, and higher values in Commitment to Decisional Learning. Differences were found based on sex, competition level, and sports experience. Specifically, higher anxiety levels were noted in women and international competitors. Greater perceived decisional competence was observed in men, among international fencers, and in those with more sports experience. The subscales of these questionnaires -TOPS-3 and CETD- showed important interrelationships. Regarding the CSAI-2R, both cognitive anxiety and self confidence stood out.
Direction
PONTE FERNANDEZ, DOLORES (Tutorships)
PONTE FERNANDEZ, DOLORES (Tutorships)
Court
PONTE FERNANDEZ, DOLORES (Student’s tutor)
PONTE FERNANDEZ, DOLORES (Student’s tutor)
The use of the emotional Stroop task in the evaluation of suicide risk
Authorship
J.G.O.
Psychology
J.G.O.
Psychology
Defense date
02.13.2025 10:30
02.13.2025 10:30
Summary
People whose suicide risk is being evaluated have too many reasons to not being sincere. The emotional Stroop task has been studied as a way to deal with this problem and showed promising results, so this work’s objective is to check the scientific literature to see if the last 10 years of work allows to get a clear answer to whether the task can be used in suicide risk evaluation. The first attempts at duplicating the initial results showed different results, putting into doubt the utility of the task. Following these results, many studies of the psychometric properties of the emotional Stroop task were conducted and found that the task had poor properties overall and changes had to be made if for it to be used. A new version of the task, made using suggestions from previous studies, has shown promising results, but it is still too soon, and more research is needed. The same can be said about the predictive capabilities of the task due to lack of research in the area.
People whose suicide risk is being evaluated have too many reasons to not being sincere. The emotional Stroop task has been studied as a way to deal with this problem and showed promising results, so this work’s objective is to check the scientific literature to see if the last 10 years of work allows to get a clear answer to whether the task can be used in suicide risk evaluation. The first attempts at duplicating the initial results showed different results, putting into doubt the utility of the task. Following these results, many studies of the psychometric properties of the emotional Stroop task were conducted and found that the task had poor properties overall and changes had to be made if for it to be used. A new version of the task, made using suggestions from previous studies, has shown promising results, but it is still too soon, and more research is needed. The same can be said about the predictive capabilities of the task due to lack of research in the area.
Direction
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Tutorships)
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Tutorships)
Court
Mirón Redondo, María Lourdes (Chairman)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Secretary)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Member)
Mirón Redondo, María Lourdes (Chairman)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Secretary)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Member)
Goal setting and sports performance: a literature review.
Authorship
M.G.V.
Psychology
M.G.V.
Psychology
Defense date
02.13.2025 11:00
02.13.2025 11:00
Summary
Motivation is a highly influential psychological construct when it comes to practicing sports, and numerous studies have been conducted to improve it. This paper examines goal setting and its relationship with sports performance, also considering the influence of motivational climate and other psychological factors. To achieve this, a literature review of nine articles sourced from the Web of Science and Scopus databases was conducted, and the results were analyzed collectively. The findings reveal a positive relationship between goal setting and sports performance, with a particular emphasis on process goals and task-oriented goals, which also provide numerous psychological benefits. On the other hand, outcome goals also yield significant results, albeit to a lesser extent than the former, and they do not contribute to psychological improvement in other areas. Similarly, ego-oriented goals positively influence performance but may generate negative psychological effects under certain circumstances. Regarding the motivational climate, a combination of cooperative and competitive approaches is supported to optimize performance. Additionally, it is shown that other factors, such as feedback, the availability of facilities, and recognition, can positively influence motivation and commitment. In conclusion, setting different types of goals and having a supportive environment where cooperation and competitiveness prevail can significantly enhance sports performance and promote athletes' psychological well-being.
Motivation is a highly influential psychological construct when it comes to practicing sports, and numerous studies have been conducted to improve it. This paper examines goal setting and its relationship with sports performance, also considering the influence of motivational climate and other psychological factors. To achieve this, a literature review of nine articles sourced from the Web of Science and Scopus databases was conducted, and the results were analyzed collectively. The findings reveal a positive relationship between goal setting and sports performance, with a particular emphasis on process goals and task-oriented goals, which also provide numerous psychological benefits. On the other hand, outcome goals also yield significant results, albeit to a lesser extent than the former, and they do not contribute to psychological improvement in other areas. Similarly, ego-oriented goals positively influence performance but may generate negative psychological effects under certain circumstances. Regarding the motivational climate, a combination of cooperative and competitive approaches is supported to optimize performance. Additionally, it is shown that other factors, such as feedback, the availability of facilities, and recognition, can positively influence motivation and commitment. In conclusion, setting different types of goals and having a supportive environment where cooperation and competitiveness prevail can significantly enhance sports performance and promote athletes' psychological well-being.
Direction
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Tutorships)
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Tutorships)
Court
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Student’s tutor)
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Student’s tutor)
Relationship between internalized stigma and adherence to farmacological treatment in individuals with schizophrenia: a literature review.
Authorship
C.G.V.
Psychology
C.G.V.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 11:00
07.07.2025 11:00
Summary
Schizophrenia constitutes a diagnosis that encompasses severe and chronic mental illnesses, of heterogeneous manifestation (positive symptoms, negative symptoms and cognitive alterations). People with this diagnosis suffer from discrimination rooted in a series of prejudices that stigmatizes them in the eyes of society, and once assumed by the person subject of them, then become the internalized stigma. One of the consequences internalized stigma can have, is that of acting to the detriment of one’s wellbeing by resulting in attitudes, coping mechanisms and habits that are harmful. This can be seen reflected in the adherence to treatment, a very important factor to the quality of life in the presence of a diagnosis of schizophrenia. This literature review is carried on with the objective of determining the existence and characteristics of this association between internalized stigma and treatment adherence; to achieve this, studies published in the last 5 years, that focus on this subject, are complied, carrying on a comprehensive analysis of said studies, then synthesizing the authors' findings, paying attention to the limitations and practical applications of the knowledge obtained. The conclusion of this revision is that there is a significant and negative association between internalized stigma and treatment adherence, alongside other associated variables. These results are of great value, as they bring attention to a critical and influential aspect in the quality of life of those living with a severe mental illness, allowing, by understanding it, to address it through relevant therapeutic and psychoeducational interventions, in order to diminish its consequences and improve wellbeing.
Schizophrenia constitutes a diagnosis that encompasses severe and chronic mental illnesses, of heterogeneous manifestation (positive symptoms, negative symptoms and cognitive alterations). People with this diagnosis suffer from discrimination rooted in a series of prejudices that stigmatizes them in the eyes of society, and once assumed by the person subject of them, then become the internalized stigma. One of the consequences internalized stigma can have, is that of acting to the detriment of one’s wellbeing by resulting in attitudes, coping mechanisms and habits that are harmful. This can be seen reflected in the adherence to treatment, a very important factor to the quality of life in the presence of a diagnosis of schizophrenia. This literature review is carried on with the objective of determining the existence and characteristics of this association between internalized stigma and treatment adherence; to achieve this, studies published in the last 5 years, that focus on this subject, are complied, carrying on a comprehensive analysis of said studies, then synthesizing the authors' findings, paying attention to the limitations and practical applications of the knowledge obtained. The conclusion of this revision is that there is a significant and negative association between internalized stigma and treatment adherence, alongside other associated variables. These results are of great value, as they bring attention to a critical and influential aspect in the quality of life of those living with a severe mental illness, allowing, by understanding it, to address it through relevant therapeutic and psychoeducational interventions, in order to diminish its consequences and improve wellbeing.
Direction
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Tutorships)
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Tutorships)
Court
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Student’s tutor)
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Student’s tutor)
Victimization Surveys in Galicia
Authorship
J.G.N.
Psychology
J.G.N.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Victimization surveys are one of the most valid crime indicators to approach a region's crime rate. This research aims to study the victimization perceived by the Galician population during the year 2024, through a cross-sectional observational study conducted in the province of A Coruña. Victimization surveys were used to achieve this goal, as there is a better willingness to answer them compared to police statistics, especially regarding unreported crimes. A stratified probabilistic sampling was carried out based on sex, age, residence, and habitat, resulting in a final sample of 171 participants residing in 22 municipalities. A questionnaire developed by the Forensic Psychology Unit of the University of Santiago de Compostela was used, measuring lifetime victimization, crimes experienced in the past year, and personal and subjective perceptions of street safety. The results show that 61% of participants have been victims of some form of crime in their lifetime, and 43.3% in the past year. The most frequent crimes were those related to property and the socioeconomic order, followed by offenses against labor rights, physical assaults, and violations of personal freedom. Significant differences were also observed depending on some of the variables studied, both in lifetime victimization and in the feeling of safety. The study highlights the usefulness of these surveys in identifying frequent crimes, monitoring victimization patterns, and guiding prevention policies and victim support measures.
Victimization surveys are one of the most valid crime indicators to approach a region's crime rate. This research aims to study the victimization perceived by the Galician population during the year 2024, through a cross-sectional observational study conducted in the province of A Coruña. Victimization surveys were used to achieve this goal, as there is a better willingness to answer them compared to police statistics, especially regarding unreported crimes. A stratified probabilistic sampling was carried out based on sex, age, residence, and habitat, resulting in a final sample of 171 participants residing in 22 municipalities. A questionnaire developed by the Forensic Psychology Unit of the University of Santiago de Compostela was used, measuring lifetime victimization, crimes experienced in the past year, and personal and subjective perceptions of street safety. The results show that 61% of participants have been victims of some form of crime in their lifetime, and 43.3% in the past year. The most frequent crimes were those related to property and the socioeconomic order, followed by offenses against labor rights, physical assaults, and violations of personal freedom. Significant differences were also observed depending on some of the variables studied, both in lifetime victimization and in the feeling of safety. The study highlights the usefulness of these surveys in identifying frequent crimes, monitoring victimization patterns, and guiding prevention policies and victim support measures.
Direction
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Tutorships)
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Tutorships)
Court
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Chairman)
PICON PRADO, EDUARDO (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Chairman)
PICON PRADO, EDUARDO (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
Adverse Childhood Experiences and their impact on mental health in adulthood.
Authorship
D.G.L.
Psychology
D.G.L.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Research has shown that exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACE) increases the risk of developing significant psychological symptoms in adulthood. However, limited research has explored the impact of ACE on Spanish university students, as well as differences in exposure based on gender and academic field. Thus, a study was conducted with 275 university students, 170 women and 105 men. In terms of academic background, 183 students were from the health field, and 92 were from social and legal sciences. The Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire was used to assess childhood adversity, which includes the fourteen events that the literature identifies as adverse. Also, the SCL-90-R questionnaire was administered to evaluate psychological adjustment. The results indicate a higher manifestation of psychological symptoms in those who have experienced at least one ACE, with the symptoms being more pronounced in cases where the individual has experienced more than four ACE. Gender differences indicate greater exposure in women to bullying, parental substance abuse, emotional neglect and living with a caregiver with a mental illness or suicide attempt. In conclusion, it is necessary to deepen research on Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE), considering gender perspective and different academic fields, in order to design university support services that adequately meet the needs of students.
Research has shown that exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACE) increases the risk of developing significant psychological symptoms in adulthood. However, limited research has explored the impact of ACE on Spanish university students, as well as differences in exposure based on gender and academic field. Thus, a study was conducted with 275 university students, 170 women and 105 men. In terms of academic background, 183 students were from the health field, and 92 were from social and legal sciences. The Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire was used to assess childhood adversity, which includes the fourteen events that the literature identifies as adverse. Also, the SCL-90-R questionnaire was administered to evaluate psychological adjustment. The results indicate a higher manifestation of psychological symptoms in those who have experienced at least one ACE, with the symptoms being more pronounced in cases where the individual has experienced more than four ACE. Gender differences indicate greater exposure in women to bullying, parental substance abuse, emotional neglect and living with a caregiver with a mental illness or suicide attempt. In conclusion, it is necessary to deepen research on Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE), considering gender perspective and different academic fields, in order to design university support services that adequately meet the needs of students.
Direction
Novo Pérez, Mercedes (Tutorships)
Novo Pérez, Mercedes (Tutorships)
Court
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Chairman)
PICON PRADO, EDUARDO (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Chairman)
PICON PRADO, EDUARDO (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
Efficacy of Combined-Frequency tACS in Enhancing Memory in Populations with Cognitive Impairment.
Authorship
E.G.A.
Psychology
E.G.A.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Dementia constitutes an increasing economic and social burden, highlighting the need for effective interventions to mitigate or prevent its symptoms. Alzheimer disease is the most common form, with a continuum including early stages such as subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Memory loss, a key symptom, is linked to altered brain oscillatory activity, which can be modulated by transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS). The present study assessed for the first time the efficacy of theta-gamma cross-frequency tACS to improve memory performance in 30 participants with SCD and MCI. Multiple sessions of real and sham tACS combined with cognitive computarised training were applied, in a counterbalanced single-blind within-subjects design. It was hypothesised that memory performance would be enhanced in the real tACS condition compared to sham, and that there would be moderating effects from between-subject variables (diagnostic group, age, education and sex). However, results showed neither significant differences between stimulation conditions nor moderating effects from between-subject factors. These findings suggest theta-gamma tACS does not improve memory in individuals with SCD and MCI, underscoring the need for further research to develop more effective stimulation protocols for this specific population group.
Dementia constitutes an increasing economic and social burden, highlighting the need for effective interventions to mitigate or prevent its symptoms. Alzheimer disease is the most common form, with a continuum including early stages such as subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Memory loss, a key symptom, is linked to altered brain oscillatory activity, which can be modulated by transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS). The present study assessed for the first time the efficacy of theta-gamma cross-frequency tACS to improve memory performance in 30 participants with SCD and MCI. Multiple sessions of real and sham tACS combined with cognitive computarised training were applied, in a counterbalanced single-blind within-subjects design. It was hypothesised that memory performance would be enhanced in the real tACS condition compared to sham, and that there would be moderating effects from between-subject variables (diagnostic group, age, education and sex). However, results showed neither significant differences between stimulation conditions nor moderating effects from between-subject factors. These findings suggest theta-gamma tACS does not improve memory in individuals with SCD and MCI, underscoring the need for further research to develop more effective stimulation protocols for this specific population group.
Direction
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Tutorships)
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Tutorships)
Court
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Chairman)
Sampedro Vizcaya, María José (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Member)
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Chairman)
Sampedro Vizcaya, María José (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Member)
Time perception in individuals with ADHD
Authorship
P.G.M.
Psychology
P.G.M.
Psychology
Defense date
02.13.2025 12:00
02.13.2025 12:00
Summary
This thesis provides a comprehensive review of the relationship between time perception and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Through a theoretical framework that covers key definitions, the study addresses various aspects that influence temporal perception in children with ADHD compared to those without the disorder. Firstly, the differences in temporal perception between both groups are analyzed, detailing how ADHD affects the ability to perceive and manage time. Next, the brain mechanisms involved in time perception are explored, emphasizing the brain structures implicated in these processes. Additionally, variations in responses to external stimuli are examined, which are altered in individuals with ADHD. The study also identifies factors that influence the measurement of time perception, considering environmental, cognitive, and emotional influences. In doing so, it highlights the importance of these factors in interpreting results from time-related tasks. Furthermore, the impact of stimulus presentation type on performing time-related tasks is addressed, emphasizing differences between visual, auditory, and other types of stimuli. Both classical theories and new perspectives on the sense of time are reviewed, providing a broader conceptual framework for understanding temporal perception disorders in ADHD. Lastly, the neurological alterations associated with ADHD, as well as gender differences in temporal perception, are discussed. The thesis concludes with potential implications for future research and practical applications, proposing new research lines and potential therapeutic approaches. Time perception; ADHD; Brain function; Emotional influences; Gender differences
This thesis provides a comprehensive review of the relationship between time perception and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Through a theoretical framework that covers key definitions, the study addresses various aspects that influence temporal perception in children with ADHD compared to those without the disorder. Firstly, the differences in temporal perception between both groups are analyzed, detailing how ADHD affects the ability to perceive and manage time. Next, the brain mechanisms involved in time perception are explored, emphasizing the brain structures implicated in these processes. Additionally, variations in responses to external stimuli are examined, which are altered in individuals with ADHD. The study also identifies factors that influence the measurement of time perception, considering environmental, cognitive, and emotional influences. In doing so, it highlights the importance of these factors in interpreting results from time-related tasks. Furthermore, the impact of stimulus presentation type on performing time-related tasks is addressed, emphasizing differences between visual, auditory, and other types of stimuli. Both classical theories and new perspectives on the sense of time are reviewed, providing a broader conceptual framework for understanding temporal perception disorders in ADHD. Lastly, the neurological alterations associated with ADHD, as well as gender differences in temporal perception, are discussed. The thesis concludes with potential implications for future research and practical applications, proposing new research lines and potential therapeutic approaches. Time perception; ADHD; Brain function; Emotional influences; Gender differences
Direction
BLANCO RIAL, MANUEL JOSE (Tutorships)
BLANCO RIAL, MANUEL JOSE (Tutorships)
Court
BLANCO RIAL, MANUEL JOSE (Student’s tutor)
BLANCO RIAL, MANUEL JOSE (Student’s tutor)
Social Media, Fear of Missing Out (FoMO), and Cognitive Reasoning: A study on the relationship between cognitive variables and digital behavior
Authorship
K.G.F.
Psychology
K.G.F.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Social media have evolved from mere communication platforms and have become spaces that shape our way of being, thinking, and relating to others. Their constant presence, especially among young people, has raised concerns about the formation of habits mediated by algorithms whose functioning is rarely fully understood. By deciding which content to display and which to suppress, they frame reality and influence our ideas and preferences. Under the framework of the dual models of cognition and the theory of the extended mind, this research explores whether the digital environment reinforces fast and intuitive processing (Type 1), to the detriment of more analytical and deliberative processes (Type 2). Variables such as time spent online, frequency of checking notifications, FoMO, and addiction-like symptoms (BSMAS) were analysed in relation to cognitive reflection (CRT) and actively open-minded thinking (AOT). Descriptive, correlational, and regression analyses were conducted to assess the explanatory weight of these dimensions. The results show negative associations between cognitive dispositions and the other variables, while CRT and AOT maintain a positive association. Additionally, it was found that errors in the CRT are not solely attributable to inhibitory failure. Moreover, a trend was also observed among participants: profiles with low AOT exhibit lower CRT scores and higher digital use, a pattern that is reversed in profiles with high AOT. Finally, AOT was positively predicted by CRT and negatively by FoMO, time spent online, and frequency of checking notifications, with the model accounting for 43% of the variance.
Social media have evolved from mere communication platforms and have become spaces that shape our way of being, thinking, and relating to others. Their constant presence, especially among young people, has raised concerns about the formation of habits mediated by algorithms whose functioning is rarely fully understood. By deciding which content to display and which to suppress, they frame reality and influence our ideas and preferences. Under the framework of the dual models of cognition and the theory of the extended mind, this research explores whether the digital environment reinforces fast and intuitive processing (Type 1), to the detriment of more analytical and deliberative processes (Type 2). Variables such as time spent online, frequency of checking notifications, FoMO, and addiction-like symptoms (BSMAS) were analysed in relation to cognitive reflection (CRT) and actively open-minded thinking (AOT). Descriptive, correlational, and regression analyses were conducted to assess the explanatory weight of these dimensions. The results show negative associations between cognitive dispositions and the other variables, while CRT and AOT maintain a positive association. Additionally, it was found that errors in the CRT are not solely attributable to inhibitory failure. Moreover, a trend was also observed among participants: profiles with low AOT exhibit lower CRT scores and higher digital use, a pattern that is reversed in profiles with high AOT. Finally, AOT was positively predicted by CRT and negatively by FoMO, time spent online, and frequency of checking notifications, with the model accounting for 43% of the variance.
Direction
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Tutorships)
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Tutorships)
Court
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Chairman)
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Secretary)
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Member)
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Chairman)
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Secretary)
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Member)
Compulsive Buying and Eating Disorders: a systematic review
Authorship
Z.I.C.
Psychology
Z.I.C.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Compulsive Buying (CB) is a phenomenon characterized by recurrent and uncontrollable impulses and/or thoughts related to shopping, which persist despite their negative consequences in different areas of functioning. This disturbance tends to manifest alongside other conditions, including Eating Disorders (ED), defined by dysfunctional eating patterns accompanied by a distorted perception of body image. In this context, the purpose of the present review is to consult the scientific literature addressing the relationship between CC and ED. For this purpose, an exhaustive search was conducted in the Scopus, Pubmed and Proquest databases, selecting 15 original research articles. The findings support the existence of a significant link between both disorders, being this more evident when EDs include binge eating or purging behaviors. Shared underlying traits were found, such as deficits in effortful and inhibitory control abilities, although CC was mainly linked to impulsivity and EDs to anxiety. Likewise, gender differences were observed in the manifestation of this comorbid expression, with young women forming an at-risk group. This greater vulnerability was related to sociocultural factors and high rates of body dissatisfaction. The results of this review guide the development of preventive programs and appropriate therapeutic approaches for patients with comorbid CB and ED.
Compulsive Buying (CB) is a phenomenon characterized by recurrent and uncontrollable impulses and/or thoughts related to shopping, which persist despite their negative consequences in different areas of functioning. This disturbance tends to manifest alongside other conditions, including Eating Disorders (ED), defined by dysfunctional eating patterns accompanied by a distorted perception of body image. In this context, the purpose of the present review is to consult the scientific literature addressing the relationship between CC and ED. For this purpose, an exhaustive search was conducted in the Scopus, Pubmed and Proquest databases, selecting 15 original research articles. The findings support the existence of a significant link between both disorders, being this more evident when EDs include binge eating or purging behaviors. Shared underlying traits were found, such as deficits in effortful and inhibitory control abilities, although CC was mainly linked to impulsivity and EDs to anxiety. Likewise, gender differences were observed in the manifestation of this comorbid expression, with young women forming an at-risk group. This greater vulnerability was related to sociocultural factors and high rates of body dissatisfaction. The results of this review guide the development of preventive programs and appropriate therapeutic approaches for patients with comorbid CB and ED.
Direction
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Tutorships)
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Tutorships)
Court
BECOÑA IGLESIAS, ELISARDO (Chairman)
REDONDO LAGO, JAIME MAURO (Secretary)
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Member)
BECOÑA IGLESIAS, ELISARDO (Chairman)
REDONDO LAGO, JAIME MAURO (Secretary)
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Member)
Relationship between Problematic Internet Use, sleep hygiene, and emotional well-being in adolescents
Authorship
L.I.M.
Psychology
L.I.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Over the years, the Internet has become a fundamental part of teenagers' lives, with social media being a phenomenon that has attracted considerable interest among them. Although these technologies can have significant positive effects, their problematic use carries risks that can affect young people at this stage of development. One factor that can be altered is sleep hygiene, which has negative consequences on both a physical and emotional level. The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between Problematic Internet Use and sleep hygiene, as well as emotional well-being, life satisfaction and somatic symptoms. To this end, a sample of 7,065 teenagers aged between 12 and 16 (M = 13.85; SD = 1.223) was used. The results show that the prevalence of PIU is 24% and that it is associated with a higher frequency of risky online behaviour and poorer sleep hygiene. In turn, poor sleep hygiene is related to lower emotional well-being, lower life satisfaction and higher somatic symptoms. In addition, significant differences were observed based on gender. The findings are useful both practically and theoretically, and encourage further research into this issue.
Over the years, the Internet has become a fundamental part of teenagers' lives, with social media being a phenomenon that has attracted considerable interest among them. Although these technologies can have significant positive effects, their problematic use carries risks that can affect young people at this stage of development. One factor that can be altered is sleep hygiene, which has negative consequences on both a physical and emotional level. The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between Problematic Internet Use and sleep hygiene, as well as emotional well-being, life satisfaction and somatic symptoms. To this end, a sample of 7,065 teenagers aged between 12 and 16 (M = 13.85; SD = 1.223) was used. The results show that the prevalence of PIU is 24% and that it is associated with a higher frequency of risky online behaviour and poorer sleep hygiene. In turn, poor sleep hygiene is related to lower emotional well-being, lower life satisfaction and higher somatic symptoms. In addition, significant differences were observed based on gender. The findings are useful both practically and theoretically, and encourage further research into this issue.
Direction
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Tutorships)
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Tutorships)
Court
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Student’s tutor)
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Student’s tutor)
Lost in translation: Analysis of the differential affective processing in bilinguals and its physiological correlates
Authorship
A.L.G.
Psychology
A.L.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
There is considerable consensus regarding the mitigation of emotional aspects of language, as well as the effectiveness with which it is processed, when information is presented in a foreign language (L2) compared to the native language (L1). This phenomenon is known as the foreign language effect, and while it used to be described based on subjective experiences, over the last 20 years it has been the subject of empirical research within the field of language psychology. The present review aims to examine the main results obtained in this research. To do so, the physiological and behavioral differences between L1 and L2 will be analyzed, and therefore studies that use pupil dilation, skin conductance response, response times, and correct answer rates as dependent variables were included. This analysis is intended to result in a delineation of the foreign language effect, as well as the factors that modulate it, and finally, to present the various explanatory theories in this regard.
There is considerable consensus regarding the mitigation of emotional aspects of language, as well as the effectiveness with which it is processed, when information is presented in a foreign language (L2) compared to the native language (L1). This phenomenon is known as the foreign language effect, and while it used to be described based on subjective experiences, over the last 20 years it has been the subject of empirical research within the field of language psychology. The present review aims to examine the main results obtained in this research. To do so, the physiological and behavioral differences between L1 and L2 will be analyzed, and therefore studies that use pupil dilation, skin conductance response, response times, and correct answer rates as dependent variables were included. This analysis is intended to result in a delineation of the foreign language effect, as well as the factors that modulate it, and finally, to present the various explanatory theories in this regard.
Direction
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Tutorships)
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Tutorships)
Court
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Chairman)
GOMEZ FRAGUELA, Xosé Antón (Secretary)
JIMENEZ GARCIA, LUIS MIGUEL (Member)
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Chairman)
GOMEZ FRAGUELA, Xosé Antón (Secretary)
JIMENEZ GARCIA, LUIS MIGUEL (Member)
Relationship between time spent on social social media and self-esteem in adolescence. A quick review.
Authorship
Y.A.L.J.
Psychology
Y.A.L.J.
Psychology
Defense date
02.13.2025 10:30
02.13.2025 10:30
Summary
Adolescence is a stage of growth and formation marked by physical, emotional and social changes that are fundamental for emotional well-being and psychological development. In this context, the use of social media has acquired special importance, since adolescents have been adapting to these new technological tools as they have emerged, shaping their individual and collective development. The aim of this Final Degree Project was to know the relationship between the time spent using social media and self-esteem in adolescence. For this purpose, a rapid literature review was carried out, consisting of an initial search for systematic reviews in Epistemonikos and a systematic search for primary studies in the Pubmed database. After application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the total number of articles included in the review was 8. The synthesis of the evidence shows that most of the studies found a statistically significant negative relationship between self-esteem and time spent using social media. At an applied level, these results point to the need to develop preventive programs on the use of social media in both school and family settings. Future research could further investigate the role of possible mediating variables in the relationship between self-esteem and social media use, such as loneliness.
Adolescence is a stage of growth and formation marked by physical, emotional and social changes that are fundamental for emotional well-being and psychological development. In this context, the use of social media has acquired special importance, since adolescents have been adapting to these new technological tools as they have emerged, shaping their individual and collective development. The aim of this Final Degree Project was to know the relationship between the time spent using social media and self-esteem in adolescence. For this purpose, a rapid literature review was carried out, consisting of an initial search for systematic reviews in Epistemonikos and a systematic search for primary studies in the Pubmed database. After application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the total number of articles included in the review was 8. The synthesis of the evidence shows that most of the studies found a statistically significant negative relationship between self-esteem and time spent using social media. At an applied level, these results point to the need to develop preventive programs on the use of social media in both school and family settings. Future research could further investigate the role of possible mediating variables in the relationship between self-esteem and social media use, such as loneliness.
Direction
Gómez Salgado, Patricia (Tutorships)
Gómez Salgado, Patricia (Tutorships)
Court
Mirón Redondo, María Lourdes (Chairman)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Secretary)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Member)
Mirón Redondo, María Lourdes (Chairman)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Secretary)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Member)
Relationship Between Problematic Internet Use and Adolescents’ Emotional Health: An Empirical Study.
Authorship
L.L.D.
Psychology
L.L.D.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 11:00
07.07.2025 11:00
Summary
The use of the Internet and social media has increased considerably in recent years, raising growing concerns about their potential implications for adolescents’ mental health, particularly in cases of inappropriate or problematic use of new technologies. Adolescence is a critical stage for emotional development, which increases vulnerability to risk factors associated with psychological distress. One of these factors, and the focus of this study, is Problematic Internet Use (PIU), a phenomenon whose terminology and classification remain under discussion. Given the current relevance of this issue, the present study aims to provide empirical evidence on Problematic Internet Use and its emotional health consequences, using a sample of 7,065 adolescents from Galicia, aged between 12 and 16. The results reveal a PIU prevalence of 27.9% among girls and 20.3% among boys. Regarding educational level, 21.6% of students in 1st/2nd grade of secondary education and 26.7% in 3rd/4th grade reported PIU. Furthermore, PIU was found to be associated with lower levels of Emotional Well-being and Life Satisfaction, as well as higher rates of Depression and Suicidal Ideation. These findings are of both theoretical and practical relevance for the development of future research in this field.
The use of the Internet and social media has increased considerably in recent years, raising growing concerns about their potential implications for adolescents’ mental health, particularly in cases of inappropriate or problematic use of new technologies. Adolescence is a critical stage for emotional development, which increases vulnerability to risk factors associated with psychological distress. One of these factors, and the focus of this study, is Problematic Internet Use (PIU), a phenomenon whose terminology and classification remain under discussion. Given the current relevance of this issue, the present study aims to provide empirical evidence on Problematic Internet Use and its emotional health consequences, using a sample of 7,065 adolescents from Galicia, aged between 12 and 16. The results reveal a PIU prevalence of 27.9% among girls and 20.3% among boys. Regarding educational level, 21.6% of students in 1st/2nd grade of secondary education and 26.7% in 3rd/4th grade reported PIU. Furthermore, PIU was found to be associated with lower levels of Emotional Well-being and Life Satisfaction, as well as higher rates of Depression and Suicidal Ideation. These findings are of both theoretical and practical relevance for the development of future research in this field.
Direction
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Tutorships)
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Tutorships)
Court
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Student’s tutor)
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Student’s tutor)
Theory of mind and emotion recognition in Post Traumatic Stress Disorder: A systematic review
Authorship
S.L.G.
Psychology
S.L.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Post traumatic stress disorder PTSD is considered one of the most severe conditions that can develop from a traumatic experience. In recent years, difficulties in social cognition have been proposed both as a risk factor and as a consequence of PTSD. This systematic review aims to explore how PTSD affects two domains of social cognition, Theory of Mind ToM and emotional recognition, while identifying the most studied cognitive processes in each area and the tools used to evaluate them. It also seeks to examine whether deficits in social cognition are a cause or consequence of PTSD. Through an exhaustive search in the PubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science, and Scopus databases conducted on November 29, 2024, studies evaluating social cognition performance in ToM or emotional recognition were selected. Studies involving adults 18 years with a PTSD diagnosis or symptomatology were included, while meta analyses, systematic reviews, case studies, or works not written in English or Spanish were excluded. A total of 14 studies were selected. The results show that deficits in ToM are consistent, although evidence regarding emotional recognition remains contradictory and limited to the analysis of basic emotions, while also using tests that differ from those considered to have high psychometric quality. ToM subprocesses are rarely studied independently, with the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test RMET predominating as the measurement tool. Studies tend to view social cognition deficits as a consequence of PTSD.
Post traumatic stress disorder PTSD is considered one of the most severe conditions that can develop from a traumatic experience. In recent years, difficulties in social cognition have been proposed both as a risk factor and as a consequence of PTSD. This systematic review aims to explore how PTSD affects two domains of social cognition, Theory of Mind ToM and emotional recognition, while identifying the most studied cognitive processes in each area and the tools used to evaluate them. It also seeks to examine whether deficits in social cognition are a cause or consequence of PTSD. Through an exhaustive search in the PubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science, and Scopus databases conducted on November 29, 2024, studies evaluating social cognition performance in ToM or emotional recognition were selected. Studies involving adults 18 years with a PTSD diagnosis or symptomatology were included, while meta analyses, systematic reviews, case studies, or works not written in English or Spanish were excluded. A total of 14 studies were selected. The results show that deficits in ToM are consistent, although evidence regarding emotional recognition remains contradictory and limited to the analysis of basic emotions, while also using tests that differ from those considered to have high psychometric quality. ToM subprocesses are rarely studied independently, with the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test RMET predominating as the measurement tool. Studies tend to view social cognition deficits as a consequence of PTSD.
Direction
CORRAL VARELA, MARIA MONTSERRAT (Tutorships)
CORRAL VARELA, MARIA MONTSERRAT (Tutorships)
Court
CUTRIN MOSTEIRO, OLALLA (Chairman)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Secretary)
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Member)
CUTRIN MOSTEIRO, OLALLA (Chairman)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Secretary)
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Member)
The relevance of pathological doubt in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Exploring its links with cognitive confidence and access to internal states
Authorship
G.L.B.
Psychology
G.L.B.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
This systematic review focuses on the relevance of pathological doubt in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and its links with cognitive confidence and internal states. Three main goals were established: to define the nature and clinical relevance of pathological doubt in OCD, to explore cognitive confidence in individuals with this disorder, and to examine their access to internal states. After conducting searches in PubMed, ProQuest, and Scopus, a selection process was carried out, resulting in the inclusion of 16 studies in the review. The findings of this review indicate that doubt is experienced in a heterogeneous manner across individuals and that its content varies. This phenomenon is associated with greater disorder severity, functional impairment, and poorer therapeutic response, making it a clinically relevant feature. As for cognitive confidence, the studies show that people with OCD exhibit a lack of confidence in their memory and perception. In addition, the repetition of actions appears to cause a reduction of memory confidence, possibly due to the phenomenon of proactive interference. Finally, the reviewed articles suggest that individuals with OCD experience difficulties in accessing their internal states, which may lead them to rely on proxies to identify them. In conclusion, pathological doubt constitutes a clinically relevant feature of OCD that is linked to deficits in cognitive confidence and in access to internal states. Further research is needed to answer the questions raised in this review and to develop a theoretical framework that integrates the key elements explored in this work.
This systematic review focuses on the relevance of pathological doubt in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and its links with cognitive confidence and internal states. Three main goals were established: to define the nature and clinical relevance of pathological doubt in OCD, to explore cognitive confidence in individuals with this disorder, and to examine their access to internal states. After conducting searches in PubMed, ProQuest, and Scopus, a selection process was carried out, resulting in the inclusion of 16 studies in the review. The findings of this review indicate that doubt is experienced in a heterogeneous manner across individuals and that its content varies. This phenomenon is associated with greater disorder severity, functional impairment, and poorer therapeutic response, making it a clinically relevant feature. As for cognitive confidence, the studies show that people with OCD exhibit a lack of confidence in their memory and perception. In addition, the repetition of actions appears to cause a reduction of memory confidence, possibly due to the phenomenon of proactive interference. Finally, the reviewed articles suggest that individuals with OCD experience difficulties in accessing their internal states, which may lead them to rely on proxies to identify them. In conclusion, pathological doubt constitutes a clinically relevant feature of OCD that is linked to deficits in cognitive confidence and in access to internal states. Further research is needed to answer the questions raised in this review and to develop a theoretical framework that integrates the key elements explored in this work.
Direction
MERINO MADRID, HIPOLITO (Tutorships)
MERINO MADRID, HIPOLITO (Tutorships)
Court
Alzate García, Mónica (Chairman)
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Secretary)
CORRAL VARELA, MARIA MONTSERRAT (Member)
Alzate García, Mónica (Chairman)
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Secretary)
CORRAL VARELA, MARIA MONTSERRAT (Member)
Perception of sexual consent and sexual aggression myths in the university community
Authorship
P.L.V.
Psychology
P.L.V.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 11:30
07.07.2025 11:30
Summary
Sexual violence is a social and public health problem that mainly affects women, but also impacts various populations in different contexts, such as the university community. Literature has identified two relevant factors for its understanding. On one hand, myths about sexual assaults, which act as preexisting biases by justifying the perpetrator, minimizing the seriousness of the act, and blaming the victim; and on the other hand, the persistent ambiguity surrounding the concept of sexual consent, despite advances in its recognition from two independent but related constructs: internal consent and external consent. This lack of conceptual clarity difficults its role as a key tool in the prevention of sexual violence. In this context, the present research aims to analyze the perception of sexual consent among university students based on the internal and external dimensions of consent, and its relationship with the acceptance of myths about sexual assaults. A sample of 109 university students (74.3% women and 25.7% men), ages between 18 and 52 years, was used. The results show significant differences in the adherence to myths between men and women. Additionally, a positive association was observed between external and internal consent, as well as a preference among participants who reported having experienced a non-consensual sexual episode to seek help from close circles and report the incident in a familiar place. The need to address consent in a comprehensive manner is highlighted, considering individual beliefs and behaviors, and to dismantle myths about sexual assault. Future research should explore the discrepancy between beliefs and behaviours and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions to internalize consent.
Sexual violence is a social and public health problem that mainly affects women, but also impacts various populations in different contexts, such as the university community. Literature has identified two relevant factors for its understanding. On one hand, myths about sexual assaults, which act as preexisting biases by justifying the perpetrator, minimizing the seriousness of the act, and blaming the victim; and on the other hand, the persistent ambiguity surrounding the concept of sexual consent, despite advances in its recognition from two independent but related constructs: internal consent and external consent. This lack of conceptual clarity difficults its role as a key tool in the prevention of sexual violence. In this context, the present research aims to analyze the perception of sexual consent among university students based on the internal and external dimensions of consent, and its relationship with the acceptance of myths about sexual assaults. A sample of 109 university students (74.3% women and 25.7% men), ages between 18 and 52 years, was used. The results show significant differences in the adherence to myths between men and women. Additionally, a positive association was observed between external and internal consent, as well as a preference among participants who reported having experienced a non-consensual sexual episode to seek help from close circles and report the incident in a familiar place. The need to address consent in a comprehensive manner is highlighted, considering individual beliefs and behaviors, and to dismantle myths about sexual assault. Future research should explore the discrepancy between beliefs and behaviours and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions to internalize consent.
Direction
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Tutorships)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Tutorships)
Court
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Student’s tutor)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Student’s tutor)
Perception of legitimacy of non-normative actions in the feminist movement
Authorship
J.M.C.
Psychology
J.M.C.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
The feminist movement has been a key driver of social transformation, seeking to achieve equality between men and women. Since its beginnings, it has gone through different historical stages or waves, during which it has achieved various goals related to women's rights and visibility through collective action. These actions have ranged from more normative forms, such as peaceful protest, to others considered non-normative, such as the occupation of institutional spaces or the disruption of public events. The present research aims to analyze the psychosocial factors that influence the legitimization of non-normative actions within the context of the feminist movement, addressing an approach that remains underexplored in the existing literature. It explores how identification with the movement, the internalization of gender roles, and different justice orientations may either facilitate or hinder such legitimization. To this end, correlation analyses were conducted between the variables under study, along with a multiple linear regression analysis to explore their predictive value. Although not all results aligned with initial expectations, identification with the feminist movement emerged as the strongest predictor of the legitimization of non-normative actions, highlighting the importance of collective identity as a driver of social change.
The feminist movement has been a key driver of social transformation, seeking to achieve equality between men and women. Since its beginnings, it has gone through different historical stages or waves, during which it has achieved various goals related to women's rights and visibility through collective action. These actions have ranged from more normative forms, such as peaceful protest, to others considered non-normative, such as the occupation of institutional spaces or the disruption of public events. The present research aims to analyze the psychosocial factors that influence the legitimization of non-normative actions within the context of the feminist movement, addressing an approach that remains underexplored in the existing literature. It explores how identification with the movement, the internalization of gender roles, and different justice orientations may either facilitate or hinder such legitimization. To this end, correlation analyses were conducted between the variables under study, along with a multiple linear regression analysis to explore their predictive value. Although not all results aligned with initial expectations, identification with the feminist movement emerged as the strongest predictor of the legitimization of non-normative actions, highlighting the importance of collective identity as a driver of social change.
Direction
Dono Martín, Marcos (Tutorships)
DOCAMPO LOPEZ, LAURA (Co-tutorships)
Dono Martín, Marcos (Tutorships)
DOCAMPO LOPEZ, LAURA (Co-tutorships)
Court
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Chairman)
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Secretary)
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Member)
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Chairman)
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Secretary)
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Member)
The role of the family in the development and treatment of eating disorders
Authorship
M.M.S.
Psychology
M.M.S.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 11:30
07.07.2025 11:30
Summary
The family plays a crucial role in the development and treatment of eating disorders (EDs). The aim of this literature review is to analyze and synthesize existing information on how family dynamics influence the onset, progression, and recovery of EDs. To achieve this objective, a search was conducted in the PubMed and Scopus databases, resulting in the selection of 13 studies published between 2020 and 2025. Among the main findings, it stands out that aesthetic pressure from close figures, parental perfectionism, and lack of communication within the household are significantly associated with a higher risk of developing EDs. In contrast, cohesive, emotionally supportive, and communicative family environments appear to have a protective effect. It was also identified that the active involvement of the family in treatment, through interventions such as multifamily therapy or psychoeducational support, not only improves the patient’s symptoms but also contributes to restoring the emotional balance of the family system. Additionally, it has been observed that EDs have a substantial impact on family dynamics, affecting all members of the household. This underscores the importance of providing specific support to caregivers and considering the family environment as a therapeutic unit. Finally, it is concluded that integrating the family into clinical treatment is essential to promote sustained recovery and prevent relapse, and further research is needed on how specific family profiles influence the course of the disorder.
The family plays a crucial role in the development and treatment of eating disorders (EDs). The aim of this literature review is to analyze and synthesize existing information on how family dynamics influence the onset, progression, and recovery of EDs. To achieve this objective, a search was conducted in the PubMed and Scopus databases, resulting in the selection of 13 studies published between 2020 and 2025. Among the main findings, it stands out that aesthetic pressure from close figures, parental perfectionism, and lack of communication within the household are significantly associated with a higher risk of developing EDs. In contrast, cohesive, emotionally supportive, and communicative family environments appear to have a protective effect. It was also identified that the active involvement of the family in treatment, through interventions such as multifamily therapy or psychoeducational support, not only improves the patient’s symptoms but also contributes to restoring the emotional balance of the family system. Additionally, it has been observed that EDs have a substantial impact on family dynamics, affecting all members of the household. This underscores the importance of providing specific support to caregivers and considering the family environment as a therapeutic unit. Finally, it is concluded that integrating the family into clinical treatment is essential to promote sustained recovery and prevent relapse, and further research is needed on how specific family profiles influence the course of the disorder.
Direction
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Tutorships)
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Tutorships)
Court
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Student’s tutor)
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Student’s tutor)
The physical attractiveness bias
Authorship
N.M.G.
Psychology
N.M.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
The present work is based on theoretical models of dual processing and implicit personality theories to analyze the halo effect and its interaction with negative information (specifically, crimes committed). The objectives are a) to study the first impression caused by attractiveness and different positive personality traits, b) to study the differences in the perception of people's personality before and after learning about the crime they have committed, and c) to study the influence of physical attractiveness on the perception of justice for adequate and inadequate punishments for the crime. For this purpose, an experiment was designed in which participants rated four personality traits (extroversion, intelligence, honesty and kindness) and perceived fairness of a punishment on a series of attractive and unattractive faces. The ratings were made before and after learning that the persons assessed had committed a crime. The results showed a more favorable first impression of attractive people, especially in extroversion and intelligence. However, upon learning of the crime, intelligence decreased more in attractive people, suggesting a disillusionment effect. On the other hand, the perception of justice was not affected by attractiveness. It is concluded that physical attractiveness influences initial ratings by automatic processes (System 1), but can be corrected by more critical processing (System 2) when negative information appears.
The present work is based on theoretical models of dual processing and implicit personality theories to analyze the halo effect and its interaction with negative information (specifically, crimes committed). The objectives are a) to study the first impression caused by attractiveness and different positive personality traits, b) to study the differences in the perception of people's personality before and after learning about the crime they have committed, and c) to study the influence of physical attractiveness on the perception of justice for adequate and inadequate punishments for the crime. For this purpose, an experiment was designed in which participants rated four personality traits (extroversion, intelligence, honesty and kindness) and perceived fairness of a punishment on a series of attractive and unattractive faces. The ratings were made before and after learning that the persons assessed had committed a crime. The results showed a more favorable first impression of attractive people, especially in extroversion and intelligence. However, upon learning of the crime, intelligence decreased more in attractive people, suggesting a disillusionment effect. On the other hand, the perception of justice was not affected by attractiveness. It is concluded that physical attractiveness influences initial ratings by automatic processes (System 1), but can be corrected by more critical processing (System 2) when negative information appears.
Direction
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Tutorships)
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Tutorships)
Court
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Chairman)
Sampedro Vizcaya, María José (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Member)
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Chairman)
Sampedro Vizcaya, María José (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Member)
Influence of social desirability bias on the measurement of negotiation effectiveness
Authorship
D.M.P.
Psychology
D.M.P.
Psychology
Defense date
02.13.2025 10:30
02.13.2025 10:30
Summary
The study of negotiation and the skills required to carry it out effectively is a continuously growing field, just like the research on social desirability bias and its influence on the data collection process. This paper aims to study the relationship between this contaminating variable and the measurement of negotiation effectiveness, using W.F.G. Mastenbroek's model (1987; 1991) as a starting point. To achieve this, a negotiation effectiveness questionnaire and a social desirability measure were administered to two types of samples: one with experience in negotiation tasks within a contact center company in the labor sector, and another without experience, in order to test the possible effect of this bias and any potential differences between the two populations. Through the general factor analytic procedure developed by Ferrando et al. (2009), which controls the impact of social desirability on self-report measures, the distortion was analyzed, revealing that the negotiation effectiveness measure is sensitive to social desirability. Additionally, it was observed that individuals with less experience in negotiation tasks are more sensitive to this bias, leading to higher scores in negotiation effectiveness when not corrected. The implications of these findings in the context of personnel selection training are discussed.
The study of negotiation and the skills required to carry it out effectively is a continuously growing field, just like the research on social desirability bias and its influence on the data collection process. This paper aims to study the relationship between this contaminating variable and the measurement of negotiation effectiveness, using W.F.G. Mastenbroek's model (1987; 1991) as a starting point. To achieve this, a negotiation effectiveness questionnaire and a social desirability measure were administered to two types of samples: one with experience in negotiation tasks within a contact center company in the labor sector, and another without experience, in order to test the possible effect of this bias and any potential differences between the two populations. Through the general factor analytic procedure developed by Ferrando et al. (2009), which controls the impact of social desirability on self-report measures, the distortion was analyzed, revealing that the negotiation effectiveness measure is sensitive to social desirability. Additionally, it was observed that individuals with less experience in negotiation tasks are more sensitive to this bias, leading to higher scores in negotiation effectiveness when not corrected. The implications of these findings in the context of personnel selection training are discussed.
Direction
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Tutorships)
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Tutorships)
Court
Mirón Redondo, María Lourdes (Chairman)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Secretary)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Member)
Mirón Redondo, María Lourdes (Chairman)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Secretary)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Member)
AAC: Dynamic Communicators in Hearing and Speech Disabilities
Authorship
A.M.M.R.
Psychology
A.M.M.R.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 12:30
07.07.2025 12:30
Summary
This bibliographic review analyzes the evolution of the Alternative and Augmentative Communication Systems (SAAC), with special attention to dynamic communicators used by people with hearing disabilities and/or hearing disabilities, highlighting their benefits and limitations, as well as identifying two main problems in their current adoption and implementation. The review takes as a framework of reference a manual published in 2020 and analyzes sources before and after this data with the objective of identifying some of the barriers detected in the implementation of these systems resolved in recent years. The results obtained suggest that, despite two technological and pedagogical advances, important limitations persist in the adoption and effective use of SAAC, both in educational and family contexts, due to the lack of coordination and specific training of the agents involved and the difficulty of integrating the communicators into daily routines. To respond to these shortcomings, we propose the development of a practical guide aimed at families, teachers and therapists, which includes clear guidelines on the selection, configuration and use of two dynamic communicators. This tool seeks to contribute to the improvement of accessibility, autonomy and inclusion of SAAC users.
This bibliographic review analyzes the evolution of the Alternative and Augmentative Communication Systems (SAAC), with special attention to dynamic communicators used by people with hearing disabilities and/or hearing disabilities, highlighting their benefits and limitations, as well as identifying two main problems in their current adoption and implementation. The review takes as a framework of reference a manual published in 2020 and analyzes sources before and after this data with the objective of identifying some of the barriers detected in the implementation of these systems resolved in recent years. The results obtained suggest that, despite two technological and pedagogical advances, important limitations persist in the adoption and effective use of SAAC, both in educational and family contexts, due to the lack of coordination and specific training of the agents involved and the difficulty of integrating the communicators into daily routines. To respond to these shortcomings, we propose the development of a practical guide aimed at families, teachers and therapists, which includes clear guidelines on the selection, configuration and use of two dynamic communicators. This tool seeks to contribute to the improvement of accessibility, autonomy and inclusion of SAAC users.
Direction
LOSADA VAZQUEZ, MARIA CONCEPCION (Tutorships)
LOSADA VAZQUEZ, MARIA CONCEPCION (Tutorships)
Court
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Coordinator)
LOSADA VAZQUEZ, MARIA CONCEPCION (Student’s tutor)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Coordinator)
LOSADA VAZQUEZ, MARIA CONCEPCION (Student’s tutor)
Malingering of temporary work disability due to psychological cause in the SCL-90-R
Authorship
I.M.P.
Psychology
I.M.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 12:00
07.07.2025 12:00
Summary
Feigning psychological damage is a phenomenon that should be controlled during the evaluation processes of temporary work disability (TWD) due to the secondary gains involved. Therefore, this study was proposed with the objective of analyzing the sensitivity of the SCL-90-R as a psychological assessment instrument to detect invalid responses in cases of simulated psychological symptoms in the context of temporary work disability (TWD). For this purpose, a study was designed involving 50 participants, who completed the SCL-90-R under two conditions: first, honestly, and then under instructions to feign TWD. The results showed that all participants were classified as clinical cases by the instrument, suggesting that, with proper motivation, the general population could feign psychological damage to justify a temporary work disability (TWD). It was found that the most frequent simulation strategy was indiscriminate symptom endorsement, with 90% of participants classified in five or more symptom dimensions; and symptom exaggeration or severity, as the scores of the simulation group were significantly higher in all symptom dimensions and global indices compared to the psychiatric sample. Finally, the instrument’s global indices classified 94% of the participants in the simulation condition as potential simulators, with the PSDI being the least sensitive index, identifying only 56% of participants. Based on the literature, it is concluded that the use of additional measurement instruments is necessary for the assessment of malingering in a forensic context.
Feigning psychological damage is a phenomenon that should be controlled during the evaluation processes of temporary work disability (TWD) due to the secondary gains involved. Therefore, this study was proposed with the objective of analyzing the sensitivity of the SCL-90-R as a psychological assessment instrument to detect invalid responses in cases of simulated psychological symptoms in the context of temporary work disability (TWD). For this purpose, a study was designed involving 50 participants, who completed the SCL-90-R under two conditions: first, honestly, and then under instructions to feign TWD. The results showed that all participants were classified as clinical cases by the instrument, suggesting that, with proper motivation, the general population could feign psychological damage to justify a temporary work disability (TWD). It was found that the most frequent simulation strategy was indiscriminate symptom endorsement, with 90% of participants classified in five or more symptom dimensions; and symptom exaggeration or severity, as the scores of the simulation group were significantly higher in all symptom dimensions and global indices compared to the psychiatric sample. Finally, the instrument’s global indices classified 94% of the participants in the simulation condition as potential simulators, with the PSDI being the least sensitive index, identifying only 56% of participants. Based on the literature, it is concluded that the use of additional measurement instruments is necessary for the assessment of malingering in a forensic context.
Direction
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Tutorships)
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Tutorships)
Court
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Coordinator)
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Student’s tutor)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Coordinator)
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Student’s tutor)
Academic stress amongst university students: analysis of several variables related to this phenomenon
Authorship
L.A.M.W.
Psychology
L.A.M.W.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Academic stress is a phenomenon which affects large swathes of the student population. It serves to the detriment of not only their emotional wellbeing and physical health but also their academic performance. To this end, the following bibliographic review will primarily aim to examine the prevalence of academic stress and how it relates to a variety of factors. For this, several investigations published between the years 2012 and 2025 have been chosen and compiled with the help of databases such as Scopus, Web of Science and Dialnet. Aiming to provide adequate organisation and a coherent analysis of the aforementioned material, the results have been grouped into 4 categories: psychological factors, factors which relate to lifestyle, sociodemographic factors and finally the consequences of stress. Amidst the main findings we can observe elevated levels of academic stress amongst university students. Among psychological variables, perceived social support serves as a protective factor, whereas perfectionism is linked to increased stress. Likewise, factors associated with lifestyle, like regular physical activity and following a healthy diet, appear to be linked to lower levels of stress, whilst problematic consumption of substances like alcohol and tobacco correlate positively with the analysed phenomenon. Another line of argument shows that stress is deeply linked to gender, proving a marked vulnerability amongst women. Finally, the negative consequences of academic stress prove to be multi-faceted and varied, with the revised literature showing a global impact on the wellbeing of university students.
Academic stress is a phenomenon which affects large swathes of the student population. It serves to the detriment of not only their emotional wellbeing and physical health but also their academic performance. To this end, the following bibliographic review will primarily aim to examine the prevalence of academic stress and how it relates to a variety of factors. For this, several investigations published between the years 2012 and 2025 have been chosen and compiled with the help of databases such as Scopus, Web of Science and Dialnet. Aiming to provide adequate organisation and a coherent analysis of the aforementioned material, the results have been grouped into 4 categories: psychological factors, factors which relate to lifestyle, sociodemographic factors and finally the consequences of stress. Amidst the main findings we can observe elevated levels of academic stress amongst university students. Among psychological variables, perceived social support serves as a protective factor, whereas perfectionism is linked to increased stress. Likewise, factors associated with lifestyle, like regular physical activity and following a healthy diet, appear to be linked to lower levels of stress, whilst problematic consumption of substances like alcohol and tobacco correlate positively with the analysed phenomenon. Another line of argument shows that stress is deeply linked to gender, proving a marked vulnerability amongst women. Finally, the negative consequences of academic stress prove to be multi-faceted and varied, with the revised literature showing a global impact on the wellbeing of university students.
Direction
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Tutorships)
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Tutorships)
Court
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Chairman)
Cadaveira Mahía, Fernando (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Chairman)
Cadaveira Mahía, Fernando (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
An approximation to behavioural regulation and motives underlying physical activity
Authorship
A.Y.N.M.
Psychology
A.Y.N.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Clarifying the types of behavioural regulations and motives that drive people to exercise or play sports is a booming area, since doing physical exercise has a large number of advantages. In the present study the aim will be to explore the different behavioural regulations and motives underlying physical activity taking into account the type of activity performed (physical activity or competitive sport), the gender and the intensity with which one exercises (amount of time dedicated to exercise per week). The sample was composed of 210 participants of age and that frequently exercised. To explore the behavioural regulations and motives, the following questionnaires were used in their adaptation to the Spanish population: Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-3 (BREQ-3) and Motives for Physical Activity Measure-Revised (MPAM-R). The information was then gathered online through the platform Microsoft Forms, additionally including a series of socio-sporting questions. The findings show that competitive sport-players report higher levels of self-determined regulation, while those who merely exercise were characterized by higher levels of external regulation. Moreover, differences were also found in regulation regarding gender and the intensity.
Clarifying the types of behavioural regulations and motives that drive people to exercise or play sports is a booming area, since doing physical exercise has a large number of advantages. In the present study the aim will be to explore the different behavioural regulations and motives underlying physical activity taking into account the type of activity performed (physical activity or competitive sport), the gender and the intensity with which one exercises (amount of time dedicated to exercise per week). The sample was composed of 210 participants of age and that frequently exercised. To explore the behavioural regulations and motives, the following questionnaires were used in their adaptation to the Spanish population: Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-3 (BREQ-3) and Motives for Physical Activity Measure-Revised (MPAM-R). The information was then gathered online through the platform Microsoft Forms, additionally including a series of socio-sporting questions. The findings show that competitive sport-players report higher levels of self-determined regulation, while those who merely exercise were characterized by higher levels of external regulation. Moreover, differences were also found in regulation regarding gender and the intensity.
Direction
PONTE FERNANDEZ, DOLORES (Tutorships)
PONTE FERNANDEZ, DOLORES (Tutorships)
Court
BECOÑA IGLESIAS, ELISARDO (Chairman)
REDONDO LAGO, JAIME MAURO (Secretary)
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Member)
BECOÑA IGLESIAS, ELISARDO (Chairman)
REDONDO LAGO, JAIME MAURO (Secretary)
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Member)
Adverse Childhood Experiences and their impact on women deprived of liberty
Authorship
S.N.O.
Psychology
S.N.O.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Scientific evidence has highlighted the importance and influence of adverse experiences lived during childhood for the subsequent development of people in general and especially for people with a criminal history. The present study analyzes the prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experiences and their impact on the mental health of a group of 17 women who are in a situation of deprivation of liberty in the A Lama penitentiary center (Pontevedra). Participants were aged between 29 and 65 (M = 46.53; SD = 10.46). The experience of adverse experiences was assessed with the ACES questionnaire (Forensic Psychology Unit, 2019). The psycho-emotional state was taken through the SCL-90-R questionnaire. The results obtained revealed a high prevalence of childhood trauma among participants, highlighting the death of a primary caregiver, separation of parents and sexual violence. In addition, a significant relationship was observed between having experienced at least one ACE and depressive, anxious and paranoid symptomatology; as well as the relationship between the accumulation of 4 or more, and the indicated increase in severe depressive, hostile and psychotic symptomatology. This evidence reflects the need and urgency to create prevention programs for child abuse and social inequalities, as well as specific intervention programs for women sentenced to deprivation of liberty. The latter from a gender perspective and with reinsertive purposes that improve the quality of life of these people taking into account their life trajectories and needs.
Scientific evidence has highlighted the importance and influence of adverse experiences lived during childhood for the subsequent development of people in general and especially for people with a criminal history. The present study analyzes the prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experiences and their impact on the mental health of a group of 17 women who are in a situation of deprivation of liberty in the A Lama penitentiary center (Pontevedra). Participants were aged between 29 and 65 (M = 46.53; SD = 10.46). The experience of adverse experiences was assessed with the ACES questionnaire (Forensic Psychology Unit, 2019). The psycho-emotional state was taken through the SCL-90-R questionnaire. The results obtained revealed a high prevalence of childhood trauma among participants, highlighting the death of a primary caregiver, separation of parents and sexual violence. In addition, a significant relationship was observed between having experienced at least one ACE and depressive, anxious and paranoid symptomatology; as well as the relationship between the accumulation of 4 or more, and the indicated increase in severe depressive, hostile and psychotic symptomatology. This evidence reflects the need and urgency to create prevention programs for child abuse and social inequalities, as well as specific intervention programs for women sentenced to deprivation of liberty. The latter from a gender perspective and with reinsertive purposes that improve the quality of life of these people taking into account their life trajectories and needs.
Direction
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Tutorships)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Tutorships)
Court
MERINO MADRID, HIPOLITO (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Leirós Lobeiras, Luz Isabel (Member)
MERINO MADRID, HIPOLITO (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Leirós Lobeiras, Luz Isabel (Member)
Event-related brain potentials in subjective cognitive decline, amnestic mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer´s disease dementia. A review of studies evaluating N200 and P300 components recorded in oddball tasks.
Authorship
A.O.G.
Psychology
A.O.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) or amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) can progress to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia. Therefore, identifying markers that allow characterizing SCD and aMCI, and predicting their progression, has become a goal of interest for many researchers. Some studies use event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to search for neurocognitive markers of SCD and aMCI, as well as of AD dementia. ERPs allow the evaluation of changes in brain electrical activity associated with different cognitive processes. In the present work, a review of studies published between 2015 and 2025 was carried out. The main aim was to know whether changes in the latency and amplitude of the N200 and/or P300 ERP components may be considered optimal neurocognitive markers of AD dementia, aMCI, and SCD. The N200 and P300 components are considered psychophysiological indexes of the evaluation and categorization of stimuli in working memory, respectively. The results of the review suggest that an increase of P300 latency could be a neurocognitive marker of AD dementia and aMCI. Adults with AD dementia also appear to show a smaller P300 amplitude and a longer N200 latency compared to healthy cognitively (HC) adults, although the results are not consistent. Finally, the only two studies reviewed that evaluated SCD adults did not find significant differences for N200 or P300 between adults with SCD adults and HC adults or aMCI adults.
Adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) or amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) can progress to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia. Therefore, identifying markers that allow characterizing SCD and aMCI, and predicting their progression, has become a goal of interest for many researchers. Some studies use event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to search for neurocognitive markers of SCD and aMCI, as well as of AD dementia. ERPs allow the evaluation of changes in brain electrical activity associated with different cognitive processes. In the present work, a review of studies published between 2015 and 2025 was carried out. The main aim was to know whether changes in the latency and amplitude of the N200 and/or P300 ERP components may be considered optimal neurocognitive markers of AD dementia, aMCI, and SCD. The N200 and P300 components are considered psychophysiological indexes of the evaluation and categorization of stimuli in working memory, respectively. The results of the review suggest that an increase of P300 latency could be a neurocognitive marker of AD dementia and aMCI. Adults with AD dementia also appear to show a smaller P300 amplitude and a longer N200 latency compared to healthy cognitively (HC) adults, although the results are not consistent. Finally, the only two studies reviewed that evaluated SCD adults did not find significant differences for N200 or P300 between adults with SCD adults and HC adults or aMCI adults.
Direction
LINDIN NOVO, MONICA (Tutorships)
Rodríguez Salgado, Dolores (Co-tutorships)
LINDIN NOVO, MONICA (Tutorships)
Rodríguez Salgado, Dolores (Co-tutorships)
Court
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Chairman)
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Secretary)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Member)
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Chairman)
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Secretary)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Member)
Risk factors associated with loneliness in adolescence: The role of social media use, bullying victimization, and personality
Authorship
A.O.R.
Psychology
A.O.R.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Unwanted loneliness is considered one of the major epidemics of today’s society, not only because of the high levels of suffering it causes, but also due to its associated social and economic consequences. In recent decades, levels of loneliness have steadily increased, especially among young people. Given the importance that peer relationships acquire during adolescence, this stage of development represents a period of vulnerability to loneliness. To prevent loneliness in this population, it is essential to understand which variables may be influencing the adolescent experience of loneliness. Thus, the main objective of this Bachelor's Thesis is to analyze the role of social media use, bullying victimization, and personality in loneliness in adolescence. After reviewing the existing literature on this topic, it can be concluded that social media use, bullying victimization, and personality may indeed explain loneliness during adolescence. Excessive and problematic use of social media, being a victim of bullying (both in-person and online), and certain personality characteristics (neuroticism, extraversion, shyness, need for social recognition, need for affiliation, self-esteem, social skills, and some maladaptive traits) are associated with higher levels of loneliness in adolescence. Understanding these relationships is crucial for developing interventions aimed at preventing and reducing loneliness in this population.
Unwanted loneliness is considered one of the major epidemics of today’s society, not only because of the high levels of suffering it causes, but also due to its associated social and economic consequences. In recent decades, levels of loneliness have steadily increased, especially among young people. Given the importance that peer relationships acquire during adolescence, this stage of development represents a period of vulnerability to loneliness. To prevent loneliness in this population, it is essential to understand which variables may be influencing the adolescent experience of loneliness. Thus, the main objective of this Bachelor's Thesis is to analyze the role of social media use, bullying victimization, and personality in loneliness in adolescence. After reviewing the existing literature on this topic, it can be concluded that social media use, bullying victimization, and personality may indeed explain loneliness during adolescence. Excessive and problematic use of social media, being a victim of bullying (both in-person and online), and certain personality characteristics (neuroticism, extraversion, shyness, need for social recognition, need for affiliation, self-esteem, social skills, and some maladaptive traits) are associated with higher levels of loneliness in adolescence. Understanding these relationships is crucial for developing interventions aimed at preventing and reducing loneliness in this population.
Direction
MERINO MADRID, HIPOLITO (Tutorships)
MERINO MADRID, HIPOLITO (Tutorships)
Court
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Chairman)
GOMEZ FRAGUELA, Xosé Antón (Secretary)
JIMENEZ GARCIA, LUIS MIGUEL (Member)
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Chairman)
GOMEZ FRAGUELA, Xosé Antón (Secretary)
JIMENEZ GARCIA, LUIS MIGUEL (Member)
Social cognition rehabilitation in patients with traumatic brain injury. A systematic review.
Authorship
E.P.M.
Psychology
E.P.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
The relevance of social cognition rehabilitation in patients with TBI lies in its direct impact on their social and functional reintegration. Objective. To examine the available evidence on interventions aimed at rehabilitating social cognition in adult patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Method. A systematic review was conducted in three databases (Scopus, PubMed, and PsycINFO) up to May 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-experimental studies, and single-case designs focusing on emotional recognition, theory of mind, social skills, and emotional self-regulation were included. Methodological quality was assessed using RoB 2.0 for RCTs and specific tools for quasi-experimental and single-case studies. Results. Twenty-two studies met the inclusion criteria, showing a generally low risk of bias in the RCTs and more variability among quasi-experimental designs. Findings highlighted the effectiveness of multicomponent and technology-based interventions (e.g., SoCoBo, telepractice) in improving emotional recognition, theory of mind, and emotional regulation. Likewise, the Cognitive Pragmatic Treatment (CPT) demonstrated high impact on pragmatic communication skills recovery. Conclusions. Multicomponent and technology-based interventions emerge as the most promising for social cognition rehabilitation in TBI. Despite positive outcomes, limitations were identified, such as heterogeneity in protocols, lack of long-term follow-up, and underrepresentation of patients in subacute phases. This review provides an updated synthesis of the evidence, underlining the need for more robust and standardized studies to optimize patients’ social integration.
The relevance of social cognition rehabilitation in patients with TBI lies in its direct impact on their social and functional reintegration. Objective. To examine the available evidence on interventions aimed at rehabilitating social cognition in adult patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Method. A systematic review was conducted in three databases (Scopus, PubMed, and PsycINFO) up to May 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-experimental studies, and single-case designs focusing on emotional recognition, theory of mind, social skills, and emotional self-regulation were included. Methodological quality was assessed using RoB 2.0 for RCTs and specific tools for quasi-experimental and single-case studies. Results. Twenty-two studies met the inclusion criteria, showing a generally low risk of bias in the RCTs and more variability among quasi-experimental designs. Findings highlighted the effectiveness of multicomponent and technology-based interventions (e.g., SoCoBo, telepractice) in improving emotional recognition, theory of mind, and emotional regulation. Likewise, the Cognitive Pragmatic Treatment (CPT) demonstrated high impact on pragmatic communication skills recovery. Conclusions. Multicomponent and technology-based interventions emerge as the most promising for social cognition rehabilitation in TBI. Despite positive outcomes, limitations were identified, such as heterogeneity in protocols, lack of long-term follow-up, and underrepresentation of patients in subacute phases. This review provides an updated synthesis of the evidence, underlining the need for more robust and standardized studies to optimize patients’ social integration.
Direction
CORRAL VARELA, MARIA MONTSERRAT (Tutorships)
CORRAL VARELA, MARIA MONTSERRAT (Tutorships)
Court
MERINO MADRID, HIPOLITO (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Leirós Lobeiras, Luz Isabel (Member)
MERINO MADRID, HIPOLITO (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Leirós Lobeiras, Luz Isabel (Member)
The role of emotion recognition in the differential diagnosis between behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's dementia: a systematic review
Authorship
J.P.F.
Psychology
J.P.F.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
The frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is the third most common disease in people older than 65 years. Its behavioral variant (bvFTD), which entails 50% of the cases, is associated with a progressive degeneration of the neural routes involved in social cognition. On the other hand, the most frequent Alzheimer’s dementia (AD) presentation is associated with a hippocampus degeneration and defined by a noticeable decline of the episodic memory, while its frontal variant presents a more behavioral symptomatology. The possibility of mixing both diseases, and their high prevalence in society, makes it necessary to optimize the differential diagnosis between both types of dementia. The present systematic review aims to study the role of emotional recognition, a social cognition process affected in the bvFTD, to differentiate it from AD. In this review, we included articles that assessed the emotion recognition ability of bvFTD and AD patients. On 10th December 2024, we did a research in Scopus, Pubmed and Psycinfo, of which we extracted the 10 final studies that we used. The total sample of all the studies reaches an amount of 373 bvFTD participants and 335 AD participants. It was observed that the bvFTD group had a more severe deficit in emotion recognition compared to the control group and the AD group, to basic and complex emotions and, especially, toward negative emotions. Therefore, it is considered appropriate to use emotion recognition tests in dementia assessment protocols, to ease the differential diagnosis.
The frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is the third most common disease in people older than 65 years. Its behavioral variant (bvFTD), which entails 50% of the cases, is associated with a progressive degeneration of the neural routes involved in social cognition. On the other hand, the most frequent Alzheimer’s dementia (AD) presentation is associated with a hippocampus degeneration and defined by a noticeable decline of the episodic memory, while its frontal variant presents a more behavioral symptomatology. The possibility of mixing both diseases, and their high prevalence in society, makes it necessary to optimize the differential diagnosis between both types of dementia. The present systematic review aims to study the role of emotional recognition, a social cognition process affected in the bvFTD, to differentiate it from AD. In this review, we included articles that assessed the emotion recognition ability of bvFTD and AD patients. On 10th December 2024, we did a research in Scopus, Pubmed and Psycinfo, of which we extracted the 10 final studies that we used. The total sample of all the studies reaches an amount of 373 bvFTD participants and 335 AD participants. It was observed that the bvFTD group had a more severe deficit in emotion recognition compared to the control group and the AD group, to basic and complex emotions and, especially, toward negative emotions. Therefore, it is considered appropriate to use emotion recognition tests in dementia assessment protocols, to ease the differential diagnosis.
Direction
CORRAL VARELA, MARIA MONTSERRAT (Tutorships)
CORRAL VARELA, MARIA MONTSERRAT (Tutorships)
Court
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Chairman)
Sampedro Vizcaya, María José (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Member)
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Chairman)
Sampedro Vizcaya, María José (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Member)
Psychological treatment to control positive psychotic symptoms
Authorship
P.P.H.
Psychology
P.P.H.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 11:30
07.07.2025 11:30
Summary
Psychotic disorders are defined by the presence of symptoms that significantly distort patients' perception of reality. Positive symptoms of schizophrenia, including delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized thought and behavior, represent core features of these conditions. Although the pharmaceutical industry has devoted considerable effort to mitigating these symptoms, antipsychotic medications demonstrate only limited efficacy in symptom control. Furthermore, the adverse side effects associated with these drugs constitute a major barrier to long-term treatment adherence. The present study aims to evaluate the potential effectiveness of psychotherapy in the management of positive symptoms in individuals with psychotic disorders. To this end, a comprehensive review of the literature was conducted, focusing on studies examining the impact of various psychological interventions, primarily cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and its derivatives. The review also considered different modes of delivery (individual, group, and digital formats), alongside potential effects on additional clinical outcomes, including negative symptoms, depressive symptoms, social functioning, and insight. The findings suggest a consistent trend toward symptomatic improvement through psychotherapy; however, the magnitude of these effects varies depending on the specific intervention employed. Notably, combining psychotherapy with pharmacological treatment appears to produce superior outcomes compared to medication alone. These results offer valuable guidance for enhancing clinical practice in the treatment of severe mental disorders. Nonetheless, further research is needed to refine and expand upon these findings.
Psychotic disorders are defined by the presence of symptoms that significantly distort patients' perception of reality. Positive symptoms of schizophrenia, including delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized thought and behavior, represent core features of these conditions. Although the pharmaceutical industry has devoted considerable effort to mitigating these symptoms, antipsychotic medications demonstrate only limited efficacy in symptom control. Furthermore, the adverse side effects associated with these drugs constitute a major barrier to long-term treatment adherence. The present study aims to evaluate the potential effectiveness of psychotherapy in the management of positive symptoms in individuals with psychotic disorders. To this end, a comprehensive review of the literature was conducted, focusing on studies examining the impact of various psychological interventions, primarily cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and its derivatives. The review also considered different modes of delivery (individual, group, and digital formats), alongside potential effects on additional clinical outcomes, including negative symptoms, depressive symptoms, social functioning, and insight. The findings suggest a consistent trend toward symptomatic improvement through psychotherapy; however, the magnitude of these effects varies depending on the specific intervention employed. Notably, combining psychotherapy with pharmacological treatment appears to produce superior outcomes compared to medication alone. These results offer valuable guidance for enhancing clinical practice in the treatment of severe mental disorders. Nonetheless, further research is needed to refine and expand upon these findings.
Direction
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Tutorships)
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Tutorships)
Court
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Student’s tutor)
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Student’s tutor)
Analysis of the efficacy of three psychosocial interventions for the treatment of bipolar disorder
Authorship
L.P.C.
Psychology
L.P.C.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Bipolar disorder is a chronic, complex mental disorder, characterized by the alternating presence of depressive, manic or hypomanic episodes, that can cause a deterioration in different areas of life for those who suffer from it, affecting their quality of life. In recent years, attention has been increasingly paid to the development of specific psychosocial treatments for bipolar disorder, partly due to the disappointingly low remission and recovery rates achieved with the application of psychotropic drugs alone. Therefore, the aim of the present dissertation was to analyse, through the review of 17 clinical trials, the efficacy of three of the psychological interventions with current empirical support for the management of this disorder: Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Family-Focused Therapy (FFT), and Interpersonal and Social Rhythm Therapy (IPSRT). Namely, this dissertation investigated the main results obtained related to affective symptomatology, relapses, pharmacological adherence and use of health services, quality of life, and functioning in various areas of the lives of the patients. The results indicate that the three therapies can provide clinical benefits compared to pharmacological treatment alone or other interventions used as controls, with FFT presenting the most consistent efficacy. Ultimately, the adoption of an integrative approach, combining pharmacotherapy with an evidence-based psychological intervention, seems to be the best option to guarantee a good clinical course and an improvement in the functioning and quality of life of people suffering from this disorder.
Bipolar disorder is a chronic, complex mental disorder, characterized by the alternating presence of depressive, manic or hypomanic episodes, that can cause a deterioration in different areas of life for those who suffer from it, affecting their quality of life. In recent years, attention has been increasingly paid to the development of specific psychosocial treatments for bipolar disorder, partly due to the disappointingly low remission and recovery rates achieved with the application of psychotropic drugs alone. Therefore, the aim of the present dissertation was to analyse, through the review of 17 clinical trials, the efficacy of three of the psychological interventions with current empirical support for the management of this disorder: Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Family-Focused Therapy (FFT), and Interpersonal and Social Rhythm Therapy (IPSRT). Namely, this dissertation investigated the main results obtained related to affective symptomatology, relapses, pharmacological adherence and use of health services, quality of life, and functioning in various areas of the lives of the patients. The results indicate that the three therapies can provide clinical benefits compared to pharmacological treatment alone or other interventions used as controls, with FFT presenting the most consistent efficacy. Ultimately, the adoption of an integrative approach, combining pharmacotherapy with an evidence-based psychological intervention, seems to be the best option to guarantee a good clinical course and an improvement in the functioning and quality of life of people suffering from this disorder.
Direction
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Tutorships)
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Tutorships)
Court
CUTRIN MOSTEIRO, OLALLA (Chairman)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Secretary)
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Member)
CUTRIN MOSTEIRO, OLALLA (Chairman)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Secretary)
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Member)
Psychological treatments for quitting dual use of tobacco and cannabis.
Authorship
L.Q.D.
Psychology
L.Q.D.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
The dual use of tobacco and cannabis represents a complex addictive behavior that poses specific challenges for therapeutic intervention. In this context, it is essential to identify effective interventions that address this issue. The aim of this paper is to provide an updated review of psychological treatments, administered alone or in combination with pharmacological treatments, for quitting the dual use of tobacco and cannabis, in order to analyze their main characteristics and results. A total of 14 studies with various designs were included, focusing mainly on young adults. The most common psychological treatments were cognitive-behavioral therapy, motivational interviewing and contingency management, while the combined interventions included medications such as varenicline, N-acetylcysteine or nicotine replacement therapy. The findings show promising preliminary results for both types of interventions in terms of reducing and quitting dual use. However, methodological heterogeneity, a lack of long-term abstinence measures and the absence of studies in diverse populations limit the generalization of these findings. There is a need to design treatments adapted to the profiles of the users and current social changes, integrating new technologies and application formats such as group-based interventions.
The dual use of tobacco and cannabis represents a complex addictive behavior that poses specific challenges for therapeutic intervention. In this context, it is essential to identify effective interventions that address this issue. The aim of this paper is to provide an updated review of psychological treatments, administered alone or in combination with pharmacological treatments, for quitting the dual use of tobacco and cannabis, in order to analyze their main characteristics and results. A total of 14 studies with various designs were included, focusing mainly on young adults. The most common psychological treatments were cognitive-behavioral therapy, motivational interviewing and contingency management, while the combined interventions included medications such as varenicline, N-acetylcysteine or nicotine replacement therapy. The findings show promising preliminary results for both types of interventions in terms of reducing and quitting dual use. However, methodological heterogeneity, a lack of long-term abstinence measures and the absence of studies in diverse populations limit the generalization of these findings. There is a need to design treatments adapted to the profiles of the users and current social changes, integrating new technologies and application formats such as group-based interventions.
Direction
BARROSO HURTADO, MARIA (Tutorships)
BARROSO HURTADO, MARIA (Tutorships)
Court
Alzate García, Mónica (Chairman)
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Secretary)
CORRAL VARELA, MARIA MONTSERRAT (Member)
Alzate García, Mónica (Chairman)
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Secretary)
CORRAL VARELA, MARIA MONTSERRAT (Member)
The Emotional Stroop Task and War Veterans
Authorship
N.Q.G.
Psychology
N.Q.G.
Psychology
Defense date
02.13.2025 10:30
02.13.2025 10:30
Summary
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is an intense and persistent condition that is associated with both physical symptoms and an important level of comorbidity with other disorders, such as depression, anxiety, and substance abuse. One of the most affected populations is war veterans, who are often impacted due to prolonged exposure to traumatic events and constant threats to their physical integrity. The Emotional Stroop Task is a test that evaluates the impact of emotional stimuli, such as words related to threatening or traumatic situations, on selective attention processes and cognitive control. The objective is to name the colour in which the words are written, and longer response times are observed for words that are emotionally relevant to the individual. The purpose of this study is to analyse the differences observed between war veterans with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and those without the condition in the execution of the task. To achieve this, a literature review was conducted, and a total of 10 articles were selected for an in-depth analysis. The main results indicate that war veterans with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder show greater delays in naming the colour of words related to combat compared to other word categories and the control group. Despite methodological differences among the reviewed studies, the results are consistent, demonstrating an attentional bias in these individuals toward threatening stimuli.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is an intense and persistent condition that is associated with both physical symptoms and an important level of comorbidity with other disorders, such as depression, anxiety, and substance abuse. One of the most affected populations is war veterans, who are often impacted due to prolonged exposure to traumatic events and constant threats to their physical integrity. The Emotional Stroop Task is a test that evaluates the impact of emotional stimuli, such as words related to threatening or traumatic situations, on selective attention processes and cognitive control. The objective is to name the colour in which the words are written, and longer response times are observed for words that are emotionally relevant to the individual. The purpose of this study is to analyse the differences observed between war veterans with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and those without the condition in the execution of the task. To achieve this, a literature review was conducted, and a total of 10 articles were selected for an in-depth analysis. The main results indicate that war veterans with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder show greater delays in naming the colour of words related to combat compared to other word categories and the control group. Despite methodological differences among the reviewed studies, the results are consistent, demonstrating an attentional bias in these individuals toward threatening stimuli.
Direction
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Tutorships)
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Tutorships)
Court
PONTE FERNANDEZ, DOLORES (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
PONTE FERNANDEZ, DOLORES (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
Evaluation of Malingered Psychological Damage in Rape Cases Using the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI)
Authorship
P.Q.G.
Psychology
P.Q.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 12:30
07.07.2025 12:30
Summary
Sexual violence crimes are characterized by the difficulty in providing evidence because of witnesses’ absence. Medical evidence, such as vaginal injuries, or biological evidence, such as the presence of the accused´s DNA, can be justified as a consent sexual relation. In this context, psychologycal intervention may have a determinant role by the evaluation of the victim´s psychological damage. In legal context, the psychological victim´s assessment is not enough, it becomes imperative to ensure their validity, ruling out malingering. Thus, every psychological assessment applied must have scales to control malingering, besides including scales to evaluate psychological symptomatology. One of the assessments that adjusts to these requirements is the Personality Inventory Assessment. Therefore, there´s few evidence about its application in the Spanish context and, more specifically, in sexual violence context. As a result, this study´s principal objective is to analyze PAI´s effectiveness in the forensic psychological assessment of simulated psychological damage in cases of rape. To do so, it was performed a simulation design (quasi-experimental and intra-subject, in this case), in which participate 33 women of legal age, in absence of mental illness and of sexual victimization. These women should complete the PAI under two conditions: reality and simulation. In the first case, they should fulfill the assessment honestly, whereas in simulation´s case, they should try to simulate the psychological damage characteristic after rape cases. The results show that women are not only capable of faking symptomatology they don´t have, they also can incorporate successfully the symptomatology typical after a rape case in its primary form (PTSD) and even in its secondary form (Anxiety, Depression…). To do so, they used two strategies: “symptoms severity” and “indiscriminate symptomatology aggregation”. On the other hand, the study of the sensitivity of the PAI validity indicators questions their effectiveness in detecting malingering. To conclude, thinking about professional practice, these findings warn about the need of using the PIA combined with other techniques within multi-method and multi-measure protocols.
Sexual violence crimes are characterized by the difficulty in providing evidence because of witnesses’ absence. Medical evidence, such as vaginal injuries, or biological evidence, such as the presence of the accused´s DNA, can be justified as a consent sexual relation. In this context, psychologycal intervention may have a determinant role by the evaluation of the victim´s psychological damage. In legal context, the psychological victim´s assessment is not enough, it becomes imperative to ensure their validity, ruling out malingering. Thus, every psychological assessment applied must have scales to control malingering, besides including scales to evaluate psychological symptomatology. One of the assessments that adjusts to these requirements is the Personality Inventory Assessment. Therefore, there´s few evidence about its application in the Spanish context and, more specifically, in sexual violence context. As a result, this study´s principal objective is to analyze PAI´s effectiveness in the forensic psychological assessment of simulated psychological damage in cases of rape. To do so, it was performed a simulation design (quasi-experimental and intra-subject, in this case), in which participate 33 women of legal age, in absence of mental illness and of sexual victimization. These women should complete the PAI under two conditions: reality and simulation. In the first case, they should fulfill the assessment honestly, whereas in simulation´s case, they should try to simulate the psychological damage characteristic after rape cases. The results show that women are not only capable of faking symptomatology they don´t have, they also can incorporate successfully the symptomatology typical after a rape case in its primary form (PTSD) and even in its secondary form (Anxiety, Depression…). To do so, they used two strategies: “symptoms severity” and “indiscriminate symptomatology aggregation”. On the other hand, the study of the sensitivity of the PAI validity indicators questions their effectiveness in detecting malingering. To conclude, thinking about professional practice, these findings warn about the need of using the PIA combined with other techniques within multi-method and multi-measure protocols.
Direction
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Tutorships)
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Tutorships)
Court
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Coordinator)
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Student’s tutor)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Coordinator)
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Student’s tutor)
Eating disorders in artistic gymnasts.
Authorship
R.R.S.
Psychology
R.R.S.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:00
07.07.2025 10:00
Summary
This study addresses eating disorders (ED) in artistic gymnasts, with the aim of identifying their prevalence, associated risk factors and consequences on both their physical and psychological health. The main results of the literature review coincide in characterizing these disorders as an alteration in eating and weight control, which is often exacerbated in the practitioners of this aesthetic sport given the high aesthetic and performance demands to which they are exposed, and the social pressure exerted by their coaches and family members to achieve sporting success. Since in this sport thinness is perceived as a determinant of success, it is common for gymnasts to show high body dissatisfaction, which together with the need to achieve perfection in all areas of their lives and the anxiety they suffer as a result, increases the risk of developing an eating disorder and adopting restrictive diets and behaviors harmful to their overall health. The latter leads to a set of hormonal disorders, menstrual alterations and loss of bone density, known as the “female athlete triad”, which increases the risk of fractures and metabolic problems, as well as depression and anxiety, affecting their quality of life. Furthermore, the studies reviewed show that the prevalence of ED in athletes (especially in aesthetic sports) is higher than in the general population, with the incidence in Spanish gymnasts being 23%, which reflects the seriousness of the problem and the importance of prevention and early intervention to identify the first signs of ED and thus minimize its impact, ensuring the welfare of gymnasts.
This study addresses eating disorders (ED) in artistic gymnasts, with the aim of identifying their prevalence, associated risk factors and consequences on both their physical and psychological health. The main results of the literature review coincide in characterizing these disorders as an alteration in eating and weight control, which is often exacerbated in the practitioners of this aesthetic sport given the high aesthetic and performance demands to which they are exposed, and the social pressure exerted by their coaches and family members to achieve sporting success. Since in this sport thinness is perceived as a determinant of success, it is common for gymnasts to show high body dissatisfaction, which together with the need to achieve perfection in all areas of their lives and the anxiety they suffer as a result, increases the risk of developing an eating disorder and adopting restrictive diets and behaviors harmful to their overall health. The latter leads to a set of hormonal disorders, menstrual alterations and loss of bone density, known as the “female athlete triad”, which increases the risk of fractures and metabolic problems, as well as depression and anxiety, affecting their quality of life. Furthermore, the studies reviewed show that the prevalence of ED in athletes (especially in aesthetic sports) is higher than in the general population, with the incidence in Spanish gymnasts being 23%, which reflects the seriousness of the problem and the importance of prevention and early intervention to identify the first signs of ED and thus minimize its impact, ensuring the welfare of gymnasts.
Direction
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Tutorships)
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Tutorships)
Court
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Student’s tutor)
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Student’s tutor)
Social isolation in individuals with hearing disabilities.
Authorship
G.R.M.
Psychology
G.R.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 12:00
07.07.2025 12:00
Summary
Hearing loss has several consequences that can affect individuals' lives, particularly in terms of social and psychological/emotional development. One of the most frequent consequences is social isolation, which results from the communication difficulties faced by individuals with hearing impairment in various everyday situations, significantly impacting their overall well-being. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between social isolation and hearing loss through a systematic literature review. The databases WOS and PsycInfo were used for the literature search. Studies that investigated the association between social isolation and hearing loss were included, while those focusing on unrelated topics or on psychiatric disorders such as dementia or schizophrenia were excluded. Out of 173 articles initially identified, 14 were selected for the final review. The results indicate a clear association between social is olation, reduced social participation, and a diminished support network. Moreover, advancing age appears to increase the risk of social isolation among individuals with more severe hearing loss, while the use of interventions such as hearing aids was associated with improvements. Additionally, individuals experiencing social isolation may develop emotional consequences, including depression. In conclusion, preventing social isolation among individuals with hearing loss is essential to avoid negative socio-emotional outcomes and to promote overall well-being.
Hearing loss has several consequences that can affect individuals' lives, particularly in terms of social and psychological/emotional development. One of the most frequent consequences is social isolation, which results from the communication difficulties faced by individuals with hearing impairment in various everyday situations, significantly impacting their overall well-being. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between social isolation and hearing loss through a systematic literature review. The databases WOS and PsycInfo were used for the literature search. Studies that investigated the association between social isolation and hearing loss were included, while those focusing on unrelated topics or on psychiatric disorders such as dementia or schizophrenia were excluded. Out of 173 articles initially identified, 14 were selected for the final review. The results indicate a clear association between social is olation, reduced social participation, and a diminished support network. Moreover, advancing age appears to increase the risk of social isolation among individuals with more severe hearing loss, while the use of interventions such as hearing aids was associated with improvements. Additionally, individuals experiencing social isolation may develop emotional consequences, including depression. In conclusion, preventing social isolation among individuals with hearing loss is essential to avoid negative socio-emotional outcomes and to promote overall well-being.
Direction
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Tutorships)
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Tutorships)
Court
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Student’s tutor)
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Student’s tutor)
Risk and protective factors for the development of posttraumatic growth in people who have ost a loved one to suicide: a systematic review
Authorship
M.R.O.
Psychology
M.R.O.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Suicide entails significant psychological and social consequences for close individuals, who present a high risk of developing complicated grief, as well as other adaptive difficulties, partly due to the associated stigma. These circumstances may hinder the return to everyday life. The objective of this review was to identify risk and protective factors for the development of posttraumatic growth (PTG or CPT in spanish) in people who have lost a loved one to suicide. A systematic review was conducted in PsycINFO, SCOPUS, and Medline. Quantitative studies were included that analyzed factors related to PTG, evaluated posttraumatic growth as a primary or secondary variable, included individuals affected by suicide loss, used standardized instruments, and were published in English or Spanish with full text available. A total of 13 studies were selected: seven addressed interpersonal factors, four analyzed intrapersonal variables, and two evaluated concomitant factors. The findings indicated that variables such as perceived social support, self-disclosure, and self-forgiveness were positively associated with PTG, whereas thwarted belongingness and perceived social stigma were negatively associated. It is concluded that multiple factors influence PTG following a suicide loss, although further longitudinal and cross-cultural research is needed on PTG, with diverse samples and standardized measures, in order to deepen the understanding of adaptation and recovery processes in this population.
Suicide entails significant psychological and social consequences for close individuals, who present a high risk of developing complicated grief, as well as other adaptive difficulties, partly due to the associated stigma. These circumstances may hinder the return to everyday life. The objective of this review was to identify risk and protective factors for the development of posttraumatic growth (PTG or CPT in spanish) in people who have lost a loved one to suicide. A systematic review was conducted in PsycINFO, SCOPUS, and Medline. Quantitative studies were included that analyzed factors related to PTG, evaluated posttraumatic growth as a primary or secondary variable, included individuals affected by suicide loss, used standardized instruments, and were published in English or Spanish with full text available. A total of 13 studies were selected: seven addressed interpersonal factors, four analyzed intrapersonal variables, and two evaluated concomitant factors. The findings indicated that variables such as perceived social support, self-disclosure, and self-forgiveness were positively associated with PTG, whereas thwarted belongingness and perceived social stigma were negatively associated. It is concluded that multiple factors influence PTG following a suicide loss, although further longitudinal and cross-cultural research is needed on PTG, with diverse samples and standardized measures, in order to deepen the understanding of adaptation and recovery processes in this population.
Direction
VAZQUEZ GONZALEZ, FERNANDO LINO (Tutorships)
COTARDO VALCARCEL, TANIA (Co-tutorships)
VAZQUEZ GONZALEZ, FERNANDO LINO (Tutorships)
COTARDO VALCARCEL, TANIA (Co-tutorships)
Court
López Durán, Ana (Chairman)
ALCARAZ GARCIA, MIGUEL ANGEL (Secretary)
Carrillo De la Peña, María Teresa (Member)
López Durán, Ana (Chairman)
ALCARAZ GARCIA, MIGUEL ANGEL (Secretary)
Carrillo De la Peña, María Teresa (Member)
Generative AI: The Fear of Missing Out (FoMO)
Authorship
M.R.B.
Psychology
M.R.B.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 09:30
07.07.2025 09:30
Summary
The research carried out will test the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as the main theoretical framework. However, this model will be adapted to Generative Artificial Intelligence with the aim of analyzing the factors that influence the intention to use artificial intelligence, more specifically, ChatGPT, by university students. In addition to the variables that make up the model (perceived usefulness, ease of use, attitude toward use, and intention to use), the relationship between the use of Artificial Intelligence, perceived anxiety, and perceived risk will also be studied, as well as the possible relationship that may exist with FoMO (Fear of Missing Out), that is, the fear of missing something. This study focuses on the relationship between these variables, studying how emotional and social aspects may influence the acceptance of a technology. In order to carry out this research, a pilot study was designed with a sample of participants consisting of 115 individuals, 14 men and 101 women between 18 and 22 years old, all of them first-year students of the Psychology Degree at the University of Santiago de Compostela, who were administered the structured questionnaire with the different scales used. The research method used includes descriptive statistical analyses, reliability analysis using Cronbach’s alpha, bivariate correlation analyses, multiple linear regressions, and a non- parametric Mann-Whitney U test. The main results showed that perceived usefulness, positive attitude, and FoMO significantly predict the intention to use ChatGPT, while anxiety and perceived risk have a negative but less significant influence. This research provides a deeper understanding of the adoption of new technologies from an integrative perspective.
The research carried out will test the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as the main theoretical framework. However, this model will be adapted to Generative Artificial Intelligence with the aim of analyzing the factors that influence the intention to use artificial intelligence, more specifically, ChatGPT, by university students. In addition to the variables that make up the model (perceived usefulness, ease of use, attitude toward use, and intention to use), the relationship between the use of Artificial Intelligence, perceived anxiety, and perceived risk will also be studied, as well as the possible relationship that may exist with FoMO (Fear of Missing Out), that is, the fear of missing something. This study focuses on the relationship between these variables, studying how emotional and social aspects may influence the acceptance of a technology. In order to carry out this research, a pilot study was designed with a sample of participants consisting of 115 individuals, 14 men and 101 women between 18 and 22 years old, all of them first-year students of the Psychology Degree at the University of Santiago de Compostela, who were administered the structured questionnaire with the different scales used. The research method used includes descriptive statistical analyses, reliability analysis using Cronbach’s alpha, bivariate correlation analyses, multiple linear regressions, and a non- parametric Mann-Whitney U test. The main results showed that perceived usefulness, positive attitude, and FoMO significantly predict the intention to use ChatGPT, while anxiety and perceived risk have a negative but less significant influence. This research provides a deeper understanding of the adoption of new technologies from an integrative perspective.
Direction
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Tutorships)
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Tutorships)
Court
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Student’s tutor)
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Student’s tutor)
Effect of HD-tACS Stimulation with Combined Theta-Gamma Frequencies on Working Memory: A Pilot Study
Authorship
M.R.B.
Psychology
M.R.B.
Psychology
Defense date
02.13.2025 12:30
02.13.2025 12:30
Summary
Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique that modulates cognitive processes by altering brain oscillatory rhythms. Previous studies have demonstrated its efficacy in working memory (WM) using theta (4-8 Hz) and gamma (30-80 Hz) stimulation frequencies. However, there is still very little evidence regarding the use of the combined theta-gamma wave frequency, especially in healthy aging populations or within the continuum of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, the aim of this pilot study is to determine whether high-density tACS (HD-tACS) with combined theta-gamma frequencies (6 Hz and 50 Hz), applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), improves performance in a WM task in a sample of 16 individuals diagnosed with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) or Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD). To test this, a single-blind, randomized, within-subject pilot study was conducted, in which 16 participants (11 men and 5 women) aged 57-83 years were evaluated up to three times on a visuospatial working memory task (match to sample). Between evaluation sessions, participants received either HD-tACS stimulation or a placebo. Behavioral data from the variables D prime, RT (Reaction Time)-Hits, RT-False Alarms, and RT-Correct Rejections were subjected to a 2x2 analysis of variance (ANOVA), with one main factor being Session (two levels: pre-intervention evaluation and post-intervention evaluation) and the other main factor being Treatment (two levels: real stimulation and placebo stimulation). The results showed only a marginally significant effect for the D prime variable in the main factor Session, meaning there were differences between pre- and post-stimulation sessions but not in relation to the type of stimulation received. No significant differences were found in the remaining variables. These findings do not support the initial hypothesis that combined theta-gamma HD-tACS improves WM performance compared to the placebo condition.
Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique that modulates cognitive processes by altering brain oscillatory rhythms. Previous studies have demonstrated its efficacy in working memory (WM) using theta (4-8 Hz) and gamma (30-80 Hz) stimulation frequencies. However, there is still very little evidence regarding the use of the combined theta-gamma wave frequency, especially in healthy aging populations or within the continuum of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, the aim of this pilot study is to determine whether high-density tACS (HD-tACS) with combined theta-gamma frequencies (6 Hz and 50 Hz), applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), improves performance in a WM task in a sample of 16 individuals diagnosed with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) or Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD). To test this, a single-blind, randomized, within-subject pilot study was conducted, in which 16 participants (11 men and 5 women) aged 57-83 years were evaluated up to three times on a visuospatial working memory task (match to sample). Between evaluation sessions, participants received either HD-tACS stimulation or a placebo. Behavioral data from the variables D prime, RT (Reaction Time)-Hits, RT-False Alarms, and RT-Correct Rejections were subjected to a 2x2 analysis of variance (ANOVA), with one main factor being Session (two levels: pre-intervention evaluation and post-intervention evaluation) and the other main factor being Treatment (two levels: real stimulation and placebo stimulation). The results showed only a marginally significant effect for the D prime variable in the main factor Session, meaning there were differences between pre- and post-stimulation sessions but not in relation to the type of stimulation received. No significant differences were found in the remaining variables. These findings do not support the initial hypothesis that combined theta-gamma HD-tACS improves WM performance compared to the placebo condition.
Direction
Díaz Fernández, Fernando (Tutorships)
CORREA JARABA, KENIA SHAILY (Co-tutorships)
Díaz Fernández, Fernando (Tutorships)
CORREA JARABA, KENIA SHAILY (Co-tutorships)
Court
CORREA JARABA, KENIA SHAILY (Student’s tutor)
Díaz Fernández, Fernando (Student’s tutor)
CORREA JARABA, KENIA SHAILY (Student’s tutor)
Díaz Fernández, Fernando (Student’s tutor)
The effectiveness of universal prevention in antisocial behavior
Authorship
P.R.D.
Psychology
P.R.D.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Antisocial behavior poses a significant challenge to society, manifesting in actions that violate norms and rights, such as aggression, theft, and vandalism. Given its high prevalence in adolescence and its negative consequences for society and the individual development of minors, early prevention is an essential strategy during this vulnerable stage. In this context, universal prevention programs implemented in school settings and based on teaching social and life skills are particularly useful, intervening before problems become entrenched. However, the effectiveness of these interventions must be rigorously evaluated to ensure resources are directed towards evidence-based interventions. The objective of this Degree Final Proyect is to analyze the efficacy of these preventive programs for antisocial behavior in child and adolescent populations. To achieve this, a literature search was conducted, selecting 10 studies that evaluate the impact of such interventions. Their methodological characteristics, program components, and the observed effects on behaviors and skills associated with antisocial conduct were analyzed. The results of this review revealed clear improvements in problematic behavior but inconsistent benefits in social skills for children under 12. There's a notable lack of long-term effects and limited efficacy against bullying or criminal violence, despite positively modifying attitudes and resistance skills to peer influence. Children with higher initial behavioral risk benefited more from the intervention. Program effectiveness increases with longer duration, multicomponent approaches, fidelity in implementation and adaptation to each developmental stage. These findings highlight the need for continued research to optimize preventive interventions.
Antisocial behavior poses a significant challenge to society, manifesting in actions that violate norms and rights, such as aggression, theft, and vandalism. Given its high prevalence in adolescence and its negative consequences for society and the individual development of minors, early prevention is an essential strategy during this vulnerable stage. In this context, universal prevention programs implemented in school settings and based on teaching social and life skills are particularly useful, intervening before problems become entrenched. However, the effectiveness of these interventions must be rigorously evaluated to ensure resources are directed towards evidence-based interventions. The objective of this Degree Final Proyect is to analyze the efficacy of these preventive programs for antisocial behavior in child and adolescent populations. To achieve this, a literature search was conducted, selecting 10 studies that evaluate the impact of such interventions. Their methodological characteristics, program components, and the observed effects on behaviors and skills associated with antisocial conduct were analyzed. The results of this review revealed clear improvements in problematic behavior but inconsistent benefits in social skills for children under 12. There's a notable lack of long-term effects and limited efficacy against bullying or criminal violence, despite positively modifying attitudes and resistance skills to peer influence. Children with higher initial behavioral risk benefited more from the intervention. Program effectiveness increases with longer duration, multicomponent approaches, fidelity in implementation and adaptation to each developmental stage. These findings highlight the need for continued research to optimize preventive interventions.
Direction
CUTRIN MOSTEIRO, OLALLA (Tutorships)
CUTRIN MOSTEIRO, OLALLA (Tutorships)
Court
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Chairman)
Cadaveira Mahía, Fernando (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Chairman)
Cadaveira Mahía, Fernando (Secretary)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Member)
Influence of emotional regulation on alcohol consumption in university students
Authorship
P.R.L.
Psychology
P.R.L.
Psychology
Defense date
02.13.2025 13:00
02.13.2025 13:00
Summary
Low tolerance to distress may be associated with poor emotional regulation and contribute to motivations for drinking as a way to cope with problems. Numerous studies in the literature have found that difficulties in emotional regulation are positively related to increased alcohol consumption. The aim of this study is to examine this relationship, taking into account the different dimensions of the Emotional Regulation Difficulties Scale (DERS) and gender differences, in a sample of 185 students from the University of Santiago de Compostela, aged between 19 and 21. To this end, participants completed the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). The results show that deficits in emotional regulation are significantly associated with heavy alcohol consumption, particularly in the dimensions of Goals, Clarity, Strategies, and Impulse. Specifically, Goals and Clarity are the dimensions that best predict AUDIT scores, accounting for 11.6% of the variance. However, no significant data were found regarding gender differences. The findings of this study highlight the importance of developing interventions that incorporate emotional skill-building as a key strategy for preventing and addressing excessive alcohol consumption.
Low tolerance to distress may be associated with poor emotional regulation and contribute to motivations for drinking as a way to cope with problems. Numerous studies in the literature have found that difficulties in emotional regulation are positively related to increased alcohol consumption. The aim of this study is to examine this relationship, taking into account the different dimensions of the Emotional Regulation Difficulties Scale (DERS) and gender differences, in a sample of 185 students from the University of Santiago de Compostela, aged between 19 and 21. To this end, participants completed the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). The results show that deficits in emotional regulation are significantly associated with heavy alcohol consumption, particularly in the dimensions of Goals, Clarity, Strategies, and Impulse. Specifically, Goals and Clarity are the dimensions that best predict AUDIT scores, accounting for 11.6% of the variance. However, no significant data were found regarding gender differences. The findings of this study highlight the importance of developing interventions that incorporate emotional skill-building as a key strategy for preventing and addressing excessive alcohol consumption.
Direction
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Tutorships)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Tutorships)
Court
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Student’s tutor)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Student’s tutor)
The relationship between Borderline Personality Disorder and emotional instability: a systematic review.
Authorship
P.R.V.
Psychology
P.R.V.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a severe psychopathological condition, prevalent and characterized by high comorbidity. Among the factors that most contribute to its diagnostic and therapeutic complexity is emotional instability, which is considered a core feature of the disorder. In this context, the present work conducts a systematic review on the relationship between BPD and emotional instability, examining the latter’s role as an explanatory mechanism, mediator and central feature within the clinical profile. The literature search was conducted in two scientific databases, Scopus and ProQuest, following the PRISMA 2020 Model guidelines. Sixteen empirical studies published between 2013 and 2024 that specifically addressed the relationship between BPD and emotional instability were included. The results show that emotional instability not only constitutes an observable clinical trait but also plays a structural role in the psychopathology of BPD. It acts as a cross-cutting axis that influences the emergence, maintenance and intensification of symptoms such as impulsivity, aggressiveness, self-injury or interpersonal instability. The identification of distinct subtypes of BPD based on patterns of emotional dysregulation reinforces the notion of its clinical heterogeneity. These findings raise the need to consider instability not just as another symptom, but as one of the priority targets for the assessment and design of more effective and personalized therapeutic interventions.
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a severe psychopathological condition, prevalent and characterized by high comorbidity. Among the factors that most contribute to its diagnostic and therapeutic complexity is emotional instability, which is considered a core feature of the disorder. In this context, the present work conducts a systematic review on the relationship between BPD and emotional instability, examining the latter’s role as an explanatory mechanism, mediator and central feature within the clinical profile. The literature search was conducted in two scientific databases, Scopus and ProQuest, following the PRISMA 2020 Model guidelines. Sixteen empirical studies published between 2013 and 2024 that specifically addressed the relationship between BPD and emotional instability were included. The results show that emotional instability not only constitutes an observable clinical trait but also plays a structural role in the psychopathology of BPD. It acts as a cross-cutting axis that influences the emergence, maintenance and intensification of symptoms such as impulsivity, aggressiveness, self-injury or interpersonal instability. The identification of distinct subtypes of BPD based on patterns of emotional dysregulation reinforces the notion of its clinical heterogeneity. These findings raise the need to consider instability not just as another symptom, but as one of the priority targets for the assessment and design of more effective and personalized therapeutic interventions.
Direction
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Tutorships)
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Tutorships)
Court
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Chairman)
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Secretary)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Member)
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Chairman)
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Secretary)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Member)
Parenting Styles and Self-Esteem in Adolescence
Authorship
P.R.F.
Psychology
P.R.F.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
The development of self-esteem during adolescence is a key factor for the emotional and social well-being of young people, and it is closely influenced by the parenting styles adopted by parents. Various studies have shown how different parenting styles significantly impact the formation and maintenance of self-esteem during this critical period of development. The aim of this work was to review the existing scientific literature on the relationship between parenting styles and adolescent self-esteem, in order to identify the styles that foster healthy psychological development. To this end, a systematic search was conducted in the PsychInfo and Web of Science databases. Twenty articles published between 2010 and 2025 were included. The review showed that the authoritative style is associated with higher self-esteem and better psychological adjustment. However, it was also observed that in certain cultural contexts, such as in Mediterranean or Latin American countries, an indulgent style based on warmth without strict control may be even more beneficial for the development of self-esteem. The studies, mostly cross-sectional and based on adolescent self-reports, highlight the need for longitudinal studies that also include perspectives from parents and other contextual variables, such as gender and culture, for a more complete understanding of this phenomenon. Better understanding of how parenting styles influence adolescent self-esteem will help develop more effective intervention strategies to promote the emotional well-being of young people.
The development of self-esteem during adolescence is a key factor for the emotional and social well-being of young people, and it is closely influenced by the parenting styles adopted by parents. Various studies have shown how different parenting styles significantly impact the formation and maintenance of self-esteem during this critical period of development. The aim of this work was to review the existing scientific literature on the relationship between parenting styles and adolescent self-esteem, in order to identify the styles that foster healthy psychological development. To this end, a systematic search was conducted in the PsychInfo and Web of Science databases. Twenty articles published between 2010 and 2025 were included. The review showed that the authoritative style is associated with higher self-esteem and better psychological adjustment. However, it was also observed that in certain cultural contexts, such as in Mediterranean or Latin American countries, an indulgent style based on warmth without strict control may be even more beneficial for the development of self-esteem. The studies, mostly cross-sectional and based on adolescent self-reports, highlight the need for longitudinal studies that also include perspectives from parents and other contextual variables, such as gender and culture, for a more complete understanding of this phenomenon. Better understanding of how parenting styles influence adolescent self-esteem will help develop more effective intervention strategies to promote the emotional well-being of young people.
Direction
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Tutorships)
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Tutorships)
Court
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Student’s tutor)
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Student’s tutor)
Analysis of the relevance of cognitive biases, personality, and individual factors in the credibility and dissemination of fake news.
Authorship
P.S.P.
Psychology
P.S.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
The aim of this assignment is to be able to comprehend why does it look like fake news are spread more quickly and the reach further than true information, as well as to analyze mental processes that make us more likely to believe them. We will try to answer why do fake news exist, what happens at a cognitive level when users are in front of them, as well as if personal characteristics that make us more or less able to tell apart falsehood from true really exist. First, we will begin giving some definitions os the concept of fake news to understand what are we talking about, also, we will give a small review to it’s history highlighting three key moments where they suffered a zenith. As well as a small preview of the issues that will be analyzed in more depth throughout the assignment. Next, the method, with the corresponding inclusion and exclusion criteria, as the PRISMA model demands. Afterwards, the most relevant results found in the articles included will finally be presented, both those that confirm the initial research hypothesis and those that continue to raise doubts about the possible influence of the personal factors on the credibility of fake news. Therefore, in the discusion we will try to summarize the overlapping results, relating them to the initial hypothesis, contrasting those that showed more disparate results. Finally, the conclusions will briefly present the most contrasted results, as well as the limitations found in the articles included in those less studied aspects.
The aim of this assignment is to be able to comprehend why does it look like fake news are spread more quickly and the reach further than true information, as well as to analyze mental processes that make us more likely to believe them. We will try to answer why do fake news exist, what happens at a cognitive level when users are in front of them, as well as if personal characteristics that make us more or less able to tell apart falsehood from true really exist. First, we will begin giving some definitions os the concept of fake news to understand what are we talking about, also, we will give a small review to it’s history highlighting three key moments where they suffered a zenith. As well as a small preview of the issues that will be analyzed in more depth throughout the assignment. Next, the method, with the corresponding inclusion and exclusion criteria, as the PRISMA model demands. Afterwards, the most relevant results found in the articles included will finally be presented, both those that confirm the initial research hypothesis and those that continue to raise doubts about the possible influence of the personal factors on the credibility of fake news. Therefore, in the discusion we will try to summarize the overlapping results, relating them to the initial hypothesis, contrasting those that showed more disparate results. Finally, the conclusions will briefly present the most contrasted results, as well as the limitations found in the articles included in those less studied aspects.
Direction
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Tutorships)
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Tutorships)
Court
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Student’s tutor)
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Student’s tutor)
Psychological-Forensic Assessment of Malingered Psychopathology with the MMPI-2-RF in Cases of Criminal inimputability
Authorship
M.S.T.
Psychology
M.S.T.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
For the assesment of criminal responsability within the Spanish legal system, the defendant´s cognition and volition at the time of the offense are the primary factors considered. The absence or impairment of either of theese may result in legal benefits for the defendant regarding sentencing. Consequently, the simulation of psychopathological symptoms is a common practice that must be carefully evaluated in jucidial cases. The MMPI-2-RF is a psychometric test used in clinical assessment that records psychopathological symptoms and analyzes malingering. The main objective of the present study was to assess the usefulness of the MMPI-2-RF as a tool for forensic psychological evaluation of criminal responsibility. To this end, 40 participants without severe mental disorders or criminal records completed the MMPI-2-RF under two conditions: a) Simulation: participants were instructed to respond as if they were simulating a severe mental disorder in order to justify a declaration of non-responsability in a trial; and b) Honesty: participants were asked to respond truthfully. Therefore, a classic simulation design was used. The results showed that individuals from the general population are capable of simulating symptoms corresponding to severe mental disorders, specifically psychotic disorders, which could support a declaration of non-responsibility. On the other hand, the validity scales of the instrument demonstrated good sensivity in detecting simulated cases, specifically the F-r and RBS scales, which detected 85% and 72.5% of simulators respectively. However, no single scale, nor any combination of scales, was fully effective in identifying all cases within the simulation condition. Thus, the assessment of criminal responsibility requires a multimethod protocol that ensures a reliable differential diagnosis of malingering.
For the assesment of criminal responsability within the Spanish legal system, the defendant´s cognition and volition at the time of the offense are the primary factors considered. The absence or impairment of either of theese may result in legal benefits for the defendant regarding sentencing. Consequently, the simulation of psychopathological symptoms is a common practice that must be carefully evaluated in jucidial cases. The MMPI-2-RF is a psychometric test used in clinical assessment that records psychopathological symptoms and analyzes malingering. The main objective of the present study was to assess the usefulness of the MMPI-2-RF as a tool for forensic psychological evaluation of criminal responsibility. To this end, 40 participants without severe mental disorders or criminal records completed the MMPI-2-RF under two conditions: a) Simulation: participants were instructed to respond as if they were simulating a severe mental disorder in order to justify a declaration of non-responsability in a trial; and b) Honesty: participants were asked to respond truthfully. Therefore, a classic simulation design was used. The results showed that individuals from the general population are capable of simulating symptoms corresponding to severe mental disorders, specifically psychotic disorders, which could support a declaration of non-responsibility. On the other hand, the validity scales of the instrument demonstrated good sensivity in detecting simulated cases, specifically the F-r and RBS scales, which detected 85% and 72.5% of simulators respectively. However, no single scale, nor any combination of scales, was fully effective in identifying all cases within the simulation condition. Thus, the assessment of criminal responsibility requires a multimethod protocol that ensures a reliable differential diagnosis of malingering.
Direction
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Tutorships)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Tutorships)
Court
MERINO MADRID, HIPOLITO (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Leirós Lobeiras, Luz Isabel (Member)
MERINO MADRID, HIPOLITO (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Leirós Lobeiras, Luz Isabel (Member)
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and alcohol use in women
Authorship
L.S.B.
Psychology
L.S.B.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental disorder characterized by the presence of intrusion symptoms, avoidance, negative alterations in cognition and mood, and hyperarousal following exposure to a traumatic event. Its prevalence, duration, and severity are generally higher in women, and it is frequently associated with problematic alcohol use, which has recently increased significantly among women. The main objective of this paper is to conduct a literature review focused on the relationship between PTSD and alcohol consumption in women, considering the directionality of this relationship and its characteristics in this population. To this end, a literature review of recent publications was carried out using the PsycInfo and PubMed databases, from which 14 articles published between 2020 and 2024 were selected. The results showed that the most studied relationship in women is the one in which PTSD precedes alcohol use, with the substance being used as a coping strategy. Bidirectional relationships were also found, with the most common pattern in women being that PTSD increases the risk of alcohol consumption. Emotional dysregulation emerged as a key psychological mechanism in this relationship. In terms of the quantity and types of trauma, sexual assault, intimate partner violence, and the experience of multiple traumas stood out as factors contributing to the worsening of PTSD and alcohol use in women.
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental disorder characterized by the presence of intrusion symptoms, avoidance, negative alterations in cognition and mood, and hyperarousal following exposure to a traumatic event. Its prevalence, duration, and severity are generally higher in women, and it is frequently associated with problematic alcohol use, which has recently increased significantly among women. The main objective of this paper is to conduct a literature review focused on the relationship between PTSD and alcohol consumption in women, considering the directionality of this relationship and its characteristics in this population. To this end, a literature review of recent publications was carried out using the PsycInfo and PubMed databases, from which 14 articles published between 2020 and 2024 were selected. The results showed that the most studied relationship in women is the one in which PTSD precedes alcohol use, with the substance being used as a coping strategy. Bidirectional relationships were also found, with the most common pattern in women being that PTSD increases the risk of alcohol consumption. Emotional dysregulation emerged as a key psychological mechanism in this relationship. In terms of the quantity and types of trauma, sexual assault, intimate partner violence, and the experience of multiple traumas stood out as factors contributing to the worsening of PTSD and alcohol use in women.
Direction
López Durán, Ana (Tutorships)
López Durán, Ana (Tutorships)
Court
BECOÑA IGLESIAS, ELISARDO (Chairman)
REDONDO LAGO, JAIME MAURO (Secretary)
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Member)
BECOÑA IGLESIAS, ELISARDO (Chairman)
REDONDO LAGO, JAIME MAURO (Secretary)
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Member)
Differential neural bases of self-reflection and other-reflection.
Authorship
N.S.F.
Psychology
N.S.F.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 13:00
07.07.2025 13:00
Summary
This literature review addresses self-reflection and hetero-reflection from their neural bases, based on recents studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in healthy adults. Special attention is given to the different dimensions involved in both processes. The findings consistently point out the involvement of cortical regions associated with the default mode network. Regarding self-reflection, the media prefrontal cortex plays a key role, with a functional division between the dorsal and ventral mPFC, the latter showing greater activation when reflecting on self-concept. In constrast, hetero-reflection showed broader and more diverse activation patterns, modulated by social distance and the type of relationship with the participant. Finally, the results also indicate a differentation of the various dimensions of the self and others (physical, mental, social), allowing for a more precise mapping of metacognitive processes.
This literature review addresses self-reflection and hetero-reflection from their neural bases, based on recents studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in healthy adults. Special attention is given to the different dimensions involved in both processes. The findings consistently point out the involvement of cortical regions associated with the default mode network. Regarding self-reflection, the media prefrontal cortex plays a key role, with a functional division between the dorsal and ventral mPFC, the latter showing greater activation when reflecting on self-concept. In constrast, hetero-reflection showed broader and more diverse activation patterns, modulated by social distance and the type of relationship with the participant. Finally, the results also indicate a differentation of the various dimensions of the self and others (physical, mental, social), allowing for a more precise mapping of metacognitive processes.
Direction
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Tutorships)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Tutorships)
Court
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Student’s tutor)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Student’s tutor)
Effectiveness of positive psychology-based interventions on the well-being of patients with advanced illnes and poor prognosis: a systematic review
Authorship
E.S.M.
Psychology
E.S.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
People with advanced and life-limiting illness often experience significant existential, emotional and spiritual suffering. In recent years, multiple interventions based on positive psychology have been developed to enhace the well-being of these population. The aim of this review is to analyze the effectiveness of these interventions in end-of-life care. A literature search was conducted in three databases: Web of Sciencie, PsycINFO and Scopus; resulting in the selection of 14 studies that met predefined elegibility criteria. The results were organized into three main categories: existential well-being, psychological distress, and attitudes toward death and the end of life. Among the main findings, the interventions showed positive effects on existential well-being; mixed results regarding psychological distress; and preliminary evidence concerning attitudes toward death and the end of life, although limited by the small number of studies addressing this dimension. It is concluded that these interventions are promising, although further rigorous research is needed to support their effectiveness and clinical implementation.
People with advanced and life-limiting illness often experience significant existential, emotional and spiritual suffering. In recent years, multiple interventions based on positive psychology have been developed to enhace the well-being of these population. The aim of this review is to analyze the effectiveness of these interventions in end-of-life care. A literature search was conducted in three databases: Web of Sciencie, PsycINFO and Scopus; resulting in the selection of 14 studies that met predefined elegibility criteria. The results were organized into three main categories: existential well-being, psychological distress, and attitudes toward death and the end of life. Among the main findings, the interventions showed positive effects on existential well-being; mixed results regarding psychological distress; and preliminary evidence concerning attitudes toward death and the end of life, although limited by the small number of studies addressing this dimension. It is concluded that these interventions are promising, although further rigorous research is needed to support their effectiveness and clinical implementation.
Direction
VAZQUEZ GONZALEZ, FERNANDO LINO (Tutorships)
BOUZA PETEIRO, QUEILA (Co-tutorships)
VAZQUEZ GONZALEZ, FERNANDO LINO (Tutorships)
BOUZA PETEIRO, QUEILA (Co-tutorships)
Court
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Chairman)
GOMEZ FRAGUELA, Xosé Antón (Secretary)
JIMENEZ GARCIA, LUIS MIGUEL (Member)
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Chairman)
GOMEZ FRAGUELA, Xosé Antón (Secretary)
JIMENEZ GARCIA, LUIS MIGUEL (Member)
Influence of cognitive reserve on subjective cognitive decline
Authorship
C.S.V.
Psychology
C.S.V.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 09:30
07.07.2025 09:30
Summary
The purpose of this literature review is to evaluate the main findings of the last 5 years regarding the influence of cognitive reserve (CR) on subjective cognitive decline (SCD). To this end, an exhaustive search was conducted in the PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. After analyzing the results, we conclude that there is indeed a relationship between CR and SCD, and that different CR indicators can act as protective factors against cognitive decline. Not all indicators carry the same weight or act in the same way. Modifiable factors allow for increased CR, while non-modifiable factors mediate the acquisition process. Further research is still needed, especially in the development of models and tools that allow for the unification and homogenization of available data for a better understanding of SCD and its relationship with CR.
The purpose of this literature review is to evaluate the main findings of the last 5 years regarding the influence of cognitive reserve (CR) on subjective cognitive decline (SCD). To this end, an exhaustive search was conducted in the PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. After analyzing the results, we conclude that there is indeed a relationship between CR and SCD, and that different CR indicators can act as protective factors against cognitive decline. Not all indicators carry the same weight or act in the same way. Modifiable factors allow for increased CR, while non-modifiable factors mediate the acquisition process. Further research is still needed, especially in the development of models and tools that allow for the unification and homogenization of available data for a better understanding of SCD and its relationship with CR.
Direction
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Tutorships)
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Tutorships)
Court
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Student’s tutor)
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Student’s tutor)
Adult-Onset ADHD? Diagnostic Controversies and Clinical Characterization
Authorship
V.B.T.M.
Psychology
V.B.T.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has traditionally been considered a childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorder. However, in recent years, there has been growing interest in cases that appear to begin in adulthood, without evident symptoms during childhood. In line with this, a literature review was conducted with the aim of analyzing the diagnostic validity of adult-onset ADHD, its clinical profile, associated factors, and key aspects of its assessment. To this end, through a systematic process of search, screening and selection, 17 studies were reviewed whose samples included individuals diagnosed in adulthood. The results reflect the ongoing controversy regarding the validity of this presentation, as although a significant number of cases are identified, many are influenced by comorbidities or substance abuse. The clinical profile is similar to that of persistent ADHD, with significant impairment across various areas; however, it is marked by an apparently higher intelligence quotient and a greater proportion of women. Moreover, various individual and environmental factors have been identified that may contribute to the late onset of symptoms. Regarding its assessment, it is necessary to use multiple instruments and sources of information to increase the reliability of the process. Finally, the main limitations identified are discussed, including the limited research available on this specific presentation, as well as future lines of study aimed at achieving a better understanding of the phenomenon.
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has traditionally been considered a childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorder. However, in recent years, there has been growing interest in cases that appear to begin in adulthood, without evident symptoms during childhood. In line with this, a literature review was conducted with the aim of analyzing the diagnostic validity of adult-onset ADHD, its clinical profile, associated factors, and key aspects of its assessment. To this end, through a systematic process of search, screening and selection, 17 studies were reviewed whose samples included individuals diagnosed in adulthood. The results reflect the ongoing controversy regarding the validity of this presentation, as although a significant number of cases are identified, many are influenced by comorbidities or substance abuse. The clinical profile is similar to that of persistent ADHD, with significant impairment across various areas; however, it is marked by an apparently higher intelligence quotient and a greater proportion of women. Moreover, various individual and environmental factors have been identified that may contribute to the late onset of symptoms. Regarding its assessment, it is necessary to use multiple instruments and sources of information to increase the reliability of the process. Finally, the main limitations identified are discussed, including the limited research available on this specific presentation, as well as future lines of study aimed at achieving a better understanding of the phenomenon.
Direction
ROMERO TRIÑANES, ESTRELLA (Tutorships)
ROMERO TRIÑANES, ESTRELLA (Tutorships)
Court
CUTRIN MOSTEIRO, OLALLA (Chairman)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Secretary)
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Member)
CUTRIN MOSTEIRO, OLALLA (Chairman)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Secretary)
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Member)
Sowing equity: the seeds that spark collective action against wealth inequality
Authorship
M.T.C.
Psychology
M.T.C.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
This study analyzes the cognitive, moral, and emotional factors that motivate the intention to engage in collective actions against wealth inequality. Based on Gamson’s (1992) classic model, its three frames are explored: injustice, identity, and efficacy. The role of moral obligation and certain emotions (anger, hope, optimism, and pride) are also studied as predictors of protest. Three main hypotheses were proposed: that the aforementioned emotions are predictors of the intention to protest, that politicized identity is a stronger predictor than injustice and efficacy, and that moral obligation has the highest predictive power. To test them, a Google Forms questionnaire was shared via social media, obtaining a sample of 214 valid responses. The statistical analysis was based on descriptive statistics, correlation analyses, and multiple linear regression. Finally, the results showed that all the variables of interest are significantly correlated with the intention to engage in collective actions against economic disparity, although only identity, moral obligation, injustice, and efficacy formed the most powerful predictive model, explaining 62.7% of the variance. Emotions did not achieve sufficient statistical significance to be solid predictors, but their proven relationship with cognitive variables suggests their influence on the intention to protest through those variables. Even considering the methodological limitations of this study, its conclusions support the findings of pioneering research in the field, highlighting the role of cognitions, emotions, and moral aspects as motivators of collective action against inequality.
This study analyzes the cognitive, moral, and emotional factors that motivate the intention to engage in collective actions against wealth inequality. Based on Gamson’s (1992) classic model, its three frames are explored: injustice, identity, and efficacy. The role of moral obligation and certain emotions (anger, hope, optimism, and pride) are also studied as predictors of protest. Three main hypotheses were proposed: that the aforementioned emotions are predictors of the intention to protest, that politicized identity is a stronger predictor than injustice and efficacy, and that moral obligation has the highest predictive power. To test them, a Google Forms questionnaire was shared via social media, obtaining a sample of 214 valid responses. The statistical analysis was based on descriptive statistics, correlation analyses, and multiple linear regression. Finally, the results showed that all the variables of interest are significantly correlated with the intention to engage in collective actions against economic disparity, although only identity, moral obligation, injustice, and efficacy formed the most powerful predictive model, explaining 62.7% of the variance. Emotions did not achieve sufficient statistical significance to be solid predictors, but their proven relationship with cognitive variables suggests their influence on the intention to protest through those variables. Even considering the methodological limitations of this study, its conclusions support the findings of pioneering research in the field, highlighting the role of cognitions, emotions, and moral aspects as motivators of collective action against inequality.
Direction
SABUCEDO CAMESELLE, JOSE MANUEL (Tutorships)
SABUCEDO CAMESELLE, JOSE MANUEL (Tutorships)
Court
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Chairman)
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Secretary)
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Member)
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Chairman)
Páramo Fernández, María Fernanda (Secretary)
DURAN RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL MAR (Member)
The impact of expressed emotion on the prognosis and treatment of adolescence anorexia nervosa
Authorship
S.V.G.
Psychology
S.V.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.08.2025 10:30
07.08.2025 10:30
Summary
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder that primarily affects adolescent females. This disorder is characterized by its clinical severity, therapeutic complexity, and high relapse rate, being the mental disorder with the highest mortality rate, due to suicide or physical complications. In this context, family involvement, measured through Expressed Emotion (EE), emerges as a key factor in the course of AN. This study aims to analyze the impact of family EE on the prognosis and treatment of AN in adolescents. To achieve this, a review of the scientific literature was conducted using the PsycInfo and Web of Science (WOS) databases, resulting in the selection of 15 articles published between 2010 and 2023. Results show that high levels of negative EE correlate with worse clinical outcomes, lower treatment adherence, and higher relapse risk. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that family-focused interventions reduce EE levels, improve caregivers’ well-being, and promote patient recovery. Similarly, the differentiated role of maternal and paternal EE is highlighted, as well as the relevance of the expressed emotion perceived by the patient, which influences the effectiveness of the interventions and their emotional distress. In conclusion, EE is a critical variable in the treatment and prognosis of AN in adolescence. Its inclusion in intervention programs through family psychoeducation modules may foster adaptive emotional expression among affected adolescents and their families.
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder that primarily affects adolescent females. This disorder is characterized by its clinical severity, therapeutic complexity, and high relapse rate, being the mental disorder with the highest mortality rate, due to suicide or physical complications. In this context, family involvement, measured through Expressed Emotion (EE), emerges as a key factor in the course of AN. This study aims to analyze the impact of family EE on the prognosis and treatment of AN in adolescents. To achieve this, a review of the scientific literature was conducted using the PsycInfo and Web of Science (WOS) databases, resulting in the selection of 15 articles published between 2010 and 2023. Results show that high levels of negative EE correlate with worse clinical outcomes, lower treatment adherence, and higher relapse risk. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that family-focused interventions reduce EE levels, improve caregivers’ well-being, and promote patient recovery. Similarly, the differentiated role of maternal and paternal EE is highlighted, as well as the relevance of the expressed emotion perceived by the patient, which influences the effectiveness of the interventions and their emotional distress. In conclusion, EE is a critical variable in the treatment and prognosis of AN in adolescence. Its inclusion in intervention programs through family psychoeducation modules may foster adaptive emotional expression among affected adolescents and their families.
Direction
VILLAR TORRES, PAULA (Tutorships)
VILLAR TORRES, PAULA (Tutorships)
Court
Alzate García, Mónica (Chairman)
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Secretary)
CORRAL VARELA, MARIA MONTSERRAT (Member)
Alzate García, Mónica (Chairman)
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Secretary)
CORRAL VARELA, MARIA MONTSERRAT (Member)
Precompetitive Anxiety and Sports Performance
Authorship
L.V.F.
Psychology
L.V.F.
Psychology
Defense date
02.17.2025 11:00
02.17.2025 11:00
Summary
The objective of this literature review is to analyze the impact of precompetitive anxiety on sports performance and examine what factors influence precompetitive anxiety. To this end, a bibliographic search has been carried out in the Web of Science (WoS) database of the most recent research on anxiety in the sports context; specifically, in the moment before the competition in different sports. To carry out the systematic review, 10 articles have been selected. The results indicate that precompetitive anxiety is a complex phenomenon, since it depends on various variables, such as the type of sport (individual or collective), sporting level, gender, context, motivational and social climate, as well as characteristics. individual. The factor mainly linked to precompetitive anxiety is self-confidence, which is inversely correlated with self-confidence, so it would be necessary to work on the self confidence of athletes to reduce anxiety levels. Finally, the importance of training athletes in emotional management to improve their well-being and optimize sports performance is emphasized. Coaches and psychologists are also invited to become aware of the importance of managing precompetitive anxiety appropriately to provide better performance and well-being in athletes. This includes specific and personalized programs, which prioritize reinforcing self-confidence and fostering supportive motivational and social climates that reward effort more than victory.
The objective of this literature review is to analyze the impact of precompetitive anxiety on sports performance and examine what factors influence precompetitive anxiety. To this end, a bibliographic search has been carried out in the Web of Science (WoS) database of the most recent research on anxiety in the sports context; specifically, in the moment before the competition in different sports. To carry out the systematic review, 10 articles have been selected. The results indicate that precompetitive anxiety is a complex phenomenon, since it depends on various variables, such as the type of sport (individual or collective), sporting level, gender, context, motivational and social climate, as well as characteristics. individual. The factor mainly linked to precompetitive anxiety is self-confidence, which is inversely correlated with self-confidence, so it would be necessary to work on the self confidence of athletes to reduce anxiety levels. Finally, the importance of training athletes in emotional management to improve their well-being and optimize sports performance is emphasized. Coaches and psychologists are also invited to become aware of the importance of managing precompetitive anxiety appropriately to provide better performance and well-being in athletes. This includes specific and personalized programs, which prioritize reinforcing self-confidence and fostering supportive motivational and social climates that reward effort more than victory.
Direction
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Tutorships)
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Tutorships)
Court
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Student’s tutor)
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Student’s tutor)
Psychological intervention in adolescent and young adult cancer survivors: a systematic review
Authorship
R.V.L.
Psychology
R.V.L.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
A cancer diagnosis during adolescence and early adulthood represents a unique challenge that profoundly affects the personal and psychosocial development of those who suffer from it. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of various psychological interventions aimed at adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors, considering their developmental characteristics and specific needs. A systematic review was conducted of 16 scientific studies found in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science (WoS). These included various psychological therapies (cognitive-behavioral therapy, mindfulness, acceptance and commitment therapy, positive psychology, creative and expressive therapies, coaching, and multimodal therapies). The results showed that all the therapeutic approaches evaluated achieved positive effects, contributing to alleviating psychological distress and improving the quality of life of young people. However, limitations were identified, including the small sample size due to difficulties in recruiting this population, and the methodological and therapeutic diversity of the studies. As a future direction, we propose advancing the design of specific and rigorous psychological interventions for AYA cancer survivors, as well as improving these young people's access to mental health services.
A cancer diagnosis during adolescence and early adulthood represents a unique challenge that profoundly affects the personal and psychosocial development of those who suffer from it. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of various psychological interventions aimed at adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors, considering their developmental characteristics and specific needs. A systematic review was conducted of 16 scientific studies found in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science (WoS). These included various psychological therapies (cognitive-behavioral therapy, mindfulness, acceptance and commitment therapy, positive psychology, creative and expressive therapies, coaching, and multimodal therapies). The results showed that all the therapeutic approaches evaluated achieved positive effects, contributing to alleviating psychological distress and improving the quality of life of young people. However, limitations were identified, including the small sample size due to difficulties in recruiting this population, and the methodological and therapeutic diversity of the studies. As a future direction, we propose advancing the design of specific and rigorous psychological interventions for AYA cancer survivors, as well as improving these young people's access to mental health services.
Direction
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Tutorships)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Tutorships)
Court
López Durán, Ana (Chairman)
ALCARAZ GARCIA, MIGUEL ANGEL (Secretary)
Carrillo De la Peña, María Teresa (Member)
López Durán, Ana (Chairman)
ALCARAZ GARCIA, MIGUEL ANGEL (Secretary)
Carrillo De la Peña, María Teresa (Member)
Psychological interventions for chronic kidney disease patients on renal replacement therapy: impact on anxiety, depression, and quality of life
Authorship
S.D.Z.V.
Psychology
S.D.Z.V.
Psychology
Defense date
07.07.2025 10:30
07.07.2025 10:30
Summary
Depression, anxiety, and low quality of life are common among individuals with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, or who have received a kidney transplant. There are multiple psychological interventions designed to address these problems. This review aimed to analyze the effects of different psychological interventions on depressive symptoms, anxiety, and quality of life in this population. A systematic search was conducted in the PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases, including studies published between 2015 and 2025. A total of 20 articles meeting the inclusion criteria were selected. The results indicate that various interventions, such as mindfulness, cognitive-behavioral therapy, relaxation techniques, psychoeducation, and multimodal approaches, can improve mental health and quality of life, especially in patients undergoing hemodialysis, where evidence is more abundant. In transplant recipients, although studies are scarce, benefits were also observed, particularly through expressive interventions, positive psychology, and psychoeducation. However, methodological heterogeneity across studies limits the generalizability of the findings and highlights the need for further research.
Depression, anxiety, and low quality of life are common among individuals with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, or who have received a kidney transplant. There are multiple psychological interventions designed to address these problems. This review aimed to analyze the effects of different psychological interventions on depressive symptoms, anxiety, and quality of life in this population. A systematic search was conducted in the PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases, including studies published between 2015 and 2025. A total of 20 articles meeting the inclusion criteria were selected. The results indicate that various interventions, such as mindfulness, cognitive-behavioral therapy, relaxation techniques, psychoeducation, and multimodal approaches, can improve mental health and quality of life, especially in patients undergoing hemodialysis, where evidence is more abundant. In transplant recipients, although studies are scarce, benefits were also observed, particularly through expressive interventions, positive psychology, and psychoeducation. However, methodological heterogeneity across studies limits the generalizability of the findings and highlights the need for further research.
Direction
Vazquez Rodriguez, Maria Isabel (Tutorships)
Vazquez Rodriguez, Maria Isabel (Tutorships)
Court
MERINO MADRID, HIPOLITO (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Leirós Lobeiras, Luz Isabel (Member)
MERINO MADRID, HIPOLITO (Chairman)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Secretary)
Leirós Lobeiras, Luz Isabel (Member)