ECTS credits ECTS credits: 3
ECTS Hours Rules/Memories Student's work ECTS: 51 Hours of tutorials: 3 Expository Class: 9 Interactive Classroom: 12 Total: 75
Use languages Spanish, Galician
Type: Ordinary subject Master’s Degree RD 1393/2007 - 822/2021
Departments: Chemistry Engineering
Areas: Chemical Engineering
Center Higher Technical Engineering School
Call: Second Semester
Teaching: Sin docencia (Extinguida)
Enrolment: No Matriculable | 1st year (Yes)
The aim of the subject is to change the concept, the students of the University Master of Chemical Engineering and Bioprocesses have, about the sewage treatment plants considered as raw materials and energy consuming environmental systems to be seen as sustainable systems (STP of the XXI century) to produce resources, energy, reusable water, value-added products (nutrients, biopolymers,…), which can be produced and utilized in a feasible economical way.
The contents of the subject are those succinctly indicated in the course descriptor:
“Study of the different options to transform the STPs from resources sinks to sources of energy, water and nutrients production. Operational energetic optimization. Energy production and use. Resources recovery: nitrogen, phosphorous, biopolymers. Water reuse. New challenges: emerging pollutants removal and greenhouse gases” as it is indicated in Masters Report.
The subject program is divided in 5 sections which comprise the aspects indicated in the previous descriptor.
The development of the subject is structured in five units. The corresponding hours to Expositive Lectures (E.L.) and Interactive Lectures (I.L.) are indicated.
Unit 1. Change of paradigm: from the sewage treatment plants to resources recovery from the wastewater (2 h E.L. + 2 h I.L.).
STP, associated mass and energy balances. Energy associated to pumping and related equipment. Energy related to the aeration systems. Actions to reduce the energy requirements of conventional plants, energetic optimization. New schemes for resources recovery plants design. New challenges for the conception of the STP of the XXI century (decrease of sludge production, emerging pollutants, greenhouse gases).
Case study: energetic optimization of the operation of a wastewater treatment plant.
Unit 2. Wastewater reuse (2 h E.L. + 2 h I.L.).
The quality of wastewater for reuse purposes. Sanitary aspects of the water reuse. Legislation and normative. Technologies for water reuse: coagulation-flocculation, filtration through granular beds, utilization of microfiltration, ultrafiltration and nanofiltration membranes and reverse osmosis. Water disinfection for reuse purposes. Water reuse in the industry, urban and agricultural use. Aquifers recharge.
Case study: Application of technologies for emerging pollutants removal for reuse purposes.
Unit 3. Strategies for production and energy use optimization (2 h E.L. + 2 h I.L.).
Optimization of the use of the organic matter from the wastewater to produce biogas. Psychrophilic anaerobic digestion. Alternatives for nitrogen removal from the reject water and the main stream of a STP focused on the minimization of the organic matter biological requirements. Nitrite route. Anammox process. Autotrophic denitrification. Greenhouse gases production.
Case study: Applications to the sludge and main stream lines from a STP. Energy implications on the STPs operation (I).
Unit 4. High load advanced biological systems with low biomass production yields (2 h E.L. + 2 h I.L.).
Granular systems. Anaerobic granules formation. Biological processes: anaerobic and anoxic. Design criteria. High load reactors. Parameters affecting the aerobic granules formation. Sequencing systems operation. Biological processes: aerobic, anaerobic and anoxic. Main design parameters. Types of utilized reactors.
Case study: Applications to the sludge and main stream lines from a STP. Energy implications on the STPs operation (II).
Unit 5. Valuable products recovery from wastewater (2 h E.L. + 4 h I.L.).
Bacterial storage compounds. Bioplastics and polyhydroxialkanoates (PHA). Properties and uses of PHA. Storage compounds associated to the biological removal of organic matter or phosphorous. Phostrip process. PHA production in pure and microbial mixed cultures. Operational parameters. Use of the wastewater as substrate for the production of storage compounds as PHA.
Case study: Applications to the sludge and main stream lines from a STP. Energy implications on the STPs operation (III).
Basic bibliography
- METCALF & EDDY INC. Wastewater Engineering. Treatment and resource recovery. 5ª Edición (edición internacional). New York: Editorial Mc-Graw Hill Higher Education, 2014. ISBN: 978-1-259-01079-8 Código ETSE: A213 13
Complementary materials (articles; norms)
- ARROJO, B. MOSQUERA-CORRAL, A., GARRIDO, J.M. and MÉNDEZ, R. Aerobic granulation with industrial wastewater in sequencing batch reactors. Water Research [on line]. 2004, 38, 3389 – 3399 [last check 20th June 2017]. Available in: 10.1016/j.watres.2004.05.002
- ASANO, T. and BAHRI, A. Global challenges to wastewater reclamation and reuse. En: JAN LUNDQVIST (ed.). On the water front. World Water Week. Stockholm: Stockholm International Water Institute-SIWI, 2011, vol. 2, pp. 65-73. ISBN : 978-91-975872-8-0
- BEUN, J.J., HENDRIKS, A., VAN LOOSDRECHT, M.C.M., MORGENROTH, E., WILDERER, P.A. and HEIJNEN, J.J. Aerobic granulation in a sequencing batch reactor, Water Research [on line]. 1999, 33(10), 2283-2290 [last check 20th June 2017]. Available in: 10.1016/S0043-1354(98)00463-1
- BLANCO, A., ORDÓÑEZ, R. e HERMOSILLA, D. 100% Reutilización de agua para fabricar 100% papel recuperado. Infoenviro [on line]. 2009, 91-94 [last check 20th June 2017]. Available in: http://eprints.ucm.es/11887/1/Infoenviro2009Aguas_definitivo.pdf
- CAMPOS, J.L., VÁZQUEZ-PADÍN, J.R., FERNÁNDEZ, I., FAJARDO, C., SECA, I., MOSQUERA-CORRAL, A. y MÉNDEZ, R. Procesos avanzados de eliminación de nitrógeno: nitrificación parcial, Anammox, desnitrificación autótrofa. En: MOSQUERA-CORRAL A. (ed.). Tecnologías Avanzadas para el Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales. 2ª ed. Santiago de Compostela: Editorial Lápices 4, 2013, pp. 127-156. ISBN 13: 978-84-692-5028-0
- GARRIDO, J.M., FDZ-POLANCO, M. and FDZ-POLANCO, F. Working with energy mass balances: a conceptual framework to understand the limits of municipal wastewater treatment. Water Science and Technology [on line]. 2013, 67(10), 2294-2301 [last check 20th June 2017]. Available in: 10.2166/wst.2013.124
- GONZÁLEZ, Y., MEZA, J.C., GONZÁLEZ, O. y CÓRDOVA, J.A. Síntesis y biodegradación de polihidroxialcanoatos: plásticos de origen microbiano. Revista Internacional de Contaminación Ambiental [on line]. 2013, 29(1), 77-115 [last check 20th June 2017]. Available in: http://www.scielo.org.mx/pdf/rica/v29n1/v29n1a7.pdf
- Guía para la aplicación del R.D. 1620/2007 por el que se establece el Régimen Jurídico de la Reutilización de las Aguas Depuradas [on line]. España: Centro de publicaciones del Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino, 2010 [last check 20th June 2017]. Available in: http://www.mapama.gob.es/es/agua/publicaciones/GUIA_RD_1620_2007__tcm7-…
- HERNÁNDEZ, F., MOLINOS, M. y SALA-GARRIDO, R. Eficiencia energética, una medida para reducir los costes de operación en las estaciones depuradoras de agua residuales. Tecnología del Agua, 2011, 326, 46-54. ISSN 0211-8173
- HULSHOFF, L.W., DE CASTRO,S.I., LETTINGA, G. and LENS, P.N.L. Anaerobic sludge granulation. Water Research [on line]. 2004, 38, 1376–1389 [last check 20th June 2017]. Available in: 10.1016/j.watres.2003.12.002
- LEE, W.S., MAY CHUA, A.S., YEOH, H.K. and NGOH, G.C. A review of the production and application of waste-derived VFA. Chemical Engineering Journal [on line]. 2014, 235, 83-99 [last check 20th June 2017]. Available in: 10.1016/j.cej.2013.09.002
- LUO, Y., GUO, W., NGO, H.H., NGHIEM, L.D., HAI, F.I., ZHANG, J., LIANG, S., and WANG, X.C. A review on the occurrence of micropollutants in the aquatic environment and the fate and removal during wastewater treatment. Science of the Total Environment [on line]. 2014, 472-474, 619-641 [last check 20th June 2017]. Available in: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.065
- MELGAREJO, J. Efectos ambientales y económicos de la reutilización del agua en España. Clm. Economía [on line]. 2009, 15, 245-270 [last check 20th June 2017]. Available in: http://www.clmeconomia.jccm.es/pdfclm/melgarejo_clm_15.pdf
- MORALEJO-GÁRATE H., MOSQUERA-CORRAL A., KLEEREBEZEM R., CAMPOS J.L. and VAN LOOSDRECHT M.C.M. Innovative processes for resources recovery from wastewaters: PHA production. En: OMIL PRIETO, F. y SUÁREZ MARTÍNEZ S. (eds.). Innovative technologies for urban wastewater treatment plants. Santiago de Compostela: Editorial Lápices 4, 2012, pp. 261-296. ISBN 978-84-695-3514-1
- MORALES,N., VAL DEL RÍO, A., VÁZQUEZ-PADÍN, J.R., MÉNDEZ R., MOSQUERA-CORRAL, A. and CAMPOS, J.L. Integration of the Anammox process to the rejection water and main stream lines of WWTPs [on line]. Chemosphere, 2015, 140, 99-105 [last check 20th June 2017]. Available in: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.03.058
- MOSQUERA-CORRAL, A., FIGUEROA, M., MORALES, N., VAL, A., CAMPOS, J.L. y MÉNDEZ, R. Tecnologías basadas en biomasa granular aerobia. En: MOSQUERA-CORRAL A. (ed.). Tecnologías Avanzadas para el Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales. 2ª ed. Santiago de Compostela: Editorial Lápices 4, 2013, pp. 47-68. ISBN 13: 978-84-692-5028-0
- PÉREZ-PARRA, J. Depuración y reutilización de aguas residuales para riego. Curso superior de especialización. Mejora de la eficiencia del uso del agua en cultivos protegidos, Cajamar, 447-469 [last check 20th June 2017]. Available in: http://www.publicacionescajamar.es/pdf/series-tematicas/centros-experim…
- REAL DECRETO 1620/2007, de 7 de diciembre, por el que se establece el régimen jurídico de la reutilización de las aguas depuradas. BOE 294, 50639-50661. [last check 20th June 2017]. Available in: https://www.boe.es/buscar/pdf/2007/BOE-A-2007-21092-consolidado.pdf
- REHM, B.H.A. Bacterial polymers: biosynthesis, modifications and applications. Nature Reviews, Microbiology, Advance online publication [on line]. 2010, 1-15 [last check 20th June 2017]. Available in: 10.1038/nrmicro2354
- SHIZAS, I. and BAGLEY, D.M. Experimental determination of energy content of unknown organics in municipal wastewater streams. Journal of Energy Engineering [on line]. 2004, 130(2), 45-53 [last check 20th June 2017]. Available in: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9402(2004)130:2(45)#sthash.IiE3248x.dpuf
- SIEGRIST, H., SALZGEBER, D., EUGSTER, J. and JOSS, A. Anammox brings WWTP closer to energy autarky due to increased biogas production and reduced aeration energy for N-removal. Water Science and Technology [on line]. 2008, 57(3), 383-388 [last check 20th June 2017]. Available in: 10.2166/wst.2008.048
- SIMÓN, P., LARDÍN, C. and ABELLÁN, M. Optimización energética en EDAR de la región de Murcia. Ingeniería Civil [on line]. 2012, 168, 93-112 [last check 20th June 2017]. Available in: http://hispagua.cedex.es/sites/default/files/hispagua_articulo/Ingcivil…
- VAN HAANDEL, A.C. and LETTINGA, G. Anaerobic sewage treatment. A Practical Guide for Regions with a Hot Climate. Chichester, England: John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 1994. ISBN 978-0471951216
In this subject the student will acquire or practice a serial of generic and specific competences, belonging to the engineering in general and specific of the science and technology of water treatment in particular.
General and basic competences:
CB7.- The students know how to apply their acquired knowledge and their solving problems capacity in new or slightly known environments in the frame of wider (or multidisciplinary) contexts related to their area of study.
CB10.- The students possess the learning abilities allowing them to continue studying in a way that will have to be to a large extent auto-directed or autonomous.
CG1.- To have acquired an advanced knowledge and demonstrated, in a frame of scientific and technological research or highly specialized, a detailed and based on comprehension of the theoretical and practical aspects and of the work methodology in one or more of the study fields.
CG3.- To be able to predict and control the evolution of complex situation by means of the development of new and innovative working methodologies adapted to the specific scientific/research, technological or professional sphere, in general multidisciplinary, where their activity is developed.
CG6.- To have the skill of solving those unfamiliar problems, incompletely defined, and having specifications in competence, considering the possible methods of solving them, including the most innovative ones, selecting the most appropriated one, and to be able to correct the implementation procedure, evaluating the different design solutions.
CG8.- To perform the appropriated research, undertake the design and supervise the development of engineering solutions, in new or little-known environments, linking creativity, originality, innovation and technology transfer.
CG15.- To adapt to society structural changes motivated by economic, energy or natural factors or phenomena, to solve the derived problems and to contribute with technological solutions with a high sustainable commitment.
Specific competences:
CE3.- To apply the acquired knowledge and the skill of solving problems in new or little-known environments in the frame of broader contexts (or multidisciplinary) related to the study area of Chemical Engineering.
CE4.- Ability to apply the scientific method and engineering and economy concepts, to formulate and solve complex problems in processes, equipments, facilities and services, where the matter experiences composition, state or energy content changes, characteristics of the chemical industry and of other related sectors such as pharmaceutical, biotechnological, materials, energy, food or environmental.
Cross competences:
CT2.- To adapt to changes, being able to apply new and advanced technologies together with other relevant processes, with initiative and entrepreneurship.
CT4.- Capacity of analysis, critic and synthesis.
The specific tasks evaluating the different competences are indicated in the section assessment system.
Before the commencement of the course, the students will be provided with a docent guide where the detailed planning of the activities to be developed in each session comprising the subject is indicated. The different articles, chapters or books needed for reading previously to the lecture will be listed in this guide.
The Virtual Classroom (Moodle) will be used to make available to the students the documentation related to the activities of the seminars and the practical cases as well as for the student-lecturer communication. The students using the Microsoft Excel tool will carry out a series of practical cases.
Scenario 1 (without restrictions on physical attendance)
Docencia presencial Face-to-face teaching
• Expository classes: The lectures will be given in the form of seminars where the lecturer will emphasize the most relevant aspects about the state of the art, and, where the student’s assimilation of contents will be verified.
• Seminars: They will be used to solve (using Microsoft Excel) the practical cases that arise for each of the topics in which the subject is divided. At least in one of the seminar sessions there will be a talk given by a professional from the business sector and related to the subject matter. This activity will be carried out in collaboration with the Innovative Technologies for Effluent Treatment subject.
• Technical visit: A technical visit will be made to a company related to the subject, whenever possible. This activity will be carried out in collaboration with the Innovative Technologies for Effluent Treatment subject.
• Laboratory practices: One practice of 4 hours of duration will be performed, where the students will apply the contents worked during the lectures to a treatment stage or product recovery from a sewage treatment plant with the aim of optimizing the process, i.e.:
-Monitoring accumulation cycles in a reactor for biopolymers production.
-Characterization of the activity of Anammox biomass as a control parameter of the operation of an autotrophic nitrogen removal reactor.
-Determination of aerobic activities by respirometry.
• Group tutorials: 1 group tutorial will take place to solve specific doubts about the solving of the case studies or the activities in the laboratory classes.
Scenario 2 (partial restrictions on physical attendance)
Face-to-face teaching
• Laboratory practices: These will be face-to-face activities as in scenario 1 although, depending on the capacity allowed in each laboratory, sessions may be scheduled in small groups or, if the case permits, perform some of the synchronous activities by MS Teams.
Telematic teaching
• Expository classes and seminars: They will be non-presential and will be held synchronously by MS Teams. The talk given by the company professional will preferably be non-classroom teaching.
• • Technical visit: It will be replaced by a “virtual visit” either carried out by company personnel or, if this is not possible, by the lecturer.
Scenario 3 (closure of facilities)
Telematic teaching
• Laboratory practices, expository and seminar classes and technical visit: All activities will be remote teaching. The classroom hours corresponding to expository teaching, seminars, group tutorials, laboratory practices, technical visit (it will be a virtual visit) and a talk by the company professional will be non-contact and synchronous (MS Teams). In the case of laboratory practices, these will be replaced by presentations, videos and calculations with data provided by the teacher and the students will prepare a report on the results.
The student’s grade is a weighted average of its performance in the four parts that are evaluated: lecturer’s report on performance in the subject, quality of the performed work, laboratory performance and exam. The work to be performed by the students (in groups of two members) will consist of solving the case studies proposed by the lecturer in each of the units. The importance of each of the items comprising the evaluation is as follows:
Qualification distribution Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario3
1. Tutorials 5% (CG1, CG15) Face-to-face Telematic, synchronous Telematic, synchronous
2. Visit + Talk 5% (CE3, CB7) Face-to-face Telematic, synchronous Telematic, synchronous
3. Teamwork 45% (CG3, CT2, CT4) Face-to-face Telematic, synchronous Telematic, asynchronous
4. Laboratory 15% (CG8, CE3, CE4) Face-to-face Face-to-face Telematic, synchronous
5. Exam 30% (CB7, CB10, CG6, CE3) Face-to-face Telematic, synchronous Telematic, synchronous
To pass the subject the students must obtain at least a minimum of 50% in the exam scores.
The students who have not fulfilled the assignments in the first opportunity will maintain the obtained qualification in each evaluated item and they will have to repeat only the exam in the second opportunity. The exam of the second opportunity will have an identical structure to that in the first opportunity.
No-show students will be those who have not participated in 25% or more of the activities proposed.
“In cases of fraudulent performance of exercises or probes, the provisions of the Regulations for evaluating student academic performance and reviewing grades will apply.”.
Summary of skills and activities evaluation:
Activity..................................................Skills
Tutorial...............................................CG1, CG15
Company Visit+Talk..............................CE3, CB7
Teamwork case studies……… ...........CG3, CT2, CT4
Work in the class...............................CB7, CB10, CG6, CE3, CT4
Trabajo en el laboratorio......................CG8, CE3, CE4
Memoria laboratorio.............................CG8, CE3, CE4
The subject has a workload of 3 ECTS distributed in the way described in the table. The face to face hours indicate the number of hours in the class for the various activities undertaken, the factor indicates the estimate of hours the students have to spend per hour of activity, the personal work is the computation of the factor and face to face hours product, and the total is the total workload involved in each activity.
Distribution of the educational activity in ECTS
Activity......................Face-to-face...Personal work......ECTS
Expositive lectures...........10.0..............10.0...............0.8
Interactive lectures..........12.0..............14.0...............1.04
Computers room..............0.0................0.0................0.0
Laboratory.......................4.0................5.0...............0.36
Tutorials (in groups..........1.0................4.0................0.2
Subtotal.........................27.0..............33.0................2.4
Tutorials (individual).........1.0...............4.0.................0.2
Exam and revision............2.0...............8.0.................0.4
Total.............................30.0...............45.0...............3.0
It is important that the students study previously those texts, documents of articles that are indicated in each section of the docent guide. It is essential to have a medium skill on English Language and excellent command of Excel.
Recommendations for telematic teaching:
• It is necessary to have a computer with a microphone and a camera to carry out telematic activities that will be planned throughout the course.
• Improve information and digital skills with the resources available at USC.
Recommendations for face-to-face teaching:
The mask must be used during the student's stay in the Center. Follow scrupulously all the indications of the health authorities and of the USC itself, for the protection of the health of the Covid-19. Wear a mask, apply a hydrogel or wash your hands with soap and water following the instructions, and when possible increase the distance with the rest of the classmates in the classroom.
Profesorado
Anuska Mosquera Corral
Dpto. Ingeniería Química
Teléfono: 886816779
correo-e: anuska.mosquera [at] usc.es (anuska[dot]mosquera[at]usc[dot]es)
For laboratory practices the student must come with a lab coat and safety glasses. The admission and permanence of the students enrolled in the practical laboratory requires that they know and comply with the standards included in the Protocol of basic training in security matters for experimental spaces of the Higher Technical School of Engineering, available in the security section of their Web.
With regards to security and working risks prevention, for each of the practical equipment the students will have available a basic manual of operation where the most important aspects are indicated.
The online platform Campus Virtual will be used as a tool to facilitate information/announcements on the teaching activity throughout the course, as well as supplementary materials for the study of the course. MS Teams will be also used for the non-face-to-face asynchronous docence.
The subject will be given in Spanish language.
Contingency plan
A) TEACHING METHODOLOGY
Contingency plan for remote teaching activities:
• They will be carried out synchronously and always according to the schedule established by the center, through the Virtual Campus and / or Ms Teams.
• Due to the nature and content of this subject, as well as the methodology used, the main difference between face-to-face teaching and remote teaching is in the case of the technical visit, which will be virtual, and the laboratory practices that will be replaced by presentations/ videos and calculations with data provided by the teacher.
• To carry out tutorials, as well as to maintain direct communication both between the students themselves and between them and the teacher, they can be done through the Virtual Campus forum, through MS TEAMS or by email.
SCENARIO 2 (partial restrictions on physical attendance)
Face-to-face teaching
• Laboratory sessions: They will be face-to-face although depending on the capacity allowed in each laboratory, sessions can be scheduled in small groups or, if the case permits, perform some of the synchronous activities by MS Teams.
Telematic teaching
• Expository classes and seminars: The lecturer will use the tool MS Teams for the expository classes that will take place in the schedule established in the course calendar.
• Group Tutorials, Teamwork, Individualized tutorials: They will take place synchronously by MS Teams.
SCENARIO 3 (closure of facilities)
Telematic teaching in its entirely
• Laboratory practices: They will be held synchronously by MS Teams. They will be replaced by video sessions and / or MS Teams and students will perform calculations with experimental data previously obtained with the same equipment under study.
• Expository classes, Seminars, Group Tutorials, Teamwork and Individualized tutoring: Same as in scenario 2.
B) ASSESSMENT SYSTEM
The evaluation system will be exactly the same regardless of the type of teaching used (face-to-face or virtual), with the only difference that the evaluation activities will be carried out, as established by the competent authorities, either face-to-face in the classroom or remotely through the telematic means available at the USC.
Qualification distribution Scenario 2 Scenario3
1. Tutorial 5% Telematic, synchronous Telematic, synchronous
2. Visit + Talk 5% Telematic, synchronous Telematic, synchronous
3. Teamwork 45% Telematic, synchronous Telematic, asynchronous
4. Laboratory 15% Face-to-face Telematic, synchronous
5. Exam 30% Telematic, synchronous Telematic, synchronous
Anuska Mosquera Corral
Coordinador/a- Department
- Chemistry Engineering
- Area
- Chemical Engineering
- Phone
- 881816779
- anuska.mosquera [at] usc.es
- Category
- Professor: University Lecturer
| Wednesday | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 10:00-12:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Spanish | Classroom A5 |
| 05.25.2021 10:00-14:00 | Grupo /CLIL_01 | PROJECTS |
| 05.25.2021 10:00-14:00 | Grupo /CLIS_01 | PROJECTS |
| 05.25.2021 10:00-14:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | PROJECTS |
| 07.13.2021 16:00-20:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Classroom A8 |
| 07.13.2021 16:00-20:00 | Grupo /CLIL_01 | Classroom A8 |
| 07.13.2021 16:00-20:00 | Grupo /CLIS_01 | Classroom A8 |