Informal leadership in sports contexts
Authorship
A.A.R.
Psychology
A.A.R.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 11:30
07.14.2025 11:30
Summary
The present study analyzes informal leadership (which emerges spontaneously and must be accepted by others) in the sports context from a psychological perspective, differentiating it from formal leadership (defined by the structure of the group itself), performed by coaches or designated captains. Through a bibliographic review of ten empirical studies published between 2010 and 2024, the project examines the personal characteristics of informal leaders, the conditions that favor their emergence, the types of influence they exert on their peers, and their impact on key group variables such as cohesion, intrinsic motivation, and collective efficacy.
The present study analyzes informal leadership (which emerges spontaneously and must be accepted by others) in the sports context from a psychological perspective, differentiating it from formal leadership (defined by the structure of the group itself), performed by coaches or designated captains. Through a bibliographic review of ten empirical studies published between 2010 and 2024, the project examines the personal characteristics of informal leaders, the conditions that favor their emergence, the types of influence they exert on their peers, and their impact on key group variables such as cohesion, intrinsic motivation, and collective efficacy.
Direction
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Tutorships)
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Tutorships)
Court
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Student’s tutor)
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Student’s tutor)
The digital environment, risks and implications: a qualitative study in Galician adolescents.
Authorship
L.A.P.
Psychology
L.A.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 10:30
07.15.2025 10:30
Summary
Relationship, Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) constitute a daily space of socialization for the adolescent population, which is at a particularly vulnerable stage of development. This exposure to risks is aggravated in the digital environment with psychological phenomena such as deindividuation, where anonymity reduces internal restrictions, which can lead to manifestations of digital violence such as cyberbullying, grooming or sexting. Therefore, this study aims to explore the discourse of Galician adolescents on digital violence and their perception of the legal measures proposed in the draft bill. For this purpose, 48 4th ESO students between 15 and 18 years of age (M = 15.67; SD = 0.71), 27 females (56.25%) and 21 males (43.75%) from a secondary school in Santiago de Compostela were divided into 6 discussion groups. The results revealed that adolescents consider maturity, and not chronological age, as the fundamental criterion for establishing rules and consents in the digital environment. Likewise, the perceived seriousness of the act of violence emerges as a requirement for determining the reeducation measure, which varies from awareness-raising to referral to a reeducation center. Finally, although the co-occurrence analysis shows a strong relationship between the concept of digital violence and the legal modifications proposed in the Draft Bill, participants considered these legislative measures easy to circumvent.
Relationship, Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) constitute a daily space of socialization for the adolescent population, which is at a particularly vulnerable stage of development. This exposure to risks is aggravated in the digital environment with psychological phenomena such as deindividuation, where anonymity reduces internal restrictions, which can lead to manifestations of digital violence such as cyberbullying, grooming or sexting. Therefore, this study aims to explore the discourse of Galician adolescents on digital violence and their perception of the legal measures proposed in the draft bill. For this purpose, 48 4th ESO students between 15 and 18 years of age (M = 15.67; SD = 0.71), 27 females (56.25%) and 21 males (43.75%) from a secondary school in Santiago de Compostela were divided into 6 discussion groups. The results revealed that adolescents consider maturity, and not chronological age, as the fundamental criterion for establishing rules and consents in the digital environment. Likewise, the perceived seriousness of the act of violence emerges as a requirement for determining the reeducation measure, which varies from awareness-raising to referral to a reeducation center. Finally, although the co-occurrence analysis shows a strong relationship between the concept of digital violence and the legal modifications proposed in the Draft Bill, participants considered these legislative measures easy to circumvent.
Direction
Novo Pérez, Mercedes (Tutorships)
Novo Pérez, Mercedes (Tutorships)
Court
PEREIRO ROZAS, ARTURO JOSE (Chairman)
BRAÑA TOBIO, MARIA TERESA (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
PEREIRO ROZAS, ARTURO JOSE (Chairman)
BRAÑA TOBIO, MARIA TERESA (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
Exploring Competitive Anxiety in Women's Football: As Celtas (Real Club Celta de Vigo)
Authorship
S.A.A.
Psychology
S.A.A.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 12:00
07.14.2025 12:00
Summary
This study aims to analyze competitive anxiety in female football players, specifically in a sample of 22 athletes from the As Celtas team, which competes in the Spanish Third Division (Tercera RFEF). Two key dimensions were assessed: trait anxiety, using the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2), and state anxiety, through the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 Revised (CSAI-2R). A quantitative, cross-sectional, and correlational design was applied to explore relationships between anxiety variables and factors such as age, experience, and playing position. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations, ANOVA, t tests, and multiple regression. Results showed that cognitive anxiety was the most prominent component, both as a trait and as a state. A very strong correlation was found between the cognitive anxiety dimensions of the SAS-2 and CSAI-2R, and a moderate correlation was observed between their somatic components. In contrast, the disruption of concentration dimension (referred to in this study as “distraction”) did not significantly relate to any state anxiety variables, and self-confidence was not predicted by any trait anxiety factor. No significant differences were found regarding age, experience, or playing position. The findings highlight the relevance of assessing the different components of competitive anxiety and support the use of validated instruments to identify psychological profiles in high-performance sports contexts. Moreover, this study provides useful evidence for designing individualized psychological interventions and promoting more conscious emotional preparation in women’s sports.
This study aims to analyze competitive anxiety in female football players, specifically in a sample of 22 athletes from the As Celtas team, which competes in the Spanish Third Division (Tercera RFEF). Two key dimensions were assessed: trait anxiety, using the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2), and state anxiety, through the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 Revised (CSAI-2R). A quantitative, cross-sectional, and correlational design was applied to explore relationships between anxiety variables and factors such as age, experience, and playing position. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations, ANOVA, t tests, and multiple regression. Results showed that cognitive anxiety was the most prominent component, both as a trait and as a state. A very strong correlation was found between the cognitive anxiety dimensions of the SAS-2 and CSAI-2R, and a moderate correlation was observed between their somatic components. In contrast, the disruption of concentration dimension (referred to in this study as “distraction”) did not significantly relate to any state anxiety variables, and self-confidence was not predicted by any trait anxiety factor. No significant differences were found regarding age, experience, or playing position. The findings highlight the relevance of assessing the different components of competitive anxiety and support the use of validated instruments to identify psychological profiles in high-performance sports contexts. Moreover, this study provides useful evidence for designing individualized psychological interventions and promoting more conscious emotional preparation in women’s sports.
Direction
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Tutorships)
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Tutorships)
Court
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Student’s tutor)
ARCE FERNANDEZ, CONSTANTINO (Student’s tutor)
Drug use in adolescents: a qualitative analysis
Authorship
P.A.R.
Psychology
P.A.R.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 11:00
07.15.2025 11:00
Summary
The initiation of substance use during adolescence is a priority public health challenge: national surveys show an increasingly earlier onset, a progressive loss of risk perception and the coexistence of discourses of acceptance and warning. Based on this diagnosis, the aim is to examine the motivations, risk factors and preventive resources perceived by Galician adolescents in relation to substance use in their reference group. For this purpose, seven discussion groups were developed, composed of 29 students. The results show that alcohol, tobacco and cannabis are conceived as ‘normal’ substances despite the recognition of their addictive power; the main motivations refer to the avoidance of emotional discomfort, the search for intense sensations and peer group pressure; accessibility, nightlife and media trivialisation reinforce these patterns, while a limited supply of healthy alternatives increases vulnerability. Nevertheless, adolescents themselves point to protective spaces: school talks, family accompaniment, sports activities and a strategic and preventive use of social networks. These findings are transferable to practice as a form of prevention, which invites future research to delve deeper into this phenomenon of great social relevance for the adolescent population.
The initiation of substance use during adolescence is a priority public health challenge: national surveys show an increasingly earlier onset, a progressive loss of risk perception and the coexistence of discourses of acceptance and warning. Based on this diagnosis, the aim is to examine the motivations, risk factors and preventive resources perceived by Galician adolescents in relation to substance use in their reference group. For this purpose, seven discussion groups were developed, composed of 29 students. The results show that alcohol, tobacco and cannabis are conceived as ‘normal’ substances despite the recognition of their addictive power; the main motivations refer to the avoidance of emotional discomfort, the search for intense sensations and peer group pressure; accessibility, nightlife and media trivialisation reinforce these patterns, while a limited supply of healthy alternatives increases vulnerability. Nevertheless, adolescents themselves point to protective spaces: school talks, family accompaniment, sports activities and a strategic and preventive use of social networks. These findings are transferable to practice as a form of prevention, which invites future research to delve deeper into this phenomenon of great social relevance for the adolescent population.
Direction
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Tutorships)
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Tutorships)
Court
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Student’s tutor)
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Student’s tutor)
The effects of alcohol on verbal episodic memory in adolescent and young adult populations
Authorship
C.A.B.
Psychology
C.A.B.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:30
07.16.2025 10:30
Summary
Introduction: Heavy alcohol consumption, known as binge drinking (BD), has become increasingly relevant in the field of public health, especially due to its prevalence among young people and adolescents. This pattern of consumption coincides with critical stages of brain development, which has raised concerns about its effects on essential cognitive functions, such as memory. Objective: To analyse the existing scientific evidence on the effects of alcohol consumption on verbal episodic memory in young adults and adolescents. Methodology: A systematic literature review was conducted in the PubMed database, selecting articles published between 2015 and March 2025. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to ensure the relevance of the articles to the objective of the study. A total of 12 empirical studies, both longitudinal and cross-sectional, were included. Results: The studies analysed suggest an association between BD and lower performance in immediate and delayed free recall tasks, as well as lower effectiveness in the use of mnemonic techniques. Some studies report alterations in brain activity related to verbal information retrieval. Longitudinal evidence suggests that these deficits may persist if the pattern of consumption continues, although there are indications of cognitive recovery if this behaviour ceases. Conclusions: Binge drinking during key stages of cognitive development is associated with alterations in verbal episodic memory, both functionally and structurally.
Introduction: Heavy alcohol consumption, known as binge drinking (BD), has become increasingly relevant in the field of public health, especially due to its prevalence among young people and adolescents. This pattern of consumption coincides with critical stages of brain development, which has raised concerns about its effects on essential cognitive functions, such as memory. Objective: To analyse the existing scientific evidence on the effects of alcohol consumption on verbal episodic memory in young adults and adolescents. Methodology: A systematic literature review was conducted in the PubMed database, selecting articles published between 2015 and March 2025. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to ensure the relevance of the articles to the objective of the study. A total of 12 empirical studies, both longitudinal and cross-sectional, were included. Results: The studies analysed suggest an association between BD and lower performance in immediate and delayed free recall tasks, as well as lower effectiveness in the use of mnemonic techniques. Some studies report alterations in brain activity related to verbal information retrieval. Longitudinal evidence suggests that these deficits may persist if the pattern of consumption continues, although there are indications of cognitive recovery if this behaviour ceases. Conclusions: Binge drinking during key stages of cognitive development is associated with alterations in verbal episodic memory, both functionally and structurally.
Direction
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Tutorships)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Tutorships)
Court
VAZQUEZ GONZALEZ, FERNANDO LINO (Chairman)
CID FERNANDEZ, SUSANA (Secretary)
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Member)
VAZQUEZ GONZALEZ, FERNANDO LINO (Chairman)
CID FERNANDEZ, SUSANA (Secretary)
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Member)
Study of bullying and cyberbullying among university students and its relationship to mental health
Authorship
A.A.P.
Psychology
A.A.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
Bullying and cyberbullying have been identified as forms of peer violence that have significant effects on psycho-emotional health. Most research on the subject has focused on primary and secondary education levels, considering that there is less risk in the university context. However, some studies have warned that the incidence of bullying in university settings is significant and has negative psychological consequences. This study was developed in this context, analyzing both traditional and digital bullying, taking into account the prevalence of potential victims and bullies in the university population and the associated psychological consequences. The hypothesis is that bullying, in any of its forms, is associated with higher levels of psychological symptoms. To this end, a quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 100 students. Validated instruments were used to assess bullying (Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire), cyberbullying (European Cyberbullying Intervention Project Questionnaire), and psychological symptoms (Symptom Checklist 90 - Revised). The results showed a high incidence of cyberbullying (73.7%) and traditional bullying (42.4%), as well as a significant association with different types of psychological symptoms. In conclusion, these findings show that bullying continues in university education, so there is a need to develop specific interventions for the university environment that promote the prevention, detection, and treatment of bullying, aimed at protecting the mental health of students.
Bullying and cyberbullying have been identified as forms of peer violence that have significant effects on psycho-emotional health. Most research on the subject has focused on primary and secondary education levels, considering that there is less risk in the university context. However, some studies have warned that the incidence of bullying in university settings is significant and has negative psychological consequences. This study was developed in this context, analyzing both traditional and digital bullying, taking into account the prevalence of potential victims and bullies in the university population and the associated psychological consequences. The hypothesis is that bullying, in any of its forms, is associated with higher levels of psychological symptoms. To this end, a quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 100 students. Validated instruments were used to assess bullying (Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire), cyberbullying (European Cyberbullying Intervention Project Questionnaire), and psychological symptoms (Symptom Checklist 90 - Revised). The results showed a high incidence of cyberbullying (73.7%) and traditional bullying (42.4%), as well as a significant association with different types of psychological symptoms. In conclusion, these findings show that bullying continues in university education, so there is a need to develop specific interventions for the university environment that promote the prevention, detection, and treatment of bullying, aimed at protecting the mental health of students.
Direction
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Tutorships)
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Tutorships)
Court
IGLESIAS CRIADO, MARIA DEL MAR (Chairman)
Taboada Ares, Eva María (Secretary)
VARELA MALLOU, JESUS (Member)
IGLESIAS CRIADO, MARIA DEL MAR (Chairman)
Taboada Ares, Eva María (Secretary)
VARELA MALLOU, JESUS (Member)
Episodic memory in healthy aging
Authorship
D.B.P.
Psychology
D.B.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
This study is framed within the investigation of episodic memory in healthy aging. Based on classical memory models and research on cognitive decline, it delves into the functioning of episodic memory, which is particularly vulnerable to the passage of time. The main objective of the study is to analyze how age affects performance in a word recognition task in adults over 49 years old, distinguishing between three age groups: up to 59 years, between 60 and 70, and over 70 years old. The central hypothesis suggests that the cognitive performance of this type of memory will decline with age, both in terms of accuracy and response speed. To test this hypothesis, a verbal recognition paradigm was used, involving both new and old words, across two phases: immediate memory and delayed memory. The sample consisted of 129 cognitively healthy adults, recruited as part of the longitudinal CompAS study. Statistical analyses (ANCOVA) revealed a significant effect of age group on most variables, showing lower cognitive performance and slower reaction times in older participants. Furthermore, years of education emerged as an influential covariate in some measures. The results support the hypothesis of age-related cognitive decline and highlight the importance of investigating interindividual variability in healthy aging.
This study is framed within the investigation of episodic memory in healthy aging. Based on classical memory models and research on cognitive decline, it delves into the functioning of episodic memory, which is particularly vulnerable to the passage of time. The main objective of the study is to analyze how age affects performance in a word recognition task in adults over 49 years old, distinguishing between three age groups: up to 59 years, between 60 and 70, and over 70 years old. The central hypothesis suggests that the cognitive performance of this type of memory will decline with age, both in terms of accuracy and response speed. To test this hypothesis, a verbal recognition paradigm was used, involving both new and old words, across two phases: immediate memory and delayed memory. The sample consisted of 129 cognitively healthy adults, recruited as part of the longitudinal CompAS study. Statistical analyses (ANCOVA) revealed a significant effect of age group on most variables, showing lower cognitive performance and slower reaction times in older participants. Furthermore, years of education emerged as an influential covariate in some measures. The results support the hypothesis of age-related cognitive decline and highlight the importance of investigating interindividual variability in healthy aging.
Direction
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Tutorships)
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Tutorships)
Court
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Chairman)
AMENEDO LOSADA, MARIA ELENA (Secretary)
Vazquez Rodriguez, Maria Isabel (Member)
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Chairman)
AMENEDO LOSADA, MARIA ELENA (Secretary)
Vazquez Rodriguez, Maria Isabel (Member)
Relationship between frequency of use of social media and loneliness in adolescents: a quick review
Authorship
Z.B.P.
Psychology
Z.B.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 10:30
07.15.2025 10:30
Summary
The main objective of this Final Degree Project is to analyse whether there is a relationship between the frecuency of use of social medial and feelings of loneliness in adolescence. To achieve this objective, a rapid review of the scientific literature was carried out using scpecific search strategies for each database consulted (Scopus, Web of Science (WOS) and PubMed). A total of six studies were selected, according to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Half of the investigations concludes that there is a positive association between the two variables, suggesting that a higher frequency of social media use may act as a risk factor for loneliness. However, other contradictory results were found, with two studies finding no statiscally significant relationship and one study arguing for a possible negative relationship between the variables, that is, the social network use may be a protective factor for loneliness. The selected studies also explored the influence of variables such as gender, socioeconomic status or cultural context. In addition, some studies emphasized the possible impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on this relationship. In short, the findings of this Final Degree Project contribute to a more holistic, up-to-date and critical view of the impact of social media in adolescence, emphasis the importance of preventive intervetions and highlight the need for future longitudinal and culturally diverse research.
The main objective of this Final Degree Project is to analyse whether there is a relationship between the frecuency of use of social medial and feelings of loneliness in adolescence. To achieve this objective, a rapid review of the scientific literature was carried out using scpecific search strategies for each database consulted (Scopus, Web of Science (WOS) and PubMed). A total of six studies were selected, according to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Half of the investigations concludes that there is a positive association between the two variables, suggesting that a higher frequency of social media use may act as a risk factor for loneliness. However, other contradictory results were found, with two studies finding no statiscally significant relationship and one study arguing for a possible negative relationship between the variables, that is, the social network use may be a protective factor for loneliness. The selected studies also explored the influence of variables such as gender, socioeconomic status or cultural context. In addition, some studies emphasized the possible impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on this relationship. In short, the findings of this Final Degree Project contribute to a more holistic, up-to-date and critical view of the impact of social media in adolescence, emphasis the importance of preventive intervetions and highlight the need for future longitudinal and culturally diverse research.
Direction
Gómez Salgado, Patricia (Tutorships)
Gómez Salgado, Patricia (Tutorships)
Court
PEREIRO ROZAS, ARTURO JOSE (Chairman)
BRAÑA TOBIO, MARIA TERESA (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
PEREIRO ROZAS, ARTURO JOSE (Chairman)
BRAÑA TOBIO, MARIA TERESA (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
Methodological analysis of satisfaction with public services and municipal management in Lugo.
Authorship
D.B.G.
Psychology
D.B.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 11:00
07.14.2025 11:00
Summary
The presence of high quality municipal services is essential for citizens well being. Therefore, local governments must work to improve public satisfaction by providing effective and efficient services. This study aims to analyze the perceived quality of municipal services in Lugo (Spain) and its influence on citizen satisfaction, using a combined approach based on the SERVQUAL model and Importance Performance Analysis (IPA). The goal is to identify services that require no intervention, areas of potential resource overallocation, critical weaknesses, and low priority areas, in order to develop data driven improvement strategies. A questionnaire based on SERVQUAL and IPA was administered to a convenience sample of 250 residents over 18 years old (M = 46.84; SD = 14.97; 115 men and 134 women). The instrument measured importance, expectations, performance, general satisfaction, and sociodemographic variables. The results reveal a generalized dissatisfaction regarding citizens’ expectations, with noticeable differences across attributes and dimensions. Critical areas requiring urgent action such as services for the elderly and disabled or street maintenance were identified in the “Concentrate Here” quadrant. In contrast, services like waste management, street lighting, and senior centers were recognized as well performing and should be maintained. The study also detected areas where resource allocation may exceed their perceived relevance. These findings provide useful insights for the Lugo City Council to optimize municipal resources and implement targeted improvement plans.
The presence of high quality municipal services is essential for citizens well being. Therefore, local governments must work to improve public satisfaction by providing effective and efficient services. This study aims to analyze the perceived quality of municipal services in Lugo (Spain) and its influence on citizen satisfaction, using a combined approach based on the SERVQUAL model and Importance Performance Analysis (IPA). The goal is to identify services that require no intervention, areas of potential resource overallocation, critical weaknesses, and low priority areas, in order to develop data driven improvement strategies. A questionnaire based on SERVQUAL and IPA was administered to a convenience sample of 250 residents over 18 years old (M = 46.84; SD = 14.97; 115 men and 134 women). The instrument measured importance, expectations, performance, general satisfaction, and sociodemographic variables. The results reveal a generalized dissatisfaction regarding citizens’ expectations, with noticeable differences across attributes and dimensions. Critical areas requiring urgent action such as services for the elderly and disabled or street maintenance were identified in the “Concentrate Here” quadrant. In contrast, services like waste management, street lighting, and senior centers were recognized as well performing and should be maintained. The study also detected areas where resource allocation may exceed their perceived relevance. These findings provide useful insights for the Lugo City Council to optimize municipal resources and implement targeted improvement plans.
Direction
PICON PRADO, EDUARDO (Tutorships)
PICON PRADO, EDUARDO (Tutorships)
Court
PICON PRADO, EDUARDO (Student’s tutor)
PICON PRADO, EDUARDO (Student’s tutor)
The procces of parental forgiveness and psychological well-being in young people.
Authorship
S.B.R.
Psychology
S.B.R.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 11:30
07.15.2025 11:30
Summary
The study of forgiveness, as a psychological construct, and its therapeutic benefits have been gaining relevance in recent decades, leaving behind its religious conceptualization. Scientific literature has demonstrated the healing power of forgiveness, and late adolescence has also been identified as an important period for its study. Under this premise, the present study aimed to examine the process of forgiveness toward young people's parents and the possible relationship between this and psychoemotional well-being, as well as whether there are gender-mediated differences. To this end, a sample of 192 university students from various Galician universities was used to administer a series of measurement instruments. The results showed significant differences between sexes in most dimensions of psychopathological symptoms, but the same were not found in psychological well-being. Significant differences were also found between the level of forgiveness (high/low) psychopathological symptoms, and psychological well-being. Considering the limitations of the research, these results were consistent with previous literature, corroborating the idea of the healing properties of forgiveness. Finally, the importance of strengthening this line of research was also highlighted.
The study of forgiveness, as a psychological construct, and its therapeutic benefits have been gaining relevance in recent decades, leaving behind its religious conceptualization. Scientific literature has demonstrated the healing power of forgiveness, and late adolescence has also been identified as an important period for its study. Under this premise, the present study aimed to examine the process of forgiveness toward young people's parents and the possible relationship between this and psychoemotional well-being, as well as whether there are gender-mediated differences. To this end, a sample of 192 university students from various Galician universities was used to administer a series of measurement instruments. The results showed significant differences between sexes in most dimensions of psychopathological symptoms, but the same were not found in psychological well-being. Significant differences were also found between the level of forgiveness (high/low) psychopathological symptoms, and psychological well-being. Considering the limitations of the research, these results were consistent with previous literature, corroborating the idea of the healing properties of forgiveness. Finally, the importance of strengthening this line of research was also highlighted.
Direction
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Tutorships)
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Tutorships)
Court
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Student’s tutor)
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Student’s tutor)
Maternal grief in adult daughters: affective bond, types of grief, and psychotherapeutic intervention proposals
Authorship
S.B.T.
Psychology
S.B.T.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 12:00
07.15.2025 12:00
Summary
This paper explores grief in adult daughters after the death of their mother, from a psychological perspective. It analyzes attachment styles, types of grief, and their expression depending on the mother-daughter bond. Through a literature review, various explanatory models are discussed, and psychotherapeutic approaches adapted to the type of grief and prior relationship are proposed.
This paper explores grief in adult daughters after the death of their mother, from a psychological perspective. It analyzes attachment styles, types of grief, and their expression depending on the mother-daughter bond. Through a literature review, various explanatory models are discussed, and psychotherapeutic approaches adapted to the type of grief and prior relationship are proposed.
Direction
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Tutorships)
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Tutorships)
Court
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Student’s tutor)
FERRACES OTERO, MARIA JOSE (Student’s tutor)
The effects of emotion regulation on alcohol use in adolescent and emerging adult populations
Authorship
A.B.S.
Psychology
A.B.S.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:30
07.16.2025 10:30
Summary
Adolescence and emerging adulthood are periods characterized by greater emotional vulnerability and an increased risk of substance use, especially alcohol. Among the involved factors, emotional regulation (ER) has been identified as a possible predictor of problematic use. This study analyses the relationship between ER and alcohol consumption in adolescent and emerging adult populations through a review of recent scientific literature. For this purpose, the PRISMA guidelines were followed, and the PsychINFO and PubMed databases were consulted, selecting 17 quantitative studies published between 2019 and 2025 that examined this relationship in individuals aged 10 to 29. The findings suggest that difficulties in ER may be associated with more frequent, rapid, and problematic alcohol use. In particular, strategies such as cognitive reappraisal appear to have a protective effect, while others such as emotional suppression are linked to greater risk. Additionally, variables such as impulsivity, affect and subclinical symptomatology have been individually related to alcohol consumption. Notable differences were observed according to sex and age: males tend to consume more frequently and in larger quantities, while females report more negative consequences. Adolescents, in turn, show greater emotional and behavioural difficulties than emerging adults, suggesting increased vulnerability in earlier developmental stages. These findings reinforce the need to design preventive strategies tailored to the developmental stage and psychosocial context of youth.
Adolescence and emerging adulthood are periods characterized by greater emotional vulnerability and an increased risk of substance use, especially alcohol. Among the involved factors, emotional regulation (ER) has been identified as a possible predictor of problematic use. This study analyses the relationship between ER and alcohol consumption in adolescent and emerging adult populations through a review of recent scientific literature. For this purpose, the PRISMA guidelines were followed, and the PsychINFO and PubMed databases were consulted, selecting 17 quantitative studies published between 2019 and 2025 that examined this relationship in individuals aged 10 to 29. The findings suggest that difficulties in ER may be associated with more frequent, rapid, and problematic alcohol use. In particular, strategies such as cognitive reappraisal appear to have a protective effect, while others such as emotional suppression are linked to greater risk. Additionally, variables such as impulsivity, affect and subclinical symptomatology have been individually related to alcohol consumption. Notable differences were observed according to sex and age: males tend to consume more frequently and in larger quantities, while females report more negative consequences. Adolescents, in turn, show greater emotional and behavioural difficulties than emerging adults, suggesting increased vulnerability in earlier developmental stages. These findings reinforce the need to design preventive strategies tailored to the developmental stage and psychosocial context of youth.
Direction
MARTINEZ VISPO, CARMELA (Tutorships)
MARTINEZ VISPO, CARMELA (Tutorships)
Court
ROMERO TRIÑANES, ESTRELLA (Chairman)
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Secretary)
Gómez Salgado, Patricia (Member)
ROMERO TRIÑANES, ESTRELLA (Chairman)
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Secretary)
Gómez Salgado, Patricia (Member)
Relationship Between Nicotine Addiction and Cognitive Interference Measured with the Smoking Stroop Test
Authorship
M.C.G.
Psychology
M.C.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:00
07.14.2025 10:00
Summary
Tobacco use remains one of the most widespread addictions globally, with significant impacts not only on physical health but also on cognitive functioning. This review aims to analyze the existing scientific literature on the relationship between nicotine addiction and cognitive interference as assessed by the Smoking Stroop Test. It explores how craving, an intense and uncontrollable urge to consume a substance, and tobacco use influence performance on tasks requiring inhibitory control and selective attention, which are key components of executive functioning. The bibliographic search was conducted between January and March 2025 in PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Google Scholar, with no strict time limit. Inclusion criteria focused on empirical studies involving smokers or abstinent individuals using the Smoking Stroop Test. Peer-reviewed articles available in full text were prioritized. Findings consistently show that smokers exhibit greater cognitive interference in response to tobacco-related stimuli, particularly under conditions of abstinence or high craving. This effect is typically reflected in slower reaction times and reduced attentional efficiency during the task. These results suggest the presence of an automatic attentional bias toward smoking-related cues. The review concludes that the Smoking Stroop Test is a valuable tool to assess attentional bias related to craving and executive function impairment in smokers, offering valuable insights for the prevention and treatment of nicotine dependence.
Tobacco use remains one of the most widespread addictions globally, with significant impacts not only on physical health but also on cognitive functioning. This review aims to analyze the existing scientific literature on the relationship between nicotine addiction and cognitive interference as assessed by the Smoking Stroop Test. It explores how craving, an intense and uncontrollable urge to consume a substance, and tobacco use influence performance on tasks requiring inhibitory control and selective attention, which are key components of executive functioning. The bibliographic search was conducted between January and March 2025 in PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Google Scholar, with no strict time limit. Inclusion criteria focused on empirical studies involving smokers or abstinent individuals using the Smoking Stroop Test. Peer-reviewed articles available in full text were prioritized. Findings consistently show that smokers exhibit greater cognitive interference in response to tobacco-related stimuli, particularly under conditions of abstinence or high craving. This effect is typically reflected in slower reaction times and reduced attentional efficiency during the task. These results suggest the presence of an automatic attentional bias toward smoking-related cues. The review concludes that the Smoking Stroop Test is a valuable tool to assess attentional bias related to craving and executive function impairment in smokers, offering valuable insights for the prevention and treatment of nicotine dependence.
Direction
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Tutorships)
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Tutorships)
Court
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Student’s tutor)
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Student’s tutor)
Anxiety in renal patients undergoing Renal Replacement Therapy: differences between patients on Dialylis and those with a Kidney Transplant.
Authorship
M.C.L.
Psychology
M.C.L.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:30
07.16.2025 10:30
Summary
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is characterized by a structural or functional renal alteration that has health implications and constitutes a public health issue, affecting approximately 10% of the global population. It is often accompanied by high levels of anxiety, especially in advanced stages, where Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) is required; this may include Hemodialysis (HD), Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) or Kidney Transplantation (KT); all of which entail significant changes in patients’ lives. The objective of this literature review is to determine the differences in anxiety symptomatology or anxiety disorders among CDK patients, depending on the type of RRT they receive. A systematic search was conducted in the PsycInfo, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases; covering the period from 01/01/2015 to 01/01/2025, and 9 studies were selected that examine differences in anxiety among CDK patients undergoing various RTT modalities. After reviewing these articles, the results suggest that transplanted patients generally exhibit lower levels of anxiety symptoms and anxiety disorders compared to those undergoing dialysis, particularly HD. However, the available evidence is limited, in some cases contradictory, and with poor control of sociodemographic and clinical variables.
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is characterized by a structural or functional renal alteration that has health implications and constitutes a public health issue, affecting approximately 10% of the global population. It is often accompanied by high levels of anxiety, especially in advanced stages, where Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) is required; this may include Hemodialysis (HD), Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) or Kidney Transplantation (KT); all of which entail significant changes in patients’ lives. The objective of this literature review is to determine the differences in anxiety symptomatology or anxiety disorders among CDK patients, depending on the type of RRT they receive. A systematic search was conducted in the PsycInfo, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases; covering the period from 01/01/2015 to 01/01/2025, and 9 studies were selected that examine differences in anxiety among CDK patients undergoing various RTT modalities. After reviewing these articles, the results suggest that transplanted patients generally exhibit lower levels of anxiety symptoms and anxiety disorders compared to those undergoing dialysis, particularly HD. However, the available evidence is limited, in some cases contradictory, and with poor control of sociodemographic and clinical variables.
Direction
Vazquez Rodriguez, Maria Isabel (Tutorships)
Vazquez Rodriguez, Maria Isabel (Tutorships)
Court
ROMERO TRIÑANES, ESTRELLA (Chairman)
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Secretary)
Gómez Salgado, Patricia (Member)
ROMERO TRIÑANES, ESTRELLA (Chairman)
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Secretary)
Gómez Salgado, Patricia (Member)
Behavioral and emotional correlates of gambling behavior in middle adolescence
Authorship
R.D.F.
Psychology
R.D.F.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 09:30
07.14.2025 09:30
Summary
Problematic gambling among minors is a growing phenomenon that is attracting increasing interest across various health science disciplines. Early access to technology, the proliferation of online gambling platforms, and the cultural normalization of betting and games of chance are raising serious social concerns due to the potential impact of these practices on the emotional, cognitive, and social development of young people. Adolescence, with its inherent characteristics such as impulsivity, a drive for novelty, and heightened sensitivity to immediate rewards, represents a particularly vulnerable stage for the development of addictive behaviors. Given the relevance of this issue, the main objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between gambling behavior in minors and its implications for life satisfaction, depression, somatization, and suicidal ideation. The aim is to better understand how certain emotional traits and behavioral patterns may be involved in the emergence and persistence of these types of behaviors. This study was conducted using a two-stage sampling method and included 7,365 students aged 12 to 16 years (mean = 13.85; standard deviation = 1.22). Participants completed a questionnaire that included specific screening tools (such as the BAGS, LIE/BET, PHQ-9, among others). According to the collected data, 5.2% of students reported having gambled in person at some point in their lives, while 1.8% had done so online, placing the overall gambling rate at 5.7%. Between 0.9% and 1.4% showed signs of problematic gambling behavior, and 36.6% believed it is fairly or very likely to make money from betting. The results indicate a prevalence of problematic gambling that is associated with lower levels of life satisfaction and emotional well-being, and higher levels of suicidal ideation, depression, and somatization.
Problematic gambling among minors is a growing phenomenon that is attracting increasing interest across various health science disciplines. Early access to technology, the proliferation of online gambling platforms, and the cultural normalization of betting and games of chance are raising serious social concerns due to the potential impact of these practices on the emotional, cognitive, and social development of young people. Adolescence, with its inherent characteristics such as impulsivity, a drive for novelty, and heightened sensitivity to immediate rewards, represents a particularly vulnerable stage for the development of addictive behaviors. Given the relevance of this issue, the main objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between gambling behavior in minors and its implications for life satisfaction, depression, somatization, and suicidal ideation. The aim is to better understand how certain emotional traits and behavioral patterns may be involved in the emergence and persistence of these types of behaviors. This study was conducted using a two-stage sampling method and included 7,365 students aged 12 to 16 years (mean = 13.85; standard deviation = 1.22). Participants completed a questionnaire that included specific screening tools (such as the BAGS, LIE/BET, PHQ-9, among others). According to the collected data, 5.2% of students reported having gambled in person at some point in their lives, while 1.8% had done so online, placing the overall gambling rate at 5.7%. Between 0.9% and 1.4% showed signs of problematic gambling behavior, and 36.6% believed it is fairly or very likely to make money from betting. The results indicate a prevalence of problematic gambling that is associated with lower levels of life satisfaction and emotional well-being, and higher levels of suicidal ideation, depression, and somatization.
Direction
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Tutorships)
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Tutorships)
Court
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Student’s tutor)
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Student’s tutor)
Non-pharmacological treatments for ADHD in children
Authorship
E.D.R.
Psychology
E.D.R.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 13:00
07.14.2025 13:00
Summary
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized by various symptoms of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity, and it is currently one of the most frequently diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorders in the child population. One of the most widely used treatments is pharmacological; however, its long-term effectiveness is questioned. The aim of this paper is to review the current empirical evidence on the effectiveness of different non-pharmacological treatments for childhood ADHD. To this end, a systematic review of the literature on this topic was conducted using the PubMed and Dialnet databases, ultimately selecting 10 studies published between 2015 and 2025. The results indicate that, among the various treatments analyzed, cognitive-behavioral therapy and executive function training show positive effects on the different symptoms of ADHD in children.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized by various symptoms of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity, and it is currently one of the most frequently diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorders in the child population. One of the most widely used treatments is pharmacological; however, its long-term effectiveness is questioned. The aim of this paper is to review the current empirical evidence on the effectiveness of different non-pharmacological treatments for childhood ADHD. To this end, a systematic review of the literature on this topic was conducted using the PubMed and Dialnet databases, ultimately selecting 10 studies published between 2015 and 2025. The results indicate that, among the various treatments analyzed, cognitive-behavioral therapy and executive function training show positive effects on the different symptoms of ADHD in children.
Direction
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Tutorships)
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Tutorships)
Court
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Student’s tutor)
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Student’s tutor)
Learned violence: reviewing the evidence for intergenerational transmission of violence
Authorship
A.F.D.R.
Psychology
A.F.D.R.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 12:00
07.14.2025 12:00
Summary
This literature review explores empirical evidence from the past 10 years regarding the potential intergenerational transmission of violence, that is, whether violence witnessed or experienced during childhood is reproduced in adulthood, either as perpetration or victimization. The studies reviewed include both indirect experiences of violence (witnessing violence between parents) and direct ones (child abuse). In addition, the review analyzes whether various factors act as mediators or moderators in this relationship, and it examines the main limitations of the studies. The findings of the reviewed research are diverse and sometimes contradictory. On one hand, some studies support the hypothesis of violence being passed down from generation to generation, while others refute it. There are even studies that report inverse effects, suggesting that exposure to violence can lead to increased social engagement and active opposition to it. On the other hand, several risk factors were identified, such as hostility, fearful attachment, psychological distress, and deficits in reflective functioning. Although its mediation only explains a small part of the association, it allows us to understand that the transmission of violence is not a linear or universal process, but is influenced by multiple factors. It was also found that intimate partner violence and child abuse often coexist in the same household (poly-victimization), making their joint approach mandatory. Moreover, methodological limitations have been identified, which in turn provide avenues for improvement in future research, with the goal of designing effective interventions that halt cycles of violence or mitigate their effects.
This literature review explores empirical evidence from the past 10 years regarding the potential intergenerational transmission of violence, that is, whether violence witnessed or experienced during childhood is reproduced in adulthood, either as perpetration or victimization. The studies reviewed include both indirect experiences of violence (witnessing violence between parents) and direct ones (child abuse). In addition, the review analyzes whether various factors act as mediators or moderators in this relationship, and it examines the main limitations of the studies. The findings of the reviewed research are diverse and sometimes contradictory. On one hand, some studies support the hypothesis of violence being passed down from generation to generation, while others refute it. There are even studies that report inverse effects, suggesting that exposure to violence can lead to increased social engagement and active opposition to it. On the other hand, several risk factors were identified, such as hostility, fearful attachment, psychological distress, and deficits in reflective functioning. Although its mediation only explains a small part of the association, it allows us to understand that the transmission of violence is not a linear or universal process, but is influenced by multiple factors. It was also found that intimate partner violence and child abuse often coexist in the same household (poly-victimization), making their joint approach mandatory. Moreover, methodological limitations have been identified, which in turn provide avenues for improvement in future research, with the goal of designing effective interventions that halt cycles of violence or mitigate their effects.
Direction
Mirón Redondo, María Lourdes (Tutorships)
Mirón Redondo, María Lourdes (Tutorships)
Court
Mirón Redondo, María Lourdes (Student’s tutor)
Mirón Redondo, María Lourdes (Student’s tutor)
Smoking and cancer: Psychological interventions for smoking cessation during lung cancer screening
Authorship
C.F.B.
Psychology
C.F.B.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:30
07.16.2025 10:30
Summary
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide and is closely linked to tobacco use. In this context, early detection through screening represents a key opportunity to promote smoking cessation. This review aims to determine which smoking cessation interventions that include psychological components have been implemented in the context of lung cancer screening programs. The search was conducted in the Web of Science, Pubmed and PsycINFO databases and 14 articles were found that met the inclusion criteria. The studies were divided into two groups: interventions combining psychological components and pharmacological components (n = 10) and psychological interventions (n = 4). The abstinence rate for effective combined interventions ranged from 17.4% to 37.1%, and for psychological interventions, it ranged from 18.8% to 19.2%.The results allow us to conclude that there are effective interventions for smoking cessation in this context, both combined (n = 7) and psychological (n = 2). Their efficacy is independent of the delivery method (in-person or remote). These interventions should consist of four to six sessions, lasting between ten and 30 minutes, delivered weekly. They also should include psychological counseling (addressing aspects such as quit date planning, self-efficacy, acquisition of skills related to craving management or relapse prevention), motivational interviewing and psychoeducation.
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide and is closely linked to tobacco use. In this context, early detection through screening represents a key opportunity to promote smoking cessation. This review aims to determine which smoking cessation interventions that include psychological components have been implemented in the context of lung cancer screening programs. The search was conducted in the Web of Science, Pubmed and PsycINFO databases and 14 articles were found that met the inclusion criteria. The studies were divided into two groups: interventions combining psychological components and pharmacological components (n = 10) and psychological interventions (n = 4). The abstinence rate for effective combined interventions ranged from 17.4% to 37.1%, and for psychological interventions, it ranged from 18.8% to 19.2%.The results allow us to conclude that there are effective interventions for smoking cessation in this context, both combined (n = 7) and psychological (n = 2). Their efficacy is independent of the delivery method (in-person or remote). These interventions should consist of four to six sessions, lasting between ten and 30 minutes, delivered weekly. They also should include psychological counseling (addressing aspects such as quit date planning, self-efficacy, acquisition of skills related to craving management or relapse prevention), motivational interviewing and psychoeducation.
Direction
Míguez Varela, María del Carmen (Tutorships)
POSSE CEPEDA, CRISTINA MARIA (Co-tutorships)
Míguez Varela, María del Carmen (Tutorships)
POSSE CEPEDA, CRISTINA MARIA (Co-tutorships)
Court
ROMERO TRIÑANES, ESTRELLA (Chairman)
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Secretary)
Gómez Salgado, Patricia (Member)
ROMERO TRIÑANES, ESTRELLA (Chairman)
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Secretary)
Gómez Salgado, Patricia (Member)
Structural Brain Alterations in the Early Stages of the Alzheimer's Disease Continuum
Authorship
A.M.F.P.
Psychology
A.M.F.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
This undergraduate thesis analyzes the utility of structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) in detecting early brain alterations associated with the clinical and biological continuum of Alzheimer´s disease (AD), based on the framework proposed by the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer´s Association (NIA-AA). A systematic review of scientific literature published between 2018 and 2025 was conducted, selecting empirical studies that jointly assessed beta-amyloid (A) and phosphorylated tau (pTau) biomarkers and included sMRI techniques in populations at different stages of the AD continuum. A total of 11 studies were included and analyzed according to their sample characteristics, imaging techniques, affected regions, and observed patterns of brain atrophy. The findings indicate that simultaneous positivity for A and pTau (A+T+) is more robustly associated with greater brain atrophy, particularly in medial temporal regions such as the hippocampus, the entorhinal cortex, and Brodmann Area 35 (BA35), even in individuals without manifest cognitive impairment. This association appears to be primarily driven by the presence of pTau, as isolated A positivity shows a weaker and less consistent relationship with structural changes. Moreover, a coherent anatomical progression was observed across clinical groups, from cognitively unimpaired individuals to patients with AD dementia, supporting the value of sMRI as an early marker of neurodegeneration. Integrating structural measures with biomarkers enhances early diagnosis, risk stratification, and the effectiveness of early-stage interventions.
This undergraduate thesis analyzes the utility of structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) in detecting early brain alterations associated with the clinical and biological continuum of Alzheimer´s disease (AD), based on the framework proposed by the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer´s Association (NIA-AA). A systematic review of scientific literature published between 2018 and 2025 was conducted, selecting empirical studies that jointly assessed beta-amyloid (A) and phosphorylated tau (pTau) biomarkers and included sMRI techniques in populations at different stages of the AD continuum. A total of 11 studies were included and analyzed according to their sample characteristics, imaging techniques, affected regions, and observed patterns of brain atrophy. The findings indicate that simultaneous positivity for A and pTau (A+T+) is more robustly associated with greater brain atrophy, particularly in medial temporal regions such as the hippocampus, the entorhinal cortex, and Brodmann Area 35 (BA35), even in individuals without manifest cognitive impairment. This association appears to be primarily driven by the presence of pTau, as isolated A positivity shows a weaker and less consistent relationship with structural changes. Moreover, a coherent anatomical progression was observed across clinical groups, from cognitively unimpaired individuals to patients with AD dementia, supporting the value of sMRI as an early marker of neurodegeneration. Integrating structural measures with biomarkers enhances early diagnosis, risk stratification, and the effectiveness of early-stage interventions.
Direction
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Tutorships)
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Tutorships)
Court
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Chairman)
AMENEDO LOSADA, MARIA ELENA (Secretary)
Vazquez Rodriguez, Maria Isabel (Member)
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Chairman)
AMENEDO LOSADA, MARIA ELENA (Secretary)
Vazquez Rodriguez, Maria Isabel (Member)
Abolition of prostitution. Predictors of the intention to participate in collective action
Authorship
A.G.P.
Psychology
A.G.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 10:30
07.15.2025 10:30
Summary
Prostitution is illegal in our country, which opens the debate in society about the legislative approach that should be adopted. In this sense, a clear gender gap can be identified in this activity, with the majority of clients being men and the majority of suppliers being women, which raises the need to adopt a gender perspective for its analysis. In this study, we will focus on the abolitionist position that proposes the punishment of procurers and customers and support for prostitutes. Therefore, the objective is to analyze different psychosocial variables that drive people to participate in mobilizations in favor of the abolition of prostitution. More specifically, the relationship of attitudes toward prostitution, identity, injustice, efficacy and ideology with the intention to participate in normative collective actions (NCA) and non-normative collective actions (NNCA) was studied in a sample of 213 participants. To this end, multiple linear regression analyses with all variables and Student’s t-test were performed to check the differences in the intention to participate between people with abolitionist attitudes and identities with respect to non-abolitionist. The results have shown that negative attitude towards decriminalization, identity, efficacy and injustice are the best predictors of NCA, with attitude being eliminated from the list of NNCA predictors.
Prostitution is illegal in our country, which opens the debate in society about the legislative approach that should be adopted. In this sense, a clear gender gap can be identified in this activity, with the majority of clients being men and the majority of suppliers being women, which raises the need to adopt a gender perspective for its analysis. In this study, we will focus on the abolitionist position that proposes the punishment of procurers and customers and support for prostitutes. Therefore, the objective is to analyze different psychosocial variables that drive people to participate in mobilizations in favor of the abolition of prostitution. More specifically, the relationship of attitudes toward prostitution, identity, injustice, efficacy and ideology with the intention to participate in normative collective actions (NCA) and non-normative collective actions (NNCA) was studied in a sample of 213 participants. To this end, multiple linear regression analyses with all variables and Student’s t-test were performed to check the differences in the intention to participate between people with abolitionist attitudes and identities with respect to non-abolitionist. The results have shown that negative attitude towards decriminalization, identity, efficacy and injustice are the best predictors of NCA, with attitude being eliminated from the list of NNCA predictors.
Direction
Alzate García, Mónica (Tutorships)
FERNANDEZ CORES, TAMARA (Co-tutorships)
Alzate García, Mónica (Tutorships)
FERNANDEZ CORES, TAMARA (Co-tutorships)
Court
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Chairman)
NIETO VIEITES, ANA (Secretary)
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Member)
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Chairman)
NIETO VIEITES, ANA (Secretary)
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Member)
Improvement of episodic memory induced by tACS in people with cognitive impairment: different effects according to age.
Authorship
P.G.B.
Psychology
P.G.B.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 10:30
07.15.2025 10:30
Summary
Episodic memory (EM) is one of the cognitive functions most affected in the early stages of cognitive impairment, particularly subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Several studies have shown that brain oscillations in the theta and gamma frequency bands are crucial for encoding and retrieving episodic memories, and that transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) can modulate these oscillations. This study is part of the cf tES CI project, which aims to evaluate the effects of tACS with theta gamma coupling on the performance of people with SCD or MCI in a visual episodic memory (EM) recognition task. Thirty participants aged between 57 and 83 years completed two stimulation conditions (real vs placebo) in a counterbalanced crossover design. Stimulation was applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for eight consecutive sessions. Performance was assessed using the d index and reaction times. The results showed differential effects according to age. Participants aged 68 years or younger significantly improved in the d index after actual stimulation, while no significant changes were observed in the older group. No effects were found on reaction times. These results suggest that tACS theta gamma may facilitate ME in the early stages of aging.
Episodic memory (EM) is one of the cognitive functions most affected in the early stages of cognitive impairment, particularly subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Several studies have shown that brain oscillations in the theta and gamma frequency bands are crucial for encoding and retrieving episodic memories, and that transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) can modulate these oscillations. This study is part of the cf tES CI project, which aims to evaluate the effects of tACS with theta gamma coupling on the performance of people with SCD or MCI in a visual episodic memory (EM) recognition task. Thirty participants aged between 57 and 83 years completed two stimulation conditions (real vs placebo) in a counterbalanced crossover design. Stimulation was applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for eight consecutive sessions. Performance was assessed using the d index and reaction times. The results showed differential effects according to age. Participants aged 68 years or younger significantly improved in the d index after actual stimulation, while no significant changes were observed in the older group. No effects were found on reaction times. These results suggest that tACS theta gamma may facilitate ME in the early stages of aging.
Direction
CID FERNANDEZ, SUSANA (Tutorships)
CORREA JARABA, KENIA SHAILY (Co-tutorships)
CID FERNANDEZ, SUSANA (Tutorships)
CORREA JARABA, KENIA SHAILY (Co-tutorships)
Court
PEREIRO ROZAS, ARTURO JOSE (Chairman)
BRAÑA TOBIO, MARIA TERESA (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
PEREIRO ROZAS, ARTURO JOSE (Chairman)
BRAÑA TOBIO, MARIA TERESA (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
Background on Sustainable Behavior of Tourists Regarding Water Consumption
Authorship
I.G.G.
Psychology
I.G.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 11:30
07.14.2025 11:30
Summary
Growing concern for sustainability highlights the importance of efficient water management, especially in the tourism sector, where consumption tends to increase significantly. This study aimed to review the psychological factors that influence tourists' sustainable behavior with regard to water consumption, both at home and at their vacation destination. To this end, a systematic review of literature published between 2011 and 2024 was conducted in the PsycInfo, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. The studies reviewed show that factors such as environmental values, moral and social norms, perceived control, attitudes, beliefs, and previous habits influence the intention and practice of sustainable behaviors. In general, tourists tend to reproduce the habits acquired at home at their destination, although there is also a tendency to relax these behaviors during vacations. Social and moral norms, as well as perceived control, stand out as key predictors of commitment to water conservation. In addition, environmental empathy and anticipated emotions, such as pride or guilt, also play a relevant role. The results show contextual differences between home and destination, suggesting that interventions should be tailored to each environment. Taken together, these findings underscore the need to integrate psychological approaches into tourism management strategies to promote responsible water use in all contexts.
Growing concern for sustainability highlights the importance of efficient water management, especially in the tourism sector, where consumption tends to increase significantly. This study aimed to review the psychological factors that influence tourists' sustainable behavior with regard to water consumption, both at home and at their vacation destination. To this end, a systematic review of literature published between 2011 and 2024 was conducted in the PsycInfo, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. The studies reviewed show that factors such as environmental values, moral and social norms, perceived control, attitudes, beliefs, and previous habits influence the intention and practice of sustainable behaviors. In general, tourists tend to reproduce the habits acquired at home at their destination, although there is also a tendency to relax these behaviors during vacations. Social and moral norms, as well as perceived control, stand out as key predictors of commitment to water conservation. In addition, environmental empathy and anticipated emotions, such as pride or guilt, also play a relevant role. The results show contextual differences between home and destination, suggesting that interventions should be tailored to each environment. Taken together, these findings underscore the need to integrate psychological approaches into tourism management strategies to promote responsible water use in all contexts.
Direction
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Tutorships)
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Tutorships)
Court
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Student’s tutor)
ANDRADE FERNANDEZ, ELENA MARIA (Student’s tutor)
Use of eye tracking in neuromarketing: A comparison across databases.
Authorship
L.G.M.
Psychology
L.G.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 10:00
07.15.2025 10:00
Summary
Currently, the use of eye tracking has grown in areas such as neuromarketing, where it has been considered a fundamental tool for analyzing and understanding consumer behavior, as it facilities the study of psychological factors that influence purchasing processes. The objective of this study is to compare the databases PsycInfo, Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed, based on a specific search on “eye tracking” and “consumer behavior”, analyzing the number and characteristics of the documents provided, in order to identify which plataform is most appeopiate for this field. Furthermore, we aim to understand the main applications of eye tracking in the field of neuromarketing and determine the most studied psychological aspects in this discipline. The results showed that Scopus offers the largest number of documents and a greater number of filters. WoS was similar to Scopus in some aspects, but of little use in the psychological field. PubMed was the least productive given its medical context. Finally, PsycInfo allowed for a precise search in the field of psychology, although Scopus is the most appropiate for psychology-related searches within the field of neuromarketing. In this discipline, the main applications of eye tracking are in the business sector, particularly in the study of consumer behavior, advertising, and product design. At the psychological level, the most studied aspects were decision-making, emotion, attention, and cognition.
Currently, the use of eye tracking has grown in areas such as neuromarketing, where it has been considered a fundamental tool for analyzing and understanding consumer behavior, as it facilities the study of psychological factors that influence purchasing processes. The objective of this study is to compare the databases PsycInfo, Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed, based on a specific search on “eye tracking” and “consumer behavior”, analyzing the number and characteristics of the documents provided, in order to identify which plataform is most appeopiate for this field. Furthermore, we aim to understand the main applications of eye tracking in the field of neuromarketing and determine the most studied psychological aspects in this discipline. The results showed that Scopus offers the largest number of documents and a greater number of filters. WoS was similar to Scopus in some aspects, but of little use in the psychological field. PubMed was the least productive given its medical context. Finally, PsycInfo allowed for a precise search in the field of psychology, although Scopus is the most appropiate for psychology-related searches within the field of neuromarketing. In this discipline, the main applications of eye tracking are in the business sector, particularly in the study of consumer behavior, advertising, and product design. At the psychological level, the most studied aspects were decision-making, emotion, attention, and cognition.
Direction
Leirós Lobeiras, Luz Isabel (Tutorships)
Leirós Lobeiras, Luz Isabel (Tutorships)
Court
Leirós Lobeiras, Luz Isabel (Student’s tutor)
Leirós Lobeiras, Luz Isabel (Student’s tutor)
The Dark Triad and Intimate Partner Violence
Authorship
A.G.P.
Psychology
A.G.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 13:30
07.14.2025 13:30
Summary
The Dark Triad (DT), introduced by Paulhus and Williams (2002), encompasses three traits present in the general population - psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and narcissism - characterized by manipulation, egocentrism, impulsivity, emotional coldness, and low empathy. In recent years, interest in examining their influence on intimate relationships has increased, particularly in the context of intimate partner violence (IPV). This study presents a systematic review of empirical literature aimed at analyzing the relationship between the Dark Triad and various forms of violence within romantic relationships. A total of 14 studies published between 2017 and 2025 were included, involving 6,233 adult participants from non-clinical populations. The results reveal a significant association between all three traits and violent behaviors, with psychopathy emerging as the strongest predictor, particularly in relation to psychological, verbal, and physical violence. Machiavellianism was linked to subtler forms of abuse, such as emotional manipulation and the justification of controlling behaviors, while findings regarding narcissism were more inconsistent. Additionally, several relevant mediating and moderating variables were identified - such as empathy, anxious attachment, fast life strategy, and irrational beliefs about love - which contribute to a deeper understanding of these associations. The implications of these findings for early detection and intervention in IPV contexts are discussed, emphasizing the importance of incorporating a psychosocial and gender-based perspective. Finally, methodological limitations are addressed, and future research directions are suggested.
The Dark Triad (DT), introduced by Paulhus and Williams (2002), encompasses three traits present in the general population - psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and narcissism - characterized by manipulation, egocentrism, impulsivity, emotional coldness, and low empathy. In recent years, interest in examining their influence on intimate relationships has increased, particularly in the context of intimate partner violence (IPV). This study presents a systematic review of empirical literature aimed at analyzing the relationship between the Dark Triad and various forms of violence within romantic relationships. A total of 14 studies published between 2017 and 2025 were included, involving 6,233 adult participants from non-clinical populations. The results reveal a significant association between all three traits and violent behaviors, with psychopathy emerging as the strongest predictor, particularly in relation to psychological, verbal, and physical violence. Machiavellianism was linked to subtler forms of abuse, such as emotional manipulation and the justification of controlling behaviors, while findings regarding narcissism were more inconsistent. Additionally, several relevant mediating and moderating variables were identified - such as empathy, anxious attachment, fast life strategy, and irrational beliefs about love - which contribute to a deeper understanding of these associations. The implications of these findings for early detection and intervention in IPV contexts are discussed, emphasizing the importance of incorporating a psychosocial and gender-based perspective. Finally, methodological limitations are addressed, and future research directions are suggested.
Direction
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Tutorships)
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Tutorships)
Court
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Student’s tutor)
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Student’s tutor)
Learning to Fear: Fear Conditioning in Childhood and Adolescence.
Authorship
M.G.V.
Psychology
M.G.V.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 12:00
07.14.2025 12:00
Summary
Fear is a basic emotion that is activated in response to perceived threats and triggers a defensive reaction aimed at survival (Öhman, 2000, p. 483). Humans develop defensive responses from early childhood. However, fear can become pathological and lead to anxiety disorders. Understanding the processes of fear acquisition, extinction, and generalization during childhood and adolescence is highly relevant for advancing early prevention and intervention in child psychopathology. In this context, the present work is a systematic review of the scientific literature on fear conditioning in children and adolescents, with special attention to developmental, individual, and contextual variables that influence this process. After presenting the theoretical foundations of classical fear conditioning, the selected studies are analyzed and organized into five thematic categories: (1) developmental aspects of fear conditioning, (2) individual factors related to anxiety and psychopathology, (3) the influence of early adversity, trauma, and abuse, (4) mechanisms of social and observational transmission, and (5) processes of extinction and inhibition. Finally, the main findings are summarized along with a general interpretation of the results.
Fear is a basic emotion that is activated in response to perceived threats and triggers a defensive reaction aimed at survival (Öhman, 2000, p. 483). Humans develop defensive responses from early childhood. However, fear can become pathological and lead to anxiety disorders. Understanding the processes of fear acquisition, extinction, and generalization during childhood and adolescence is highly relevant for advancing early prevention and intervention in child psychopathology. In this context, the present work is a systematic review of the scientific literature on fear conditioning in children and adolescents, with special attention to developmental, individual, and contextual variables that influence this process. After presenting the theoretical foundations of classical fear conditioning, the selected studies are analyzed and organized into five thematic categories: (1) developmental aspects of fear conditioning, (2) individual factors related to anxiety and psychopathology, (3) the influence of early adversity, trauma, and abuse, (4) mechanisms of social and observational transmission, and (5) processes of extinction and inhibition. Finally, the main findings are summarized along with a general interpretation of the results.
Direction
REDONDO LAGO, JAIME MAURO (Tutorships)
REDONDO LAGO, JAIME MAURO (Tutorships)
Court
REDONDO LAGO, JAIME MAURO (Student’s tutor)
REDONDO LAGO, JAIME MAURO (Student’s tutor)
Review of judicial rulings in cases of child sexual assault
Authorship
A.G.P.
Psychology
A.G.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:00
07.14.2025 10:00
Summary
Child sexual abuse has been and continues to be a problem of great magnitude in our society. In the year 2023, 9,185 reports of such offenses were recorded in Spain, with epidemiological studies estimating a much higher prevalence. Having been a victim of sexual assault at such an early age causes a large number of physical, psychological, socioeconomic, and educational consequences in the victims. The importance of psychology in the clinical and forensic context is highlighted as a means of protecting victims. The objective of this study is to delve deeper into sexual violence against minors, emphasizing the importance of the judicial response, especially the psychological expert report, as well as the intervention with victims. For this purpose, 60 judicial rulings issued by provincial courts between the years 2023 and 2024 regarding sexual abuse and assault of minors were randomly selected and a content analysis was conducted. Descriptive stadistics, including the chi-square test , and Student´s t-test, were performed. The results show a positive association between intrafamiliar assaults and longer duration of the agression, use of threats, as well as a younger age of the victim. It was also revealed that psychological expert reports that confirmed the existence of psychological harm significantly influenced the increase in compensation and the length of the sentences imposed. Finally, it is concluded that there is a need to intervene with underage victims in a responsible manner, following the principles of the Barnahus Model.
Child sexual abuse has been and continues to be a problem of great magnitude in our society. In the year 2023, 9,185 reports of such offenses were recorded in Spain, with epidemiological studies estimating a much higher prevalence. Having been a victim of sexual assault at such an early age causes a large number of physical, psychological, socioeconomic, and educational consequences in the victims. The importance of psychology in the clinical and forensic context is highlighted as a means of protecting victims. The objective of this study is to delve deeper into sexual violence against minors, emphasizing the importance of the judicial response, especially the psychological expert report, as well as the intervention with victims. For this purpose, 60 judicial rulings issued by provincial courts between the years 2023 and 2024 regarding sexual abuse and assault of minors were randomly selected and a content analysis was conducted. Descriptive stadistics, including the chi-square test , and Student´s t-test, were performed. The results show a positive association between intrafamiliar assaults and longer duration of the agression, use of threats, as well as a younger age of the victim. It was also revealed that psychological expert reports that confirmed the existence of psychological harm significantly influenced the increase in compensation and the length of the sentences imposed. Finally, it is concluded that there is a need to intervene with underage victims in a responsible manner, following the principles of the Barnahus Model.
Direction
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Tutorships)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Tutorships)
Court
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Student’s tutor)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Student’s tutor)
Impulsivity and its relationship with binge drinking among university students
Authorship
R.G.M.
Psychology
R.G.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 10:30
07.15.2025 10:30
Summary
Binge Drinking (BD) is a common risky behaviour among university students, with multiple negative consequences for health and well-being. Impulsivity has been identified as one of the most relevant psychological factors associated with this pattern of consumption. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between the different dimensions of impulsivity and binge drinking, as well as to explore possible differences based on gender. The sample consisted of 160 first-year students at the University of Santiago de Compostela, aged between 18 and 19 (87 women and 73 men). The Spanish version of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) and the Galician adaptation of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) were used. Descriptive and correlational analyses, multiple regressions and Student's t-tests for independent samples were performed. The results showed that total impulsivity and its specific dimensions were significantly and positively correlated with heavy alcohol consumption. Multiple regression indicated that cognitive and unplanned impulsivity were significant predictors of AUDIT. No significant differences were found between men and women in terms of impulsivity levels or alcohol consumption. These findings reinforce the relevance of impulsivity as a factor associated with CIA in the university setting and suggest the usefulness of preventive interventions focused on self-regulation skills training.
Binge Drinking (BD) is a common risky behaviour among university students, with multiple negative consequences for health and well-being. Impulsivity has been identified as one of the most relevant psychological factors associated with this pattern of consumption. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between the different dimensions of impulsivity and binge drinking, as well as to explore possible differences based on gender. The sample consisted of 160 first-year students at the University of Santiago de Compostela, aged between 18 and 19 (87 women and 73 men). The Spanish version of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) and the Galician adaptation of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) were used. Descriptive and correlational analyses, multiple regressions and Student's t-tests for independent samples were performed. The results showed that total impulsivity and its specific dimensions were significantly and positively correlated with heavy alcohol consumption. Multiple regression indicated that cognitive and unplanned impulsivity were significant predictors of AUDIT. No significant differences were found between men and women in terms of impulsivity levels or alcohol consumption. These findings reinforce the relevance of impulsivity as a factor associated with CIA in the university setting and suggest the usefulness of preventive interventions focused on self-regulation skills training.
Direction
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Tutorships)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Tutorships)
Court
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Student’s tutor)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Student’s tutor)
Social media addiction in adolescents: Risk factors and impact on psychological adjustment.
Authorship
X.G.J.
Psychology
X.G.J.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 11:00
07.15.2025 11:00
Summary
This paper aims to analyze the impact of problematic social media use on the psychological adjustment of adolescents. Through the analysis of empirical studies published between 2020 and 2025, we identify both the risk factors and the emotional and social consequences of this phenomenon. Adolescence is a particularly sensitive period for the use of digital technologies, and unregulated use of these platforms can generate negative consequences for mental health. The results show a bidirectional relationship between excessive social media use and symptoms of depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, and difficulties in emotional regulation. Predisposing factors such as neuroticism, disinhibition, FOMO, intolerance of discomfort, and difficulty managing boredom appear as relevant predictors that facilitate compulsive use patterns. Furthermore, it is confirmed that passive use and the algorithmic design of the platforms intensify the negative effects, especially in female adolescents, who are more vulnerable to social comparison and the search for validation. Significant psychosocial consequences are also evident, such as sleep disturbances, attention difficulties, interpersonal conflicts, and poor academic performance. The paper concludes by highlighting the need for gender-sensitive preventive interventions and digital and emotional literacy programs in the educational context.
This paper aims to analyze the impact of problematic social media use on the psychological adjustment of adolescents. Through the analysis of empirical studies published between 2020 and 2025, we identify both the risk factors and the emotional and social consequences of this phenomenon. Adolescence is a particularly sensitive period for the use of digital technologies, and unregulated use of these platforms can generate negative consequences for mental health. The results show a bidirectional relationship between excessive social media use and symptoms of depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, and difficulties in emotional regulation. Predisposing factors such as neuroticism, disinhibition, FOMO, intolerance of discomfort, and difficulty managing boredom appear as relevant predictors that facilitate compulsive use patterns. Furthermore, it is confirmed that passive use and the algorithmic design of the platforms intensify the negative effects, especially in female adolescents, who are more vulnerable to social comparison and the search for validation. Significant psychosocial consequences are also evident, such as sleep disturbances, attention difficulties, interpersonal conflicts, and poor academic performance. The paper concludes by highlighting the need for gender-sensitive preventive interventions and digital and emotional literacy programs in the educational context.
Direction
CASTRO BALSA, MARIA JOSEFA (Tutorships)
Villar García, Eva (Co-tutorships)
CASTRO BALSA, MARIA JOSEFA (Tutorships)
Villar García, Eva (Co-tutorships)
Court
CASTRO BALSA, MARIA JOSEFA (Student’s tutor)
Villar García, Eva (Student’s tutor)
CASTRO BALSA, MARIA JOSEFA (Student’s tutor)
Villar García, Eva (Student’s tutor)
Psychosocial factors involved in attitudes toward tourism development and the intention to participate in the antitouristification movement in Galiza
Authorship
C.G.L.
Psychology
C.G.L.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 10:30
07.15.2025 10:30
Summary
In the past two summers, Spain has experienced a steady increase in tourist arrivals, breaking record after record and sparking growing debate about the consequences of touristification procesess: territorial transformations, proliferation of short-term tourist rentals at the expense of permanent housing, a rising cost living and the increasing vulnerability of fragile ecosystems. This study aims to identify the factors that predict the intention to participate in collective protest actions against the current tourism model, using a sample of university students in Galicia.To explore the formation of attitudes and individual predispositions toward tourism, we drew on the frameworks of Social Exchange Theory, Social Identity Theory and the Theory of Reasoned Action. Our central research question posed was: Which psychosocial factors explain the intention to mobilize? A quantitative correlational study was conducted with a sample of 266 university students from Galicia. Data was collected regarding intention to mobilize, our dependent variable, and a range of independent variables: place attachment, place identity, sense of community, enviromental awareness, political ideology, economic dependence on tourism, percepcion of tourism impacts, attitudes toward tourisim development and knowledge of previous protest actions. The binary logistic regression analysis revealed six significant predictors: enviromental awareness, awareness of previous protests, political ideology, economic dependence on tourism, percepcion of tourism impacts, attitudes toward tourism developement. In contrast, no significant effect was found for place attachment, place identity or sense of community. We conclude that ecological values, political ideology, economic dependency and exposure to protest-related information are key variables in understanding attitudes and intention to participate in protest actions against touristification
In the past two summers, Spain has experienced a steady increase in tourist arrivals, breaking record after record and sparking growing debate about the consequences of touristification procesess: territorial transformations, proliferation of short-term tourist rentals at the expense of permanent housing, a rising cost living and the increasing vulnerability of fragile ecosystems. This study aims to identify the factors that predict the intention to participate in collective protest actions against the current tourism model, using a sample of university students in Galicia.To explore the formation of attitudes and individual predispositions toward tourism, we drew on the frameworks of Social Exchange Theory, Social Identity Theory and the Theory of Reasoned Action. Our central research question posed was: Which psychosocial factors explain the intention to mobilize? A quantitative correlational study was conducted with a sample of 266 university students from Galicia. Data was collected regarding intention to mobilize, our dependent variable, and a range of independent variables: place attachment, place identity, sense of community, enviromental awareness, political ideology, economic dependence on tourism, percepcion of tourism impacts, attitudes toward tourisim development and knowledge of previous protest actions. The binary logistic regression analysis revealed six significant predictors: enviromental awareness, awareness of previous protests, political ideology, economic dependence on tourism, percepcion of tourism impacts, attitudes toward tourism developement. In contrast, no significant effect was found for place attachment, place identity or sense of community. We conclude that ecological values, political ideology, economic dependency and exposure to protest-related information are key variables in understanding attitudes and intention to participate in protest actions against touristification
Direction
Dono Martín, Marcos (Tutorships)
DOCAMPO LOPEZ, LAURA (Co-tutorships)
Dono Martín, Marcos (Tutorships)
DOCAMPO LOPEZ, LAURA (Co-tutorships)
Court
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Chairman)
NIETO VIEITES, ANA (Secretary)
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Member)
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Chairman)
NIETO VIEITES, ANA (Secretary)
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Member)
Undergraduate dissertation
Authorship
C.G.S.
Psychology
C.G.S.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 10:30
07.15.2025 10:30
Summary
This Final Degree Project studies the relationship between the satisfaction of students' basic psychological needs (autonomy, relatedness and competence) and their self-regulated learning (SRL). It is essential to understand self-regulated learning as an active process in which students are able to guide their emotions, select strategies or achieve the proposed objectives. It also includes the use of metacognitive skills in the course of such learning, as well as the consideration of the impact of BPNs. Therefore, a total of 12 articles were reviewed, through a systematized search process, in which the relationship between SRL and the satisfaction of BPNs in students was explored. Thus, a positive association was found between autonomous types of motivation, positive academic results or the increased use of self-regulatory strategies, with the satisfaction of the three BPNs. This is why we conclude with the need to adapt the educational environments and the teaching environment to promote the satisfaction of these BPNs and to encourage a more autonomous and self-directed study. It also advocates a consideration of the emotional, motivational and social context of students when designing their learning environment.
This Final Degree Project studies the relationship between the satisfaction of students' basic psychological needs (autonomy, relatedness and competence) and their self-regulated learning (SRL). It is essential to understand self-regulated learning as an active process in which students are able to guide their emotions, select strategies or achieve the proposed objectives. It also includes the use of metacognitive skills in the course of such learning, as well as the consideration of the impact of BPNs. Therefore, a total of 12 articles were reviewed, through a systematized search process, in which the relationship between SRL and the satisfaction of BPNs in students was explored. Thus, a positive association was found between autonomous types of motivation, positive academic results or the increased use of self-regulatory strategies, with the satisfaction of the three BPNs. This is why we conclude with the need to adapt the educational environments and the teaching environment to promote the satisfaction of these BPNs and to encourage a more autonomous and self-directed study. It also advocates a consideration of the emotional, motivational and social context of students when designing their learning environment.
Direction
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Tutorships)
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Tutorships)
Court
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Student’s tutor)
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Student’s tutor)
Basic mechanisms underlying intentional forgetting
Authorship
M.G.A.
Psychology
M.G.A.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
Intentional forgetting is a tool, both necessary and versatile, central to the correct functioning of memory as well as the maintenance of psychological well-being and functioning in daily life. Despite various investigations and enquiries into the underlying mechanisms behind targeted forgetting there is a marked lack of scholarly understanding (Gamboa et.al., 2022). It has been shown that forgetting caused by suppression of harmful memories acts as a crucial ability for maintaining a good mental health, especially when related to disorders in which these memories are nonadaptive or defective. Recent Neurological studies propose evidence related to the active role of the brain in inhibiting recovery of certain memories through a process of specific cognitive and neurochemical mechanisms (Costanzi et al., 2021). The following dissertation will look at contemporary scientific works about the cognitive mechanisms involved in intentional forgetting such as: suppression, forgetting induced by suppression (Retrieval Induced Suppression, RIF), and inhibitory control. We shall address these key points by looking at experimental paradigms and we shall pay special attention to the Think/No-Think (TNT) model. Aiming to integrate recent findings and expanding our understanding of the basic mechanisms which act as the backbone for motivated forgetting, ten experimental studies shall be compared and analysed. The findings collected in this dissertation reinforce the idea that motivated forgetting is a complex phenomenon without a single underlying process, although the role of inhibitory control as a key mechanism does stand out. Furthermore, it has been observed that direct suppression reduces the accessibility of unwanted memories but it does not remove them, and that this mechanism varies due to a variety of individual factors such as the perceived psychological-regulation.
Intentional forgetting is a tool, both necessary and versatile, central to the correct functioning of memory as well as the maintenance of psychological well-being and functioning in daily life. Despite various investigations and enquiries into the underlying mechanisms behind targeted forgetting there is a marked lack of scholarly understanding (Gamboa et.al., 2022). It has been shown that forgetting caused by suppression of harmful memories acts as a crucial ability for maintaining a good mental health, especially when related to disorders in which these memories are nonadaptive or defective. Recent Neurological studies propose evidence related to the active role of the brain in inhibiting recovery of certain memories through a process of specific cognitive and neurochemical mechanisms (Costanzi et al., 2021). The following dissertation will look at contemporary scientific works about the cognitive mechanisms involved in intentional forgetting such as: suppression, forgetting induced by suppression (Retrieval Induced Suppression, RIF), and inhibitory control. We shall address these key points by looking at experimental paradigms and we shall pay special attention to the Think/No-Think (TNT) model. Aiming to integrate recent findings and expanding our understanding of the basic mechanisms which act as the backbone for motivated forgetting, ten experimental studies shall be compared and analysed. The findings collected in this dissertation reinforce the idea that motivated forgetting is a complex phenomenon without a single underlying process, although the role of inhibitory control as a key mechanism does stand out. Furthermore, it has been observed that direct suppression reduces the accessibility of unwanted memories but it does not remove them, and that this mechanism varies due to a variety of individual factors such as the perceived psychological-regulation.
Direction
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Tutorships)
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Tutorships)
Court
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Student’s tutor)
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Student’s tutor)
Leisure activities and cognitive reserve: main indicators and analysis of the impact on cognitive performance
Authorship
I.H.R.
Psychology
I.H.R.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 11:30
07.16.2025 11:30
Summary
The present Bachelor's Thesis (TFG) carries out a systematic bibliographic review of the most recent scientific literature in databases on leisure activities that are related to cognitive reserve (CR), analyzing how these activities impact cognitive performance. Given that the world population is increasingly aging and that the relationship between aging and cognitive functioning is negative, it is of great interest to identify which activities can promote healthy cognitive aging, showing special interest in activities practiced during aging, as these are the only modifiable ones. A systematic search was carried out in Dialnet, PsycInfo, and WOS, and among the articles found, 11 were selected for meeting the criteria of this review. The results showed that leisure activities in old age such as handicrafts, mentally stimulating, artistic, and physical activities produce improvements in CR performance and in general cognitive health, producing improvements in the performance of memory tasks, executive function, visuospatial domain, motor unctioning, visuomotor, auditory-motor, verbal reasoning, learning, and verbal fluency. It is worth noting that passive leisure activities (TV, radio, going to the cinema...) were the only ones that did not show a positive relationship with CR, although they may be beneficial in other areas. Taking these results into account, we cannot forget the limitations of these studies (mostly cross-sectional, non-equitable samples, self-reported classification, etc.), promoting the need for more studies that address these biases in order to promote a more active, autonomous, and healthy aging.
The present Bachelor's Thesis (TFG) carries out a systematic bibliographic review of the most recent scientific literature in databases on leisure activities that are related to cognitive reserve (CR), analyzing how these activities impact cognitive performance. Given that the world population is increasingly aging and that the relationship between aging and cognitive functioning is negative, it is of great interest to identify which activities can promote healthy cognitive aging, showing special interest in activities practiced during aging, as these are the only modifiable ones. A systematic search was carried out in Dialnet, PsycInfo, and WOS, and among the articles found, 11 were selected for meeting the criteria of this review. The results showed that leisure activities in old age such as handicrafts, mentally stimulating, artistic, and physical activities produce improvements in CR performance and in general cognitive health, producing improvements in the performance of memory tasks, executive function, visuospatial domain, motor unctioning, visuomotor, auditory-motor, verbal reasoning, learning, and verbal fluency. It is worth noting that passive leisure activities (TV, radio, going to the cinema...) were the only ones that did not show a positive relationship with CR, although they may be beneficial in other areas. Taking these results into account, we cannot forget the limitations of these studies (mostly cross-sectional, non-equitable samples, self-reported classification, etc.), promoting the need for more studies that address these biases in order to promote a more active, autonomous, and healthy aging.
Direction
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Tutorships)
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Tutorships)
Court
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Student’s tutor)
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Student’s tutor)
Menstruation and comprehensive health: emotional, educational and social impact from a critical perspective.
Authorship
P.H.P.
Psychology
P.H.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 11:30
07.15.2025 11:30
Summary
Menstruation is a natural physiological process that affects half of the world’s population for around 40 years. Despite this and its universality, it remains a taboo topic in many cultures, often associated with shame, stigma and misinformation. As a result, the real repercussions of the menstrual cycle on daily life, especially for young people, have been rendered invisible. This paper aims to explore the current state of research addressing the impact of menstruation on the mental health, academic, and social spheres of menstruating individuals, focusing on adolescents and young women, through a literature review of 14 articles published between 2018 and the present. The results show how menstrual symptoms affect emotional well-being (anxiety, depression, irritability, insomnia), academic performance (absences, low grades, lack of concentration) and social life (isolation, stigma, limitations in relationships). Although some studies approach these dimensions comprehensively, the majority present them in a fragmented way, hindering a holistic understanding of menstrual health. Furthermore, a strong lack of early menstrual education was identified, focused almost exclusively on biological aspects, without addressing social or emotional components. It is recommended to develop inclusive educational programs where safe spaces can be created to discuss menstruation without taboos. The study also denounces the scarcity of interdisciplinary research and the lack of specific public policies are also denounced, despite this being a reality that affects more than half of the population. It is concluded that menstruation must be recognized as a central issue of public health, equity and rights.
Menstruation is a natural physiological process that affects half of the world’s population for around 40 years. Despite this and its universality, it remains a taboo topic in many cultures, often associated with shame, stigma and misinformation. As a result, the real repercussions of the menstrual cycle on daily life, especially for young people, have been rendered invisible. This paper aims to explore the current state of research addressing the impact of menstruation on the mental health, academic, and social spheres of menstruating individuals, focusing on adolescents and young women, through a literature review of 14 articles published between 2018 and the present. The results show how menstrual symptoms affect emotional well-being (anxiety, depression, irritability, insomnia), academic performance (absences, low grades, lack of concentration) and social life (isolation, stigma, limitations in relationships). Although some studies approach these dimensions comprehensively, the majority present them in a fragmented way, hindering a holistic understanding of menstrual health. Furthermore, a strong lack of early menstrual education was identified, focused almost exclusively on biological aspects, without addressing social or emotional components. It is recommended to develop inclusive educational programs where safe spaces can be created to discuss menstruation without taboos. The study also denounces the scarcity of interdisciplinary research and the lack of specific public policies are also denounced, despite this being a reality that affects more than half of the population. It is concluded that menstruation must be recognized as a central issue of public health, equity and rights.
Direction
CASTRO BALSA, MARIA JOSEFA (Tutorships)
Villar García, Eva (Co-tutorships)
CASTRO BALSA, MARIA JOSEFA (Tutorships)
Villar García, Eva (Co-tutorships)
Court
CASTRO BALSA, MARIA JOSEFA (Student’s tutor)
Villar García, Eva (Student’s tutor)
CASTRO BALSA, MARIA JOSEFA (Student’s tutor)
Villar García, Eva (Student’s tutor)
The association between traditional masculinity and male violence against women
Authorship
M.L.D.
Psychology
M.L.D.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 10:30
07.15.2025 10:30
Summary
The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between adherence to traditional masculinity and intimate partner violence perpetrated by men against women. It analyzes how certain masculine ideals -such as control, emotional toughness, and self-sufficiency- act as risk factors for the use of violence, especially when combined with variables such as masculine gender role stress (MGRS), low self-esteem, or limited emotional competence. The evidence indicates that these factors do not operate alone but interact and increase the likelihood of aggressive behavior, particularly when men perceive their masculinity is being threatened. Based on the analysis of the results, the study concludes that this relationship is strong and that several mediating factors can be identified. Research in this field continues to evolve, and there is still a long way to go in testing explanatory hypotheses; nevertheless, the study of violence against women continues to provide highly valuable evidence.
The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between adherence to traditional masculinity and intimate partner violence perpetrated by men against women. It analyzes how certain masculine ideals -such as control, emotional toughness, and self-sufficiency- act as risk factors for the use of violence, especially when combined with variables such as masculine gender role stress (MGRS), low self-esteem, or limited emotional competence. The evidence indicates that these factors do not operate alone but interact and increase the likelihood of aggressive behavior, particularly when men perceive their masculinity is being threatened. Based on the analysis of the results, the study concludes that this relationship is strong and that several mediating factors can be identified. Research in this field continues to evolve, and there is still a long way to go in testing explanatory hypotheses; nevertheless, the study of violence against women continues to provide highly valuable evidence.
Direction
Mirón Redondo, María Lourdes (Tutorships)
Mirón Redondo, María Lourdes (Tutorships)
Court
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Chairman)
NIETO VIEITES, ANA (Secretary)
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Member)
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Chairman)
NIETO VIEITES, ANA (Secretary)
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Member)
Psychosocial risks in policing: Implications for mental health and recommendations for action
Authorship
L.L.S.
Psychology
L.L.S.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:30
07.16.2025 10:30
Summary
The present study analyzes the relationship between work stressors and mental health in a sample of Civil Guard (CG) officers in Spain. Although there is ample evidence on the high psychological burden in police forces, research specifically focused on the CG remains scarce. A total of 809 officers, members of different professional associations of CG, completed an online form that included standardized measures of working conditions (PSQ), sleep quality (B-PSQI), anxiety symptoms (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9) and general psychological distress (GHQ-12). Descriptive, correlational analyses and stepwise hierarchical regression were performed. The results indicated that, although work stressors explain part of the psychological distress, their effect decreases significantly when mental health indicators are incorporated into the model, with depressive symptoms being the strongest predictor. These findings suggest a possible mediating effect of health factors on the relationship between stressors and distress, in line with the Theory of Job Demands and Resources, and underline the need to implement comprehensive interventions that combine the reduction of organizational demands with strategies to promote psychological well-being. In the conclusions, proposals for action derived from these results are presented.
The present study analyzes the relationship between work stressors and mental health in a sample of Civil Guard (CG) officers in Spain. Although there is ample evidence on the high psychological burden in police forces, research specifically focused on the CG remains scarce. A total of 809 officers, members of different professional associations of CG, completed an online form that included standardized measures of working conditions (PSQ), sleep quality (B-PSQI), anxiety symptoms (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9) and general psychological distress (GHQ-12). Descriptive, correlational analyses and stepwise hierarchical regression were performed. The results indicated that, although work stressors explain part of the psychological distress, their effect decreases significantly when mental health indicators are incorporated into the model, with depressive symptoms being the strongest predictor. These findings suggest a possible mediating effect of health factors on the relationship between stressors and distress, in line with the Theory of Job Demands and Resources, and underline the need to implement comprehensive interventions that combine the reduction of organizational demands with strategies to promote psychological well-being. In the conclusions, proposals for action derived from these results are presented.
Direction
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Tutorships)
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Tutorships)
Court
Dono Martín, Marcos (Chairman)
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Secretary)
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Member)
Dono Martín, Marcos (Chairman)
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Secretary)
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Member)
Emotional regulation and psychosocial development in early childhood: A mediation model with a gender perspective
Authorship
A.L.N.
Psychology
A.L.N.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
Emotion regulation is a fundamental pillar of children’s socio-emotional development, playing a determining role in the quality of interpersonal relationships and early psychological adjustment. The available theoretical framework postulates an association between this construct and prosociality, as well as a lower prevalence of social problems, but scientific evidence continues to present discrepancies. The objective of the present research lies in the exploration of the relationship between emotional regulation and social behaviors (prosociality and social problems), valuing the mediating role of social competencies. Additionally, it analyzes possible gender differences present in the constructs and the relationships established between them. The empirical evidence was based on data compiled in a longitudinal study, the ELISA Project. This research provided validated instruments to Galician families of 2232 boys and girls aged 3 to 6 years, with three follow-ups. The data were analyzed through correlational analyses and mediation models (path analysis). The results reflect significant gender differences, revealing higher competence, regulation, and prosociality in girls and more social problems in boys. The indirect relationships between regulation and social behaviors were significant in both genders. However, the only direct association, beyond those established with social competence, was between emotion regulation and social problems in boys, highlighting the important mediating role of social competencies. Therefore, emotional regulation alone does not constitute a unique predictor of social adjustment; it is necessary to simultaneously promote social competence to achieve optimal psychosocial development in children.
Emotion regulation is a fundamental pillar of children’s socio-emotional development, playing a determining role in the quality of interpersonal relationships and early psychological adjustment. The available theoretical framework postulates an association between this construct and prosociality, as well as a lower prevalence of social problems, but scientific evidence continues to present discrepancies. The objective of the present research lies in the exploration of the relationship between emotional regulation and social behaviors (prosociality and social problems), valuing the mediating role of social competencies. Additionally, it analyzes possible gender differences present in the constructs and the relationships established between them. The empirical evidence was based on data compiled in a longitudinal study, the ELISA Project. This research provided validated instruments to Galician families of 2232 boys and girls aged 3 to 6 years, with three follow-ups. The data were analyzed through correlational analyses and mediation models (path analysis). The results reflect significant gender differences, revealing higher competence, regulation, and prosociality in girls and more social problems in boys. The indirect relationships between regulation and social behaviors were significant in both genders. However, the only direct association, beyond those established with social competence, was between emotion regulation and social problems in boys, highlighting the important mediating role of social competencies. Therefore, emotional regulation alone does not constitute a unique predictor of social adjustment; it is necessary to simultaneously promote social competence to achieve optimal psychosocial development in children.
Direction
LOPEZ ROMERO, MARÍA LAURA (Tutorships)
LOPEZ ROMERO, MARÍA LAURA (Tutorships)
Court
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Chairman)
AMENEDO LOSADA, MARIA ELENA (Secretary)
Vazquez Rodriguez, Maria Isabel (Member)
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Chairman)
AMENEDO LOSADA, MARIA ELENA (Secretary)
Vazquez Rodriguez, Maria Isabel (Member)
Psychological Interventions in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS): a systematic review.
Authorship
Y.M.G.
Psychology
Y.M.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:30
07.16.2025 10:30
Summary
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease that causes severe symptoms of weakness and muscle atrophy. As a consequence of its chronic and terminal nature, ALS causes great psychological distress in both patients and their caregivers. However, from the health care point of view, efforts have been directed especially towards alleviating the physical symptoms of the disease and the application of physiotherapies aimed at slowing down the progress of this pathology. Because of this, there is a great scarcity of scientific literature on the need and application of psychological interventions aimed at helping patients to cope with the challenges that this disease implies. For this reason, this Final Degree Project aims to review the research aimed at analyzing the level of effectiveness of different types of psychological interventions in patients with ALS. For this, a review of studies published from 2013 to the present was carried out in the databases PubMed and PsycInfo, finally selecting a total of 14 studies. In general, the psychological interventions were very different in nature - such as cognitive-behavioral, mindfulness-based, Dignity Therapy, Empathy-Based Therapy or compassion-focused therapy - however, the results obtained, confirm the positive effects of all of them. Finally, the need to continue advancing in new proposals for psychological intervention in order to provide the greatest possible relief from the suffering that this disease entails is emphasized.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease that causes severe symptoms of weakness and muscle atrophy. As a consequence of its chronic and terminal nature, ALS causes great psychological distress in both patients and their caregivers. However, from the health care point of view, efforts have been directed especially towards alleviating the physical symptoms of the disease and the application of physiotherapies aimed at slowing down the progress of this pathology. Because of this, there is a great scarcity of scientific literature on the need and application of psychological interventions aimed at helping patients to cope with the challenges that this disease implies. For this reason, this Final Degree Project aims to review the research aimed at analyzing the level of effectiveness of different types of psychological interventions in patients with ALS. For this, a review of studies published from 2013 to the present was carried out in the databases PubMed and PsycInfo, finally selecting a total of 14 studies. In general, the psychological interventions were very different in nature - such as cognitive-behavioral, mindfulness-based, Dignity Therapy, Empathy-Based Therapy or compassion-focused therapy - however, the results obtained, confirm the positive effects of all of them. Finally, the need to continue advancing in new proposals for psychological intervention in order to provide the greatest possible relief from the suffering that this disease entails is emphasized.
Direction
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Tutorships)
Castro Bolaño, Maria Cristina (Tutorships)
Court
ROMERO TRIÑANES, ESTRELLA (Chairman)
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Secretary)
Gómez Salgado, Patricia (Member)
ROMERO TRIÑANES, ESTRELLA (Chairman)
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Secretary)
Gómez Salgado, Patricia (Member)
Heuristics and biases in human inference: the clinical setting
Authorship
N.M.M.
Psychology
N.M.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 12:00
07.16.2025 12:00
Summary
Healthcare professionals make clinical decisions on a daily basis in contexts characterized by uncertainty, high clinical pressure, or incomplete information. In such conditions, the use of heuristics is common, as they streamline reasoning, although they may also lead to cognitive biases. The aim of this study was to analyze, through a systematized literature review, how heuristics and cognitive biases affect clinical reasoning, what type of reasoning predominates in healthcare practice, in which contexts heuristics are most frequently used, and to what extent professionals are aware of their own biases. To this end, twelve studies published between 2014 and 2024 were selected following a structured search across five academic databases. The results indicate that heuristics constitute a structural component of clinical reasoning and tend to be used more often in familiar scenarios, under high clinical demand, or when information is incomplete. Although their use does not always lead to errors, certain factors, such as lack of deliberate reflection or limited clinical knowledge, can increase their negative impact. The review also found low levels of awareness among professionals regarding their use of heuristics as well as a general absence of studies exploring the influence of emotions on the diagnostic process. Overall, the findings highlight the need to further investigate these mechanisms using integrative approaches and real clinical settings, while promoting metacognitive skills that allow the monitoring clinical reasoning.
Healthcare professionals make clinical decisions on a daily basis in contexts characterized by uncertainty, high clinical pressure, or incomplete information. In such conditions, the use of heuristics is common, as they streamline reasoning, although they may also lead to cognitive biases. The aim of this study was to analyze, through a systematized literature review, how heuristics and cognitive biases affect clinical reasoning, what type of reasoning predominates in healthcare practice, in which contexts heuristics are most frequently used, and to what extent professionals are aware of their own biases. To this end, twelve studies published between 2014 and 2024 were selected following a structured search across five academic databases. The results indicate that heuristics constitute a structural component of clinical reasoning and tend to be used more often in familiar scenarios, under high clinical demand, or when information is incomplete. Although their use does not always lead to errors, certain factors, such as lack of deliberate reflection or limited clinical knowledge, can increase their negative impact. The review also found low levels of awareness among professionals regarding their use of heuristics as well as a general absence of studies exploring the influence of emotions on the diagnostic process. Overall, the findings highlight the need to further investigate these mechanisms using integrative approaches and real clinical settings, while promoting metacognitive skills that allow the monitoring clinical reasoning.
Direction
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Tutorships)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Tutorships)
Court
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Student’s tutor)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Student’s tutor)
The mirror neuron system in autism spectrum disorder
Authorship
S.M.R.
Psychology
S.M.R.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:00
07.16.2025 10:00
Summary
This study presents a systematic review of the scientific literature from the past fifteen years on the functioning of the mirror neuron system (MNS) in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), based on findings from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies. The main objective is to examine whether MNS alterations may contribute to the social cognition difficulties typically associated with ASD. A systematic bibliographic search was conducted in the PubMed and PsycInfo databases, selecting studies that compared MNS activation and connectivity in individuals with ASD and typically developing (TD) controls during tasks involving imitation, empathy, or the attribution of intentions. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 12 studies were selected for the final review. The results show consistent patterns of hypoactivation in key MNS regions, such as the inferior frontal gyrus and inferior parietal lobule, along with reduced functional connectivity between the MNS and other social cognition networks, especially the theory of mind (ToM) network. These findings suggest an atypical integration between embodied simulation processes and higher-order mechanisms involved in understanding others’ mental states. In addition, some studies highlight variability within the autism spectrum, with differences in neural patterns associated with individual language profiles. In conclusion, the reviewed studies support the hypothesis that MNS dysfunction and its poor integration with other social networks may underlie the interpersonal and empathic challenges observed in ASD.
This study presents a systematic review of the scientific literature from the past fifteen years on the functioning of the mirror neuron system (MNS) in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), based on findings from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies. The main objective is to examine whether MNS alterations may contribute to the social cognition difficulties typically associated with ASD. A systematic bibliographic search was conducted in the PubMed and PsycInfo databases, selecting studies that compared MNS activation and connectivity in individuals with ASD and typically developing (TD) controls during tasks involving imitation, empathy, or the attribution of intentions. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 12 studies were selected for the final review. The results show consistent patterns of hypoactivation in key MNS regions, such as the inferior frontal gyrus and inferior parietal lobule, along with reduced functional connectivity between the MNS and other social cognition networks, especially the theory of mind (ToM) network. These findings suggest an atypical integration between embodied simulation processes and higher-order mechanisms involved in understanding others’ mental states. In addition, some studies highlight variability within the autism spectrum, with differences in neural patterns associated with individual language profiles. In conclusion, the reviewed studies support the hypothesis that MNS dysfunction and its poor integration with other social networks may underlie the interpersonal and empathic challenges observed in ASD.
Direction
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Tutorships)
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Tutorships)
Court
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Student’s tutor)
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Student’s tutor)
The protective role of percieved social support over the mental health of university students
Authorship
G.N.F.
Psychology
G.N.F.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 10:30
07.15.2025 10:30
Summary
In recent years, there has been an increase in mental health problems among the university population, which is why it is considered important to understand the factors that may serve as protective. The main objective of this study was to examine the protective role of perceived social support from family and friends of university students on mental health, considering differences between women and men. To this end, a sample of 150 USC students was analyzed regarding the variables of perceived social support from friends and family, and psychological distress, evaluating anxiety, depression, and somatic symptoms, measured with the PAS and BSI18 scales. The regression analysis results show that the social support perceived by students can explain a large part of their mental health symptomatology. Specifically, perceived support from family and friends predicts 33 percent of depressive symptoms, with friends having a greater influence than family. On the other hand, perceived support from friends was the only predictor of the anxiety dimension. Regarding sex differences, women show greater severity in mental health symptoms than men. Therefore, perceived social support should be a priority in addressing mental health problems among university students, with special attention given to women, as they are more affected by these issues.
In recent years, there has been an increase in mental health problems among the university population, which is why it is considered important to understand the factors that may serve as protective. The main objective of this study was to examine the protective role of perceived social support from family and friends of university students on mental health, considering differences between women and men. To this end, a sample of 150 USC students was analyzed regarding the variables of perceived social support from friends and family, and psychological distress, evaluating anxiety, depression, and somatic symptoms, measured with the PAS and BSI18 scales. The regression analysis results show that the social support perceived by students can explain a large part of their mental health symptomatology. Specifically, perceived support from family and friends predicts 33 percent of depressive symptoms, with friends having a greater influence than family. On the other hand, perceived support from friends was the only predictor of the anxiety dimension. Regarding sex differences, women show greater severity in mental health symptoms than men. Therefore, perceived social support should be a priority in addressing mental health problems among university students, with special attention given to women, as they are more affected by these issues.
Direction
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Tutorships)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Tutorships)
Court
PEREIRO ROZAS, ARTURO JOSE (Chairman)
BRAÑA TOBIO, MARIA TERESA (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
PEREIRO ROZAS, ARTURO JOSE (Chairman)
BRAÑA TOBIO, MARIA TERESA (Secretary)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Member)
Traditional masculinity: a review of its learning and its implication in the development of maladaptive behaviors
Authorship
T.N.G.
Psychology
T.N.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
Traditional masculinity imposes on a rigid model based on emotional control, self-sufficiency, and rejection of the feminine. This model has been identified as a risk factor for the psychological and social well-being of men. The main objective of this systematic review was to analyze how learning this normative model of masculinity may be the reason for the development of maladaptive behaviors in adult life, as well as for the difficulty in expressing emotional distress, isolation or violence. To do so, a systematic search of studies published between 2018 and the present was carried out. Ultimately, ten empirical investigations that study this phenomenon using different methodologies were selected. The results of this review show that the normative ideal begins to consolidate from childhood, especially in spaces such as school or peer groups, where vulnerability is sanctioned and attributes such as toughness and dominance are reinforced. The internalization of these mandates is associated in adult life with atypical depressive symptoms, poor help-seeking, difficulties in affective relationships and various forms of violence, especially the use of weapons and gender violence. Far from being due to individual dysfunctions, these behaviors are presented in this review as the consequences of a series of learned and socially reinforced gender mandates, embedded in a system that legitimizes male superiority and penalizes any deviation from the ideal. The findings seem to reinforce the need to question the current normative model and promote greater diversity in the experience of masculinity.
Traditional masculinity imposes on a rigid model based on emotional control, self-sufficiency, and rejection of the feminine. This model has been identified as a risk factor for the psychological and social well-being of men. The main objective of this systematic review was to analyze how learning this normative model of masculinity may be the reason for the development of maladaptive behaviors in adult life, as well as for the difficulty in expressing emotional distress, isolation or violence. To do so, a systematic search of studies published between 2018 and the present was carried out. Ultimately, ten empirical investigations that study this phenomenon using different methodologies were selected. The results of this review show that the normative ideal begins to consolidate from childhood, especially in spaces such as school or peer groups, where vulnerability is sanctioned and attributes such as toughness and dominance are reinforced. The internalization of these mandates is associated in adult life with atypical depressive symptoms, poor help-seeking, difficulties in affective relationships and various forms of violence, especially the use of weapons and gender violence. Far from being due to individual dysfunctions, these behaviors are presented in this review as the consequences of a series of learned and socially reinforced gender mandates, embedded in a system that legitimizes male superiority and penalizes any deviation from the ideal. The findings seem to reinforce the need to question the current normative model and promote greater diversity in the experience of masculinity.
Direction
Sampedro Vizcaya, María José (Tutorships)
Sampedro Vizcaya, María José (Tutorships)
Court
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Chairman)
ESMORIS ARRANZ, FRANCISCO JOSE (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Member)
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Chairman)
ESMORIS ARRANZ, FRANCISCO JOSE (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Member)
Comorbidity between ADHD and dyslexia
Authorship
A.S.P.R.
Psychology
A.S.P.R.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
Neurodevelopmental disorders, particularly Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and dyslexia, are among the main causes of school failure and psychosocial difficulties in childhood and adolescence. These disorders have traditionally been studied separately, despite the high rate at which they co-occur in the same individual. This comorbidity presents a clinical and educational challenge, as it may intensify cognitive, emotional, and academic difficulties in students. The purpose of this study was to analyze the comorbidity between ADHD and dyslexia from a neuropsychological perspective, with special attention to the executive functions involved. The research was conducted through a systematic review of scientific literature published between 2015 and 2025, following the PRISMA protocol. A total of 23 empirical studies were included based on strict methodological criteria. The findings revealed that working memory, inhibition, and sustained attention were executive functions impaired in both ADHD and dyslexia, with more severe deficits in comorbid cases. Additionally, children with dual diagnoses showed a more complex neuropsychological profile, including greater difficulties in reading, writing, emotional self-regulation, and motor coordination. It was concluded that ADHD and dyslexia comorbidity represents a specific clinical profile that cannot be explained as a mere sum of both disorders. These findings highlight the need for differentiated assessments and integrated interventions that simultaneously address the cognitive, emotional, and educational needs of affected students.
Neurodevelopmental disorders, particularly Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and dyslexia, are among the main causes of school failure and psychosocial difficulties in childhood and adolescence. These disorders have traditionally been studied separately, despite the high rate at which they co-occur in the same individual. This comorbidity presents a clinical and educational challenge, as it may intensify cognitive, emotional, and academic difficulties in students. The purpose of this study was to analyze the comorbidity between ADHD and dyslexia from a neuropsychological perspective, with special attention to the executive functions involved. The research was conducted through a systematic review of scientific literature published between 2015 and 2025, following the PRISMA protocol. A total of 23 empirical studies were included based on strict methodological criteria. The findings revealed that working memory, inhibition, and sustained attention were executive functions impaired in both ADHD and dyslexia, with more severe deficits in comorbid cases. Additionally, children with dual diagnoses showed a more complex neuropsychological profile, including greater difficulties in reading, writing, emotional self-regulation, and motor coordination. It was concluded that ADHD and dyslexia comorbidity represents a specific clinical profile that cannot be explained as a mere sum of both disorders. These findings highlight the need for differentiated assessments and integrated interventions that simultaneously address the cognitive, emotional, and educational needs of affected students.
Direction
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Tutorships)
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Tutorships)
Court
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Student’s tutor)
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Student’s tutor)
Multiple sclerosis and social cognition: a review of deficits in theory of mind, emotion recognition, and empathy
Authorship
P.P.D.
Psychology
P.P.D.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:30
07.16.2025 10:30
Summary
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system and represents one of the most common non-traumatic disorders of the nervous system. In addition to causing cognitive and physical impairments, it impacts social cognition, understood as the set of processes that allow individuals to interpret, understand, and respond appropriately in different social situations. This domain encompasses theory of mind (ToM), facial emotion recognition, and empathy. The present work is a systematic review of recent scientific literature that analyzes the impact of MS on social cognition. The search was conducted in the PubMed and PsycInfo databases, and 15 studies were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The majority of the findings indicate a significant deterioration in ToM and facial emotion recognition abilities in MS patients compared to control groups. However, the results regarding empathy are less consistent across studies. Some research also identifies a possible relationship between social cognitive deficits and impairments in other neurocognitive domains, although this association is not conclusive. There is broad agreement on the negative impact of social cognitive difficulties on patients’ quality of life. In conclusion, social cognition appears to be frequently impaired in individuals with MS, with serious consequences for their everyday functioning. These findings underscore the need for further research and the development of specific clinical interventions aimed at addressing these deficits.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system and represents one of the most common non-traumatic disorders of the nervous system. In addition to causing cognitive and physical impairments, it impacts social cognition, understood as the set of processes that allow individuals to interpret, understand, and respond appropriately in different social situations. This domain encompasses theory of mind (ToM), facial emotion recognition, and empathy. The present work is a systematic review of recent scientific literature that analyzes the impact of MS on social cognition. The search was conducted in the PubMed and PsycInfo databases, and 15 studies were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The majority of the findings indicate a significant deterioration in ToM and facial emotion recognition abilities in MS patients compared to control groups. However, the results regarding empathy are less consistent across studies. Some research also identifies a possible relationship between social cognitive deficits and impairments in other neurocognitive domains, although this association is not conclusive. There is broad agreement on the negative impact of social cognitive difficulties on patients’ quality of life. In conclusion, social cognition appears to be frequently impaired in individuals with MS, with serious consequences for their everyday functioning. These findings underscore the need for further research and the development of specific clinical interventions aimed at addressing these deficits.
Direction
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Tutorships)
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Tutorships)
Court
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Student’s tutor)
DOALLO PESADO, SONIA (Student’s tutor)
Early cognitive impairment as a prognostic marker in Parkinson's disease
Authorship
P.P.L.
Psychology
P.P.L.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 11:00
07.14.2025 11:00
Summary
Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a chronic and persistent neurodegenerative pathology that affects the central and peripheral nervous system as a result of neuronal degeneration. It is more prevalent in men, and it is estimated that in Spain it affects 2% of people over 65 years, growing exponentially with advancing age. Among its manifestations, motor symptoms are the most evident and well-known, but interest in the study of the associated non-motor symptoms (especially in the cognitive area) has increased in recent decades, as previously it was only linked to the more advanced stages of the disease. Tgus, the main objectives of this work are to know the current research on the profile associated with PD when the first signs of objective cognitive impairment become evident and to assess the validity of early cognitive symptoms as markers of disease prognosis. A systematic search of electronic databases was conducted and 11 articles were selected. After review, the cross-sectional and longitudinal studies included point to a predominance of a non-amnesic cognitive profile, with impairment of attention, executive functions, working memory or visuospatial functions. In relation to the prognostic value, it is concluded that the early cognitive impairment is related to a higher risk of developing dementia, greater motor severity, lower daily functionality and higher mortality, without finding a significant impact on the quality of life of patients or on the burden of their caregivers. Finally, contradictory results are found regarding the influence of cognitive impairment in PD on depressive symptomatology.
Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a chronic and persistent neurodegenerative pathology that affects the central and peripheral nervous system as a result of neuronal degeneration. It is more prevalent in men, and it is estimated that in Spain it affects 2% of people over 65 years, growing exponentially with advancing age. Among its manifestations, motor symptoms are the most evident and well-known, but interest in the study of the associated non-motor symptoms (especially in the cognitive area) has increased in recent decades, as previously it was only linked to the more advanced stages of the disease. Tgus, the main objectives of this work are to know the current research on the profile associated with PD when the first signs of objective cognitive impairment become evident and to assess the validity of early cognitive symptoms as markers of disease prognosis. A systematic search of electronic databases was conducted and 11 articles were selected. After review, the cross-sectional and longitudinal studies included point to a predominance of a non-amnesic cognitive profile, with impairment of attention, executive functions, working memory or visuospatial functions. In relation to the prognostic value, it is concluded that the early cognitive impairment is related to a higher risk of developing dementia, greater motor severity, lower daily functionality and higher mortality, without finding a significant impact on the quality of life of patients or on the burden of their caregivers. Finally, contradictory results are found regarding the influence of cognitive impairment in PD on depressive symptomatology.
Direction
PEREIRO ROZAS, ARTURO JOSE (Tutorships)
PEREIRO ROZAS, ARTURO JOSE (Tutorships)
Court
PEREIRO ROZAS, ARTURO JOSE (Student’s tutor)
PEREIRO ROZAS, ARTURO JOSE (Student’s tutor)
Performance on an old/new verbal recognition task in older adults with and without mild cognitive impairment
Authorship
A.P.L.
Psychology
A.P.L.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
Population ageing has increased the need for early detection of neurodegenerative disorders such as dementia, especially in the early stages like Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD). Episodic memory, which is especially vulnerable to ageing and plays a key role in the progression to Alzheimer’s disease, is a priority domain to evaluate. The objective is to analyze performance in an old/new verbal recognition task in four groups of older adults: healthy controls, individuals with SCD, and with single-domain and multi-domain amnesic MCI. The hypothesis is that the MCI groups, especially the multidomain group, will show lower accuracy and longer reaction times compared to controls, while SCD will have a similar or slightly lower performance than healthy individuals. The quantitative study employed an experimental task composed of two phases (immediate and delayed) and collection of behavioral data (hits, errors, and reaction times) in a sample of 280 participants. Statistical analysis was performed using univariate ANOVAs in immediate and delayed recall, controlling for covariates (age, sex, and schooling), and repeated measures ANOVAs in immediate recall. The results confirm worse performance in MCI, especially multi-domain. At the intragroup level, all groups improved between the first block and the following ones in most variables, while the SCD showed a profile very close to the controls. Therefore, the usefulness of verbal recognition tasks as a sensitive tool to identify differentiated cognitive profiles in the initial stages of deterioration is highlighted.
Population ageing has increased the need for early detection of neurodegenerative disorders such as dementia, especially in the early stages like Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD). Episodic memory, which is especially vulnerable to ageing and plays a key role in the progression to Alzheimer’s disease, is a priority domain to evaluate. The objective is to analyze performance in an old/new verbal recognition task in four groups of older adults: healthy controls, individuals with SCD, and with single-domain and multi-domain amnesic MCI. The hypothesis is that the MCI groups, especially the multidomain group, will show lower accuracy and longer reaction times compared to controls, while SCD will have a similar or slightly lower performance than healthy individuals. The quantitative study employed an experimental task composed of two phases (immediate and delayed) and collection of behavioral data (hits, errors, and reaction times) in a sample of 280 participants. Statistical analysis was performed using univariate ANOVAs in immediate and delayed recall, controlling for covariates (age, sex, and schooling), and repeated measures ANOVAs in immediate recall. The results confirm worse performance in MCI, especially multi-domain. At the intragroup level, all groups improved between the first block and the following ones in most variables, while the SCD showed a profile very close to the controls. Therefore, the usefulness of verbal recognition tasks as a sensitive tool to identify differentiated cognitive profiles in the initial stages of deterioration is highlighted.
Direction
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Tutorships)
Zurrón Ocio, Montserrat (Tutorships)
Court
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Chairman)
AMENEDO LOSADA, MARIA ELENA (Secretary)
Vazquez Rodriguez, Maria Isabel (Member)
RIAL BOUBETA, ANTONIO (Chairman)
AMENEDO LOSADA, MARIA ELENA (Secretary)
Vazquez Rodriguez, Maria Isabel (Member)
Gambling disorder and depression: their psychological treatment.
Authorship
S.P.S.
Psychology
S.P.S.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:30
07.16.2025 10:30
Summary
Gambling disorder, recently classified as an addictive disorder, shows comorbidity with various mental health conditions, with depression being one of the most frequent. Several studies have reported a high prevalence of depressive symptoms in individuals with gambling disorder or gambling-related problems. This literature review aims to analyze the relationship between these two disorders and explore the most effective psychological treatments when they co-occur. To this end, a bibliographic search was conducted using the PsycInfo and PubMed databases, resulting in the selection of 14 studies that met the established criteria. The findings indicate that, in both clinical and subclinical contexts, there is a significant association between gambling disorder and depression, although there is no consensus on whether depression acts as a cause or a consequence. Regarding therapeutic approaches, cognitive-behavioral therapy stands out as the most supported intervention, especially when applied in an integrated manner to address both disorders. Online interventions have also shown benefits, although with limitations in adherence and long-term outcome maintenance. Additionally, depressive symptoms may hinder treatment adherence, increasing dropout rates. This review highlights the importance of addressing gambling disorder and depression through a joint clinical approach that enables more effective and personalized interventions.
Gambling disorder, recently classified as an addictive disorder, shows comorbidity with various mental health conditions, with depression being one of the most frequent. Several studies have reported a high prevalence of depressive symptoms in individuals with gambling disorder or gambling-related problems. This literature review aims to analyze the relationship between these two disorders and explore the most effective psychological treatments when they co-occur. To this end, a bibliographic search was conducted using the PsycInfo and PubMed databases, resulting in the selection of 14 studies that met the established criteria. The findings indicate that, in both clinical and subclinical contexts, there is a significant association between gambling disorder and depression, although there is no consensus on whether depression acts as a cause or a consequence. Regarding therapeutic approaches, cognitive-behavioral therapy stands out as the most supported intervention, especially when applied in an integrated manner to address both disorders. Online interventions have also shown benefits, although with limitations in adherence and long-term outcome maintenance. Additionally, depressive symptoms may hinder treatment adherence, increasing dropout rates. This review highlights the importance of addressing gambling disorder and depression through a joint clinical approach that enables more effective and personalized interventions.
Direction
BECOÑA IGLESIAS, ELISARDO (Tutorships)
BECOÑA IGLESIAS, ELISARDO (Tutorships)
Court
Dono Martín, Marcos (Chairman)
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Secretary)
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Member)
Dono Martín, Marcos (Chairman)
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Secretary)
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Member)
Special mechanisms or basic mechanisms for the explanation of traumatic memories?
Authorship
A.P.G.
Psychology
A.P.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 11:00
07.14.2025 11:00
Summary
This research addresses the debate surrounding the explanation of traumatic memories by analysing empirical evidence in favour of both special and basic mechanisms. Our main focus is on traumatic narratives of people with PTSD, with variables such as coherence, level of detail and characteristics of these types of memories being studied. Ten studies conducted over the last decade were selected, and contradictory evidence was found. Three studies show the existence of special mechanisms for integrating traumatic memories, which could explain incoherence or fragmentation in narratives. Four studies argue that traumatic memories use the same encoding and retrieval mechanisms as non-traumatic autobiographical memories because they found no significant differences between the experimental and control groups in the analysed variables. Finally, three studies found mixed evidence in their experiments' results. These results do not provide sufficient evidence to make a unilateral decision in favour of either position. However, given that most of the current results support the principles of the basic versus special mechanisms position, we must take this into account.
This research addresses the debate surrounding the explanation of traumatic memories by analysing empirical evidence in favour of both special and basic mechanisms. Our main focus is on traumatic narratives of people with PTSD, with variables such as coherence, level of detail and characteristics of these types of memories being studied. Ten studies conducted over the last decade were selected, and contradictory evidence was found. Three studies show the existence of special mechanisms for integrating traumatic memories, which could explain incoherence or fragmentation in narratives. Four studies argue that traumatic memories use the same encoding and retrieval mechanisms as non-traumatic autobiographical memories because they found no significant differences between the experimental and control groups in the analysed variables. Finally, three studies found mixed evidence in their experiments' results. These results do not provide sufficient evidence to make a unilateral decision in favour of either position. However, given that most of the current results support the principles of the basic versus special mechanisms position, we must take this into account.
Direction
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Tutorships)
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Tutorships)
Court
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Student’s tutor)
FERNÁNDEZ REY, JOSÉ (Student’s tutor)
Bullying in adolescence: perception and strategies for prevention and intervention
Authorship
U.P.M.
Psychology
U.P.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
Bullying is a highly complex social phenomenon, whose prevalence and seriousness have placed it as a priority issue both in the field of public health and in school coexistence. Despite this, in Spain its study is still limited, and there is little research that has focused on knowing the perception and awareness of children and adolescents of this problem. The objective of this qualitative study is to explore the discourse of adolescents around bullying. To this end, a sample of 47 adolescents enrolled in the first cycle of Compulsory Secondary Education was used. The distribution by sex was 48.9% men and 51.1% women. The ages of the participants ranged from 12 to 16 years (M = 13.19; SD = 1.03). They were divided into six discussion groups of between 6 and 10 people. Each group debated on some questions that the moderator was offering. The content of the discussion was recorded in audio and was subsequently analyzed with the help of ATLAS.ti software, which allowed the identification of relevant discursive patterns. The results offer a deep understanding of how students understand and perceive bullying, revealing the need to design preventive programs more adjusted to their experiences and concerns.
Bullying is a highly complex social phenomenon, whose prevalence and seriousness have placed it as a priority issue both in the field of public health and in school coexistence. Despite this, in Spain its study is still limited, and there is little research that has focused on knowing the perception and awareness of children and adolescents of this problem. The objective of this qualitative study is to explore the discourse of adolescents around bullying. To this end, a sample of 47 adolescents enrolled in the first cycle of Compulsory Secondary Education was used. The distribution by sex was 48.9% men and 51.1% women. The ages of the participants ranged from 12 to 16 years (M = 13.19; SD = 1.03). They were divided into six discussion groups of between 6 and 10 people. Each group debated on some questions that the moderator was offering. The content of the discussion was recorded in audio and was subsequently analyzed with the help of ATLAS.ti software, which allowed the identification of relevant discursive patterns. The results offer a deep understanding of how students understand and perceive bullying, revealing the need to design preventive programs more adjusted to their experiences and concerns.
Direction
Novo Pérez, Mercedes (Tutorships)
Novo Pérez, Mercedes (Tutorships)
Court
IGLESIAS CRIADO, MARIA DEL MAR (Chairman)
Taboada Ares, Eva María (Secretary)
VARELA MALLOU, JESUS (Member)
IGLESIAS CRIADO, MARIA DEL MAR (Chairman)
Taboada Ares, Eva María (Secretary)
VARELA MALLOU, JESUS (Member)
The effectiveness of Dialectical Behavior Therapy in people with Borderline Personality Disorder. A sistematic review.
Authorship
J.P.G.
Psychology
J.P.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:30
07.16.2025 10:30
Summary
The present undergraduate thesis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) in individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). To achieve this objective, a systematic review of the scientific literature published over the last ten years was conducted, drawing on the main databases Scopus and PsycINFO. Specific inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to identify a total of eleven relevant studies. These studies encompass various methodologies and clinical contexts, including both outpatient and inpatient interventions, as well as comparisons with other active treatments. Additionally, the review considered the outcomes of DBT interventions of different durations, ranging from short-term programs to longer treatment formats. The analysis focused on key variables such as the reduction of core BPD symptoms, improvements in emotional regulation and impulsivity, and other factors associated with the patients’ psychological well-being. Moreover, the effects of DBT on self-compassion and integrative self-knowledge were explored, which are crucial elements in the therapeutic approach to this disorder. The findings from the reviewed studies offer an updated perspective on the application of DBT for individuals with BPD and provide a synthesis of the most relevant results, contributing to a broader understanding of its therapeutic potential and its clinical implications.
The present undergraduate thesis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) in individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). To achieve this objective, a systematic review of the scientific literature published over the last ten years was conducted, drawing on the main databases Scopus and PsycINFO. Specific inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to identify a total of eleven relevant studies. These studies encompass various methodologies and clinical contexts, including both outpatient and inpatient interventions, as well as comparisons with other active treatments. Additionally, the review considered the outcomes of DBT interventions of different durations, ranging from short-term programs to longer treatment formats. The analysis focused on key variables such as the reduction of core BPD symptoms, improvements in emotional regulation and impulsivity, and other factors associated with the patients’ psychological well-being. Moreover, the effects of DBT on self-compassion and integrative self-knowledge were explored, which are crucial elements in the therapeutic approach to this disorder. The findings from the reviewed studies offer an updated perspective on the application of DBT for individuals with BPD and provide a synthesis of the most relevant results, contributing to a broader understanding of its therapeutic potential and its clinical implications.
Direction
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Tutorships)
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Tutorships)
Court
VAZQUEZ GONZALEZ, FERNANDO LINO (Chairman)
CID FERNANDEZ, SUSANA (Secretary)
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Member)
VAZQUEZ GONZALEZ, FERNANDO LINO (Chairman)
CID FERNANDEZ, SUSANA (Secretary)
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Member)
Efficacy of suicidal behavior prevention programs in older adults: A mini-systematic review
Authorship
U.P.L.
Psychology
U.P.L.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
The high prevalence of suicide among older adults demands urgent research into this phenomenon, particularly studies examining the efficacy of interventions aimed at preventing suicidal behaviors in this age group. This paper presents a systematic review of suicidal behavior prevention programs for adults aged 50 and older, sourced from PsycInfo, Medline, and WoS. The selected articles were published in peer-reviewed journals and employed experimental or quasi-experimental designs to validly assess cause-effect relationships between interventions and their outcomes. Among the 12 reviewed articles, 7 involved clinical samples and 5 used subclinical/community-based samples. Interventions analyzed in studies with clinical samples primarily included collaborative care in primary care settings and psychotherapy, whereas studies with subclinical or community samples focused on community-based interventions. Notably, both clinical and subclinical/community studies predominantly featured multicomponent interventions. The selected articles introduce innovative approaches not covered in previous reviews, particularly psychoeducation programs targeting primary care physicians, interventions designed for institutional settings where older adults reside, and those incorporating new technologies. Findings on efficacy are encouraging, generally reporting positive impacts on reducing suicidal behaviors, especially suicidal ideation, particularly in interventions targeting participants recruited from clinical contexts, who typically exhibit higher risk factors and prior suicidal behavior.
The high prevalence of suicide among older adults demands urgent research into this phenomenon, particularly studies examining the efficacy of interventions aimed at preventing suicidal behaviors in this age group. This paper presents a systematic review of suicidal behavior prevention programs for adults aged 50 and older, sourced from PsycInfo, Medline, and WoS. The selected articles were published in peer-reviewed journals and employed experimental or quasi-experimental designs to validly assess cause-effect relationships between interventions and their outcomes. Among the 12 reviewed articles, 7 involved clinical samples and 5 used subclinical/community-based samples. Interventions analyzed in studies with clinical samples primarily included collaborative care in primary care settings and psychotherapy, whereas studies with subclinical or community samples focused on community-based interventions. Notably, both clinical and subclinical/community studies predominantly featured multicomponent interventions. The selected articles introduce innovative approaches not covered in previous reviews, particularly psychoeducation programs targeting primary care physicians, interventions designed for institutional settings where older adults reside, and those incorporating new technologies. Findings on efficacy are encouraging, generally reporting positive impacts on reducing suicidal behaviors, especially suicidal ideation, particularly in interventions targeting participants recruited from clinical contexts, who typically exhibit higher risk factors and prior suicidal behavior.
Direction
PEREIRO ROZAS, ARTURO JOSE (Tutorships)
PEREIRO ROZAS, ARTURO JOSE (Tutorships)
Court
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Chairman)
ESMORIS ARRANZ, FRANCISCO JOSE (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Member)
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Chairman)
ESMORIS ARRANZ, FRANCISCO JOSE (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Member)
Assessment of Sexual Consent in Consensual and Non-Consensual Relationships among University Students: A Systematic Review
Authorship
N.R.C.
Psychology
N.R.C.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 12:00
07.15.2025 12:00
Summary
Sexual consent, understood as the free and voluntary expression of the desire to engage in sexual activity, is a complex process influenced by relational and contextual factors. In the university setting, where vulnerability and sexual exploration often converge, its understanding and measurement remain ambiguous. This paper examines how sexual consent has been conceptualized and assessed in both wanted and unwanted sexual experiences. The aim of this study is to analyze how consent is measured among university populations, addressing both consensual and non-consensual sexual encounters. Through a systematic review of 35 studies published between 2020 and 2025, various methodologies, definitions, and instruments used to assess this complex and multidimensional construct were explored. The findings reveal considerable methodological heterogeneity and a lack of standardized instruments. Many studies do not explicitly define consent, and its communication ranges from verbal to non-verbal cues, including implicit signals. Factors such as alcohol use, social pressure, gender, and previous relationships significantly influence how consent is expressed. Furthermore, the coexistence of consent without desire (sexual compliance) was noted, which challenges the validity of understanding consent solely as affirmative agreement. The conclusion highlights the urgent need for clearer definitions and more sensitive measurement tools that can capture the complexity of consent in university contexts. This would support the development of more ethical, inclusive, and realistic educational interventions.
Sexual consent, understood as the free and voluntary expression of the desire to engage in sexual activity, is a complex process influenced by relational and contextual factors. In the university setting, where vulnerability and sexual exploration often converge, its understanding and measurement remain ambiguous. This paper examines how sexual consent has been conceptualized and assessed in both wanted and unwanted sexual experiences. The aim of this study is to analyze how consent is measured among university populations, addressing both consensual and non-consensual sexual encounters. Through a systematic review of 35 studies published between 2020 and 2025, various methodologies, definitions, and instruments used to assess this complex and multidimensional construct were explored. The findings reveal considerable methodological heterogeneity and a lack of standardized instruments. Many studies do not explicitly define consent, and its communication ranges from verbal to non-verbal cues, including implicit signals. Factors such as alcohol use, social pressure, gender, and previous relationships significantly influence how consent is expressed. Furthermore, the coexistence of consent without desire (sexual compliance) was noted, which challenges the validity of understanding consent solely as affirmative agreement. The conclusion highlights the urgent need for clearer definitions and more sensitive measurement tools that can capture the complexity of consent in university contexts. This would support the development of more ethical, inclusive, and realistic educational interventions.
Direction
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Tutorships)
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Tutorships)
Court
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Student’s tutor)
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Student’s tutor)
Biases in the emotional processing of faces in depression: a review of studies with evoked potentials
Authorship
N.R.G.
Psychology
N.R.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 11:30
07.14.2025 11:30
Summary
Major depression (MD) is a mood disorder characterized by a persistently low mood and a loss of pleasure or interest in previously enjoyable activities, lasting for a minimum of two weeks, every day or almost every day. In individuals with MD, a bias toward emotionally negative content may play a significant role, both in increasing initial vulnerability to the disorder and in elevating the risk of recurrence. Thus, the main objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of studies that have investigated potential biases in the early and late processing of faces with different emotional expressions in samples of individuals with major depression (MD), using the event-related potential (ERP) technique. The findings from the reviewed studies suggest that individuals diagnosed with MD do indeed exhibit this negativity bias. These individuals allocate more attentional resources to, and perceive more accurately, stimuli that are congruent with their mood. Furthermore, psychophysiological results show that this bias modulates ERP components that reflect both early (P1, P2, N170) and late stages of processing (P3, LPP, or N250).
Major depression (MD) is a mood disorder characterized by a persistently low mood and a loss of pleasure or interest in previously enjoyable activities, lasting for a minimum of two weeks, every day or almost every day. In individuals with MD, a bias toward emotionally negative content may play a significant role, both in increasing initial vulnerability to the disorder and in elevating the risk of recurrence. Thus, the main objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of studies that have investigated potential biases in the early and late processing of faces with different emotional expressions in samples of individuals with major depression (MD), using the event-related potential (ERP) technique. The findings from the reviewed studies suggest that individuals diagnosed with MD do indeed exhibit this negativity bias. These individuals allocate more attentional resources to, and perceive more accurately, stimuli that are congruent with their mood. Furthermore, psychophysiological results show that this bias modulates ERP components that reflect both early (P1, P2, N170) and late stages of processing (P3, LPP, or N250).
Direction
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Tutorships)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Tutorships)
Court
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Student’s tutor)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Student’s tutor)
Lexical Descriptors of Personality in Galician.
Authorship
E.R.G.
Psychology
E.R.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:30
07.16.2025 10:30
Summary
This final degree project aims to explore lexical descriptors of personality in Galician based on spontaneous contributions from its speakers, using an emic approach, in which the speakers themselves provide the terms according to their own linguistic context. The Big Five Personality Model is the theoretical framework of reference, proposing five fundamental dimensions: extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience (cf. Goldberg, 1981). Galician speakers' most frequently evoked adjectives to describe personality traits were identified, and their affective load and psychological categorization were analyzed. A free evocation methodology was used, and the data were analyzed with the JASP program. To obtain additional information on valence and arousal, the emoFinder database was used, and to consult the frequency of terms in written language use, the Tesouro Informatizado da Lingua Galega (TILG) corpus was consulted. The results show a prevalence of terms with positive valence, coinciding with previous studies in other Romance languages. The classification according to the Big Five model reveals a greater representation of the dimensions of extraversion and agreeableness. This research represents a first empirical approach to the lexicon of personality in the Galician language. It highlights the need to develop specific resources adapted to the linguistic reality of the language.
This final degree project aims to explore lexical descriptors of personality in Galician based on spontaneous contributions from its speakers, using an emic approach, in which the speakers themselves provide the terms according to their own linguistic context. The Big Five Personality Model is the theoretical framework of reference, proposing five fundamental dimensions: extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience (cf. Goldberg, 1981). Galician speakers' most frequently evoked adjectives to describe personality traits were identified, and their affective load and psychological categorization were analyzed. A free evocation methodology was used, and the data were analyzed with the JASP program. To obtain additional information on valence and arousal, the emoFinder database was used, and to consult the frequency of terms in written language use, the Tesouro Informatizado da Lingua Galega (TILG) corpus was consulted. The results show a prevalence of terms with positive valence, coinciding with previous studies in other Romance languages. The classification according to the Big Five model reveals a greater representation of the dimensions of extraversion and agreeableness. This research represents a first empirical approach to the lexicon of personality in the Galician language. It highlights the need to develop specific resources adapted to the linguistic reality of the language.
Direction
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Tutorships)
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Tutorships)
Court
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Student’s tutor)
FRAGA CAROU, ISABEL (Student’s tutor)
Psychosocial Risk and Protective Factors for Heavy Alcohol Consumption in Young People
Authorship
A.R.J.
Psychology
A.R.J.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:30
07.16.2025 10:30
Summary
Alcohol use among adolescents and youth, with a prevalence of 62,7% who have consumed it the last month, constitutes a practice shaped by diverse variables that can act as both risk and protective factors. This study aims to review and analyze the main psychosocial factors influencing alcohol consumption patterns in this population, with particular emphasis on how these dimensions affect both the initation and maintenance of use. Furthermore, considering the complex relationship between psychosocial factors and alcohol use, and the way these dynamics manifest differently depending on variables such as age and sex, a literature review was conducted to examine the role of family environment, social influences, cognitive styles, and emotional and personality traits in shaping adolescent drinking behavior. Likewise, protective factors like adaptive coping styles, family support, or self-esteem are also analyzed, as they may reduce or moderate the likelihood of alcohol use in this age group. To achieve this, a systematic search was carried out using the Web of Science, PsycINFO and PubMed databases, rescricting the selection to articles published between 2020 and the present. Finally, a total of 17 articles meeting the established eligibility and methodoligical quality criteria were included in the review.
Alcohol use among adolescents and youth, with a prevalence of 62,7% who have consumed it the last month, constitutes a practice shaped by diverse variables that can act as both risk and protective factors. This study aims to review and analyze the main psychosocial factors influencing alcohol consumption patterns in this population, with particular emphasis on how these dimensions affect both the initation and maintenance of use. Furthermore, considering the complex relationship between psychosocial factors and alcohol use, and the way these dynamics manifest differently depending on variables such as age and sex, a literature review was conducted to examine the role of family environment, social influences, cognitive styles, and emotional and personality traits in shaping adolescent drinking behavior. Likewise, protective factors like adaptive coping styles, family support, or self-esteem are also analyzed, as they may reduce or moderate the likelihood of alcohol use in this age group. To achieve this, a systematic search was carried out using the Web of Science, PsycINFO and PubMed databases, rescricting the selection to articles published between 2020 and the present. Finally, a total of 17 articles meeting the established eligibility and methodoligical quality criteria were included in the review.
Direction
Cadaveira Mahía, Fernando (Tutorships)
Cadaveira Mahía, Fernando (Tutorships)
Court
VAZQUEZ GONZALEZ, FERNANDO LINO (Chairman)
CID FERNANDEZ, SUSANA (Secretary)
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Member)
VAZQUEZ GONZALEZ, FERNANDO LINO (Chairman)
CID FERNANDEZ, SUSANA (Secretary)
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Member)
This is Not a Game: Effects of Gamification on Job Performance
Authorship
A.G.R.G.
Psychology
A.G.R.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:30
07.16.2025 10:30
Summary
In the last decade, technology advancements have given way to the rise of a new discipline: Gamification, the use of game design elements in non-game contexts, mainly with the purpose of promoting motivation. Its implementation in educational, formative and even fitness contexts has gained a substantial amount of popularity and academic attention, which have favoured their development. Workplace related applications of gamification haven’t been investigated with the same depth, and consequently, the specific effects of a gamified redesign of job-related tasks remain unkown. This TFG tries to uncover these effects by conducting a systematic revision of the available literature on the subject, aiming specifically at the effects that gamified interventions on the workplace have on the performance of the employees. Performance-associated variables, with empirical and theoretical backing, are also considered, such as engagement, job satisfaction or motivation. Upon synthetizing 22 empirical investigations in which job design had been gamified, overall positive effects on performance and engagement were found. Nonetheless, the results are found to be interdependent and inseparable of the external and contextual variables that surround a gamified intervention. Positive results promote discussion on the implications they have for the future of the field, just as much as negative results promote discussion on their possible explanations and solutions, with those mainly being attributed to intrinsic job characteristics.
In the last decade, technology advancements have given way to the rise of a new discipline: Gamification, the use of game design elements in non-game contexts, mainly with the purpose of promoting motivation. Its implementation in educational, formative and even fitness contexts has gained a substantial amount of popularity and academic attention, which have favoured their development. Workplace related applications of gamification haven’t been investigated with the same depth, and consequently, the specific effects of a gamified redesign of job-related tasks remain unkown. This TFG tries to uncover these effects by conducting a systematic revision of the available literature on the subject, aiming specifically at the effects that gamified interventions on the workplace have on the performance of the employees. Performance-associated variables, with empirical and theoretical backing, are also considered, such as engagement, job satisfaction or motivation. Upon synthetizing 22 empirical investigations in which job design had been gamified, overall positive effects on performance and engagement were found. Nonetheless, the results are found to be interdependent and inseparable of the external and contextual variables that surround a gamified intervention. Positive results promote discussion on the implications they have for the future of the field, just as much as negative results promote discussion on their possible explanations and solutions, with those mainly being attributed to intrinsic job characteristics.
Direction
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Tutorships)
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Tutorships)
Court
Dono Martín, Marcos (Chairman)
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Secretary)
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Member)
Dono Martín, Marcos (Chairman)
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Secretary)
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Member)
FoMO (Fear of Missing Out) and its relationship with states of psychological distress and psychosocial variables
Authorship
M.R.G.
Psychology
M.R.G.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 12:30
07.14.2025 12:30
Summary
FoMo is a recent phenomenon, linked to the use of social networks and characterized by the fear that a subject experiences of missing something, fear or discomfort that he perceives as the feeling that others are having more rewarding experiences or doing, owning or learn things that the person who feels it cannot. FoMO is linked to the problematic use of social networks (from now on PSU) and has a broad relationship with different types of problemas de saúde mental, such as anxiety and depression, to mental states or cognitive distortions such as boredom, impulsivity or maximization; with perceptions such as self-esteem or with social and relational aspects such as the feeling of belonging to the group, fear of exclusion or anxious attachment. The complexity of studying FoMO has to do with a predisposition of some people to suffer from it, but also with environmental situations, stages of life, social and cultural elements. In this paper, a series of studies from the Ref Work database are reviewed in which relationships or mediations are established between FoMO and elements specific to or associated with mental health. For this, a series of screenings was carried out from 59 articles on the FoMO. After three screenings, 8 articles were finally selected. Of these eight articles, six of them study FoMo and factors associated with mental health, another is presented as a small monograph where, based on a bibliographic review, the relationship between FoMO and health in the broadest sense, according to the WHO definition, is discussed. Which include psychological, physical and social aspects. The remaining article reports a FoMO therapy experience from a cognitive behavioral perspective and a mindfulness technique component, based on social savoring. The main conclusion that can be intuited from this analysis is that there are clear relationships between FoMO and some mental problems, especially depression and anxiety, but this relationship is always mediated by multiple factors, and in many cases the results are not conclusive because some were not taken into account variables that matter more than expected. It also follows that there is a profile that predisposes to FoMO and that works that take this predisposition into account give results compatible with those expected. Finally, it is clear that the relationship between FoMO and mental health is a subject to be studied. Purchase to carry out more work that includes unstudied elements related to educational, cultural and social aspects and carry out therapeutic treatment experiences with a comprehensive approach.
FoMo is a recent phenomenon, linked to the use of social networks and characterized by the fear that a subject experiences of missing something, fear or discomfort that he perceives as the feeling that others are having more rewarding experiences or doing, owning or learn things that the person who feels it cannot. FoMO is linked to the problematic use of social networks (from now on PSU) and has a broad relationship with different types of problemas de saúde mental, such as anxiety and depression, to mental states or cognitive distortions such as boredom, impulsivity or maximization; with perceptions such as self-esteem or with social and relational aspects such as the feeling of belonging to the group, fear of exclusion or anxious attachment. The complexity of studying FoMO has to do with a predisposition of some people to suffer from it, but also with environmental situations, stages of life, social and cultural elements. In this paper, a series of studies from the Ref Work database are reviewed in which relationships or mediations are established between FoMO and elements specific to or associated with mental health. For this, a series of screenings was carried out from 59 articles on the FoMO. After three screenings, 8 articles were finally selected. Of these eight articles, six of them study FoMo and factors associated with mental health, another is presented as a small monograph where, based on a bibliographic review, the relationship between FoMO and health in the broadest sense, according to the WHO definition, is discussed. Which include psychological, physical and social aspects. The remaining article reports a FoMO therapy experience from a cognitive behavioral perspective and a mindfulness technique component, based on social savoring. The main conclusion that can be intuited from this analysis is that there are clear relationships between FoMO and some mental problems, especially depression and anxiety, but this relationship is always mediated by multiple factors, and in many cases the results are not conclusive because some were not taken into account variables that matter more than expected. It also follows that there is a profile that predisposes to FoMO and that works that take this predisposition into account give results compatible with those expected. Finally, it is clear that the relationship between FoMO and mental health is a subject to be studied. Purchase to carry out more work that includes unstudied elements related to educational, cultural and social aspects and carry out therapeutic treatment experiences with a comprehensive approach.
Direction
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Tutorships)
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Tutorships)
Court
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Student’s tutor)
RODRIGUEZ CASAL, MAURO LUCIO (Student’s tutor)
Impact of non-environmental influencers on promoting pro-environmental behaviors in galician youth.
Authorship
C.S.R.P.
Psychology
C.S.R.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 11:00
07.16.2025 11:00
Summary
Climate change and the current environmental crisis demand the promotion of more sustainable consumption habits, such as reducing the utilization of single-use plastics. In this context, social media platforms are a key tool to encourage pro-environmental behaviors, especially among younger populations. This study analyzes the effect of different communicative strategies in Instagram posts published by non-environmental influencers. The aim is to assess whether perceived authenticity and expert opinion, as well as the presence of dynamic social norms, influence message credibility, persuasiveness, and the intention to engage in pro-environmental behaviour. To this end, an online experiment with a 2x2 between-subjects design was conducted, involving 272 young people from Galicia (Spain). Each participant viewed a single fictitious post that combined the experimental conditions and then completed a questionnaire assessing the dependent variables. Results showed no significant effects of authenticity or expert opinion alone. However, the presence of dynamic norms increased the intention to adopt sustainable behaviors, particularly when combined with authenticity. This study offers relevant insights for the design of effective environmental messages through non-specialized influencers and contributes to the broader goal of engaging citizens in sustainable consumption changes to reduce the environmental impact of plastic in the current climate emergency context.
Climate change and the current environmental crisis demand the promotion of more sustainable consumption habits, such as reducing the utilization of single-use plastics. In this context, social media platforms are a key tool to encourage pro-environmental behaviors, especially among younger populations. This study analyzes the effect of different communicative strategies in Instagram posts published by non-environmental influencers. The aim is to assess whether perceived authenticity and expert opinion, as well as the presence of dynamic social norms, influence message credibility, persuasiveness, and the intention to engage in pro-environmental behaviour. To this end, an online experiment with a 2x2 between-subjects design was conducted, involving 272 young people from Galicia (Spain). Each participant viewed a single fictitious post that combined the experimental conditions and then completed a questionnaire assessing the dependent variables. Results showed no significant effects of authenticity or expert opinion alone. However, the presence of dynamic norms increased the intention to adopt sustainable behaviors, particularly when combined with authenticity. This study offers relevant insights for the design of effective environmental messages through non-specialized influencers and contributes to the broader goal of engaging citizens in sustainable consumption changes to reduce the environmental impact of plastic in the current climate emergency context.
Direction
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Tutorships)
VILA TOJO, SERGIO (Co-tutorships)
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Tutorships)
VILA TOJO, SERGIO (Co-tutorships)
Court
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Student’s tutor)
VILA TOJO, SERGIO (Student’s tutor)
Gómez Roman, Cristina (Student’s tutor)
VILA TOJO, SERGIO (Student’s tutor)
Evoked potentials in motor imagery
Authorship
U.S.P.
Psychology
U.S.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 09:30
07.16.2025 09:30
Summary
Introduction: motor imagery (MI), the mental representation of a movement without physical action, is a tool of great interest in recent decades due to its application and good results in important areas such as sport and clinical practice. To better understand the process and its brain correlates, among the most widely used techniques is encephalography (EEG), especially, due to its advantages, through the analysis of evoked potentials (ERP), variations in EEG voltage due to sensory, motor or cognitive processes. Objective: to analyse, through a review of studies using evoked potentials, the main brain correlates linked to motor imagination, to identify the variables that mediate brain activity, and to be able to assess the possibilities of applying this process. Method: systematic search in the databases Web of Science, Scopus and manual search, following the recommendations of the PRISMA model, by implementing inclusion and exclusion criteria to obtain the most accurate search possible. Results: The 12 papers show the appearance of ERP components such as N1, P1, N2, P3 or LRP, and that in several of them no differences in amplitude and/or latency of the manifest and imagined movement execution conditions are observed. Conclusions: it is confirmed that motor imagery is an efficient resource to generate brain activity by itself and has promising utility in various fields such as sports, clinical practice or certain technologies, such as Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI).
Introduction: motor imagery (MI), the mental representation of a movement without physical action, is a tool of great interest in recent decades due to its application and good results in important areas such as sport and clinical practice. To better understand the process and its brain correlates, among the most widely used techniques is encephalography (EEG), especially, due to its advantages, through the analysis of evoked potentials (ERP), variations in EEG voltage due to sensory, motor or cognitive processes. Objective: to analyse, through a review of studies using evoked potentials, the main brain correlates linked to motor imagination, to identify the variables that mediate brain activity, and to be able to assess the possibilities of applying this process. Method: systematic search in the databases Web of Science, Scopus and manual search, following the recommendations of the PRISMA model, by implementing inclusion and exclusion criteria to obtain the most accurate search possible. Results: The 12 papers show the appearance of ERP components such as N1, P1, N2, P3 or LRP, and that in several of them no differences in amplitude and/or latency of the manifest and imagined movement execution conditions are observed. Conclusions: it is confirmed that motor imagery is an efficient resource to generate brain activity by itself and has promising utility in various fields such as sports, clinical practice or certain technologies, such as Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI).
Direction
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Tutorships)
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Tutorships)
Court
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Student’s tutor)
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Student’s tutor)
Relationship between Self-Esteem and Disordered Eating Symptoms in Adolescent Population, A Literature Review
Authorship
F.S.F.
Psychology
F.S.F.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:30
07.16.2025 10:30
Summary
This study aims to analyze the relationship between self-esteem and disordered eating symptoms in adolescents, based on a systematic review of recent studies. To this end, twelve investigations published between 2020 and 2024 were selected, all of which assess this association in adolescent populations. The reviewed studies consistently report a negative association between self-esteem and disordered eating symptoms - that is, the lower the self-esteem, the more frequent the presence of maladaptive eating behaviors. This relationship becomes particularly evident when body-related self-esteem is examined, as it shows a stronger connection to these symptoms than global self-esteem. Additionally, other factors are identified as influencing this association, such as dissatisfaction with one’s own body, difficulties in emotion regulation, and social pressure, including the impact of social media use. Overall, the reviewed literature contributes to a better understanding of the role that self-esteem plays in the development and persistence of disordered eating in adolescence, while also highlighting the need for further research from a broader perspective and with methodologies that allow the evolution of this relationship to be explored over time.
This study aims to analyze the relationship between self-esteem and disordered eating symptoms in adolescents, based on a systematic review of recent studies. To this end, twelve investigations published between 2020 and 2024 were selected, all of which assess this association in adolescent populations. The reviewed studies consistently report a negative association between self-esteem and disordered eating symptoms - that is, the lower the self-esteem, the more frequent the presence of maladaptive eating behaviors. This relationship becomes particularly evident when body-related self-esteem is examined, as it shows a stronger connection to these symptoms than global self-esteem. Additionally, other factors are identified as influencing this association, such as dissatisfaction with one’s own body, difficulties in emotion regulation, and social pressure, including the impact of social media use. Overall, the reviewed literature contributes to a better understanding of the role that self-esteem plays in the development and persistence of disordered eating in adolescence, while also highlighting the need for further research from a broader perspective and with methodologies that allow the evolution of this relationship to be explored over time.
Direction
MARTINEZ VISPO, CARMELA (Tutorships)
MARTINEZ VISPO, CARMELA (Tutorships)
Court
VAZQUEZ GONZALEZ, FERNANDO LINO (Chairman)
CID FERNANDEZ, SUSANA (Secretary)
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Member)
VAZQUEZ GONZALEZ, FERNANDO LINO (Chairman)
CID FERNANDEZ, SUSANA (Secretary)
GALDO ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO (Member)
Heuristics and Biases in Human Inference: The Illusion of Control
Authorship
A.S.R.
Psychology
A.S.R.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
The illusion of control is a cognitive bias that leads individuals to overestimate their ability to influence random outcomes. This distortion has been related to irrational decision making in contexts of uncertainty and ambiguity, especially in the field of gambling. The present work aims to review empirical evidence on the effect of the illusion of control on risky behaviors, with special attention to its manifestation in games of chance. To this end, a systematic review of 10 studies was conducted, identified through searches in specialized databases (Web of Science, Scopus, PsycInfo, and PubMed), selecting those that met the eligibility criteria. The results were organized into three thematic blocks: (1) factors that modulate the emergence of the bias, (2) differences between player profiles, and (3) explanatory models of the phenomenon. Among the main findings, a risk continuum was identified, ranging from non-problematic to pathological gamblers, including new gaming contexts such as digital environments. Additionally, the review highlights factors that amplify or mitigate the bias and notes the absence of research on whether metacognitive awareness of the bias could reduce its impact. Finally, it is concluded that the illusion of control is a relevant mechanism in gaming behavior, and that future research should explore its identification and attenuation.
The illusion of control is a cognitive bias that leads individuals to overestimate their ability to influence random outcomes. This distortion has been related to irrational decision making in contexts of uncertainty and ambiguity, especially in the field of gambling. The present work aims to review empirical evidence on the effect of the illusion of control on risky behaviors, with special attention to its manifestation in games of chance. To this end, a systematic review of 10 studies was conducted, identified through searches in specialized databases (Web of Science, Scopus, PsycInfo, and PubMed), selecting those that met the eligibility criteria. The results were organized into three thematic blocks: (1) factors that modulate the emergence of the bias, (2) differences between player profiles, and (3) explanatory models of the phenomenon. Among the main findings, a risk continuum was identified, ranging from non-problematic to pathological gamblers, including new gaming contexts such as digital environments. Additionally, the review highlights factors that amplify or mitigate the bias and notes the absence of research on whether metacognitive awareness of the bias could reduce its impact. Finally, it is concluded that the illusion of control is a relevant mechanism in gaming behavior, and that future research should explore its identification and attenuation.
Direction
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Tutorships)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Tutorships)
Court
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Chairman)
ESMORIS ARRANZ, FRANCISCO JOSE (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Member)
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Chairman)
ESMORIS ARRANZ, FRANCISCO JOSE (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Member)
Diagnosis and manifestations of dyslexia in adults. An analysis of its clinical and diagnostic characteristics
Authorship
H.J.S.L.
Psychology
H.J.S.L.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 11:00
07.14.2025 11:00
Summary
Dyslexia can be defined as a specific learning difficulty that has been extensively studied in child populations, yet its manifestation in adulthood still presents significant gaps in the scientific literature. This paper aims to conduct an exhaustive literature review on dyslexia in adults, exploring its clinical characteristics, neurocognitive implications, diagnosis, and intervention strategies. To fulfill this main objective, a thorough review has been carried out. The results indicate that, despite progress in the development of compensatory strategies, reading difficulties in adults persist and can significantly affect academic, occupational, and emotional domains. The analysis addresses persistent challenges in reading fluency, spelling, and phonological processing faced by adults with dyslexia, influenced by factors such as the orthographic transparency of the language and educational level.The review also highlights the heterogeneity of the disorder, which complicates its diagnosis this is closely linked to current limitations in diagnostic tools, along with a scarce supply of intervention programs tailored to the adult population. This reflects an increased need for clinical and scientific attention specifically, the need for personalized interventions that harness brain plasticity and strengthen skills such as working memory.This paper underscores the importance of addressing dyslexia from a multidimensional perspective, taking into account its impact on quality of life and the need to promote inclusive educational and workplace policies that support this population. It also emphasizes the urgency of future research that explores multicultural contexts and technologies to enhance intervention.
Dyslexia can be defined as a specific learning difficulty that has been extensively studied in child populations, yet its manifestation in adulthood still presents significant gaps in the scientific literature. This paper aims to conduct an exhaustive literature review on dyslexia in adults, exploring its clinical characteristics, neurocognitive implications, diagnosis, and intervention strategies. To fulfill this main objective, a thorough review has been carried out. The results indicate that, despite progress in the development of compensatory strategies, reading difficulties in adults persist and can significantly affect academic, occupational, and emotional domains. The analysis addresses persistent challenges in reading fluency, spelling, and phonological processing faced by adults with dyslexia, influenced by factors such as the orthographic transparency of the language and educational level.The review also highlights the heterogeneity of the disorder, which complicates its diagnosis this is closely linked to current limitations in diagnostic tools, along with a scarce supply of intervention programs tailored to the adult population. This reflects an increased need for clinical and scientific attention specifically, the need for personalized interventions that harness brain plasticity and strengthen skills such as working memory.This paper underscores the importance of addressing dyslexia from a multidimensional perspective, taking into account its impact on quality of life and the need to promote inclusive educational and workplace policies that support this population. It also emphasizes the urgency of future research that explores multicultural contexts and technologies to enhance intervention.
Direction
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Tutorships)
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Tutorships)
Court
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Student’s tutor)
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Student’s tutor)
Analysis of sentences for juvenile offenders: child-to-parent violence
Authorship
C.S.P.
Psychology
C.S.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
Child-to-parent violence has been a phenomenon of recent relevance in research, generating much concern especially for the consequences it entails for all the members of the family unit. The aim of this work is to analyse the personal characteristics of the minor, as well as the psychological, socio-familiar and academic risk factors present. In addition, it was also considered relevant to examine both the criminal classification and the measure imposed. For this purpose, 30 cases considered as child-to-parent violence were selected by convenience sampling, obtained from sentences, reports and various documents available in a centre for the reeducation of minors located in A Coruña. The analysis, carried out using descriptive statistics, allows us to observe a clear victimisation of the maternal figure and a high presence of psychological, family and academic factors. It is concluded that filioparental violence is caused and maintained by complex dynamics that require a multidisciplinary intervention with greater relevance in prevention
Child-to-parent violence has been a phenomenon of recent relevance in research, generating much concern especially for the consequences it entails for all the members of the family unit. The aim of this work is to analyse the personal characteristics of the minor, as well as the psychological, socio-familiar and academic risk factors present. In addition, it was also considered relevant to examine both the criminal classification and the measure imposed. For this purpose, 30 cases considered as child-to-parent violence were selected by convenience sampling, obtained from sentences, reports and various documents available in a centre for the reeducation of minors located in A Coruña. The analysis, carried out using descriptive statistics, allows us to observe a clear victimisation of the maternal figure and a high presence of psychological, family and academic factors. It is concluded that filioparental violence is caused and maintained by complex dynamics that require a multidisciplinary intervention with greater relevance in prevention
Direction
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Tutorships)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Tutorships)
Court
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Student’s tutor)
Seijo Martínez, María Dolores (Student’s tutor)
Gender biases in social camouflage
Authorship
T.S.M.
Psychology
T.S.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 12:00
07.16.2025 12:00
Summary
The present work analyzes the phenomenon of social camouflage in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), focusing on gender differences. Based on a bibliographic review of recent literature, in which various quantitative studies are compiled, the different factors involved in the underdetection of the disorder in the female gender were analyzed, focusing on social camouflage as a possible factor in this issue. The different studies show that women present greater social camouflage than men, thus relating it to late diagnosis or even to not being detected. The use of this strategy appears to be modulated by social and cultural factors, in which a gender bias is observed, leading women to learn and use this strategy more frequently. Likewise, differences at the neuroanatomical level were observed, especially in those areas linked to social cognition. These results reinforce the need to incorporate a gender perspective in diagnostic evaluation, in order to avoid underdiagnosis and its repercussions on women's mental health.
The present work analyzes the phenomenon of social camouflage in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), focusing on gender differences. Based on a bibliographic review of recent literature, in which various quantitative studies are compiled, the different factors involved in the underdetection of the disorder in the female gender were analyzed, focusing on social camouflage as a possible factor in this issue. The different studies show that women present greater social camouflage than men, thus relating it to late diagnosis or even to not being detected. The use of this strategy appears to be modulated by social and cultural factors, in which a gender bias is observed, leading women to learn and use this strategy more frequently. Likewise, differences at the neuroanatomical level were observed, especially in those areas linked to social cognition. These results reinforce the need to incorporate a gender perspective in diagnostic evaluation, in order to avoid underdiagnosis and its repercussions on women's mental health.
Direction
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Tutorships)
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Tutorships)
Court
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Student’s tutor)
Lojo Seoane, Cristina (Student’s tutor)
Effectiveness of new technologies in educational intervention for students with Dyslexia.
Authorship
U.S.M.
Psychology
U.S.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 11:30
07.14.2025 11:30
Summary
This paper studies the impact in Spain of the use of new technologies in the teaching-learning process of children with Dyslexia, for which a scope review in the field of psychology has been carried out. Dyslexia is one of the most prevalent learning disorders in the school population, with an estimated incidence of around 10% in Spain. Its repercussions in the academic environment are significant, mainly affecting reading, writing and, consequently, the overall performance of students. In this context, new technologies offer a promising potential to support educational intervention, allowing personalized adaptations, greater accessibility and an improvement in the motivation and self-esteem of students with Dyslexia. In this regard, the results obtained in this work show a favorable effect on the development of reading and writing skills after the use of various technological tools, mainly video games such as DytectiveU, which allow a more playful and interactive learning. Due to this, the need to design technological tools that support the educational intervention of students with Dyslexia in order to promote the full development of their abilities is highlighted. Likewise, it concludes by emphasizing the importance of promoting future research to obtain more robust results due to the scarcity of studies in the Spanish context.
This paper studies the impact in Spain of the use of new technologies in the teaching-learning process of children with Dyslexia, for which a scope review in the field of psychology has been carried out. Dyslexia is one of the most prevalent learning disorders in the school population, with an estimated incidence of around 10% in Spain. Its repercussions in the academic environment are significant, mainly affecting reading, writing and, consequently, the overall performance of students. In this context, new technologies offer a promising potential to support educational intervention, allowing personalized adaptations, greater accessibility and an improvement in the motivation and self-esteem of students with Dyslexia. In this regard, the results obtained in this work show a favorable effect on the development of reading and writing skills after the use of various technological tools, mainly video games such as DytectiveU, which allow a more playful and interactive learning. Due to this, the need to design technological tools that support the educational intervention of students with Dyslexia in order to promote the full development of their abilities is highlighted. Likewise, it concludes by emphasizing the importance of promoting future research to obtain more robust results due to the scarcity of studies in the Spanish context.
Direction
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Tutorships)
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Tutorships)
Court
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Student’s tutor)
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Student’s tutor)
Una versión máUnderstanding Gender-Based Violence from the Perspective of Adolescents: A Qualitative Study
Authorship
A.S.Q.
Psychology
A.S.Q.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
Gender-based violence in dating relationships represents a serious and often overlooked issue, encompassing forms of physical, psychological, sexual and digital abuse. The aim of this qualitative research is to explore the discourse of young people regarding this problem in order to understand their perspective. To achieve this, six discussion groups were conducted with a sample of 48 adolescents aged between 15 and 18 years, and the content was subsequently analyzed using ATLAS.ti software. The results showed that both boys and girls identify physical and psychological violence as the most common forms of abuse in romantic relationships, while other manifestations, such as sexual and digital violence, tend to go unrecognized. In addition to identifying warning signs, participants reealed a certain degree of normalization of violence and an understanding of it as a bidirectional phenomenon. The family and the media were perceived as risk environments, in contrast to peers and educational institutions, which were seen as having preventive potencial. However, the effectiveness of educational interventions was questioned due to the limited support provided. Among the proposed prevention measures are emotional education, legal training, psychological intervention, and the development and implementation of practical strategies tailored to their reality.
Gender-based violence in dating relationships represents a serious and often overlooked issue, encompassing forms of physical, psychological, sexual and digital abuse. The aim of this qualitative research is to explore the discourse of young people regarding this problem in order to understand their perspective. To achieve this, six discussion groups were conducted with a sample of 48 adolescents aged between 15 and 18 years, and the content was subsequently analyzed using ATLAS.ti software. The results showed that both boys and girls identify physical and psychological violence as the most common forms of abuse in romantic relationships, while other manifestations, such as sexual and digital violence, tend to go unrecognized. In addition to identifying warning signs, participants reealed a certain degree of normalization of violence and an understanding of it as a bidirectional phenomenon. The family and the media were perceived as risk environments, in contrast to peers and educational institutions, which were seen as having preventive potencial. However, the effectiveness of educational interventions was questioned due to the limited support provided. Among the proposed prevention measures are emotional education, legal training, psychological intervention, and the development and implementation of practical strategies tailored to their reality.
Direction
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Tutorships)
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Tutorships)
Court
IGLESIAS CRIADO, MARIA DEL MAR (Chairman)
Taboada Ares, Eva María (Secretary)
VARELA MALLOU, JESUS (Member)
IGLESIAS CRIADO, MARIA DEL MAR (Chairman)
Taboada Ares, Eva María (Secretary)
VARELA MALLOU, JESUS (Member)
Heuristics and biases in human inference: a systematic review on social media and disinformation
Authorship
D.A.S.P.
Psychology
D.A.S.P.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
Disinformation, fake news, post-truth, infoxication… these are terms that are increasingly resonating in our society. On social media and other digital communication platforms there is an overabundance of information, the veracity of which is uncertain, as neither the sources nor the content follows strict reliability standards. As a result, the responsibility for verifying the information they consume and share online falls on the users. However, their ability to process such a large volume of data is limited. This systematic review analyses experimental evidence on the cognitive mechanisms that lead individuals to believe misinformation on digital media, especially on social media. It also reviews the literature examining users’ credibility criteria and the influence of heuristics and biases on their attitudes and behaviours toward disinformation on these platforms. To that end, a search was conducted in three databases: Scopus, PsycInfo and Dialnet. Results suggest that the excess of online information and the speed at which it spreads encourage the use of fast and automatic thinking, characteristic of System 1, with little or no cognitive reflection, guided by numerous heuristics, which often result in cognitive biases. This highlights the need to strengthen critical thinking based on System 2, slow, deliberate and analytical, as a key strategy to counter misinformation.
Disinformation, fake news, post-truth, infoxication… these are terms that are increasingly resonating in our society. On social media and other digital communication platforms there is an overabundance of information, the veracity of which is uncertain, as neither the sources nor the content follows strict reliability standards. As a result, the responsibility for verifying the information they consume and share online falls on the users. However, their ability to process such a large volume of data is limited. This systematic review analyses experimental evidence on the cognitive mechanisms that lead individuals to believe misinformation on digital media, especially on social media. It also reviews the literature examining users’ credibility criteria and the influence of heuristics and biases on their attitudes and behaviours toward disinformation on these platforms. To that end, a search was conducted in three databases: Scopus, PsycInfo and Dialnet. Results suggest that the excess of online information and the speed at which it spreads encourage the use of fast and automatic thinking, characteristic of System 1, with little or no cognitive reflection, guided by numerous heuristics, which often result in cognitive biases. This highlights the need to strengthen critical thinking based on System 2, slow, deliberate and analytical, as a key strategy to counter misinformation.
Direction
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Tutorships)
MARTIN RAJO, MONTSERRAT (Tutorships)
Court
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Chairman)
ESMORIS ARRANZ, FRANCISCO JOSE (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Member)
Tinajero Vacas, Carolina (Chairman)
ESMORIS ARRANZ, FRANCISCO JOSE (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, MARIA SOLEDAD (Member)
Artificial Intelligence and its impact on the Psychology of Testimony
Authorship
M.T.M.
Psychology
M.T.M.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 09:30
07.15.2025 09:30
Summary
Artificial Intelligence is increasingly impacting modern society and may pose certain disadvantages for the field of testimonial psychology, due to its ability to humanize responses and access vast databases to generate highly coherent narratives. This study aimed to examine the perceived credibility of testimonies from victims of sexual assault that were created using AI and through simulation, presented alongside real testimonies (all randomly distributed), to a sample comprising individuals with training in psychology and members of the general population. The objective was to analyze whether credibility assessments varied according to the participants' level of psychological knowledge. The results indicated no statistically significant differences between both groups in most cases, and overall low accuracy rates in identifying simulated or AI-generated testimonies. These findings highlight the difficulty of detecting false testimonies, even when applying rational reasoning, and raise questions about the reliability of human judgment when facing artificially produced narratives. From both theoretical and applied perspectives, the study underscores the need for further research in this field, with larger samples and improved methodological design, in order to better understand the potential risks and limitations that artificial intelligence may entail in sensitive contexts such as testimonial evaluation.
Artificial Intelligence is increasingly impacting modern society and may pose certain disadvantages for the field of testimonial psychology, due to its ability to humanize responses and access vast databases to generate highly coherent narratives. This study aimed to examine the perceived credibility of testimonies from victims of sexual assault that were created using AI and through simulation, presented alongside real testimonies (all randomly distributed), to a sample comprising individuals with training in psychology and members of the general population. The objective was to analyze whether credibility assessments varied according to the participants' level of psychological knowledge. The results indicated no statistically significant differences between both groups in most cases, and overall low accuracy rates in identifying simulated or AI-generated testimonies. These findings highlight the difficulty of detecting false testimonies, even when applying rational reasoning, and raise questions about the reliability of human judgment when facing artificially produced narratives. From both theoretical and applied perspectives, the study underscores the need for further research in this field, with larger samples and improved methodological design, in order to better understand the potential risks and limitations that artificial intelligence may entail in sensitive contexts such as testimonial evaluation.
Direction
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Tutorships)
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Tutorships)
Court
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Coordinator)
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Student’s tutor)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Coordinator)
VILARIÑO VAZQUEZ, MANUEL (Student’s tutor)
Study of the Faciliting Psychological Factors in Collective Action Against the Housing Business in Spain. Analysis based on the AICAM model
Authorship
C.T.C.
Psychology
C.T.C.
Psychology
Defense date
07.15.2025 10:30
07.15.2025 10:30
Summary
The present research stems from an interest in understanding and delving into the psychosocial factors that drive participation in collective actions in response to the growing commodification of housing in Spain. Based on the SIMCA model (van Zomeren et al., 2008) and its extension in the AICAM model (Sabucedo et al., 2018), variables such as politicized collective identity, perceptions of efficacy and injustice, political ideology, and moral obligation are analyzed, integrated with sociodemographic factors. Four hypotheses were proposed (H1) younger people are more predisposed to collective action. The perception of efficacy has limited predictive power (H2), whereas politicized collective identity and perception of injustice are relevant psychosocial factors (H3) and moral obligation is the most robust predictor (H4). Based on a sample (113 participants), correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were applied. The results confirm the first and fourth hypotheses (H1, H4), meaning that young people, and especially moral obligation, significantly predict the intention to participate. Identity also emerges as a key factor (H3), while perceptions of efficacy and injustice show less relevance than expected (H2). Likewise, political ideology (left-wing progressive) emerges as a relevant explanatory element. These findings reinforce the utility of the AICAM model and open new avenues for research on social mobilization amid the current housing crisis.
The present research stems from an interest in understanding and delving into the psychosocial factors that drive participation in collective actions in response to the growing commodification of housing in Spain. Based on the SIMCA model (van Zomeren et al., 2008) and its extension in the AICAM model (Sabucedo et al., 2018), variables such as politicized collective identity, perceptions of efficacy and injustice, political ideology, and moral obligation are analyzed, integrated with sociodemographic factors. Four hypotheses were proposed (H1) younger people are more predisposed to collective action. The perception of efficacy has limited predictive power (H2), whereas politicized collective identity and perception of injustice are relevant psychosocial factors (H3) and moral obligation is the most robust predictor (H4). Based on a sample (113 participants), correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were applied. The results confirm the first and fourth hypotheses (H1, H4), meaning that young people, and especially moral obligation, significantly predict the intention to participate. Identity also emerges as a key factor (H3), while perceptions of efficacy and injustice show less relevance than expected (H2). Likewise, political ideology (left-wing progressive) emerges as a relevant explanatory element. These findings reinforce the utility of the AICAM model and open new avenues for research on social mobilization amid the current housing crisis.
Direction
Alzate García, Mónica (Tutorships)
FERNANDEZ CORES, TAMARA (Co-tutorships)
Alzate García, Mónica (Tutorships)
FERNANDEZ CORES, TAMARA (Co-tutorships)
Court
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Chairman)
NIETO VIEITES, ANA (Secretary)
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Member)
Álvarez Cruz, Antonio Alfonso (Chairman)
NIETO VIEITES, ANA (Secretary)
Montes Piñeiro, Carlos (Member)
Neural correlates of deception: a literature review of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) studies.
Authorship
N.V.V.
Psychology
N.V.V.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 12:00
07.14.2025 12:00
Summary
In recent years, the study of deception has attracted increasing interest in the field of neuroscience, especially because of its relevance in social, ethical and forensic contexts. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has made it possible to precisely observe the brain regions involved in this complex process. As a central objective, this study focuses on a literature review of empirical investigations that have employed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to identify the neural correlates associated with deception versus truth by performing visual tasks in healthy young adult individuals. For this purpose, a literature review was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases, covering the period from 2010 to 2025. Combinations of terms such as “deception”, “fMRI”, ‘lying’, “cognitive neuroscience” and “interrogation” were used, applying inclusion criteria that required the use of experimental tasks and the participation of individuals free of neurological damage. Six articles were selected that met the established methodological criteria. In addition, tasks with social interaction or economic incentives showed additional activation in regions associated with theory of mind and the reward system. The results confirm that deception activates a flexible brain network that varies according to task type, motivational context and social demands.
In recent years, the study of deception has attracted increasing interest in the field of neuroscience, especially because of its relevance in social, ethical and forensic contexts. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has made it possible to precisely observe the brain regions involved in this complex process. As a central objective, this study focuses on a literature review of empirical investigations that have employed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to identify the neural correlates associated with deception versus truth by performing visual tasks in healthy young adult individuals. For this purpose, a literature review was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases, covering the period from 2010 to 2025. Combinations of terms such as “deception”, “fMRI”, ‘lying’, “cognitive neuroscience” and “interrogation” were used, applying inclusion criteria that required the use of experimental tasks and the participation of individuals free of neurological damage. Six articles were selected that met the established methodological criteria. In addition, tasks with social interaction or economic incentives showed additional activation in regions associated with theory of mind and the reward system. The results confirm that deception activates a flexible brain network that varies according to task type, motivational context and social demands.
Direction
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Tutorships)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Tutorships)
Court
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Student’s tutor)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Student’s tutor)
Undergraduate dissertation
Authorship
L.V.H.
Psychology
L.V.H.
Psychology
Defense date
07.14.2025 10:30
07.14.2025 10:30
Summary
Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is a highly prevalent condition that can become chronic if not properly treated. Exposure therapy is one of the most effective interventions for its treatment, although it presents certain limitations. This paper analyzes the effectiveness, limitations, and current challenges of Exposure Therapy as a treatment for SAD. Through a systematic review of scientific literature published over the past five years, various exposure-based interventions, mostly using Virtual Reality (VR), are examined, along with emerging lines of research focused on modulating variables such as testosterone levels and sleep quality. Findings provide evidence that VR is a promising and effective tool for treating SAD, as it allows for greater control and customization of anxiety-provoking stimuli. Self-guided interventions may also improve accessibility, although their effectiveness may be limited when implemented without any form of supervision. The review also highlights the importance of treatment personalization as a promising path to optimizing therapeutic outcomes.
Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is a highly prevalent condition that can become chronic if not properly treated. Exposure therapy is one of the most effective interventions for its treatment, although it presents certain limitations. This paper analyzes the effectiveness, limitations, and current challenges of Exposure Therapy as a treatment for SAD. Through a systematic review of scientific literature published over the past five years, various exposure-based interventions, mostly using Virtual Reality (VR), are examined, along with emerging lines of research focused on modulating variables such as testosterone levels and sleep quality. Findings provide evidence that VR is a promising and effective tool for treating SAD, as it allows for greater control and customization of anxiety-provoking stimuli. Self-guided interventions may also improve accessibility, although their effectiveness may be limited when implemented without any form of supervision. The review also highlights the importance of treatment personalization as a promising path to optimizing therapeutic outcomes.
Direction
ALCARAZ GARCIA, MIGUEL ANGEL (Tutorships)
ALCARAZ GARCIA, MIGUEL ANGEL (Tutorships)
Court
ALCARAZ GARCIA, MIGUEL ANGEL (Student’s tutor)
ALCARAZ GARCIA, MIGUEL ANGEL (Student’s tutor)
Burnout syndrome in teachers
Authorship
J.V.F.
Psychology
J.V.F.
Psychology
Defense date
07.16.2025 10:30
07.16.2025 10:30
Summary
Burnout is one of the main challenges currently impacting the working population. It is a syndrome characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and a low sense of personal accomplishment. Although their effects are often underestimated, chronic work-related stress and burnout can often cause physical, psychological and emotional consequences that are harmful to workers' health. These negative effects also result in a decline in job performance, impacting the overall functioning of affected organizations. Burnout can occur in a wide range of professions, but it is especially prevalent in the healthcare and education sectors, with the latter being the focus of this study. The objective of this literature review is to analyze the main findings from studies published since 2020 on teacher burnout. More specifically, it examines the relationships between burnout syndrome (and its three dimensions), work-related stress, job satisfaction, and a set of demographic, personal and contextual variables. The data revealed a strong association between the three dimensions of burnout, and between these dimensions and overall burnout with various types of occupational stress and with job satisfaction. The findings also identified multiple statistically significant relationships between burnout and different demographic (gender, years of experience, civil status, etc.), personal (self-efficacy, emotional regulation, trait anxiety, etc.), and contextual (number of students, grade level taught, social relationships, etc.) variables. When looked at together, these results highlight the complexity of burnout syndrome and the impact that these diverse variables have on burnout levels.
Burnout is one of the main challenges currently impacting the working population. It is a syndrome characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and a low sense of personal accomplishment. Although their effects are often underestimated, chronic work-related stress and burnout can often cause physical, psychological and emotional consequences that are harmful to workers' health. These negative effects also result in a decline in job performance, impacting the overall functioning of affected organizations. Burnout can occur in a wide range of professions, but it is especially prevalent in the healthcare and education sectors, with the latter being the focus of this study. The objective of this literature review is to analyze the main findings from studies published since 2020 on teacher burnout. More specifically, it examines the relationships between burnout syndrome (and its three dimensions), work-related stress, job satisfaction, and a set of demographic, personal and contextual variables. The data revealed a strong association between the three dimensions of burnout, and between these dimensions and overall burnout with various types of occupational stress and with job satisfaction. The findings also identified multiple statistically significant relationships between burnout and different demographic (gender, years of experience, civil status, etc.), personal (self-efficacy, emotional regulation, trait anxiety, etc.), and contextual (number of students, grade level taught, social relationships, etc.) variables. When looked at together, these results highlight the complexity of burnout syndrome and the impact that these diverse variables have on burnout levels.
Direction
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Tutorships)
SANTIAGO MARIÑO, MARIA JOSE (Tutorships)
Court
Dono Martín, Marcos (Chairman)
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Secretary)
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Member)
Dono Martín, Marcos (Chairman)
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Secretary)
DIAZ LAGO, MARCOS (Member)