ECTS credits ECTS credits: 6
ECTS Hours Rules/Memories Student's work ECTS: 99 Hours of tutorials: 3 Expository Class: 24 Interactive Classroom: 24 Total: 150
Use languages Spanish, Galician, English
Type: Ordinary Degree Subject RD 1393/2007 - 822/2021
Departments: Philosophy and Anthropology
Areas: Logic and Philosophy of Science
Center Faculty of Philosophy
Call: First Semester
Teaching: With teaching
Enrolment: Enrollable
Of the title to be pursued in the subject
1) Provide a solid education in Philosophy, placing the latter in the universe of scientific and humanistic knowledge, in the cultural fabric and before the social practice of the contemporary world.
2) Combine training in Philosophy with the teaching of the necessary skills to apply the knowledge acquired to professional practice.
3) Generate the capacity for analysis and criticism, as well as a proactive attitude.
4) Provide the ability to learn autonomously, forming one’s own criteria and learning strategies, also applicable throughout life.
5) Establish the principles of respect and promotion of the fundamental rights to equality among people, the principles of universal accessibility and development for all, and the democratic values and a culture of peace.
Specific objectives of the subject
1. Reach an initial understanding of what is understood by logic and its general interest.
2. Proficiency in deduction in arguments expressed in propositional and first-order logic in a natural deduction system.
3. Ability to represent the logical form of declarative expressions re-expressing them according to the logical apparatus of a formal propositional or first-order language.
4. Ability to determine the semantic value of a well-formed formula of a formal language given an appropriate semantics.
5. Ability to establish appropriate semantics for the different types of expressions in a formal language.
6. Learn how to apply this knowledge inside and outside Philosophy. In particular, learn how to do logical analysis of philosophical and non-philosophical texts.
7. Learn how to explain these contents, to be in a position to teach it.
8. Improvement of argumentative abilities and skills.
9. Ability to organize information, make decisions, pose and solve problems.
10. Know how to expand and further develop this knowledge through research.
1. FIRST THEORETICAL NOTIONS
• Logical consequence and validity.
• Logical independence and non-validity. Consistency and inconsistency.
• The notion of proof.
• Use and mention; language and metalanguage; words, ideas, and things. The sentences, the propositions, and the facts.
• Exercises
2.SEMANTICS AND STRATEGIES FOR FORMALIZING NATURAL LANGUAGE STATEMENTS INTO THE LANGUAGE OF CLASSICAL LOGIC
• Introduction
• A formal language for classical propositional logic
• Semantics for classical propositional logic
• Formalization strategies
• Exercises
3. PROPOSITIONAL CLASSICAL LOGIC: DEDUCTION
• A Natural deduction system for classical propositional logic
• Demonstration of validity: Strategies for solving deduction exercises
• Demonstration of invalidity: Interpretations and semantic tables
• Metalogical notions: Consistency, Completeness, Decidability
• Exercises
4. FIRST-ORDER CLASSICAL LOGIC: SEMANTICS AND FORMALIZATION STRATEGIES
• Introduction
• A formal language for first-order logic
• Some set-theoretical notions
• Semantics
• Formalization strategies
• Exercises
5. FIRST-ORDER CLASSICAL LOGIC. LOGICAL-FORMAL SYSTEMS
• Natural deduction system for classical first-order logic
• Demonstration of validity: Strategies for solving deduction exercises
• Demonstration of invalidity: interpretations, models and counter-models, semantic tables
• Metalogical notions: Consistency, Completeness, Decidability
• Exercises
Basic bibliography
‘[*]’ means basic references
[*] Badesa, C., Jané, I., and Jansana, R. (1998), Elementos de Lógica Formal, Ariel: Barcelona.
Beth, E. W., (1975) Las paradojas de la lógica, Cuadernos Teorema, Valencia.
Beth, E. W., (1955) Entrañamiento semántico y derivabilidad formal. Cuadernos Teorema, Univ. de Valencia Valencia. (Versión original: "Semantic Entailment and Formal Derivability", Mededelingen der Koninklijke Nederladse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afd. letterkunde, n. s., vol 18, nº13, pp. 309-342.)
Bochenski, I. M., (1985) Historia de la lógica formal, Ed. Gredos, Madrid. (Versión orixinal: Formale Logik, Friburgo y Munich, 1956).
Castrillo, P., (1989) La estructura de los condicionales, UNED, Madrid. [*] Deaño, A.,(1974) Introducción a la lógica formal, Alianza, Madrid. Deaño, A., (1980) Las concepciones de la lógica, Tecnos, Madrid.
Díaz, J.A.,* (2000),Iniciación a la Lógica, Ariel, Barcelona.
[*] Falguera, J. L. - Martínez, C., *(1999) Lógica clásica de primer orden: estrategias de deducción, formalización y evaluación semántica (2 vols.), Trotta, Madrid.
García-Trevijano, Carmen, *(1993) El arte de la lógica, Tecnos, Madrid.
Gardner, M., (1983) Paradojas, ¡ajá!, Ed. Labor, Barcelona. (Versión orixinal: Aha! Gotcha: Paradoxes to puzzle and delight)
[*] Garrido, M.,*(1995) Lógica simbólica, Tecnos, Madrid.
Garrido, M. (Ed.) (1989) Lógica y lenguaje. Tecnos, Madrid.
Haack, S., (1982) Filosofía de las lógicas, Ed. Cátedra, Madrid. (Versión orixinal: Philosophy of Logics, 1978, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge).
Huertas, A., e Manzano, M., 2004, Lógica para principiantes, Alianza Editorial, Madrid.
Kneale, W. e M., (1972) El desarrollo de la lógica, Tecnos, Madrid. (Versión orixinal The development of Logic, The Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1961).
Marraud, H. e Navarro, P.,*(1988) Sistemas deductivos tipo Gentzen, Colección Cuadernos de Apoyo, Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid.
Mates, B., (1987) Lógica matemática elemental. Tecnos, Madrid. (Versión original Elementary Logic, Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, 1965).
Nidditch, P. H., (1987) El desarrollo de la lógica, Cátedra, Madrid. Pérez Sedeño, E., (1991) Ejercicios de Lógica, S. XXI.
Pizarro, F., (1986) Aprender a razonar, Ed. Alhambra, Barcelona.
Quine, W. O., (1962) Los métodos de la lógica, Ariel. (Versión orixinal Methods of Logic, Rinehart and Winston, Inc., 1950).
Quine, W. O., (1972) Lógica Matemática, Revista de Occidente, Madrid. (Versión orixinal: Mathematical Logic, Harvard Univ. Press 1940).
[*] Sagüillo, J. M. (2008): El Pensamiento Lógico-Matemático. Elementos de heurística y apodíctica demostrativa. Ediciones Akal. Madrid
Smullyan, R. M., (1981) ¿Cómo se llama este libro? o El enigma de Drácula y otros pasatiempos lógicos, Cátedra, Madrid. (Versión orixinal: What is the name of this book?, Englewood Cliffs, New York, Prentice Hall, 1978).Smullyan, R. M., (1983) ¿La dama o el tigre?, Ed. Cátedra, Madrid. (Versión orixinal: The lady or the tiger? and other puzzles, Alfred A. Knopf Inc.)
[*] Suppes, P., *(1981) Introducción a la lógica simbólica, Ed. Continental, México. (Versión orixinal Introduction to Logic, Van Nostrand, 1957).
Tarski, A., (1951) Introducción a la lógica simbólica, Espasa Calpe, 1951.
Zalabardo, J. L., (2002) Introducción a la teoría de la lógica, Alianza editorial: Madrid.
This subject should contribute to the acquisition by the student of the following competences
General competences
(1.1) Graduates should have knowledge of the contents that pertain to philosophy as a discipline, including its doctrines, theories, methods and applications, at the level provided by academic texts and being able to refer to recent contributions.
(1.2) Graduates should know how to apply this knowledge to identify, formulate and solve problems in the field of Philosophy, at a general and non-specialized level.
(1.3) Graduates should be able to transmit this knowledge and the ideas, questions and solutions that Philosophy offers, both to the general public and to a specialized audience.
(1.4) Graduates should be able to continue his or her formation, in Philosophy and/or in other fields of knowledge, with a high grade of autonomy.
Specific competences
(2.1) Understanding of language and the means of reasoning.
(2.2) Ability to use logical-mathematical languages in different applications.
(2.3) Ability to understand and discuss proofs and paradoxes of the history of thought and in particular of the history of mathematics.
(1) Lectures
The teacher in charge will introduce the different issues that are to be addressed throughout the course.
(2) Practical sessions
Practical sessions will consist of interactive seminars in which different exercises corresponding to the issues addressed at the lectures will be done and discussed.
Students will have to prepare these sessions on their own and deliver summaries, exercises, etc. that will be set weekly.
(3) Tutorial activities
The students will be divided into the stipulated groups and in the middle of the semester, approximately, in one or two sessions that will add up to a total of 3 hours of student work, an evaluation of the work carried out by the student in the first part of the course will be done.
CONTENT ASSESSMENT
Continuous assessment
First chance
1) 80% of the total mark will be given by the qualifications obtained in the partial tests and/or final exam on the contents of the program. The maximum grade for each exam will therefore be an 8.
Throughout the semester, there will be an eliminatory test corresponding to topics 1 to 3. The test corresponding to topics 4 and 5 will be carried out on the date of the final exam established by the faculty. The test carried out during the semester will be eliminatory of the subject for the first opportunity final exam (December 2021 or January 2022 as established by the official calendar) as long as at least 4 out of 8 has been obtained.
Whoever does not pass the test mentioned earlier will have a second chance to pass it in the final exam on the date indicated by the faculty.
Passing the theoretical contents of the course (topics 1 to 3) will be a precondition for the evaluation of the part corresponding to exercises in semantics and deduction.
2) 20% of the qualification will depend on the work done by the student throughout the semester. At least one question or exercise by topic will be done during a lesson without prior notice (either in paper or through the virtual campus.)
Task bulletins will be programmed for the different topics. The corrections of these tasks will be done in the practical sessions (with the collaboration of the students).
Nonattendance to more than three sessions without justification supposes the loss of the right to continuous assessment and the need to take the complete final exam of the subject.
Those students who do not pass the test in January will have to take the second chance exam with all the material.
Second opportunity
100% of the qualification will consist of the qualification obtained in the final exam of the 2nd opportunity to take on the official date indicated by the faculty.
Those students who signed up for continuous assessment and passed (obtained at least a 4 out of 8) in any of the partial tests will not have to repeat this part in the second opportunity exam.
THOSE STUDENTS WHO HAVE MORE THAN THREE UNEXCUSED ABSENCES MUST BE EXAMINED FOR ALL THE SUBJECT EVEN IF THEY HAVE PASSED SOME OF THE PARTS IN THE FINAL EXAM CARRIED OUT IN JANUARY.
Evaluation for students with an exemption from teaching or not attending more than three sessions
Those students who have a teaching waiver or who have more than three unexcused absences will take the complete final exam for the entire subject IN THE TWO OPPORTUNITIES.
SKILLS ASSESSMENT
GENERAL SKILLS
1) Provide knowledge of Philosophy (doctrines, theories, methods and applications).
Homework and exams
3) Ability to transmit knowledge, ideas, questions and solutions, both to a general public and interested and / or understood in philosophical issues.
Resolution of exercises in class. This means explaining and transmitting knowledge and solutions.
4) Ability to continue their training, in Philosophy or in other fields of knowledge, with a high degree of autonomy.
Resolution of exercises and evaluation that involves autonomous reading of texts.
5) Ability to recognize, in the diverse knowledge areas and in social practice, questions and the aspects that can be approached and resolved from Philosophy.
Resolution of exercises and tasks
6) Dissemination and application of the principles of respect and promotion of the fundamental rights of people, democratic values and a culture of peace.
Resolution of exercises and tasks.
SPECIFIC COMPETENCES
1) Know the disciplines, theories, methods, applications and currents of Philosophy.
2) Know how to explain and be in a position to learn to teach the knowledge of Philosophy.
3) Know how to expand and be able to further develop this knowledge through research.
4) Know how to apply this knowledge inside and outside the philosophical field.
5) Ability to analyze and synthesize, logically argue, reflect and deliberate on having ethics.
6) Know how to express oneself, communicate, debate and dialogue.
7) Ability to organize information, make decisions, expose and resolve its pluses and minuses.
8) Development of critical reasoning and ethical commitment.
9) Social sense, promoting cooperation and mediation.
10) Responsiveness and constructive spirit: proactivity, inventiveness, creativity, industriousness and adaptability in contexts
All of them are evaluated when evaluating the student through the resolution of exercises, the presentation of those resolutions in class, and the execution of tasks and exams.
REGULATIONS
“Normativa de Permanencia”, do 25 de maio de 2012:
Art. 5.2: “A cualificación dunha convocatoria na que o alumno non se presenta, ou non supera os obxectivos establecidos será de ‘suspenso’, salvo que o estudante non realice ningunha actividade académica avaliable conforme ao establecido na programación ou guía docente, en cuxo caso constará como ‘non presentado’”.
“Normativa de avaliación do rendemento académico dos estudantes e de revisión de cualificacións”, aprobada no Consello de Goberno do 15 de xuño de 2011:
Art. 1.: “A realización fraudulenta dalgún exercicio ou proba esixida na avaliación dunha materia implicará a cualificación de suspenso na convocatoria correspondente, con independencia do proceso disciplinario que se poida seguir contra o alumno infractor. Considerarse fraudulenta, entre outras, a realización de traballos plaxiados ou obtidos de fontes accesibles ao público sen reelaboración ou reinterpretación e sen citas aos autores e das fontes”.
The estimated work time for this subject in correspondence with the 6 credits, is as follows:
Contact hours: 51h.
Tutoring hours 3h.
Lectures 24h.
Practical lessons 24h.
Hours to study on your own: 99h.
Total: 150 hours
(1) Participation and follow-up of the lessons
(2) Study of materials following guidelines
(3) Consultation of doubts during lessons or in tutorial time
(4) Regular class attendance
(5) Regular delivery of assigned tasks
(6) Follow-up of the course agenda
(7) Appropriate attitude to read texts in English
ORIGINALITY REQUIREMENT
For cases of fraudulent performance of exercises or tests, the provisions established by the Regulations for the evaluation of the academic performance of students and the review of qualifications will apply.
CONTINGENCY PLAN
Scenario 2. Distance (partial restrictions and physical presence)
TEACHING METHODOLOGY
Lectures
The teacher responsible for the session will be in charge. She will interact with the students answering questions and providing clarifications.
In this scenario, lectures will take place in person and through Teams, synchronously, and, possibly, in a recorded version available on the virtual campus. Questions can be made in person or through Teams or through a forum set up for this purpose on the virtual campus in the case of recorded sessions.
Interactive sessions
Mainly dedicated to solving exercises that illustrate and expand what has been explained in the lectures.
The sessions will take place will take place in person and through Teams, synchronously, and, possibly, in a recorded version available on the virtual campus. Feedback will be given through the virtual campus.
Activities will be carried out and monitored (delivery schedule, participation lists, etc.) through the Virtual Campus and Teams.
Tutorial activities
The students will be divided into several groups and in the middle of the semester, approximately, in one or two sessions that will add up to a total of 3 hours of student work, the following activities will be carried out:
-Personalized evaluation of the work carried out by the student.
Tutorials will be carried out using the Teams Platform enabled by the USC.
EVALUATION
OF CONTENTS
First chance
Continuous assessment
1) 80% of the total grade will be given by the qualifications obtained in the tests and / or exercises. These tests and / or exercises can be done in class (through Teams) or through the 'questionnaire' or 'homework' tools available at the Virtual Campus; they will have to be taken during a previously established period of time.
Whoever does not pass any of the aforementioned tests, will have to recover them in the final exam on the date indicated by the faculty.
The corrections of these tasks will be made in class (with the collaboration of the students) through Teams, or they will be posted on the virtual campus.
2) The remaining 20% will respond to the qualification obtained in the final test to be carried out on the date indicated by the faculty on site (if possible).
Failure to complete or submit more than two tests or tasks (in total) implies the loss of the right to continuous evaluation and the need to take the complete final exam of the subject.
Whoever does not pass that final exam in January, you will have to take the second chance exam with all the material.
Final exam
As indicated above, the final exam is complementary for students who take the continuous assessment modality and compulsory and encompassing the whole of the subject for those who do not take continuous assessment.
Second chance
100% of the qualification will consist of the qualification obtained in the final exam of the 2nd opportunity to take in person (whenever possible) on the official date indicated by the faculty.
In the event that a student has taken advantage of the continuous assessment system, that is, if she does not have more than three unexcused absences and has passed (obtained at least a 5) the tests and / or tasks handed in, she will not have to repeat this part in the second chance final exam.
For cases of fraudulent performance of exercises or tests, the provisions of the Regulation for the evaluation of the academic performance of students and the review of grades will be applied.
SKILLS
GENERAL
1) Provide knowledge of Philosophy (doctrines, theories, methods and applications).
Homework and exams
3) Ability to transmit knowledge, ideas, questions and solutions, both to a general public and interested and / or understood in philosophical issues.
Resolution of exercises in class. This means explaining and transmitting knowledge and solutions.
4) Ability to continue their training, in Philosophy or in other fields of knowledge, with a high degree of autonomy.
Resolution of exercises and evaluation that involves autonomous reading of texts.
5) Ability to recognize, we diverse know and in social practice, issues and their pluses and minuses that can be approached and resolved from Philosophy.
Resolution of exercises and tasks.
6) Dissemination and application of the principles of respect and promotion of the fundamental rights of people, democratic values and a culture of peace.
Resolution of exercises and tasks.
SPECIFIC
1) Know the disciplines, theories, methods, applications and currents of Philosophy.
2) Know how to explain and be in a position to learn to teach the knowledge of Philosophy.
3) Know how to expand and be able to further develop this knowledge through research.
4) Know how to apply this knowledge inside and outside the philosophical field.
5) Ability to analyze and synthesize, logically argue, reflect and deliberate on having ethics.
6) Know how to express oneself, communicate, debate and dialogue.
7) Ability to organize information, make decisions, expose and resolve its pluses and minuses.
8) Development of critical reasoning and ethical commitment.
9) Social sense, promoting cooperation and mediation.
10) Responsiveness and constructive spirit: proactivity, inventiveness, creativity, industriousness and adaptability in contexts
All of them are evaluated when evaluating the student through the resolution of exercises, the presentation of those resolutions in class, and the execution of tasks and exams.
Scenario 3. Closure of the facilities
TEACHING METHODOLOGY
Lectures
In charge of the teacher with interaction with the students through questions and pertinent clarifications.
In this scenario, lectures will take place through Teams, synchronously, and also in a recorded version available on the virtual campus. Questions can be made through Teams or through a forum set up for this purpose on the virtual campus in the case of recorded sessions.
Interactive classes
Mainly dedicated to solving exercises that illustrate and expand what has been explained in the lectures.
The sessions will take place through Teams, or by assigning tasks to which feedback will be given through the virtual campus.
Tutorial activities
The students will be divided into several groups and in the middle of the semester, approximately, in one or two sessions that will add a total of 3 hours of student work, the following activities will be carried out:
-Personalized evaluation of the work carried out by the student in the first part of the course
The tutorials will be carried out using the Teams Platform enabled by the USC.
EVALUATION
It will be done as in SCENARIO 2. The final examination will be done through the virtual campus and Teams.
As indicated above, the f inal exam is complementary for students who take the continuous assessment modality and compulsory and encompassing the whole of the subject for those who do not take the continuous assessment.
For cases of fraudulent performance of exercises or tests, the provisions of the Regulation for the evaluation of the academic performance of students and the review of grades will be applied.
Maria De La Concepcion Martinez Vidal
Coordinador/a- Department
- Philosophy and Anthropology
- Area
- Logic and Philosophy of Science
- Phone
- 881812530
- mconcepcion.martinez [at] usc.es
- Category
- Professor: University Lecturer
Ismael Ordóñez Miguéns
- Department
- Philosophy and Anthropology
- Area
- Logic and Philosophy of Science
- ismael.ordonez.miguens [at] usc.es
- Category
- Ministry Pre-doctoral Contract
Violeta Conde Borrego
- Department
- Philosophy and Anthropology
- Area
- Logic and Philosophy of Science
- violeta.conde.borrego [at] usc.es
- Category
- Ministry Pre-doctoral Contract
Lorenzo Azzano
- Department
- Philosophy and Anthropology
- Area
- Logic and Philosophy of Science
- Category
- Researcher: Juan de la Cierva Programme
| Monday | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 11:00-12:30 | Grupo /CLE_01 | English | Classroom 1 |
| 12:30-14:00 | Grupo /CLIS_02 | Galician, Spanish | Classroom 2 |
| 16:00-17:30 | Grupo expositiva (inglés) | English | Classroom 2 |
| Tuesday | |||
| 11:00-12:30 | Grupo /CLIS_01 | Galician, Spanish | Classroom 1 |
| Thursday | |||
| 12:30-14:00 | Grupo /CLIS_03 | English | Classroom 2 |
| 16:00-17:30 | Grupo seminario (inglés) | English | Classroom 2 |
| 01.18.2022 16:00-19:00 | Grupo seminario (inglés) | Hipatia Hall |
| 01.18.2022 16:00-19:00 | Grupo /CLIS_03 | Hipatia Hall |
| 01.18.2022 16:00-19:00 | Grupo expositiva (inglés) | Hipatia Hall |
| 01.18.2022 16:00-19:00 | Grupo /CLIS_02 | Hipatia Hall |
| 01.18.2022 16:00-19:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Hipatia Hall |
| 01.18.2022 16:00-19:00 | Grupo /CLIS_01 | Hipatia Hall |
| 06.30.2022 10:00-13:00 | Grupo /CLIS_01 | Classroom 4 |
| 06.30.2022 10:00-13:00 | Grupo seminario (inglés) | Classroom 4 |
| 06.30.2022 10:00-13:00 | Grupo /CLIS_03 | Classroom 4 |
| 06.30.2022 10:00-13:00 | Grupo expositiva (inglés) | Classroom 4 |
| 06.30.2022 10:00-13:00 | Grupo /CLIS_02 | Classroom 4 |
| 06.30.2022 10:00-13:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Classroom 4 |