ECTS credits ECTS credits: 6
ECTS Hours Rules/Memories Student's work ECTS: 80 Hours of tutorials: 5 Expository Class: 35 EEES Clinics: 30 Total: 150
Use languages Spanish, Galician
Type: Ordinary Degree Subject RD 1393/2007 - 822/2021
Departments: Anatomy, Animal Production and Clinical Veterinary Science
Areas: Clinical Veterinary Science
Center Faculty of Veterinary Science
Call: First Semester
Teaching: With teaching
Enrolment: Enrollable
- To know the nature, production and properties of X-rays. To know the risks associated with the use of ionizing radiation and the protection standards.
- To achieve knowledge and skills necessary to perform radiodiagnosis in veterinary medicine.
- To provide the students with the theoretical and practical knowledge needed to use ultrasonography in veterinary practice.
- To know the principles of advanced diagnostic imaging techniques (Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Scintigraphy).
- To know the application of ionizing radiation for treatments in veterinary medicine (Radiotherapy, Nuclear Medicine).
- To know diagnostic imaging protocols and the usefulness of combining different diagnostic imaging techniques.
A.- LECTURES
PART I: RADIOLOGY.
SECTION 1: PHYSICAL PRINCIPLES, EQUIPMENT, GENERAL TECHNIQUES. RADIOPROTECTION. - 4 hours -
- IONIZING RADIATION. Nature, Production and properties of ionizing radiation.
- FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT. X-ray room. Dark room. X-ray equipment and materials.
- OBTAINING AND INTERPRETATION OF THE RADIOLOGICAL IMAGE. Exposure factors. Radiographic quality. Film processing. Contrast media.
- RADIOBIOLOGY AND RADIATION PROTECTION. Biological effects of ionizing radiation. Radioprotection. Legislation.
SECTION 2: SMALL ANIMAL THORAX. - 5 hours -
- THORACIC RADIOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES. CHEST WALL AND DIAPHRAGM.
- MEDIASTINUM AND PLEURAL SPACE. Presence of gas, fluid and masses in the mediastinum and pleural space. ESOPHAGUS. Dilatations, foreign bodies and perforations. TRACHEA. Collapses, hypoplasias.
- LUNG. Pulmonary patterns. HEART AND GREAT VESSELS. Congenital and acquired lesions.
SECTION 3: SMALL ANIMAL ABDOMEN. - 5 hours -
- ABDOMINAL CAVITY. Radiographic technique. Radiographic anatomy. GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT. Gastrointestinal transit. Radiographic diagnosis.
- LIVER. SPLEEN. PANCREAS. LYMPH NODES. PERITONEAL CAVITY.
- URINARY AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS. Contrast techniques. Radiographic diagnosis.
SECTION 4: SMALL ANIMAL MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM. - 4 hours -
- APPENDICULAR SKELETON. Radiographic techniques. Bone lesions. Immature skeletal abnormalities. Joint radiology.
- HEAD AND SPINE. Radiographic techniques. Skull, nasal cavity and sinuses. Spine. Contrast techniques.
SECTION 5: LARGE ANIMAL RADIOLOGY. - 2 hour -
- APPENDICULAR SKELETON. Radiographic techniques. Forelimb. Hindlimb. HEAD AND SPINE.
- RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.
PART II: ULTRASONOGRAPHY.
SECTION 1: PHYSICAL PRINCIPLES, EQUIPMENT AND GENERAL TECHNIQUES. - 2 hours -
- Physic principles, equipment and materials used in ultrasonography. Image modes.
- Interpretation and control of the ultrasound image. Common terminology. Artefacts.
- General techniques.
SECTION 2: ABDOMINAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY - 8 hours -.
ABDOMINAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN SMALL ANIMAL. - 7 hours -
- General exploratory protocol.
- LIVER. Exploratory technique. Ultrasound anatomy. Lesions of the liver parenchyma. Gall bladder and bile ducts system. Vascular lesions.
- SPLEEN. Exploratory ultrasound technique. Ultrasound anatomy. Lesions of the spleen.
- GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT. Exploratory technique and patient’s preparation. STOMACH. Normal ultrasound appearance. Lesions of the stomach. SMALL AND LARGE INTESTINES. Normal ultrasound appearance. Lesions.
- PANCREAS. Exploratory technique. Ultrasound anatomy. Lesions of the pancreas.
- URINARY SYSTEM: KIDNEYS AND URETERS. Exploratory technique. Ultrasound anatomy. Lesion. URINARY BLADDER AND URETRA. Exploratory technique. Ultrasound anatomy. Lesions.
- ADRENAL GLANDS. Exploratory technique. Ultrasound anatomy. Lesions.
- MALE GENITAL TRACT: PROSTATE AND TESTES. Exploratory technique. Ultrasound anatomy. Lesions.
- FEMALE GENITAL TRACT: UTERUS AND OVARY. Exploratory technique. Ultrasound anatomy. Lesions. PREGNANCY DIAGNOSIS.
-PERITONEAL CAVITY. Exploratory technique. Lesions.
ABDOMINAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN LARGE ANIMALS. - 1 hour -
ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF THE ABDOMEN. Equipment and ultrasound exploratory technique. Ultrasound anatomy. Lesions.
SECTION 3: MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM ULTRASONOGRAPHY. - 2 hours -
- ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM IN SMALL ANIMALS. Equipment and ultrasound exploratory technique. Ultrasound anatomy. Lesions.
- ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM IN LARGE ANIMALS. Equipment and ultrasound exploratory technique. Ultrasound anatomy. Lesions.
PART III: OTHER PHYSICAL MEANS IN DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING. - 2 hours -
- COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY.
- MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING.
- NUCLEAR MEDICINE.
PART IV: RADIOTHERAPY. - 1 hour -
- RADIOTHERAPY. Physical principles and technical considerations. Equipment. Radiotherapy in small and large animals.
B.- PRACTICAL SESSIONS
- Clinical activity in the Diagnostic Imaging Service of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital Rof Codina (VTH-RC). - 13 hours - (DPI C1G1-18, in the VTH-RC)
- Radiographic image reading (thorax, abdomen and musculoskeletal system). – 12,5 hours - (DPI C1G1-18, in the VTH-RC)
- Ultrasound exploration in dogs (a general exploratory protocol will be performed). - 2,5 hours - (DPI C1G1-18, in the VTH-RC)
- Basic radiographic and ultrasound exploration in horses. - 2 hours - (DPI C1G1-18, in the VTH-RC)
C.- TUTORIALS
Tutorials: 5 hours per student - see Teaching methodology - (DPI T1-5 G1-13)
Basic bibliography
AGUT GIMÉNEZ A. Diagnóstico por imagen en pequeños animales. Multimédica Ediciones Veterinarias. Barcelona. 2014.
BARR F, GASCHEN L. BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Ultrasonography. British Small Animal Veterinary Association. 2011.
BUTLER JA, COLLES ChM, DYSON SJ, KOLD SE, POULOS PW. Clinical Radiology of the Horse, 4ª edition, Wiley Blackwell. 2016.
COULSON A, LEWIS N. An Atlas of Interpretative Radiographic Anatomy of the Dog and Cat. 2th. Edition. Wiley-Blackwell Publishing. Oxford. 2008.
DENNIS R, KIRBERGER RM, BARR F, WRIGLEY RH. Handbook of Small Animal Radiology and Ultrasound. Techniques and Differential Diagnoses. 2th edition. Saunders Elsevier. 2010.
KIDD JA, LU KG, FRACER ML. Atlas of Equine Ultrasonography. Wiley Blackwell. 2014.
MATTOON JS, NYLAND TG. Diagnóstico Ecográfico en Pequeños Animales. 3ª Ed. Multimédica Ediciones Veterinarias. Barcelona. 2016.
PENNINCK D, D'ANJOU MA. Atlas de ecografía en pequeños animales. Segunda edición. Multimédica. Sant Cugat del Vallés. Barcelona. 2017.
SCHEBITZ H, WILKENS H. Atlas of Radiographic Anatomy of the Horse. 4th. Edition. Parey Verlag. 2008.
THRALL DE. Textbook of Veterinary Diagnostic Radiology. 6th Ed. W. B. Saunders Elsevier. Philadelphia. 2013.
Complementary bibliography
BUSHBERG JT, SEIBERT JA, LEIDHOLD EM, BOONE JM. The Essentials Physics of Medical Imaging. 3th. Edition. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. 2011.
DANIEL GB, BERRY CR. Textbook of Veterinary Nuclear Medicine. American College of Veterinary Medicine. 2006.
DYSON SJ, PILSWORTH RC, TWARDOCK AR, MARTINELLI MJ. Equine Scintigraphy. Equine Veterinary Journal Ltd. 2003.
ELLIOTT I, SKERRITT G. Handbook of Small Animal MRI. Wiley Blackwell. 2013.
GAVIN PR, BAGLEY RS. Practical Small Animal MRI. Wiley Blackwell. 2009.
KIRBERGEN RM, McEBOY F. BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Musculoskeletal Imaging. 2th. Edition. British Small Animal Veterinary Association. 2016.
NOVELLAS TORROJA R, DOMÍNGUEZ MIÑO E, ESPADA GERLACH Y, MARTÍNEZ PEREIRA Y, TOBÓN RESTREPO M. Diagnóstico ecográfico en el gato. Editorial Servet. 2016.
O`BRIEN R, BARR FJ. BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Abdominal Imaging. British Small Animal Veterinary Association. 2009.
SCHWARZ T, JOHNSON V. BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Thoracic Imaging. British Small Animal Veterinary Association. 2008.
SCHWARZ T, SAUNDERS J. Veterinary Computed Tomography. Wiley-Blackwell Publishing. Oxford. 2011.
WISNER E, ZWINGENBERGER A. Atlas of Small Animal CT and MRI. Wiley Blackwell. 2015.
WEB Pages:
- American College of Veterinary Radiology (http://www.acvr.org/).
- European Association of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging (http://www.eavdi.org/).
- Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1740-8261).
- Equine Veterinary Journal/ EVEducation (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1001/(ISSN)2042-3306).
We recommend the use of both basic and complementary internet resources specified in the Bibliography section, as well as the electronic access bibliography available in the USC Library “reBUSCa” (https://rebusca.usc.gal/inicio). Also, through Pórtico (http://sfx.bugalicia.org/san/az) managed by BUGalicia, you can search for scientific journals and electronic books (with the USC credentials).
General Competences:
GVUSC01. Ability to learn and adapt.
GVUSC02. Capability for analysis and synthesis.
GVUSC03. General knowledge of the working area.
GVUSC04. Planning and work management.
GVUSC05. Capability to put knowledge into practice.
GVUSC06. Capability to work both independently and as part of a team.
GVUSC09. Capability to communicate in different areas.
GVUSC10. Ethical commitment and undertaking of responsibilities.
Disciplinary Specific Competences:
CEDVUSC 07. Knowledge of the changes in the structure and function of the animal organism.
CEDVUSC 08. Knowledge and diagnosis of the various animal diseases, both individual and collective, and its prevention measures with special emphasis on zoonoses and notifiable diseases.
CEDVUSC17. Knowledge of the biological effects of ionizing radiation and radioprotection measures.
Specific Professional Competences:
D1VUSC 04. Diagnose common diseases using complementary protocols and diagnostic techniques.
D1VUSC 17. Perform technical reports specific to veterinary competencies.
D1VUSC 18. Apply knowledge of radiation protection in those diagnostic procedures that require the use of ionizing radiation.
Specific Academic Competences:
CEAVUSC 01. Analyze, synthesize and solve problems and make decisions within the scope of the Veterinary profession.
CEAVUSC 02. Be aware of the ethical responsibilities of the veterinary profession in relation to the society.
CEAVUSC 03. Disclose information obtained during the Veterinary professional practice in a easy oral and written way, with other colleagues, authorities and society in general.
CEAVUSC 04. Search and manage information related to veterinary practice.
CEAVUSC 05. Know and apply the scientific method in professional practice, including evidence-based medicine.
CEAVUSC 06. Knowing how to find professional help and advice.
CEAVUSC 08. Being aware of the need to keep professional skills and knowledge up-to-date through a process of lifelong learning.
Transversal Competences:
CTVUSC 01. Capacity for reasoning and argument.
CTVUSC 02. Ability to obtain adequate, diverse and updated information by various means such as literature and Internet information, and critically analyze it.
CTVUSC 03. Ability to develop and present an organized and understandable text.
CTVUSC 04. Ability to make a clear, concise, and consistent public presentation
CTVUSC 06. Use information in a foreign language.
CTVUSC 07. Ability to solve problems through the Integration and application of knowledge.
A.- LECTURES
Lectures: 35 lectures of 50 minutes, with the systematic use of the Virtual Campus as support teaching (See Lectures in “Contents”, and the official calendar).
B.- PRACTICAL SESSIONS
Practical sessions (See the official calendar), 30 hours per student with the following activities:
- Clinical activity in the Diagnostic Imaging Service of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital Rof Codina. - 13 hours -
In the Diagnostic Imaging Service of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital Rof Codina, the students become familiar with the installation, the equipment and the material necessary for the X-ray, ultrasound and other advanced techniques (CT and MRI) explorations. They learn how to manage patients that come to the Service and also how to relate with the pet's owners. In the radiographic exploration the students apply the protection procedures, perform the positioning, estimate the parameters for exposition and try to interpret the obtained images. Students follow up the daily ultrasound routine in the Diagnostic Imaging Service, and they help to perform CT and MRI.
- Radiographic image reading. - 12,5 hours -
We select some thoracic, abdominal and musculoskeletal x-rays films for the students to learn radiographic anatomy and, in pathological cases, to evaluate the radiographic signs and possible differential diagnoses.
- Ultrasound exploration in dogs. – 2,5 hours -
For the students to acquire skills handling the equipment for the ultrasound exploration, a general dog’s exploratory protocol will be established and will be performed by every student under the supervision of the professor.
- Basic radiographic and ultrasound exploration in horses. – 2 hours -
Under the supervision of the professor the students will participate in a general X-ray and ultrasound exploration in a horse.
TUTORIALS:
Tutorials: 5 hours per student (see the official calendar). During the first session (first day of class) students will be informed about the features and the program of the subject. In the next four sessions, a subject follow-up will be performed, students will solve their doubts and professors will appreciate the evolution of each student through quizzes. Tutoring will be face-to-face in the classroom.
Student assessment will be based on CONTINUOUS EVALUATION and also on a FINAL EXAM. The FINAL GRADE will be based on the continuous evaluation (5/10 points) and the final exam (5/10 points).
For the CONTINUOUS EVALUATION (5/10 points), grade based on four short exams, 20 true/false or multiple-choice questions, performed during tutorial sessions (4/5 points, 1 per exam); will be summed to grade due to interactive sessions (1/5 points). In the true/false modality questions made in the tutorials using the tools of the VIRTUAL CLASSROOM, the correct answers add up and the wrong ones deduct the same amount. In multiple-choice questions, which will have one or more correct answers, the sum of all the correct answers will equal the full value of the question, and in the case of not marking them all will add the corresponding percentage; The same will happen with the wrong answers, only in the negative way. The short tests make up a single evaluation, adding the four grades obtained to calculate the final grade.
In the interactive sessions the student’s attitude and skills (integration in the group, degree of participation, work dynamics, preparation of reports…) will be valued.
Completing the four continuous assessment tests and attending all the interactive sessions is mandatory in order to pass this subject. Repeating students or those with exemption from class attendance may voluntarily validate the interactive sessions (practical classes) with those carried out only in the previous year, and it is mandatory that they communicate this in advance at the start of these. The grade obtained in the short evaluation tests carried out in the tutorials (four short tests) is not saved in any case for successive years.
In the FINAL EXAM (5/10 points), which will be carried out using the tools of the VIRTUAL CLASSROOM, will consist of an exam with a test-type part of V/F modality with 20 questions (2 points), and another of interpretation that will consist of 10 images with multiple-choice questions (3 points). In this exam, the assessment criteria for the T/F or multiple-choice questions will be the same as that applied in the short exams for the continuous evaluation.
To pass the subject it will be mandatory to pass each of the parts of the FINAL EXAM, therefore, it will be necessary to obtain 1 or more points in the T/F test and 1.5 or more points in the interpretation of images.
For all those students who have not passed the subject at the first opportunity, the grade obtained in the continuous evaluation will be maintained for the second opportunity, and only the final exam must be repeated, which will have the same characteristics and assessment criteria as the one carried out at the first opportunity.
In case of plagiarism, fraud or improper use of technologies for the realization of the tests, the provisions of the “Normativa de avaliación do rendemento académico dos estudantes e de revisión de cualificacións” will apply.
Student attendance:
70 hours - lectures (35 h), practical sessions (30 h), tutorials (5 h) -
Individual work:
80 hours - personal study (45 h), literature consulting (15 h), clinical cases (15 h), oral presentations (2 h), final exam (3 h) -
Total work: 150 hours
Student should actively participate in lectures, practical sessions and tutorials. It is advisable to regularly consult the recommended texts and related web pages.
A USC virtual resource “Campus virtual” is available to support teaching. Students should make use of this on-line resource “Aula virtual of the subject Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging”, for reading contents and to participate in the forums.
According to USC integration protocols concerning people diversity, professors of this subject will guarantee integration and equal opportunities to all students with special educational needs.
To carry out the CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT TESTS and the FINAL EXAM of the subject, it will be necessary to have a computer or tablet with internet access, which allows you to connect to the VIRTUAL CAMPUS and access the corresponding test in the classroom.
Monica Vila Pastor
- Department
- Anatomy, Animal Production and Clinical Veterinary Science
- Area
- Clinical Veterinary Science
- monica.vila [at] usc.es
- Category
- Professor: LOU (Organic Law for Universities) Associate University Professor
Andres Barreiro Lois
Coordinador/a- Department
- Anatomy, Animal Production and Clinical Veterinary Science
- Area
- Clinical Veterinary Science
- andres.barreiro [at] usc.es
- Category
- Professor: University Lecturer
Jose Daniel Barreiro Vazquez
- Department
- Anatomy, Animal Production and Clinical Veterinary Science
- Area
- Clinical Veterinary Science
- josedaniel.barreiro [at] usc.es
- Category
- Professor: LOU (Organic Law for Universities) Associate University Professor
| Monday | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 11:00-12:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS12 | Spanish | Classroom 3 |
| 11:00-12:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS05 | Spanish, Galician | Classroom 3 |
| 11:00-12:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS10 | Galician | Classroom 3 |
| 11:00-12:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS08 | Galician | Classroom 3 |
| 11:00-12:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS02 | Spanish | Classroom 3 |
| 11:00-12:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS03 | Galician | Classroom 3 |
| 11:00-12:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS07 | Galician, Spanish | Classroom 3 |
| 11:00-12:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS13 | Galician | Classroom 3 |
| 11:00-12:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS06 | Galician | Classroom 3 |
| 11:00-12:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS09 | Spanish | Classroom 3 |
| 11:00-12:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS11 | Galician | Classroom 3 |
| 11:00-12:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS04 | Galician | Classroom 3 |
| 11:00-12:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS01 | Galician | Classroom 3 |
| Wednesday | |||
| 09:00-14:00 | Grupo /CLI_EEES01 | Galician, Spanish | HCVRC - Diagnostic Imaging Service |
| 15:00-17:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Galician, Spanish | Classroom 3 |
| Thursday | |||
| 09:00-14:00 | Grupo /CLI_EEES01 | Spanish, Galician | HCVRC - Diagnostic Imaging Service |
| 01.19.2023 09:00-11:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Classroom 1 |
| 01.19.2023 09:00-11:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Classroom 2 |
| 01.19.2023 09:00-11:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Classroom 3 |
| 07.07.2023 09:00-11:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Classroom 1 |