ECTS credits ECTS credits: 6
ECTS Hours Rules/Memories Hours of tutorials: 5 Expository Class: 30 Interactive Classroom: 22 Total: 57
Use languages Spanish, Galician
Type: Ordinary Degree Subject RD 1393/2007 - 822/2021
Departments: Applied Physics
Areas: Optics
Center Faculty of Optics and Optometry
Call: Second Semester
Teaching: With teaching
Enrolment: Enrollable | 1st year (Yes)
Determine, from a geometrical point of view, the trajectories of light rays propagating through different mediums.
Handle analytically and graphically imaging in paraxial optical systems.
Understanding the effect of openings in lighting and image quality.
Get to know the design and use of components, systems and optical instrumentation. Initiation in the techniques of collecting, analyzing and interpreting data.
0.-Fundamentals of Mathematics for Geometrical Optics
Fundamentals of Geometry
Fundamentals of mathematical analysis
1 .- INTRODUCTION. FUNDAMENTALS OF GEOMETRICAL OPTICS
Light propagation. Beam concept
Speed of light. Definition of refractive index. Classification of the materials
Electromagnetic spectrum
Chromatic dispersion. Abbe number.
Optical path length. Fermat's principle.
Laws and postulates of Geometric al Optics. Snell's Law.
Limit of validity of Geometrical Optics.
2 .- OPTICAL ELEMENTS WITH PLANE SURFACES
Reflection and refraction at plane surfaces
Stigmatic / no stigmatic System
Paraxial approximation
Total reflection
Plane diopter: parallel plates (flats)
Prisms. Beam deviation. Chromatic dispersion. Refractometry
Thin prisms (ophthalmic)
Combinations of prisms
3.- OPTICAL ELEMENTS WITH SPHERICAL SURFACES
Definitions: Optical system, optical axis, object and image.
Perfect optical system. Stigmatism condition.
Signs convention
The sphere as optical surface
Paraxial optics. Abbe invariant.
Correspondence equation: Focii, focal lengths, focal planes.
Ray tracing
Lagrange-Helmholtz invariant. Magnification.
Spherical mirrors
4 .- THIN LENSES
Lens definition
Thin lens. Conjugation Relations
Focii and focal lenghts
Ray tracing method.
Magnifications.
5. - OPTICAL SYSTEMS I: GENERAL THEORY
Cardinal elements of optical systems
Focii and focal planes.
Points and principal planes. Sign convention
Points and nodal planes .
Ray tracing with principal planes
Conjugation relations. Newton and Gauss equations
Magnifications
Infinite conjugate
6. - OPTICAL SYSTEMS II. ASSOCIATION OF SYSTEMS. EQUIVALENT SYSTEM (SE)
Combination of two systems: Equivalent System
Principal planes and focal lengths.
SE Power: Gullstrand equation
Afocal systems
Thick Lenses. Power and principal planes of the SE.
Focal lenght relative to vertex: Front and back vertex power
Optical center of a thick lens
Contact lens
Thin Lenses
7 .- THE OPTICAL SYSTEM OF THE EYE
Component elements of the visual system
Emmetropia and ametropia
Human eye models
Toric surfaces and cylindrical lenses
Retinal photoreceptor cells
Duality in the retina
Spectral sensitivity of the visual system
8 .- ACTUAL OPTIC SYSTEMS
Limiting rays
Aperture stop. Entrance and exit pupils
Chief ray. Marginal ray
Field stop. Entrance and exit windows
Field of wiew. Vignetting.
Optical aberrations: chromatic aberration and third order monochromatic aberrations
Practical program: Two of the following experiences will be carried out:
- Refractometry
- Determination of thickness of parallel-plane plates
- Determination of thin lens´s focal
- Lens Systems
[Alonso]: Alonso, J., Gómez-Pedrero, J.A., Quiroga, J.A.: Modern Ophthalmic Optics. Cambridge University Press, 2019
[Atchison]: Atchison, David A.: Optics of the human eye. Butterworth Heinemann, Oxford, 2000
[Casas]: J. Casas: Optica. Librería Pons. Zaragoza, 1994
[Escofet]: J. Escofet Soteras, M. S. Millán y García Varela, E. Pérez Cabré, F. Cobo Ruiz: Optica Geométrica. Ejercicios de trazado gráfico de rayos. Ariel Editorial S.A., 2005
[Felipe]: A. Felipe Marcet, C. Albarrán Diego: Manual de Óptica Geométrica: Teoría y Cuestiones. Universitat de Valencia, 1998.
[Fincham]: W.H.A. Fincham, M.H. Freeman: Optics. Butterwords. London, 1990
[Freeman ]: M. H. Freeman: Optic. Butterwords. London, 1990.
[Furlan]: W. Furlan, J. García Monreal, L. Muñoz.Escrivá: Fundamentos de Optometría. Refracción Ocular. Universitat de València (2000).
[Goss]: David A. Goss, Roger W. West: Introduction to the Optics of the eye. Butterworth Heineman, 2002.
[Hecht]: E. Hecht: Óptica. Addison Wesley Iberoamericana, S.A., 2000.
[Hernández99]: C.Hernández, B.Domenech, C.Vazquez, C.Illueca: Óptica Geométrica: Teoria y Cuestiones. U.de Alicante, 1999
[Hernández90]: C. Hernández, C. Illueca, I. Pascual, A. Fimia: Problemas de Optica Geométrica. Universidad de Alicante, 1990
[Jenkins]: F. A. Jenkins and H. E. White: Fundamentals of Optics. McGraw-Hill. New York, 1976
[Lipson]: A. Lipson, S. G. Lipson, H Lipson. Optical Physics. Cambridge University Press, 2011
[López]: M. López Rodríguez, J. L. Díaz Díaz, J. M. Jiménez Moreno: Problemas de Física. Volumen V. Optica. Librería Internacional de Romo S. L.. Madrid, 1980.
[Mateos]: F. Mateos, L. Carretero, A. Fimia, R.M. Fuentes, I. Pascual: Curso de introducción a la Óptica Geométrica. Universidad de Alicante, 1996.
[Mejías96]: P, Mejías Arias, R. Martínez Herrero: 100 problemas de Optica. Alianza Editorial S.A., 1996
[Mejías99]: P, Mejías Arias, R. Martínez Herrero: Optica Geométrica. Edit. Síntesis S. A., 1999
[Millán 97]: M.S. Millán García-Varela, J. Escofet Soteras, M. Lupón Bas: Óptica Geométrica: Problemas. Ediciones UPC, Barcelona, 1997.
[Millán 04]: M.S. Millán, J. Escofet, E. Pérez: Óptica Geométrica. Ariel Ciencia, 2004
[Pascual]: Pascual Villalobos, Hernández Poveda, Fimia Gil, Mateos Alvarez: Prácticas de Optica Geométrica y Radiométrica. Universidad de Alicante, 1988
[Pedrotti 88]: Pedrotti, Leno S.: Optics and vision. Prentice Hall, 1988
[Pedrotti 2018]: F. L. Pedrotti, L. M. Pedrotti and L. S. Pedrotti: Introduction to Optics. Cambridge University Press 2018.
[Rodríguez]: J. Rodríguez: Fundamentos de Optica Geométrica. Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Oviedo, 1997
[Sánchez del Río]: C. Sánchez del Río: Análisis de Errores. Eudema Universidad. Madrid, 1989.
[Schwartz]: Schwartz, Steven H.: Geometrical and visual optics : a clinical introduction.
McGraw Hill Education, 2013.
[Tunnacliffe]: A.H. Tunnacliffe: Introduction to viual optics. The Association of British Dispensing Opticians. Londres 1993 (4ª ed.).
[Valberg]: Arne Valberg: Light Vision Color. Wiley, 2005.
[Williamson]: S.J. Williamson, H.Z. Cummings: Light and Color in nature and art. John Willey&Sons. New York, 1983
Knowledge:
• Con_10. Understand the image formation process and properties of optical systems.
• Con_11. Recognize the eye as an optical system.
• Con_12. Understand the basic models of vision.
• Con_25. Understand the aberrations of optical systems.
Skills and Abilities:
• HyD_1. Think in an integrated manner and approach problems from different perspectives with critical reasoning.
• HyD_2. Organize and plan work.
• HyD_3. Interpret results and identify consistent and inconsistent elements.
• HyD_4. Work as a team.
• HyD_5. Maintain an ethical commitment, as well as a commitment to equality and inclusion.
• HyD_8. Know how to analyze data and interpret experimental results specific to the fields of Optics and Optometry.
• HyD_9. Know how to apply instrumental techniques and work protocols in a laboratory, applying regulations and techniques related to safety and hygiene, waste management, and quality.
• HyD_12. Handle basic laboratory materials and techniques.
• HyD_14. Demonstrate basic knowledge of geometry and mathematical analysis.
Competencies:
• Comp_1. Students must have the ability to gather and interpret relevant data to make judgments that include reflection on relevant social, scientific, or ethical issues.
• Comp_3. Students must have developed the learning skills necessary to undertake further studies with a high degree of autonomy.
• Comp_4. Students must be able to apply the theoretical and practical knowledge acquired in the degree in a professional manner and be competent in posing/solving problems, as well as in developing/defending arguments in both academic and professional contexts related to Optics and Optometry.
• Comp_5. Ability to learn independently, work in a team, organize time and resources, and acquire new knowledge and techniques in Optics and Optometry.
Lectures and interactive classes will be combined, introducing practical case examples as new concepts are introduced. Seminar classes will focus on problems posed in the handouts for each topic or thematic unit.
Active student participation will be encouraged.
The practical methodology, tasks to be completed, and evaluation system will be detailed by the practical instructor.
The Virtual Classroom will be used as a communication tool for exchanging documents and information.
GENERAL EVALUATION:
Completion of the laboratory sessions is mandatory in order to be assessed.
To pass the course, students must obtain a minimum grade of 4 out of 10 in both the theoretical and practical sections, as well as an overall grade of at least 5 out of 10.
The grade obtained on the final written exam will account for 70% of the total. The instructor may establish a continuous assessment system for the theory through tests or midterm exams throughout the course, which will count toward the same 70% percentage for the final grade.
The grade for practical laboratory work (through oral defense or written report) will account for 20% of the total.
The grade obtained in continuous assessment, through written tests, assignments, and/or class participation, will contribute 10% of the total.
The grade will be "Not Present" when the student does not appear for any of the assessment tests.
ASSESSMENT WITH EXEMPTION FROM ATTENDANCE AT EXHIBITION SESSIONS
In this case, the continuous assessment options will not apply:
To pass the course, it is essential to obtain a minimum grade of 4 out of 10 in the theoretical and practical sections and an overall grade of at least 5 out of 10.
The grade obtained on the final written exam will be 75% of the total.
The grade for the practical laboratory work (through oral defense or written report) will be 25% of the total.
In cases of fraudulent completion of exercises or tests, the provisions of the "Regulations for the Evaluation of Student Academic Performance and Review of Grades" will apply.
Presential sessions 50 Hours
Personal work of student 93 Hours
Trabajar los problemas propuestos en los boletines antes de acudir a las sesiones de seminarios para poder aprovecharlas para resolver dudas.
Solicitar tutorías con el profesorado siempre que se encuentren dificultades en la preparación de la materia.
Rosa María González Fernández
- Department
- Applied Physics
- Area
- Optics
- Phone
- 881813518
- rosa.gonzalez [at] usc.es
- Category
- Professor: University School Lecturer
Maria Dolores Mouriz Cereijo
Coordinador/a- Department
- Applied Physics
- Area
- Optics
- Phone
- 881813519
- mariadolores.mouriz [at] usc.es
- Category
- Professor: University Lecturer
Maria Elena Lopez Lago
- Department
- Applied Physics
- Area
- Optics
- Phone
- 881813518
- elena.lopez.lago [at] usc.es
- Category
- Professor: University Professor
| Tuesday | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 09:00-10:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Galician | Classroom 3 |
| Wednesday | |||
| 09:00-10:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Galician | Classroom 3 |
| 13:00-14:00 | Grupo /CLE_02 | Spanish | Classroom 3 |
| Thursday | |||
| 09:00-10:00 | Grupo /CLIS_01 | Galician | Classroom 3 |
| 12:00-13:00 | Grupo /CLIS_02 | Spanish | Classroom 1 |
| Friday | |||
| 10:00-12:00 | Grupo /CLE_02 | Spanish | Classroom 3 |
| 06.03.2026 10:00-12:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Classroom 1 |
| 06.03.2026 10:00-12:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Classroom 2 |
| 07.06.2026 10:00-12:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Classroom 1 |
| 07.06.2026 10:00-12:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Classroom 2 |