ECTS credits ECTS credits: 6
ECTS Hours Rules/Memories Student's work ECTS: 91 Hours of tutorials: 3 Expository Class: 40 Interactive Classroom: 16 Total: 150
Use languages Spanish, Galician
Type: Ordinary Degree Subject RD 1393/2007 - 822/2021
Departments: Physiology
Areas: Physiology
Center Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry
Call: Second Semester
Teaching: Sin docencia (Extinguida)
Enrolment: No Matriculable | 1st year (Yes)
To understand the human physiology since it is the mother of several biological and basic biomedical sciences in which the Odontology is based to assure a correct dental attendance. Specifically:
1. Knowledge of the structure and normal functions of the organism and each of the organs and systems that shape it.
2. Knowledge of the mechanisms of the membrane as well as the molecular, biochemical and cellular mechanisms that allow the maintenance of corporal homeostasis.
3. To establish relations between the knowledge of the physiological field and that of other subjects of the degree, in order to understand the structure and normal function of the stomatognatic system.
Unit 1.- Concept of physiology. Evolution of the concept of physiology. Physiology in Odontology.
Thematic Unit I: Internal environment and body fluids
Unit 2.- Concept of internal environment. Functional organization of the human body and control of the internal environment. Concept of Homeostasis. Control systems of the body. Characteristics of control mechanisms.
Unit 3.- The body fluid compartments: Extracellular and Intracellular fluid compartments. Constituents of extracellular and intracellular fluids. Regulation of fluid exchange and osmotic equilibrium between intracellular and extracellular fluid. Measurement of fluid volumes in the different body fluid compartments. The indicator-dilution principle.
Thematic Unit II: Transport of ions and molecules through the cell membrane
Unit 4.- Diffusion through the cell membrane. Factors that affect net rate of diffusion. Active Transport. Primary active transport. Secondary active transport. Osmotic across selectively permeable membranes. Net diffusion of water.
Unit 5.- Exchange of fluid, ions and molecules between the blood and interstitial fluid. Exchange of fluid volume through the capillary membrane: ultra filtration. Starling equilibrium for capillary exchange. Role of lymphatic system in controlling interstitial fluid volume, protein concentration and interstitial fluid pressure.
Thematic Unit III: Nervous System
Unit 6.- Functional organization of the nervous system.
Unit 7.- Electrochemical potential. Membrane potential. Action potential: threshold, summation, refractory period. Conduction of the nerve impulse and propagation speed.
Unit 8.- Synapses: neuromuscular junction. Synapses between nervous cellules. Nerve endings in smooth muscle.
Unit 9.- Skeletal muscle: mechanics of skeletal muscle contraction. Electric activity. Muscle action potential. Excitation-contraction coupling. Metabolic characteristics. Smooth muscle.
Unit 10.- Sensory receptors: types of information and receptors. Receptor-nerve interaction. Primary, secondary and tertiary sensory neuron. Propioceptors: muscular and tendinous receptors. Extereoceptors: skin sensitivity.
Unit 11.- Central projections of the sensorial receptors. Sensory systems: spinal cord, brainstem, thalamus, cerebral cortex.
Unit 12.- General organization of the movement. Organization of the spinal cord: spinal reflexes. Posture control. Walk. Voluntary movement.
Unit 13.- Autonomous nervous system. Hypothalamus?limbic system.
Thematic Unit IV Blood
Unit 14.- Blood plasma. Functions of blood plasma. Inorganic and organic composition. Plasma proteins. Concentration and classification. Functions of the plasma proteins.
Unit 15.- Hemostasis and blood coagulation.
Unit 16.- Red blood cells. Functions of red blood cells. Production and destruction of red blood cells. Formation of haemoglobin. Iron metabolism. Blood groups. O-A-B blood groups. Rh blood types.
Thematic Unit V The cardiovascular system
Unit 17.- The cardiac pump. The Cardiac cycle. Electric events of the cardiac cycle. Mechanical events of the cardiac cycle.
Unit 18.- Regulation of heart pumping. Cardiac output. Cardiac rate. Force of contraction. Intrinsic regulation of heart pumping: The Frank-Starling mechanism. Control of the heart by the autonomous nervous system.
Unit 19.- The circulation. Physical characteristics of the circulation. Arterial side of the circulation. Venous side of the circulation. Pressures in the cardiovascular system. Measurement of arterial blood pressure. Control of arterial blood pressure.
Thematic Unit VI The respiratory system
Unit 20.- Pulmonary ventilation. Mechanics of pulmonary ventilation. Pulmonary volumes and capacities. Alveolar ventilation.
Unit 21.- Pulmonary circulation. Physiologic anatomy of the pulmonary circulatory system. Pressures in the pulmonary system. Blood flow through the lungs and its distribution. Effect of the hydrostatic pressure gradients in the lungs on regional pulmonary blood flow. Ventilation-Perfusion ratio. Diffusion of gases through the respiratory membrane. Effect of the ventilation-Perfusion ratio on alveolar gas concentration. Useful methods for studying pulmonary function.
Unit 22.- Regulation of pulmonary ventilation. The respiratory center. Chemical control of pulmonary ventilation. Central and peripheral chemoreceptor systems. Mechanisms of generation of rhythmic respiratory output. Modulation of respiratory output. Stretch receptors.
Thematic Unit VII The urinary system
Unit 23.- Physiological anatomy of the kidneys. General organization of the kidneys and urinary tract. Renal blood supply. The nephron as the functional unit of the kidney. Glomerular filtration. Renal blood flow.
Unit 24.- Function of the proximal convoluted tubules. Function of the loops of Henle. Function of the distal parts of the nephrons. Function of the ureters and bladder.
Unit 25.- Regulation of extracellular fluid osmolarity and sodium concentration.
Unit 26.- Renal mechanisms for control of blood volume and extracellular fluid volume.
Unit 27.- Buffering of hydrogen ions in the body fluids.
Unit 28.- Acid-base balance. Respiratory regulation of acid-base balance. Renal control of acid-base balance.
Thematic Unit VIII Digestive system
Unit 29.- Saliva secretion: components and functions. Mechanisms of saliva secretion. Control of the saliva secretion.
Thematic Unit IX Endocrine system
Unit 30.- Chemical nature of hormones. Mechanisms of action of hormones.
Unit 31.- Calcium and phosphate homeostasis.
Unit 32.- Regulation of carbohydrate metabolism
Unit 33.- Body response to stress
-Bases Fisiológicas de la Práctica Médica (14ª edición). Best & Taylor. Panamericana. 2010.
-Fisiología Humana (14ª edición). Stuart Ira Fox. McGraw-Hill/Interamericana. 2017.
-Tratado de Fisiología médica (13ª edición). Guyton A.C., Hall J.E. McGraw-Hill/Interamericana. 2016.
-Fisiología humana: un enfoque integrado (7ª edición). Silverthorn, D.U. Panamericana. 2019.
-Principios de Anatomía y Fisiología (15ª edición). Tortora, G.J. & Derrickson, B. Panamericana. 2018.
-Fisiología (6ª edición). Constanzo, L.S. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2018.
-Fisiología Médica (25ª edición). Ganong, W.F. McGraw-Hill. 2016.
-Fisiología (7ª edición). Berne R.M., Levy M.T. Elsevier Mosby. 2018.
-Medical Physiology (3ª edición). Boron Boulpaep. Elsevier. 2017
Competences of the degree to which it contributes the subject:
1.To promote the learning of independent way of new knowledge and techniques, as well as the motivation by the quality.
2.To know how to share information with other sanitary professionals and to work in equipment.
3.To understand basic biomedical sciences in which the Odontology is based to assure a correct dental attendance.
4.To understand and to recognize the structure and normal function of the stomatognatic system, at molecular, cellular, tissue and organic level, in the different stages from the life.
5.To know, to value critically and to know how to use the clinical and biomedical sources of knowledge to obtain, to organize, to interpret and to communicate the scientific and sanitary data.
6.To know the method scientific and to have critical capacity to value the established knowledge and the novel information. To be able to formulate hypothesis, to collect and to value of critical form the information for the resolution of problems, being followed the scientific method.
Specific competences of the subject:
1.To know the bases functional the different organs, physiological apparatuses and systems and to have the capacity to integrate these knowledge to assure a correct dental attendance.
2.To establish relations between the knowledge of the physiological scope and those of other complementary matters of the curriculum, with the purpose of knowing the morphology and function the stomatognatic system.
The document “Bases for the development of safe face-to-face teaching in the academic year 2020-21” (CG 19-06-2020) defines in its third base three possible scenarios to consider and, in its fifth base, it includes the adaptation measures of the teaching to each of the defined scenarios, which were subsequently developed in an operational way in points 5 and 6 of the document “Guidelines for the development of safe face-to-face teaching”.
Taking into account the measures of adaptation of teaching to the characteristics of each of the three planned scenarios included in the aforementioned documents, the teaching methodology to be used in teaching this subject of the degree in Dentistry will be:
Scenario 1: Adapted normality (without restrictions to physical attendance)
Presentation in the classroom of the concepts and procedures related to the contents of the subject (expository teaching).
Activities in the classroom related to group monitoring of the topics proposed to be developed in seminar format (interactive seminar teaching).
Computer practices using simulators of physiological situations (interactive laboratory teaching).
Tutoring in small groups and individuals.
Although in this scenario, in accordance with the provisions of point 4.2 of the Guidelines for the development of safe face-to-face teaching, both expository and interactive teaching of seminars will be fundamentally face-to-face, the possibility is contemplated, after communicating with the Sufficient advance notice to students, to teach up to 5 hours of expository and / or seminar synchronously electronically using the MS TEAMS tool integrated into the corporate Office 365 platform.
It is also expected that one of the four 2-hour sessions dedicated to the management of the PhysioEx physiological simulation software integrated in the virtual campus, can be carried out remotely synchronously through this platform (interactive laboratory teaching). The remaining three sessions will take place in the computer room.
The tutorials will be mainly face-to-face, although tutorials can also be scheduled electronically, either synchronously through a video conference with MS TEAMS or by using the virtual campus chat tool, or asynchronously by using the various options available on the virtual campus (messages, forums, chats, repositories of teaching and complementary material, exercises, problems, self-assessment and evaluation tests, etc.).
Scenario 2: Distance (partial restrictions on physical attendance)
The expository and interactive seminar teaching will be carried out exclusively synchronously by telematic videoconference with MS TEAMS.
50% of the interactive laboratory teaching (two of the four sessions dedicated to the handling of the physiological simulator) will be carried out synchronously remotely through the virtual campus, while the remaining 50% will take place in the computer room / classroom.
The tutorials will be carried out exclusively electronically, either synchronously or asynchronously.
Scenario 3: Closing of the facilities (impossibility of teaching with physical presence)
In an exceptional situation derived from the temporary suspension of face-to-face teaching activity, it is necessary to transfer all the expository and interactive teaching, both seminar and laboratory, as well as tutoring and monitoring the student's learning process to the virtual campus environment through use of the various corporate communication, learning and tutoring tools available, both synchronously and asynchronously.
The evaluation will be carried out by:
1) Final specific test (70% of the final grade for the course)
The training activities for the presentation of knowledge and procedures and the individual study of the student will be evaluated through a specific final test that will consist of a battery of multiple-choice questions with 4 possible options, of which only one will be correct.
To pass the test, at least 50% of the maximum score must be reached, taking into account that each incorrect answer subtracts 33.3% from each correct answer.
2) Continuous assessment (30% of the final grade for the course)
The training activities, both individual and group, carried out by the student (presentations, work, self-evaluations, will be evaluated from the documentation provided by the student and / or generated by the virtual campus, as well as in their case the skills and attitudes shown during these activities (20% of the final grade for the course).
The activity developed in the laboratory practices will be evaluated from the work developed by the student, from the reports generated by the simulator, as well as from the skills and attitudes shown during the realization of the same (10% of the final grade of the subject).
To take into account the score obtained in activities other than the final specific test, it will be necessary to obtain a minimum of 40% of the maximum score of the final test, as well as regularly attend both the expository and interactive classes (minimum attendance of 80% of the total).
In order to pass the subject it is essential to have done the practices and passed the corresponding reports generated by the simulator.
Students enrolled in previous calls if they do not wish will not have to repeat the practices, like the rest of the activities included in the continuous assessment section, in the case of having passed them in the two previous academic years, keeping the corresponding grade .
Likewise, those repeating students who have time incompatibility to attend and participate in the face-to-face activities of the subject because they coincide with those scheduled in subjects of higher courses in which they have enrolled, may request that they not be taken into account the continuous assessment in the final grade for the course, assuming in this case the grade obtained in the final specific test, 100% of the final grade for the course.
Regarding the specific measures for each scenario to be applied in relation to the evaluation, they will be the following:
Scenario 1: Adapted normality (without restrictions to physical attendance)
The final tests will be carried out in person through a written test.
The continuous assessment will be face-to-face for all types of activities that take place in the classroom, and remotely for activities that take place through the virtual campus, and can be carried out in synchronous or asynchronous mode depending on the type of activity concerned.
Scenario 2: Distance (partial restrictions on physical attendance)
The final tests will be carried out remotely in synchronous mode.
The continuous evaluation will be face-to-face for those activities that in this scenario are carried out in the classroom (50% of interactive laboratory teaching), and the rest will be carried out through the virtual campus, and can be carried out synchronously or asynchronously. depending on the type of activity in question.
Scenario 3: Closing of the facilities (impossibility of teaching with physical presence)
The final tests will be carried out remotely in synchronous mode.
The continuous assessment will be carried out through the virtual campus for all activities, and may be carried out synchronously or asynchronously depending on the type of activity in question.
For the second opportunity of the call, the criteria set for the first opportunity will apply.
In cases of fraudulent performance of exercises or tests, the provisions of the “Regulations for the evaluation of student academic performance and review of grades” will apply.
Contact activities:
Theoretical sessions: 40 hours.
Practical sessions: 8 hours.
Seminars: 8 hours.
Tutorials: 3 hours.
Assessment: 1 hour.
Total contact activities: 60 hours.
Non-contact activities:
Individual work: 40 hours.
Searching information and carrying out of works: 20 hours.
Solving of problems: 8 hours.
Use of the e-classroom and review of material of support: 22 hours.
Total non-contact activities: 90 hours.
Total contact activities + non-contact activities: 150 hours.
-Dedication of the necessary resources to acquire a high command of the content, competences and skills raised by the teacher at the beginning, both of the subject and of each of the thematic blocks of which it consists, because they constitute the basis on resting the learning of the subject.
-Participation in all scheduled activities, both face-to-face and non-face-to-face.
-Use of the complementary resources available in the virtual campus classroom, such as presentations, videos, tutorials, self-assessment tests and evaluation with feedback system, etc.
-Use of tutorials, both face-to-face and virtual. In scenarios 2 and 3, the use of all the tools available in the virtual classroom is especially important to maintain contact with both classmates and teachers of the subject. The use of the virtual campus as a centralization system for all information (chats, forums, bulletin boards, calendars, etc.) is very important, although in certain situations other corporate communication tools (email, MS) may also be used TEAMS, etc.).
-Use of the recommended bibliography, on paper and / or in electronic format depending on availability, to get used to the simultaneous handling of different texts and the use of notes taken during teaching activities merely as scripts for the study of the subject.
Although there is no legal prerequisite for taking this subject, it is essential to have an adequate knowledge of the macroscopic and microscopic anatomy of the different organs and systems of the body, especially the stomatognathic apparatus.
Knowledge of the molecular and metabolic functioning of eukaryotic biological systems and of the laws and mechanisms that regulate enzyme reactions is an essential prerequisite.
It is also advisable and desirable to possess an adequate knowledge of the fundamental physical laws of application in the functioning of biological systems.
It is very convenient to be able to read texts in English, as well as to operate a personal computer at the basic user level.
CONTINGENCY PLAN:
Teaching methodology:
Scenario 2: Distance (partial restrictions on physical attendance)
The expository and interactive seminar teaching will be carried out exclusively synchronously by telematic videoconference with MS TEAMS.
50% of the interactive laboratory teaching (two of the four sessions dedicated to the handling of the physiological simulator) will be carried out synchronously remotely through the virtual campus, while the remaining 50% will take place in the computer room / classroom.
The tutorials will be carried out exclusively electronically, either synchronously or asynchronously.
Scenario 3: Closing of the facilities (impossibility of teaching with physical presence)
In an exceptional situation derived from the temporary suspension of face-to-face teaching activity, it is necessary to transfer all the expository and interactive teaching, both seminar and laboratory, as well as tutoring and monitoring the student's learning process to the virtual campus environment through use of the various corporate communication, learning and tutoring tools available, both synchronously and asynchronously.
Evaluation system:
Scenario 2: Distance (partial restrictions on physical attendance)
The final tests will be carried out remotely in synchronous mode.
The continuous evaluation will be face-to-face for those activities that in this scenario are carried out in the classroom (50% of interactive laboratory teaching), and the rest will be carried out through the virtual campus, and can be carried out synchronously or asynchronously. depending on the type of activity in question.
Scenario 3: Closing of the facilities (impossibility of teaching with physical presence)
The final tests will be carried out remotely in synchronous mode.
The continuous assessment will be carried out through the virtual campus for all activities, and may be carried out synchronously or asynchronously depending on the type of activity in question.
For the second opportunity of the call, the criteria set for the first opportunity will apply.
In cases of fraudulent performance of exercises or tests, the provisions of the "Regulations for the evaluation of student academic performance and review of grades" will apply.
Luis Jesus Lima Rodriguez
Coordinador/a- Department
- Physiology
- Area
- Physiology
- Phone
- 881812339
- luis.lima [at] usc.es
- Category
- Professor: University Lecturer
Maria Del Carmen Garcia Garcia
- Department
- Physiology
- Area
- Physiology
- Phone
- 881812443
- Category
- Professor: Temporary PhD professor
Patricia Lado Fernández
- Department
- Physiology
- Area
- Physiology
- patricia.lado.fernandez [at] usc.es
- Category
- Xunta Pre-doctoral Contract
| Monday | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 09:30-10:30 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Spanish | Dentistry-Assembly Hall |
| Tuesday | |||
| 09:30-10:30 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Spanish | Dentistry-Assembly Hall |
| Wednesday | |||
| 09:30-10:30 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Spanish | Dentistry-Assembly Hall |
| Thursday | |||
| 09:30-11:30 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Spanish | Dentistry-Assembly Hall |
| Friday | |||
| 09:30-10:30 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Spanish | Dentistry-Assembly Hall |
| 05.26.2021 09:00-11:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Dentistry-Classroom 3 |
| 05.26.2021 09:00-11:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Dentistry-A. Suárez Nuñez |
| 06.30.2021 12:00-14:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Dentistry-Classroom 3 |
| 06.30.2021 12:00-14:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Dentistry-A. Suárez Nuñez |